CN205596968U - Orchard is automatic to target air supplying type spraying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic target-targeting air-supply sprayer for orchards, comprising an automatic target-targeting control system, a spray system, an air-delivery system, a transmission system and a frame; the automatic target-targeting control system includes an ultrasonic sensor, a solenoid valve, an optocoupler Isolation relay module, step-down module, wireless WiFi module, single-chip microcomputer, battery pack and Android mobile phone application; spray system includes medicine box, plunger pump, spray bar, medicine pipe and fan-shaped nozzle; transmission system includes spline shaft, gasoline engine pulley , plunger pump pulley, drive shaft pulley I, drive shaft, drive shaft pulley II, centrifugal fan pulley, centrifugal fan shaft; air delivery system includes centrifugal fan, air distributor, guide pipe, fan-shaped air outlet; Android mobile phone application Send control commands to the microcontroller through wireless WiFi. The utility model can improve the working efficiency of fruit growers, reduce the waste of pesticides, and can also reduce the labor intensity of fruit growers and save production costs.

Description

Orchard automatic target air sprayer

technical field

The utility model relates to an automatic target-targeting air-supply sprayer for orchards, in particular to a spray device for low fruit trees.

Background technique

Plant protection operation is an important link in the process of fruit tree planting. In the process of fruit tree production management, spraying chemical pesticides for pest control is still the main control method. At present, in my country, manual sprayers, high-pressure sprayers, electric high-pressure sprayers, stretcher-type sprayers, pedal-type hand-pressure sprayers and other pesticide application equipment are mainly used for the prevention and control of fruit tree diseases and insect pests. The pollution is serious, the work efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, the pesticide application effect is poor, and a large amount of pesticides are lost in the form of loss and drift, which has caused great harm to environmental safety and personal safety.

In China, the research on orchard plant protection machinery mainly focuses on the orchard air-supply sprayer. Shandong Agricultural University, China Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University and other units have developed the orchard air-supply sprayer, and the liquid stirring, fan Techniques such as parameter optimization and automatic target alignment were studied.

In foreign countries, the research on orchard plant protection machinery is mainly concentrated in developed countries in Europe and the United States. They mostly use diversion-type orchard air-supply sprayers and traditional orchard air-supply sprayers equipped with axial flow fans as the main body. With continuous improvement and continuous innovation of sprayer technology, new sprayers such as multi-duct directional air-supply sprayer, circulation sprayer and automatic target sprayer are getting more and more attention.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides an automatic target-targeting air-conveyed sprayer for orchards. It can improve the work efficiency, reduce the waste of pesticides, and can also greatly reduce the labor intensity of fruit farmers and save production costs.

An orchard automatic target-targeting air-supply sprayer, comprising an automatic target-targeting control system, a spray system, an air-supply system, a transmission system and a frame;

Described automatic target control system comprises ultrasonic sensor, electromagnetic valve, optocoupler isolation relay module, step-down module, wireless WiFi module, single-chip microcomputer, storage battery pack and Android mobile phone application program; The signal line of ultrasonic sensor and the ADC module on the single-chip microcomputer The pins are connected; the single-chip microcomputer collects and processes the ultrasonic sensor signal and controls the action of the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve and the fan-shaped nozzle are installed in series on the drug pipe; the ultrasonic sensors are symmetrically installed on the spray bars on both sides, and one ultrasonic sensor is installed on one side of each electromagnetic valve. There is one 24V power supply and two 12V power supplies on the battery pack. The positive pole of the 24V power supply and the positive pole of one of the 12V power supplies are connected in parallel to the action terminal of the optocoupler isolation relay module; the positive pole and negative pole of the other 12V power supply are connected to the step-down module, which steps down the 12V power supply to 5V, and the step-down The output end of the module is connected to the power input end of the single-chip microcomputer module to supply power to the single-chip microcomputer. The signal line of the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the GPIO pin responsible for ADC signal acquisition in the microcontroller; the signal input terminal of the optocoupler isolation relay module is connected to the GPIO pin responsible for controlling the action of the solenoid valve and the power supply control of the ultrasonic sensor on the microcontroller; the wireless WiFi module is connected to the The GPIO pin connection responsible for communication in the microcontroller. The solenoid valve, the ultrasonic sensor, the step-down module, the wireless WiFi module, the single-chip microcomputer module and the battery pack have a common negative pole.

The spraying system includes a medicine box, a plunger pump, a spray rod, a medicine pipe and a fan-shaped spray head, and the spray rods are installed on both sides of the front end of the frame, and the medicine pipes are installed on the spray rods on both sides. The low-pressure liquid inlet of the plunger pump is connected to the medicine box through a pipeline, and its high-pressure liquid outlet is respectively connected to the medicine pipes on the left and right sides through a high-pressure pipeline. It is divided into two parts, which are transported to the drug tubes on the left and right sides respectively; nozzles are evenly installed on the drug tubes. When working, the liquid medicine in the medicine box enters the plunger pump through the low-pressure pipeline, and the plunger pump pressurizes the liquid medicine under the drive of the gasoline engine. The pipeline, and then through the tee, the liquid medicine is delivered to the medicine pipes on the left and right sides of the spray rods, and the liquid is supplied to the high-pressure nozzles directly connected to the medicine pipes.

The transmission system comprises a spline shaft, a gasoline engine pulley, a plunger pump pulley, a transmission shaft pulley I, a transmission shaft, a transmission shaft pulley II, a centrifugal fan pulley, and a centrifugal fan shaft; The shaft pulley I is connected, the drive shaft pulley II is coaxial with the drive shaft pulley I, and the drive shaft pulley II is connected to the centrifugal fan pulley through two V-shaped V-belts; the plunger pump pulley is connected to the gasoline engine pulley through a V-shaped V-belt. The plunger pump is powered by the gasoline engine; when the gasoline engine is working, it provides power for the air delivery system and drives the centrifugal fan to rotate.

The air supply system includes a centrifugal fan, an air distributor, a guide pipe, and a fan-shaped air outlet; Each fan-shaped air outlet corresponds to a nozzle. When working, the centrifugal fan brakes, and the pressurized air flow is blown out from the outlet of the centrifugal fan, and blows to the air distributor above the outlet of the centrifugal fan. The air distributor sets the outlet according to the number of nozzles, and distributes the airflow to each nozzle. The distributed air flows out from the outlet of the air distributor and enters the guide tube, and the air flows to the fan-shaped air outlet under the guidance of the guide tube, and finally flows out from the fan-shaped air outlet to perform secondary mist on the liquid sprayed by the high-pressure nozzle. change.

The Android mobile phone application is the upper computer of the orchard automatic target air-supply sprayer control system. This program can be installed on any mobile phone. The mobile phone is connected to the wireless WiFi module to generate a WiFi signal. Send control commands to the microcontroller.

When the utility model performs automatic target work, the mobile phone is first connected to the WiFi signal generated by the WiFi module, and then the Android mobile phone application program is run to set the upper limit value D _max and the lower limit value D _min of the effective detection range of the ultrasonic sensor, and select the operation mode. Click "Start", the control command is transmitted to the MCU via WiFi, and the MCU receives the command. The single-chip microcomputer controls whether to spray or not by processing the data detected by the sensor: if the data detected by the ultrasonic sensor satisfies the formula (3), the fan-shaped nozzle is sprayed on the target by controlling the opening of the solenoid valve; otherwise, the solenoid valve is closed to stop spraying. When spraying, the gasoline engine drives the plunger pump to work, absorbs the liquid medicine from the medicine tank and provides high-pressure liquid medicine for the nozzle through the pipeline, the gasoline engine drives the centrifugal fan to rotate through the power transmission of the transmission system, and the airflow delivered by the fan passes through the distribution of the distributor. To the fan-shaped air outlet, the sprayed liquid medicine is atomized for the second time.

Advantages of the utility model

1. The design of automatic target spray control system improves the adaptability of the whole machine to different environments. Through the detection of ultrasonic sensors, the detected effective plants are automatically sprayed, avoiding the waste of liquid medicine caused by ineffective spraying. Improve the accuracy and pertinence of spraying. The application of wireless WiFi technology is the first application on plant protection machinery, which avoids the complexity of equipment system wiring.

2. Increase the amount of medicine accepted by the plant, make the medicine liquid distribute more evenly, reduce the waste of medicine liquid, and effectively protect the environment. With the assistance of the airflow, the liquid sprayed by the high-pressure nozzle is atomized twice to form finer droplets, which are forcibly blown to the target object. At the same time, the leaves of the plants are continuously turned under the drive of the airflow, so that the back, surface, and top and bottom of the leaves of the crops can be evenly fogged, which not only increases the amount of pesticides received by the plants, but also improves the permeability of fog droplets and the utilization rate of pesticides. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the whole machine of the orchard automatic target air-supply sprayer;

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the air distributor and fan-shaped air outlet of the orchard automatic target air-supply sprayer;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the rotation of the orchard automatic target air-driven sprayer;

In the figure: 1. Wheel, 2. Battery box, 3. Piston pump, 4. Medicine box, 5. Solenoid valve, 6. Air distributor, 7. Ultrasonic sensor, 8. Centrifugal fan, 9. High pressure pipeline, 10. frame, 11. gasoline engine, 12. fan-shaped air outlet, 13. guide pipe, 14. fan-shaped nozzle, 15. plunger pump pulley, 16. gasoline engine pulley, 17. drive shaft pulley 1, 18. drive shaft, 19. Transmission shaft pulley II, 20. Centrifugal fan pulley, 21. Centrifugal fan air outlet.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the gasoline engine 11 can be selected from Kemil CP-170F, and its output shaft rotates to drive the plunger pump pulley 14, the belt, the drive shaft pulley I17, the drive shaft pulley II 19, and the centrifugal fan pulley 20. The transmission system works to provide power for the plunger pump, drives the plunger pump (3WZB-16W) to rotate, absorbs the liquid medicine from the medicine box 4, and delivers the high-pressure liquid medicine to the solenoid valves and valves on both sides through the high-pressure pipeline and the tee. Spray head 5 realizes the delivery of liquid medicine; Rotational power drives centrifugal fan 8 to rotate through the transmission system that gasoline engine output shaft pulley 16, belt, transmission shaft pulley I 17, transmission shaft 18, transmission shaft pulley II 19, centrifugal blower pulley 20 form, The airflow enters from the air inlet of the centrifugal fan 8, and through the action of the airflow distributor 6, the airflow is divided into six parts, and then transported by the guide tube 13, the airflow is divided into the fan-shaped air outlet 12, and the medicine output by the fan-shaped nozzle 14 is divided into six parts. The liquid is subjected to secondary atomization.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the spray rod part of the orchard automatic target air-supply sprayer;

In this embodiment, the mobile phone is used as the upper computer; the Android mobile phone application program can formulate different operation modes according to the actual plant protection operation of the orchard, and the automatic target-targeting air-driven sprayer operation of the orchard can be controlled through the Android mobile phone application program.

The mobile phone enters the IP address, remote port number and local port number to connect with the microcontroller via WiFi. Set the upper limit value D _max and lower limit value D _min of the effective detection range of the ultrasonic sensor. After clicking "Start", the ultrasonic sensor 7 starts to work powered by the battery. The single-chip microcomputer continuously collects the data X detected by the ultrasonic sensor and processes and judges X.

When performing automatic target spraying, plant protection workers set the effective distance of ultrasonic sensor detection through the Android mobile phone application. The setting method is as follows: according to the actual row distance H between fruit trees, set the upper limit value D _max and lower limit value D _min of the effective detection range of the ultrasonic sensor:

_Dmax ＝H/2……………………………………………(1)

In the formula: H is the actual line spacing

D _max is the upper limit of the effective detection range of the ultrasonic sensor; D _max = H/2;

_Dmin ＝( _HAmax )/2…………………………………(2)

In the formula: A _max is the maximum tree crown diameter in the row of fruit trees where the sprayer is traveling

D _min is the minimum value of the effective detection range of the ultrasonic sensor, D _min = D _max - A _max /2

If the ultrasonic detection data X satisfies

D _min <X<D _max …………………………………………(3)

If X satisfies the formula (3), the single-chip microcomputer sends a signal to the solenoid valve 5, and the solenoid valve 5 is opened, and the liquid medicine in the high-pressure pipeline passes through the solenoid valve and the nozzle 5, and sprays the liquid medicine on the target. If X does not satisfy the formula (3), the single-chip microcomputer sends a signal to the solenoid valve 5, the solenoid valve 5 is closed, and the fan-shaped nozzle 14 stops spraying the liquid medicine. In this way, real-time spraying of effective targets can be achieved through real-time detection of ultrasonic sensors, avoiding ineffective spraying and waste of liquid medicine, and realizing accurate spraying of medicines on targets.

Claims (1)

1. an orchard automatic target detection air-assisted type spraying machine, it is characterised in that include automatic target detection control system, Spraying system, blast system, drive system and frame；

Described automatic target detection control system includes ultrasonic sensor, electromagnetic valve, light-coupled isolation relay mould Block, voltage reduction module, wireless WiFi module, single-chip microcomputer, accumulator battery and Android mobile phone application program；Ultrasonic The holding wire of wave sensor is connected with the ADC pin on single-chip microcomputer；Single-chip microcomputer collection processes ultrasound wave Sensor signal also controls electromagnetic valve action；Described electromagnetic valve and Fan spray head are installed in series on pencil； Described ultrasonic sensor is symmetrically mounted on the spray boom of both sides, and each electromagnetic valve side installation one is ultrasonic Wave sensor；Accumulator battery Shang You mono-road 24V power supply and two-way 12V power supply；Wherein a road 24V power supply is just The positive pole of pole and wherein a road 12V power supply is parallel-connected to the motion end of light-coupled isolation relay module；Another Road 12V positive source is connected with voltage reduction module with negative pole, and 12V power voltage step down is processed as 5V by voltage reduction module, Voltage reduction module outfan connects the power input of one-chip computer module, powers to single-chip microcomputer；Ultrasonic sensor Holding wire with in single-chip microcomputer be responsible for ADC signal gather GPIO pin be connected；Light-coupled isolation relay mould It is responsible for controlling electromagnetic valve action and ultrasonic sensor power supply control on the signal input part of block and single-chip microcomputer GPIO pin connects；Wireless WiFi module is connected with the GPIO pin being responsible for communication in single-chip microcomputer；Electromagnetism Valve, ultrasonic sensor, voltage reduction module, wireless WiFi module, one-chip computer module and accumulator battery have altogether Same negative pole；

Described spraying system includes medicine-chest, plunger displacement pump, spray boom, pencil and Fan spray head；Frame front end two Side is separately installed with spray boom, and pencil is arranged on the spray boom of both sides；Plunger displacement pump low pressure inlet passes through pipeline and medicine Case connects, and its high pressure liquid outlet is connected with the pencil of the left and right sides respectively by pressure duct, pressure duct On equipped with threeway, the medicinal liquid from plunger displacement pump is divided into two parts, is delivered to the pencil of the left and right sides respectively； Shower nozzle is uniformly installed on pencil；During work, the medicinal liquid in medicine-chest enters plunger displacement pump, post by low pressure line Medicinal liquid is pressurizeed under the drive of gasoline engine by plug pump, and medicinal liquid is after plunger displacement pump pressurizes, from high pressure liquid outlet Entrance pressure duct, and then by threeway, medicinal liquid is delivered to the pencil of left and right sides spray boom, for straight with pencil The high-pressure nozzle feed flow connect in succession；

Described drive system includes splined shaft, gasoline engine belt wheel, plunger displacement pump belt pulley, power transmission shaft belt Wheel I, power transmission shaft, power transmission shaft belt pulley II, centrifugal blower belt pulley, centrifugal blower axle；Gasoline engine belt is taken turns It is connected with power transmission shaft belt pulley I by two V-type V-belts, power transmission shaft belt pulley II and power transmission shaft belt pulley I is coaxial, and power transmission shaft belt pulley II is connected with centrifugal blower belt pulley by two V-type V-belts；Plunger displacement pump Belt pulley is connected with gasoline engine belt wheel by a V-type V-belt, and plunger displacement pump obtains under the drive of gasoline engine Obtain power；There is provided power when gasoline engine works for blast system, drive centrifugal blower to rotate；

Described blast system includes centrifugal blower, air-flow distributor, mozzle, fan-shaped air outlet；Centrifugal Fan outlet connects air-flow distributor, and the outlet of air-flow distributor connects mozzle, and the mozzle other end is even Being connected to fan-shaped air outlet, each fan-shaped air outlet correspondence installs a shower nozzle；During work, centrifugal blower is braked, Air draught after pressurization blows out from centrifugal fan air outlet, blows to the air-flow above centrifugal fan air outlet and divides Orchestration, air-flow distributor arranges outlet according to shower nozzle number, by airflow diversion to each shower nozzle；After the allocated Air-flow exit into mozzle from the outlet of air-flow distributor, air-flow flows under the guide effect of mozzle Fan-shaped air outlet, finally flows out from fan-shaped air outlet, and the medicinal liquid of high-pressure nozzle ejection is carried out secondary-atomizing；

Described Android mobile phone application program is arranged in Android mobile phone, and mobile phone connects wireless WiFi module and produces WiFi signal, Android mobile phone application program sends control instruction by wireless WiFi to single-chip microcomputer.