CN205635077U - Artificial ecological purifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an artificial ecological water purification device, which comprises an ecological pool. The bottom of the ecological pool is sequentially provided with a water distribution layer 1, a water distribution layer 2, a biological filter layer 1, a biological filter layer 2 and an upper floating filter layer. water layer, and a coarse sand filter area is set at the water outlet. The pool wall of the ecological pool has an anti-seepage function. The water distribution layer 1 is composed of gravels with a particle size of 30-40 mm. A plurality of water distribution pipes are buried in the water distribution layer. The side walls of each water distribution pipe are evenly equipped with cloth water hole. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics: the utility model can provide good carriers for microorganisms, provide good hydraulic conditions for sewage seepage, form a good micro-ecological environment, have high sewage treatment efficiency, and have good landscape effects And the advantages of convenient operation and management.

Description

An artificial ecological water purification device

technical field

The utility model relates to a water purification device, in particular to an artificial ecological water purification device with high purification efficiency.

Background technique

Common artificial ecological water purification devices: artificial wetlands use the triple synergy of physics, chemistry and biology in the natural system to purify sewage. Its mechanism of action includes adsorption, retention, filtration, redox, precipitation, microbial degradation, plant shading, residue accumulation, transpiration of water and nutrient absorption, and the action of various animals. At present, the structure of constructed wetlands is mainly divided into subsurface flow (including horizontal flow and vertical flow) constructed wetlands and surface flow constructed wetlands according to the way water flows. Such constructed wetlands have the following problems to be solved urgently: 1. The treatment load is low due to the simple setting of filter materials in subsurface flow wetlands and uneven water distribution; Time accumulation leads to blockage, which reduces the operational stability and service life of wetlands; 3. Plants in wetlands have a low ability to absorb phosphorus, and the removal effect of total phosphorus is not ideal; 4. The treatment effect of low temperature operation in winter is poor; 5. Wetlands are generally They are relatively shallow and occupy a large area. When the subsurface flow wetland is used for sewage purification or deep purification in the community, these adverse effects are more significant due to the small open space in the community and high water quality requirements (the effluent is often used for landscape reuse), which often leads to periodic eutrophication of landscape water , Defects such as reduced water clarity.

Contents of the invention

The technical task of the utility model is to provide an artificial ecological water purification device with high purification efficiency and good micro-ecological system aiming at the above deficiencies.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: the bottom of the ecological pool is provided with a water distribution layer one, a water distribution layer two, a biological filter layer one, a biological filter layer two and an upper floating water layer in sequence from bottom to top, A coarse sand filter area is set at the water outlet of the ecological pool; gravel with a particle size of 30-40mm is set in the first water distribution layer, and a plurality of water distribution pipes are buried in the first water distribution layer, and the side walls of each water distribution pipe are uniformly provided with plural Water distribution holes; gravel with a particle size of 15-30mm is set in the second water distribution layer; gravel with a particle size of 6-10mm is set in the first biological filter layer; coarse sand with a particle size of 3-6mm is set in the second biological filter layer; the floating water layer Partial or full water surface is provided with plant fixed net, and the coarse sand filter area is provided with 3~6mm zeolite filler layer.

The thickness of the first water distribution layer is 20~30cm, the thickness of the second water distribution layer is 15~20cm, the thickness of the first biological filter layer is 80~100cm, and the thickness of the second biological filter layer is 50~20cm. 60cm, the thickness of the floating water layer is 50-70cm, and the thickness of the coarse sand filter area is 100-120cm.

Floating leaf plants and submerged plants are planted on the second biological filter layer; emergent plants are planted on the plant fixing net.

The diameter of the water distribution hole set on the water distribution pipe is 5-7mm.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics: 1. Through the screening of the thickness of each filler layer and the particle size of the gravel and the reasonable water distribution form, the low treatment efficiency and poor water purification effect of the existing artificial wetland are solved. Stable determination; overcame the problem of system clogging caused by unreasonable particle size selection of filler, unreasonable packing structure layout, unreasonable pipe opening method, etc., and reduced the probability of filter layer and pipeline clogging. 2. The utility model is an artificial ecological water purification device invented by combining the advantages of biological filter and surface flow artificial wetland technology. The sewage is vertically percolated through the first biological filter layer and the second biological filter layer. Through the efficient degradation of pollutants by the microorganisms attached to the filter material and plant roots in the filter layer, most of the pollutants such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the water can be removed; and then through the deep purification function of the plants in the floating water layer, the quality of the effluent water can be improved. Improve the landscape effect; the final effluent passes through the coarse sand filter area to further intercept and absorb SS and total phosphorus in the wastewater to ensure the water purification effect. 3. The utility model can degrade and absorb the biofilm produced in the filter layer through the plant roots in the first biological filter layer and the second biological filter layer, delay the washing time of the filter layer, and facilitate daily maintenance and management; when the biological filter layer is attached When there are many deposits and the water permeability of the filter layer decreases, as long as the drainage gate valve of the backwash drain pipe connected to the water distribution pipe is opened, the filter material attachment can be washed away by rapid water flushing, and the water permeability of the filter layer can be restored. 4. The ornamental fish stocked through the floating water layer can form a good micro-ecological environment with the plants and microorganisms in the device through the food chain.

In a word, the utility model combines the advantages of biological filter and surface flow wetland, and uses gravel and coarse sand to form the matrix layer, which can provide a good carrier for microorganisms, provide good hydraulic conditions for sewage seepage, and provide the necessary water for the growth of aquatic plants. Substrate, high efficiency of sewage treatment, good landscape effect, convenient operation and management.

Description of drawings

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an artificial ecological water purification device.

In the figure: 1. Water distribution layer 1; 2. Water distribution layer 2; 3. Biological filter layer 1; 4. Biological filter layer 2; 5. Upper floating water layer; 6. Coarse sand filter area; ; 8. Water distribution pipe; 9. Water inlet pipe; 10. Backwash drain pipe; 11. Emergent plants; 12. Floating leaf plants; 13. Submerged plants; 14. Drainage pipe; 15. Ecological pool.

detailed description

A kind of artificial ecological water purification device of the present utility model is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing of description.

A kind of artificial ecological water purification device of the present utility model, the structure comprises that the bottom of the ecological pool 15 is sequentially provided with a water distribution layer 1, a water distribution layer 2, a biological filter layer 3, and a biological filter layer 2 4. And the upper floating water layer 5, and the coarse sand filter area 6 is set at the water outlet end of the ecological pool 15; the pool wall of the artificial ecological water purification device has an anti-seepage function. The water distribution layer 1 is provided with gravel with a particle size of 30-40mm, and a plurality of water distribution pipes 8 are buried in the water distribution layer 1, and the side walls of each water distribution pipe 8 are uniformly provided with multiple water distribution holes; the water distribution layer 2 2 is set Gravel with a particle size of 15~30mm; biofilter layer 13 is set with gravel with a particle size of 6~10mm; biofilter layer 24 is set with coarse sand with a particle size of 3~6mm; The plant fixed net 7 and the coarse sand filter area 6 are provided with a 3-6mm zeolite filler layer.

The thickness of the first water distribution layer 1 is 20-30cm, the thickness of the second water distribution layer 2 is 15-20cm, the thickness of the biological filter layer-3 is 80-100cm, and the thickness of the second biological filter layer 4 The thickness is 50-60 cm, the thickness of the floating water layer 5 is 50-70 cm, and the thickness of the coarse sand filter area 6 is 100-120 cm.

Floating leaf plants 12 and submerged plants 13 are planted on the biological filter layer 2 4; various emergent plants 11 are planted on the fixed plant net 7 in combination with landscape effects.

The diameter of the water distribution hole set on the water distribution pipe is 5-7mm.

Each packing layer of the utility model has the following functions: through the water distribution pipe 8 in the water distribution layer 1, the sewage is evenly distributed in the water distribution layer 1 and the water distribution layer 2, and the water distribution layer 2 is used to prevent the upper biological filtration The gravel and coarse sand in layer one 3 and biological filter layer two 4 are mixed into the lower water distribution layer one 1; biological filter layer one 3 and biological filter layer two 4 are used for adsorption, biodegradation and filtration of pollutants in sewage; Aquatic plants planted in the upper floating water layer 5: emergent plants 11, floating leaf plants 12 and submerged plants 13 can further degrade the pollutants in the sewage and the metabolites of the biological filter layer, and avoid particle diameters through the fixation of the roots of the aquatic plants. The smaller filter layer is directly washed by the sewage to affect the filtering effect; the coarse sand filter area 6 is used to retain the residual SS and total phosphorus in the adsorbed wastewater.

During the operation of the utility model, the pretreated sewage is transported to the water distribution pipe 8 through the water inlet pipe 9, through the water distribution holes of the water distribution pipe 8, the sewage is evenly distributed to the bottom of the ecological pool, and then passed through the water distribution layer 1, distribution The second water layer 2 , the first biological filter layer 3 , the second biological filter layer 4 and the upper floating water layer 5 are finally filtered through the coarse sand filter area 6 and discharged or reused through the drainage pipe 14 up to the standard. When the metabolites of biofilter layer one 3 and biofilter layer two 4 and the suspended matter of filtration increase, causing the resistance to increase, close the valve on the water inlet pipe 9, open the valve of the backwash drain pipe 10, and drain the water in the pool quickly. Release, and backwash the water distribution layer 1, water distribution layer 2, biological filter layer 1 3, and biological filter layer 2 4 by releasing water, and the filter layer after backwashing is regenerated, and water purification treatment can be carried out again.

The structure of the utility model combines the characteristics of the biological filter and the surface flow wetland, and has the advantages of small footprint, high purification efficiency, and good water quality; the water distribution and filling system is not easy to block; the overlying water layer is planted with diverse aquatic plants , and stocking ornamental fish can further degrade the metabolites produced in the filling area, reduce the washing intensity of the filling, improve the purification effect of the device, form a good micro-ecological system, run stably and have a long service life.

Claims (4)

1. An artificial ecological water purification device, comprising an ecological pool (15), is characterized in that: the bottom of the ecological pool (15) is sequentially provided with a water distribution layer one (1), a water distribution layer two (2 ), biological filter layer one (3), biological filter layer two (4) and the upper floating water layer (5), and a coarse sand filter area (6) is set at the water outlet of the ecological pool (15); the water distribution layer one ( 1) Set gravel with a particle size of 30~40mm, and a plurality of water distribution pipes (8) are embedded in the water distribution layer 1 (1), and a plurality of water distribution holes are uniformly arranged on the side walls of each water distribution pipe (8); the water distribution layer Two (2) set gravel with a particle size of 15~30mm; biological filter layer one (3) set gravel with a particle size of 6~10mm; biological filter layer two (4) set coarse sand with a particle size of 3~6mm; The water layer (5) is partially or completely provided with fixed plant nets (7), and the coarse sand filter area (6) is provided with a 3-6mm zeolite filler layer. 2. An artificial ecological water purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the first water distribution layer (1) is 20-30 cm, and the thickness of the second water distribution layer (2) is 15-20cm, the thickness of the biological filter layer one (3) is 80-100cm, the thickness of the biological filter layer two (4) is 50-60cm, and the thickness of the floating water layer (5) is 50-70cm , the thickness of the coarse sand filter area (6) is 100-120cm. 3. An artificial ecological water purification device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: floating leaf plants (12) and submerged plants (13) are planted on the second biological filter layer (4); Plant emergent plants (11) on the plant fixed net (7). 4. The artificial ecological water purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the water distribution hole provided on the water distribution pipe (8) is 5-7mm.