CN105304149B - Alpha contamination measurement flow in overhaul process of fuel defective unit of mega-kilowatt nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Alpha contamination measurement flow in overhaul process of fuel defective unit of mega-kilowatt nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN105304149B CN105304149B CN201510641278.1A CN201510641278A CN105304149B CN 105304149 B CN105304149 B CN 105304149B CN 201510641278 A CN201510641278 A CN 201510641278A CN 105304149 B CN105304149 B CN 105304149B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of detection and protection of nuclear pollution, in particular to an alpha contamination measurement flow in the overhaul process of a fuel defective unit of a mega-kilowatt nuclear power plant. The alpha contamination measurement flow is characterized in that radioactive chemical indicators of an operating unit of the mega-kilowatt nuclear power plant are subjected to tracking measurement by primary measurement, secondary measurement and teriary measurement; different protective measures are selected according to alpha contamination radioactive levels obtained by various-stage measurement. According to the alpha contamination measurement flow disclosed by the invention, in the overhaul process of the fuel defective unit of the mega-kilowatt nuclear power plant, whether the alpha contamination exists or not can be timely and effectively measured, and certain protective measures for persons are adopted according to measurement result, so that the incidence of alpha contamination events of ground and the persons is effectively prevented, and the safety in the overhaul process of the fuel defective unit of the mega-kilowatt nuclear power plant is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear pollution detection protection technology field, and in particular to a kind of million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel defect
α measuring contamination flow processs in major overhaul.
Background technology
In the running of million kilowatt nuclear power station, when fuel assembly occurs defect, the fission being included in fuel rod is produced
Thing will be into major loop, and gas fission product therein will be discharged in reactor building by major loop border, cause sky
Gas radiation pollution.And these fission products are with major loop opening during refueling outage, it is easier to discharge, a large amount of airborne radioactivities
Nucleic will leave working environment of the major loop into maintainer, increased the wind of the interior irradiation of place radiation level and personnel
Danger.France occurs under defect situation, several staff once occurred when the fuel assembly of Pi Aier (Dampierre) nuclear power station
Iodine in contamination accident, this allows for fuel defect to radiating the protection of defense controls work especially air pollution between overhaul time
Control proposes larger challenge.
When million kilowatt nuclear power station occurs fuel assembly defect, the big lid (i.e. pressure vessels top cover) of opening is needed to carry out
Overhaul.There is certain α pollution risks due to directly opening big lid：Including pollution and power plant's radiation monitoring system (KRT) in personnel
Related channel program is reported to the police.Therefore, the α measuring contaminations flow process and detection method formulated in fuel defect major overhaul is needed badly.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art provide a kind of million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel defect machine
α measuring contamination flow processs in group overhaul, in the case of million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel unit is defective, to the presence or absence of α
Pollution is timely and effectively measured, and personnel is taken with certain safeguard procedures according to measurement result, effectively prevent ground and
The generation of personnel's α contamination accidents, substantially increases the safety during the fuel major overhaul of million kilowatt nuclear power station.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions the purpose：
α measuring contamination flow processs in the fuel defect major overhaul of million kilowatt nuclear power station, comprise the following steps：
1) one-level measurement：The radio chemistry index of tracking measurement million kilowatt nuclear power station operating unit, finds million
Kilowatt nuclear-power station fuel unit occurs after defect event, in primary Ioops iodo- 134 radioactive level measurement to be tracked,
If iodo- 134 radioactive level shows primary Ioops system more than the prime risk threshold value of setting in detection discovery primary Ioops
With potential α radiation pollutions risk, need further to carry out two grades of measurements；If detection finds in primary Ioops that iodo- 134 put
Penetrating property level is less than the prime risk threshold value, then perform the safeguard procedures that there is no α radiation pollution risks；
2) two grades of measurements：Open pressure vessels top cover and upper surface and inner surface to top cover carry out α measuring contaminations, if
Detection finds that the α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss of top cover more than the light breeze danger threshold value of setting, show that million kilowatt nuclear power station is fired
Material has α radiation pollution risks, needs further to carry out three-level measurement；If detection finds the α measuring contamination meansigma methodss of top cover
Less than light breeze danger threshold value, then the safeguard procedures that there is no α radiation pollution risks are performed；
3) three-level measurement：α radiation pollution sampling and measurings are carried out to all opening places of primary Ioops, while to equipment component
Surface, personnel's body surface carry out α radiation pollution sampling and measurings, if detection finds force 3 wind of the α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss in setting
More than dangerous threshold value, show that million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel has α radiation pollutions, execution has the protection of α radiation pollution risks
Measure, arranges decontamination operation；If detection finds that α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss are less than the tertiary risk threshold value, perform and do not deposit
In the safeguard procedures of α radiation pollution risks.
As preferred technical scheme, the step 1) in the prime risk threshold value that sets as 2GBq/t.
As preferred technical scheme, the step 2) in the dangerous threshold value of light breeze that set as 8Bq/cm2。
As preferred technical scheme, the step 3) in the tertiary risk threshold value that sets as 8Bq/cm2。
Wherein, the safeguard procedures that there is α radiation pollution risks include：
Build anti-pollution safety and protection system SAS；
Staff wears respiratory protection equipment, and wearing additional protection articles for use in SAS；
Place outlet increases the mark of anti-pollution diffusion, arranges α measuring contamination instrument；
Place turnover personnel, instrument, equipment all need to be measured through α radiation pollutions；
Specially collection is processed radwaste with α radiation pollutions；
WBC is arranged staff in SAS to measure after the completion of work and the measurement of body surface α radiation pollutions.
It is further preferred that safety and protection system SAS is negative pressure or static SAS.
Used as preferred technical scheme, the respiratory protection equipment is gas mask or full facepiece mask.
Used as preferred technical scheme, the additional protection articles for use include paper clothing, plastic glove and Plastic overshoes.
Wherein, it is described there is no α radiation pollution risks safeguard procedures be：According to plan to equipment component surface, place, people
Member's body surface carries out α pollution sampling and measurings.
Wherein, the one-level measurement, two grades of measurements, three-level measurements include the equipment surface to the contact of primary Ioops fluid
Measurement.
Relative to prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：The million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel defect machine of the present invention
α measuring contamination flow processs in group overhaul, measure the operation of tracking measurement nuclear power station by one-level measurement, two grades of measurements, three-levels respectively
The radio chemistry index of unit, and the α radiation pollutions radioactive levels obtained according to measurements at different levels select to implement different anti-
Shield measure, using the α measuring contamination flow processs of the present invention, in the fuel defect major overhaul of million kilowatt nuclear power station, can be to being
No have α radiation pollutions and timely and effectively measured, and personnel are taken with certain safeguard procedures according to measurement result, effectively
The generation of ground and personnel's α contamination accidents is prevented, during substantially increasing million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel major overhaul
Safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the α measuring contamination schematic flow sheets in the fuel defect major overhaul of million kilowatt nuclear power station.
Specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1.
As shown in figure 1, the α measuring contamination streams in the million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel defect major overhaul of the present embodiment
Journey, comprises the following steps：
1) one-level measurement：The radio chemistry index of tracking measurement million kilowatt nuclear power station operating unit, finds million
Kilowatt nuclear-power station fuel unit occurs after defect event, in primary Ioops iodo- 134 radioactive level measurement to be tracked,
If iodo- 134 radioactive level shows primary Ioops system more than the prime risk threshold value of setting in detection discovery primary Ioops
With potential α radiation pollutions risk, need further to carry out two grades of measurements；If detection finds in primary Ioops that iodo- 134 put
Penetrating property level is less than the prime risk threshold value, then perform the safeguard procedures that there is no α radiation pollution risks；
2) two grades of measurements：Open pressure vessels top cover and upper surface and inner surface to top cover carry out α measuring contaminations, if
Detection finds that the α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss of top cover more than the light breeze danger threshold value of setting, show that million kilowatt nuclear power station is fired
Material has α radiation pollution risks, needs further to carry out three-level measurement；If detection finds the α measuring contamination meansigma methodss of top cover
Less than light breeze danger threshold value, then the safeguard procedures that there is no α radiation pollution risks are performed；
3) three-level measurement：α radiation pollution sampling and measurings are carried out to all opening places of primary Ioops, while to equipment component
Surface, personnel's body surface carry out α radiation pollution sampling and measurings, if detection finds force 3 wind of the α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss in setting
More than dangerous threshold value, show that million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel has α radiation pollutions, execution has the protection of α radiation pollution risks
Measure, arranges decontamination operation；If detection finds that α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss are less than the tertiary risk threshold value, perform and do not deposit
In the safeguard procedures of α radiation pollution risks.
α measuring contamination flow processs in the million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel defect major overhaul of the present invention, respectively by one
Level measurement, two grades of measurements, radio chemistry indexs of three-level measurement tracking measurement million kilowatt nuclear power station operating unit, and root
The α radiation pollutions radioactive level obtained according to measurements at different levels selects to implement different safeguard procedures, is surveyed using the α pollutions of the present invention
Amount flow process, in the fuel defect major overhaul of million kilowatt nuclear power station, can be timely and effective to carrying out with the presence or absence of α radiation pollutions
Measurement, and certain safeguard procedures are taken personnel according to measurement result, effectively prevent sending out for ground and personnel's α contamination accidents
It is raw, substantially increase the safety during the fuel major overhaul of million kilowatt nuclear power station.
As preferred technical scheme, the present embodiment step 1) in the prime risk threshold value that sets as 2GBq/t.
As preferred technical scheme, the present embodiment step 2) in the dangerous threshold value of light breeze that set as 8Bq/cm2。
As preferred technical scheme, the present embodiment step 3) in the tertiary risk threshold value that sets as 8Bq/cm2。
Specifically, the concrete setting selection of risk threshold values at different levels can be big according to million kilowatt nuclear power station fuel defect unit
The safety requirements grade at the scene of repairing is set, and corresponding security risk threshold value is taken under different safety requirements grades, with
The unification of safety and efficiency is reached, the α measuring contamination requirements under different situations are met.
Wherein, the safeguard procedures that there is α radiation pollution risks include：
Build anti-pollution safety and protection system SAS；
Staff wears respiratory protection equipment, and wearing additional protection articles for use in SAS；
Place outlet increases the mark of anti-pollution diffusion, arranges α measuring contamination instrument；
Place turnover personnel, instrument, equipment all need to be measured through α radiation pollutions；
Specially collection is processed radwaste with α radiation pollutions；
WBC is arranged staff in SAS to measure after the completion of work and the measurement of body surface α radiation pollutions.
Above-mentioned safety prevention measure is taken, the generation on ground and personnel's contamination accident can be effectively prevented, is further increased
Safety in the fuel major overhaul of million kilowatt nuclear power station.
Wherein, it is described there is no α radiation pollution risks safeguard procedures be：By original repair schedule to equipment component table
Face, place, personnel's body surface carry out α pollution sampling and measurings, perform general measure fence operation.
Embodiment 2.
In the present embodiment, safety and protection system SAS is preferably negative pressure or static SAS, to there is α radiation pollution risks
Region carry out enclosing covering, effectively prevent the generation of ground pollution event；The respiratory protection equipment is gas mask or full facepiece mask, institute
Additional protection articles for use are stated including paper clothing, plastic glove and Plastic overshoes, the generation of personnel's contamination accident is effectively prevented.
Embodiment 3.
In the present embodiment, the one-level measurement, two grades of measurements, three-level measurements include the equipment contacted to primary Ioops fluid
The measurement on surface, to the equipment surface of primary Ioops fluid contact α radiation pollution measurements are carried out, and are conducive to the α for finding to exist in time
Radiation pollution risk, improves the promptness of α measuring contaminations and comprehensive.
Embodiment described above only expresses some embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more concrete and detailed, but and
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformations and improvement can also be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be defined by claims.
Claims (10)
1. α measuring contamination flow processs in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) one-level measurement：The radio chemistry index of tracking measurement pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant operating unit, finds pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant
Fuel unit occurs after defect event, and in primary Ioops iodo- 134 radioactive level measurement is tracked, if detection finds
Iodo- 134 radioactive level shows that primary Ioops system has potential α more than the prime risk threshold value of setting in primary Ioops
Radiation pollution risk, needs further to carry out two grades of measurements；If detection finds that in primary Ioops iodo- 134 radioactive level is little
In the prime risk threshold value, then the safeguard procedures that there is no α radiation pollution risks are performed；
2) two grades of measurements：Open pressure vessels top cover and upper surface and inner surface to top cover carry out α measuring contaminations, if detection
It was found that the α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss of top cover show that pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel has α spokes more than the light breeze danger threshold value of setting
Pollution risk is penetrated, needs further to carry out three-level measurement；If detection finds that the α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss of top cover are less than described two
Level risk threshold value, then perform the safeguard procedures that there is no α radiation pollution risks；
3) three-level measurement：α radiation pollution sampling and measurings are carried out to all opening places of primary Ioops, while to equipment component table
Face, personnel's body surface carry out α radiation pollution sampling and measurings, if detection finds tertiary risk of the α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss in setting
More than threshold value, show that pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel has α radiation pollutions, execution has the safeguard procedures of α radiation pollution risks, peace
The dirty operation of venting；If detection finds that α measuring contaminations meansigma methodss are less than the tertiary risk threshold value, perform and there is no α radiation
The safeguard procedures of pollution risk.
2. α measuring contamination flow processs in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 1, its feature
Be, the step 1) in the prime risk threshold value that sets as 2GBq/t.
3. α measuring contamination flow processs in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 1, its feature
Be, the step 2) in the dangerous threshold value of the light breeze that set as 8Bq/cm2。
4. α measuring contamination flow processs in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 1, its feature
Be, the step 3) in the tertiary risk threshold value that sets as 8Bq/cm2。
5. α measuring contaminations in the pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 1-4 any one
Flow process, it is characterised in that the safeguard procedures that there is α radiation pollution risks include：
Build anti-pollution safety and protection system SAS；
Staff wears respiratory protection equipment, and wearing additional protection articles for use in SAS；
Place outlet increases the mark of anti-pollution diffusion, arranges α measuring contamination instrument；
Place turnover personnel, instrument, equipment all need to be measured through α radiation pollutions；
Specially collection is processed radwaste with α radiation pollutions；
WBC is arranged staff in SAS to measure after the completion of work and the measurement of body surface α radiation pollutions.
6. α measuring contamination flow processs in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 5, its feature
It is that safety and protection system SAS is negative pressure or static SAS.
7. α measuring contamination flow processs in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 5, its feature
It is that the respiratory protection equipment is gas mask or full facepiece mask.
8. α measuring contamination flow processs in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 5, its feature
It is that the additional protection articles for use include paper clothing, plastic glove and Plastic overshoes.
9. α measuring contaminations in the pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 1-4 any one
Flow process, it is characterised in that it is described there is no α radiation pollution risks safeguard procedures be：According to plan to equipment component surface, place
And personnel's body surface carries out α pollution sampling and measurings.
10. α measuring contaminations in the pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant fuel defect major overhaul according to claim 1-4 any one
Flow process, it is characterised in that the one-level measurement, two grades of measurements, three-level measurements include pair equipment contacted with primary Ioops fluid
The measurement on surface.
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| CN108597628B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-05 | 广东核电合营有限公司 | A kind of radiation protection method for Spent Fuel Pool dilatation |
| CN111554417A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-18 | 中核武汉核电运行技术股份有限公司 | Device and method for video inspection of upper surface of top cover |
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| US5457720A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1995-10-10 | General Electric Company | System for krypton-xenon concentration, separation and measurement for rapid detection of defective nuclear fuel bundles |
| FR2803427B1 (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2003-10-03 | Framatome Sa | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR STORING IRRADIATED PRODUCTS AND IN PARTICULAR IRRADIATED NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLIES |
| CN101477844B (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2012-10-31 | 中国广东核电集团有限公司 | Loop sulfate pollution controlling method for starting process after nuclear plant major overhaul |
| CN102324257B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-07-09 | 中国广核集团有限公司 | Radiation protection control method for unit operation and maintenance during fuel damage of pressurized water reactor nuclear power station |
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