CN205615576U - Electric truck chassis assembly with drive of four -wheel wheel edge motor and four -wheel independently turn to - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric vehicle chassis assembly with four-wheel wheel side motor drive and four-wheel independent steering, comprising: a vehicle frame; a steering motor fixed on the vehicle frame; The output shaft rotates; the bogie can rotate together with the steering arm; the driving motor, the steering column, the hub rotatably connected to the steering column, and the spring damper assembly are set between the steering arm and the steering column. For supporting and damping the steering arm; the guiding mechanism is used to provide guidance for the movement of the spring shock absorber assembly. The utility model uses the wheel motor to drive the steering of the car and designs the wheel motor as a sprung mass to improve the driving quality of the car. smoothness and dynamics.

Description

Electric vehicle chassis assembly with four-wheel wheel motor drive and four-wheel independent steering

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of electric vehicles, in particular to a four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle chassis modular structure assembly driven by four-wheel wheel motors.

Background technique

With the deepening of the design concept of electric vehicles and the continuous progress of the electric drive system, engineers hope that the design of electric vehicles will gradually get rid of the thinking constraints of traditional internal combustion engine vehicle design, so there is an electric vehicle that independently drives four wheels with four motors The chassis structure is a four-wheel independent electric drive chassis. Judging from the research status at home and abroad, four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles are mainly driven by hub motors. Since the hub motor is installed inside the wheel, the unsprung mass of the car is increased, which makes the ride comfort and maneuverability of the vehicle worse. In addition, the power and torque of the hub motor are generally smaller than that of the wheel motor, and the car's power is not as good as that of the wheel motor. , and the use of wheel side motor drive, if not properly designed, will also increase the unsprung mass, and at the same time it is difficult to realize four-wheel independent drive and four-wheel independent steering at the same time from the structure.

Utility model content

One purpose of the utility model is to use the wheel motor to drive the car to turn and design the wheel motor as a sprung mass to improve the driving comfort and dynamic performance of the car.

Another purpose of the utility model is to integrate the driving, suspension and steering systems, and design a chassis modular assembly, so that the connection relationship and position of each component on the chassis are more reasonable, and the steering and driving are smoother.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model is:

The four-wheel wheel motor drives the four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle chassis assembly, including:

frame;

a steering motor fixed to the frame; and

Steering support arm, it is positioned at described vehicle frame below, and described steering support arm is connected the output shaft of described steering motor; Can rotate around the output shaft of described steering motor;

a bogie, which is fixedly connected to the steering arm and can rotate together with the steering arm;

a driving motor, which is fixed on the bogie and provides rotational power for the wheels;

a steering column, the hub is rotatably connected to the steering column, the steering column has a through hole, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the through hole to connect to the hub;

A spring damper assembly, which is arranged between the steering bracket arm and the steering column, for supporting and damping;

The guide mechanism is arranged parallel to the spring shock absorber assembly, and is arranged between the steering support arm and the steering column, and is used to guide the movement of the spring shock absorber assembly.

Preferably, the frame also includes:

main frame; and

An upper mounting plate, which is fixedly arranged on the main body frame, and the steering motor is fixedly installed on the upper mounting plate;

a lower mounting plate, which is fixedly arranged on the main body frame, and the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate form a closed shell with a through hole;

Steering shaft, one end of which passes through the housing and connects to the output shaft of the steering motor; the other end is fixed on the steering arm;

Two self-aligning bearings, which are sleeved on the steering shaft and located between the steering shaft and the side wall of the through hole, are used to accommodate the angular deviation between the output shaft of the steering motor and the steering shaft;

Thrust ball bearings are arranged between the two self-aligning bearings and are used to bear axial loads.

Preferably, the bogie is characterized in that the bogie is two parallel triangular frames, one end of the triangular frame is fixed on the steering arm, and the lowest side of the triangular frame is fixed to the drive motor.

Preferably, the guide mechanism includes a guide rail, the top of which is fixed to the bottom of the steering bracket, the bottom of the guide rail is connected to the steering column through a linear bearing, and the guide rail can slide relative to the steering column.

Preferably, the lower end of the spring damper assembly is fixed on the steering column through a ball joint, and the upper end is fixed on the steering bracket through a shock absorber lug.

Preferably, a braking mechanism is also included, comprising:

The brake disc is fixedly arranged on the hub and can rotate with the wheel;

The brake caliper is fixed on the steering column, and the brake caliper can clamp the brake disc to slow down or stop the vehicle.

Beneficial effects described in the utility model

1. The chassis assembly of the four-wheel wheel-side motor driven four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle provided by the utility model is designed with an independent drive/independent steering modular structure to realize the modular installation of the electric vehicle chassis. Compared with internal combustion engine vehicles and general electric vehicles, The efficiency of assembly has been greatly improved. Compared with the hub motor, the wheel motor drive has improved the vehicle dynamics. The wheel motor is designed as a sprung mass through the bogie, which ensures the ride comfort and handling stability of the electric vehicle.

2. The utility model adopts wheel side motors to drive four-wheel independent steering, which can realize multiple steering modes to adapt to driving on various special road sections, especially suitable for narrow road sections or warehouses.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle chassis assembly driven by four-wheel wheel side motors according to the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle chassis assembly driven by four-wheel wheel side motors according to the utility model.

Fig. 3 is an axonometric view of the chassis assembly of the four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle driven by the four-wheel wheel side motor described in the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the steering installation system described in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism described in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the front wheel steering mode described in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the rear wheel steering mode described in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the four-wheel steering mode described in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the oblique travel mode described in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the traverse mode described in the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the in-situ steering mode described in the present invention.

detailed description

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it by referring to the description.

As shown in Figure 1-3, the four-wheel wheel side motor provided by the utility model drives the four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle chassis assembly, including: steering motor 110, bogie 200, steering column 210, guide mechanism 300, spring shock absorber Device assembly 400 and vehicle frame 800.

Wherein, the tire 130 and the rim 140 are installed together, and the rim 140 and the hub 150 are connected together by four bolts;

The steering motor 110 is bolted to the vehicle frame through a flange, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the bogie 200 through the flange;

The steering bracket 610 is located under the vehicle frame 800 . The steering bracket drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the steering motor 110 . When the steering motor 110 rotates, the steering bracket 610 can be driven to rotate.

The bogie 200, which is fixedly connected to the steering bracket 610, is arranged at the bottom of the frame and inside the wheel, capable of bearing axial and radial loads, and preventing the steering mechanism from being stuck during slight deformation of the frame;

As shown in Figure 5, the steering column 210 is installed on the wheel hub 150 through two bearings with interference; that is, the wheel hub 150 is rotatably connected to the steering column 210, and the steering column 210 includes a through hole arranged in the center and two inner holes. side linear bearings;

A spring shock absorber assembly 400, which is arranged between the steering column 210 and the bogie frame 200, and is used for supporting and damping the steering bracket arm;

The guide mechanism 300, which is arranged parallel to the spring damper assembly, is arranged between the steering bracket arm and the steering column, and is used to guide the movement of the spring damper assembly, and one end of it is rigidly fixed on the bogie 200 bottom, the other end is fixed on the steering column 210;

The driving motor 500, which is an electric motor, is arranged at the bottom of the bogie 200 and inside the wheel hub 150, and is connected to the transmission shaft 520 through a reducer. frame rear portion; the output shaft of the drive motor 500 passes through the through hole located at the center of the steering column to connect to the hub to provide rotational power for the wheels.

The inner ball cage 510 cooperates with the output shaft of the drive motor 500 through splines; wherein, the transmission shaft 520 is suspended between the inner ball cage 510 and the hub 150 .

As shown in Figure 4, the main frame; and the steering mounting system include:

The upper mounting plate 620 is fixedly arranged on the main body frame, and the steering motor 110 is fixedly installed on the upper on the mounting plate 620;

The lower mounting plate 630 is fixedly arranged on the main frame, and the upper mounting plate 620 and the lower mounting plate 630 form a closed housing with a through hole;

Steering shaft 100, one end of which passes through the housing and connects to the output shaft of steering motor 110; the other end is fixed on the steering bracket arm 610;

Two self-aligning bearings 640, which are sleeved on the steering shaft 100 and located between the steering shaft 100 and the side wall of the through hole, are used to accommodate the angular deviation between the output shaft of the steering motor 110 and the steering shaft 100;

Thrust ball bearing 660, which is arranged between two self-aligning bearings, is used to bear axial load.

Wherein, the steering motor 110 is connected with the mounting plate 620 on the vehicle frame through the motor mounting plate 112, the mounting plate 620 on the vehicle frame is welded together with the vehicle frame, the output shaft of the steering motor 110 is connected with the steering shaft 100 through the flat key 113, and the steering shaft passes through The self-aligning bearing 640, the load-bearing gasket 670, the thrust ball bearing 660 are connected with the bearing sleeve 650, the bearing sleeve 650 is connected with the lower mounting plate 630 of the vehicle frame by bolts, and the lower mounting plate 630 of the vehicle frame is welded with the vehicle frame.

The bogie 200 is two parallel triangular frames, one end of the triangular frame is fixed on the steering bracket 610 , and the lowest side of the triangular frame is fixed to the drive motor 500 .

As shown in Figure 5, a linear bearing 211 is arranged in the steering column 210 to prevent the guide mechanism 300 from being stuck. Sliding, the upper end of the spring shock absorber assembly 400 is fixed on the bogie through the installation lug 410 , and the lower end is connected with the steering column 210 through the fixed lug 420 .

In another embodiment, a brake mechanism is also included, including: a brake disc 710, which is fixedly arranged on the hub 150 and can rotate with the wheel;

The brake caliper 720 is fixed on the steering column 210 and the top of the brake disc 710. The brake caliper 720 can clamp the brake disc to slow down or stop the vehicle.

In another embodiment, it also includes a steering mode control module, which is connected to the steering motor 110 for controlling the rotation angle of the steering motor 110, and can control the electric vehicle to realize the front wheel steering mode, the rear wheel steering mode, the four-wheel steering mode, the oblique One of row mode, spot steering mode and sideways mode.

Implementation Take the working process of the four-wheel independent steering electric vehicle chassis assembly driven by the four-wheel wheel motor as an example to make further explanations.

First of all, when the car needs to turn, the angular displacement sensor collects the steering wheel angle information, and after the controller processes it, the steering motor 110 is turned to a certain angle, and the torque is transmitted through the steering installation system to drive the steering shaft 100 to drive the steering arm 610 and the bogie 200 rotates, the guide mechanism 300 is fixed below the bogie 200 and is arranged on the steering column 210, so the bogie 200 and the steering column 210 rotate with the bogie 200, and the steering column 210 is installed on the wheel hub 150 through bearing interference, The wheels swing and steer with the hub 150, the steering motor 110 is set independently, and a steering motor is arranged on the top of each wheel, so the independent steering of the four wheels can be realized by controlling the steering angle of each wheel, and multiple steering modes can be realized. Including: front-wheel steering mode, rear-wheel steering mode, four-wheel steering mode, oblique mode, spot steering mode, transverse mode and reverse mode.

As shown in Figure 6, the front wheel steering mode: when the car needs to turn, the two front wheels are driven by the steering motor to turn through different angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ respectively, and the axes of the two rear wheels are in a straight line with the body frame. It is hoped that the intersection point of the extension lines of the two axles of the front wheels can always fall on the extension line of the rear axle, so that the entire body can rotate around the steering center of the body, so as to satisfy Ackerman's theorem, so that the four wheels can form pure rolling with the ground , to reduce tire wear.

As shown in Figure 7, the rear wheel steering mode: when the car needs to turn, the two rear wheels turn through different angles θ ₃ and θ ₄ respectively under the drive of the steering motor, and the axes of the two front wheels form a straight line with the body frame. It is hoped that the intersection point of the extension lines of the two axles of the rear wheels can always fall on the extension line of the axles of the two front wheels, so that the whole body can rotate around the steering center of the body, so as to satisfy Ackermann's theorem, so that the four wheels can be in contact with the ground. Pure rolling to reduce tire wear.

As shown in Figure 8, four-wheel steering mode: when the car needs to turn, the four wheels of the electric car are driven by the steering motor to turn through different angles θ ₁ , θ ₂ , θ ₃ , θ ₄ , theoretically it is expected that four The extension lines of the wheel axles along the steering side can intersect at one point, so that the entire body can rotate around the steering center of the body to meet Ackermann's theorem, so that the four wheels can form pure rolling with the ground to reduce tire wear.

As shown in Figure 9, in another embodiment, it also includes the oblique travel mode, the four wheels of the electric vehicle are respectively driven by the steering motor through the same angle θ ₁ =θ ₂ =θ ₃ =θ ₄ , and the vehicle rolls along the Drive in the same direction to realize oblique travel.

As shown in Fig. 10, in another embodiment, the traverse mode is also included, and the four wheels of the electric vehicle are respectively driven by the steering motor to turn through the same angle, that is, θ ₁ =θ ₂ =θ ₃ =θ ₄ =90° , the car travels along the rolling direction and laterally.

As shown in Figure 11, in another embodiment, it also includes the in-situ steering mode. When the car needs to turn, the four wheels of the electric car are driven by the steering motor to turn through a certain angle. In theory, it is desired to adjust θ ₁ = θ ₄ = 45°, θ ₂ = θ ₃ = -45°, the extension lines of the four wheel axles along the steering side can intersect at one point, which is the steering center of the vehicle body, that is, the center of mass of the vehicle body, to achieve in-situ rotation.

Although the embodiment of the present utility model has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the description and the implementation, and it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present utility model. For those familiar with the art, Further modifications can be readily effected, so the invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. An electric vehicle chassis assembly with four-wheel wheel motor drive and four-wheel independent steering, characterized in that it includes: frame; a steering motor fixed to the frame; and Steering support arm, which is located under the vehicle frame, the steering support arm is connected to the output shaft of the steering motor; it can rotate around the output shaft of the steering motor; a bogie, which is fixedly connected to the steering arm and can rotate together with the steering arm; a driving motor, which is fixed on the bogie and provides rotational power for the wheels; a steering column, the hub is rotatably connected to the steering column, the steering column has a through hole, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the through hole to connect to the hub; A spring damper assembly, which is arranged between the steering bracket arm and the steering column, for supporting and damping; The guide mechanism is arranged parallel to the spring shock absorber assembly, and is arranged between the steering support arm and the steering column, and is used to guide the movement of the spring shock absorber assembly. 2. According to claim 1, there is an electric vehicle chassis assembly driven by four-wheel wheel motors and four-wheel independent steering, wherein the vehicle frame also includes: main frame; and An upper mounting plate, which is fixedly arranged on the main body frame, and the steering motor is fixedly installed on the upper mounting plate; a lower mounting plate, which is fixedly arranged on the main body frame, and the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate form a closed shell with a through hole; Steering shaft, one end of which passes through the housing and connects to the output shaft of the steering motor; the other end is fixed on the steering arm; Two self-aligning bearings, which are sleeved on the steering shaft and located between the steering shaft and the side wall of the through hole, are used to accommodate the angular deviation between the output shaft of the steering motor and the steering shaft; Thrust ball bearings are arranged between the two self-aligning bearings and are used to bear axial loads. 3. The electric vehicle chassis assembly with four-wheel wheel edge motor drive and four-wheel independent steering according to claim 1, wherein the bogie is two parallel triangular frames, and one end of the triangular frame is fixed On the steering arm, the lowest side of the triangular frame fixes the driving motor. 4. According to claim 3, the electric vehicle chassis assembly with four-wheel wheel motor drive and four-wheel independent steering is characterized in that, the guide mechanism includes a guide rail, the top of which is fixed on the bottom of the steering arm, so The bottom of the guide rail is connected to the steering column through a linear bearing, and the guide rail can slide relative to the steering column. 5. According to claim 1 or 2, the electric vehicle chassis assembly with four-wheel wheel motor drive and four-wheel independent steering is characterized in that, the lower end of the spring shock absorber assembly is fixed on the steering wheel through a ball joint. On the column, the upper end is fixed on the steering bracket arm through the shock absorber lug. 6. According to any one of claims 1-4, the electric vehicle chassis assembly with four-wheel wheel motor drive and four-wheel independent steering is characterized in that it also includes a braking mechanism, which includes: The brake disc is fixedly arranged on the hub and can rotate with the wheel; The brake caliper is fixed on the steering column, and the brake caliper can clamp the brake disc to slow down or stop the vehicle.