CN205559700U - Two -way automatic speed changing drive mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a two -way automatic speed changing drive mechanism belongs to mechanical technical field. It has solved the current short -lived problem of automatic shift differential motor. This two -way automatic speed changing drive mechanism includes the casing, clutch and equal main shaft and the countershaft of axial fixity in the casing, the interior ring sum outer loop of clutch links to each other with countershaft and main shaft respectively, the clutch is in the state of skidding at the main shaft around rotated counter -clockwise, circumference is fixed with the linkage cover on the countershaft, the spiro union has the scroll cover on the main shaft, it has the connecting piece that is cyclic annular just ability drive linkage cover and follows the reciprocal translation of axial of countershaft to overlap on the scroll cover, the setting element that the connecting piece both ends were equipped with the steel ball respectively and fixed with the scroll cover, be equipped with the connecting hole that is used for holding the steel ball on the scroll cover, and be equipped with in the connecting hole and make the spring of connecting piece clamp between steel ball and setting element, it enables both at the link gear of main shaft around the rotated counter -clockwise linkage to be equipped with between outer loop and the linkage cover. This two -way automatic speed changing drive mechanism has longe -lived advantage.

Description

A kind of bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism

Technical field

This utility model belongs to field of mechanical technique, relates to a kind of drive mechanism, particularly A kind of bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism.

Background technology

Brushless hub electric motor that at present electro-tricycle, electric automobile are used and brushless differential Motor and series machine are commonplace, in these three motor, consider in designing due to them Speed and the reasonable of the two factor of load that electro-tricycle, electric automobile run equalize, The most in use there is the shortcoming in terms of climbing and speed, and starting current be big, Reduce the service life of accumulator, cause amplification and the energy waste using power of motor, And load, speed, the demand of climbing can not meet.

For this situation, it has been realized that this deficiency, and carried out improvement, as A kind of automatic gear-shifting differential speed motor disclosed in Chinese patent storehouse [application number: 201410431948.2；Application publication number: CN 104184255 A], include driving motor, Variator, variator includes casing, main shaft, driven shaft, connects respectively at the two ends of main shaft Connect driving motor and clutch, main shaft is provided with one grade of driving gear, and is set with two Shelves driving gear, one grade that is respectively arranged with two driving gear engagements on driven shaft driven Gear and two grades of driven gears, and it is provided with output gear, on output gear and differential mechanism Differential gear engages, and first speed driven gear is arranged on driven shaft by unilateral bearing；Clutch Device realizes the switching of gear according to the rotating speed height of main shaft: during the main shaft slow-speed of revolution, clutch Centrifugal film and two grades of driving gears separate, and drive one grade of master on driven by motor main shaft and main shaft Moving gear rotates, one grade of driving gear and first speed driven gear engaged transmission, drives driven shaft On output gear and differential gear engaged transmission drive differential mechanism outwards to export power；Main shaft During high rotating speed, the centrifugal film of clutch and two grades of driving gears combine, two grades of driving gears with Two grades of driven gear engaged transmission drive driven shaft to rotate, the output gear on driven shaft and difference Speed meshed transmission gear drives differential mechanism outwards to export power；On described driven shaft one grade from The side of moving gear is provided with screw-casing, and screw-casing is provided with helical tooth, screw-casing overcoat Equipped with the first astern wheel, the internal tooth of the first astern wheel is ratcheting with helical tooth, the first astern wheel It is provided with the first reversing tooth on one side, output gear side is provided with the second astern wheel, It is provided with on side relative with the first reversing tooth on the first astern wheel on second astern wheel With the second reversing tooth of the first reversing tooth make-up, outside the first astern wheel, it is set with driving card Spring, drives the other end of jump ring to be slidably connected with cabinet wall.

Above-mentioned shifting differential motor realizes the merit of automatic gear-shifting by the change of motor speed And realization reversing can be coordinated by the screw-casing arranged, the first astern wheel, the second astern wheel Action, well solve above-mentioned problem.But this shifting differential motor still exists one Individual problem: the first astern wheel is slidably connected by jump ring and cabinet wall and realizes falling with second Wheel coordinates, but in the course of the work, there is sliding friction between jump ring and casing always, Causing under long-time use, jump ring easily weares and teares, and makes screw-casing freely to move up and down, Whole car-backing function is caused to realize.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to there are the problems referred to above for existing technology, it is proposed that A kind of bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism of life-span length.

The purpose of this utility model can be realized by following technical proposal: one is two-way certainly Dynamic variable transmission mechanism, including housing, clutch and the master being all axially fixed in housing Axle and countershaft, the internal ring of described clutch is connected with countershaft and main shaft respectively with outer shroud, And clutch is in slipping state at main shaft in time rotating counterclockwise, it is characterised in that institute On the countershaft stated, circumference is fixed with linkage set, and described main shaft is bolted with screw-casing, and It is cased with on screw-casing in the form of a ring and linkage set can be driven along the company of the reciprocal axial translation of countershaft Fitting, described connector be respectively arranged at two ends with steel ball and the location fixing with screw-casing Part, described screw-casing is provided with the connecting hole for accommodating steel ball, and sets in connecting hole There are the spring making connector be sandwiched between steel ball and keeper, described outer shroud and linkage set Between be provided with the link gear that both can be made to link in time rotating counterclockwise at main shaft.

This bidirectional automatic gear shifting device also includes motor and differential mechanism, wherein, motor and main shaft It is connected, and differential mechanism is connected with countershaft by gear-driven mode.During main axis, Screw-casing can be followed main shaft at the beginning and be rotated together, makes to be formed between connector and steel ball to rub Wipe resistance, and under the effect of this frictional resistance, make screw-casing turn together from following main shaft Dynamic state is switched to moving axially along main shaft.

This drive mechanism is mainly loaded in electro-tricycle, electric automobile and uses, and Whole work process is broadly divided into the two state that moves forward and backward.During advance, motor Drive main shaft rotates clockwise, and drives countershaft to rotate counterclockwise under the effect of clutch, And export power by differential mechanism, now, screw-casing moves downward；During retrogressing, motor Driving spindle axis counterclockwise rotation, screw-casing moves upward, and moves upward with band follower link, Thus drive linkage to put and move and make under the effect of link gear linkage set and clutch Outer shroud combine linkage, now, the power side of motor through clutch outer shroud, screw-casing, Countershaft, differential mechanism export power.

This drive mechanism obtains to drive spiral by the slip between steel ball and connector Overlap along main shaft power in axial sliding, and steel ball is moving with the form rolled always, from And effectively reduce the friction between steel ball and connector, to reduce the abrasion of steel ball, then Improve the life-span of this drive mechanism.

In above-mentioned bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, described countershaft is fixed with two Individual locating part two, two locating parts two are positioned at along the axial distribution of countershaft, described linkage set Between two locating parts two, and this linkage set can offset with two locating parts two respectively.

By arranging two locating parts two, preferable position-limiting action is played in the movement to screw-casing, To be prevented effectively from linkage set with other for realizing the parts generation of this drive mechanism function Collision, improves the service life of this drive mechanism further.

In above-mentioned bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, described main shaft is fixed with two Individual locating part one, two locating parts one are positioned at along the axial distribution of main shaft, described screw-casing Between two locating parts one, and this screw-casing can offset with two locating parts one respectively.

By arranging two locating parts one, preferable position-limiting action is played in the movement to screw-casing, To avoid screw-casing to touch for the parts realizing this drive mechanism function with other Hit, thus improve the service life of this drive mechanism.

In above-mentioned bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, described locating part one is jump ring Or pad；Described locating part two is jump ring or pad.

Use above-mentioned structure, there is simple in construction, advantage easy for installation.

In above-mentioned bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, on the end face of described connector It is provided with annular groove, and the cross section semicircular in shape of annular groove, the two of described spring End offsets with connecting hole inwall and steel ball respectively, and under the action of the spring, described steel The side of ball and the inwall tight abutment of annular groove.

By arranging annular groove, steel ball is played preferable positioning action, make connector and Relatively stable friction is formed between steel ball, steady to be effectively improved the work of this drive mechanism Qualitative.

In above-mentioned bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, described connector includes in U Shape and with countershaft just to clicking section, the lateral wall of described linkage set is provided with in the form of a ring Stopper slot, described clicking section is inserted in stopper slot.

Clicking section is inserted in stopper slot, can increase connecing when clicking section offsets with linkage set Contacting surface is amassed, and enables clicking section stably to drive linkage set mobile, improves this driver The job stability of structure.

In above-mentioned bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, described link gear includes connection The socket being correspondingly arranged on the limiting section protruded in column on dynamic set end face and outer shroud, described Limiting section at least two and along linkage set circumference uniform, the quantity of described socket And position one_to_one corresponding identical with limiting section, described limiting section can be plugged in inserting of correspondence In mouthful.

During retrogressing, linkage is enclosed within moving axially and making limit along countershaft under the effect of connector Position portion is inserted in socket, and now clutch outer shroud can drive linkage set rotate and finally lead to Cross differential mechanism output power, there is simple in construction, advantage that job stability is high.

Alternatively, in above-mentioned bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, described Link gear include being enclosed within countershaft and the ring electromagnet fixing with linkage set, described Outer shroud be made up of permeability magnetic material, and electric magnet can offset with outer shroud.

Compared with prior art, this bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism passes through steel ball and connection Slip between part obtain to drive screw-casing along main shaft power in axial sliding, and steel Ball is moving with the form rolled always, thus effectively reduces between steel ball and connector Friction, to reduce the abrasion of steel ball, improves the life-span of this drive mechanism then.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism.

Fig. 2 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram in Fig. 1 at A.

Fig. 3 is the plan structure schematic diagram of connector.

In figure, 1, housing；2, clutch；2a, internal ring；2b, outer shroud；2b 1, insert Mouthful；3, main shaft；4, countershaft；5, linkage set；5a, stopper slot；5b, limiting section； 6, screw-casing；6a, connecting hole；7, connector；7a, annular groove；7b, stir Portion；8, steel ball；9, spring；10, differential mechanism；11, ring is connected；12, external splines Set；13, outer housing；14, centrifugal-block；15, extension spring；16, keeper；17, spacing Part one；18, locating part two；19, little gear.

Detailed description of the invention

The following is specific embodiment of the utility model and combine accompanying drawing, to this utility model Technical scheme be further described, but this utility model is not limited to these embodiments.

Embodiment one

As it is shown in figure 1, this bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism by housing 1, clutch 2, Main shaft 3, countershaft 4, linkage set 5, screw-casing 6, connector 7, steel ball 8, spring 9, Differential mechanism 10 grade forms.Wherein, a kind of double disclosed in differential mechanism 10 and Chinese patent storehouse To automatic speed change motor transmission mechanism [application number: 201320760985.9；Authorization Notice No.: CN 203548812 U] in involved differential mechanism identical.

Specifically, main shaft 3 is vertically arranged in housing 1, and up and down the two of main shaft 3 End all can be relative to housing 1 week by bearing and housing 1 axial restraint, i.e. main shaft 3 To rotation.Housing 1 be provided with main shaft 3 on rectify to through hole, with power supply machine export The installation of axle.Countershaft 4 is vertically provided with in housing 1, and the two ends up and down of countershaft 4 are equal It also is able to relative to housing 1 circumference by bearing and housing 1 axial restraint, i.e. countershaft 4 Rotate.Differential mechanism 10 is located in housing 1, and countershaft 4 is positioned at differential mechanism 10 and main shaft 3 Between, and countershaft 4 is connected with differential mechanism 10 by gear-driven mode.

As it is shown in figure 1, main shaft 3 lower end is cased with connecting ring 11 and external splines set 12 respectively, And connect ring 11 between external splines set 12 and the bearing being in downside.Wherein, even T-Ring 11 is connected with main shaft 3 by spline, and by being positioned at connection ring 11 two ends and equal Axial limiting is carried out, to guarantee that main shaft 3 can be stably with two fixing pads of main shaft 3 The band ring 11 that is dynamically connected rotates；External splines set 12 is also by being positioned at its two ends and equal and main shaft 3 two fixing pads carry out axial limiting, and this external splines set 12 is by gear-driven Mode is connected with countershaft 4.Being cased with outer housing 13 on external splines set 12, outer housing 13 upper end leads to Cross spline to be connected with external splines set 12, and outer housing 13 lower end is enclosed within connection ring 11.Outward Cover 13 carries out axial limiting by bearing and pad.Connect and be fixed with pin on ring 11, It is provided with centrifugal-block 14 in outer housing 13 and two ends are connected with housing 1 and centrifugal-block 14 respectively Extension spring 15, and above-mentioned centrifugal-block 14 is loaded on pin.In the present embodiment, from Heart block 14 at least two pieces and be evenly distributed, the quantity of pin and extension spring 15 all with from Heart block 14 is identical and the equal one_to_one corresponding in position.

As it is shown in figure 1, screw-casing 6 is enclosed within the middle part of main shaft 3, and this screw-casing 6 passes through Threaded mode is connected with main shaft 3.Linkage set 5 is enclosed within countershaft 4, and this connection Dynamic set 5 is circumferentially fixed with countershaft 4, i.e. linkage set 5 can move axially relative to countershaft 4. In the present embodiment, linkage set 5 is connected with countershaft 4 by spline.Connector 7 is in ring Shape is also enclosed within screw-casing 6, and connector 7 can drive linkage set 5 along countershaft 4 Reciprocal axial translation.

Specifically, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, screw-casing 6 is provided with and connector 7 Just to connecting hole 6a, connecting hole 6a be positioned on the downside of connector 7 and this connecting hole 6a is Blind hole.It is further fixed on keeper 16 on screw-casing 6, and keeper 16 is positioned at connector 7 Upside.Being provided with steel ball 8 and spring 9 in connecting hole 6a, wherein, the two ends of spring 9 are divided The not diapire with steel ball 8 and connecting hole 6a offsets, and under the effect of spring 9, connects Part 7 is sandwiched between keeper 16 and steel ball 8, and the most now, the two ends of connector 7 are respectively Offset with keeper 16 and steel ball 8.In the present embodiment, keeper 16 be torsion spring or Pad is all possible.Steel ball 8 at least two and uniform along the circumference of connector 7, Spring 9 and the quantity of connecting hole 6a is identical and position one_to_one corresponding with steel ball 8.Further Illustrating, the end face of connector 7 is provided with the annular groove 7a of cross section semicircular in shape, and Under the effect of spring 9, the side of steel ball 8 and the inwall tight abutment of annular groove 7a.

As shown in figures 1 and 3, connector 7 includes the clicking section 7b taken the shape of the letter U, and stirs Portion 7b is horizontally disposed and the most right with countershaft 4.The lateral wall of linkage set 5 is provided with Stopper slot 5a in the form of a ring, and clicking section 7b is inserted in stopper slot 5a, to realize linkage Set 5 can be followed connector 7 and be moved up and down together.Natural, use and " have on connector 7 There are two horizontally disposed clamping parts, and linkage set 5 is between two clamping parts " This technical scheme is capable of linkage set 5 equally and follows connector 7 and move up and down together Purpose.

Further illustrate, as shown in figures 1 and 3, main shaft 3 is fixed with two spacing Part 1, and two locating parts 1 are along the axial distribution of main shaft 3.Screw-casing 6 is positioned at Between two locating parts 1, and during main shaft 3 rotates, screw-casing 6 can be distinguished Offset with two locating parts 1, so that screw-casing 6 is played preferable position-limiting action.Such as figure Shown in 1, countershaft 4 is fixed with two locating parts 2 18, and two locating parts 2 18 are along secondary The axial distribution of axle 4.Linkage set 5 is between two locating parts 2 18, and this linkage set 5 can offset with two locating parts 2 18 respectively, play preferably with the movement to linkage set 5 Position-limiting action.In the present embodiment, locating part 1 is all possible for jump ring or pad； Locating part 2 18 is the most all possible for jump ring or pad.

As it is shown in figure 1, clutch 2 is enclosed within countershaft 4 upper end, and in the present embodiment, Clutch 2 is roller-type one way clutch.This clutch 2 includes internal ring 2a and outer shroud 2b, wherein, the upper end of main shaft 3 is fixed with little gear 19, and outer shroud 2b passes through gear The mode of transmission is connected with main shaft 3；The internal ring 2a of clutch 2 fixes with countershaft 4, and Clutch 2 is in slipping state at main shaft 3 in time rotating counterclockwise.

Linkage set 5 is on the downside of outer shroud 2b, and is provided with between outer shroud 2b and linkage set 5 The link gear that both link in time rotating counterclockwise can be made at main shaft 3.At the present embodiment In, as it is shown in figure 1, link gear includes the limit protruded on linkage set 5 end faces in column The socket 2b1 being correspondingly arranged on position portion 5b and outer shroud 2b.Wherein, limiting section 5b is at least There are two and uniform along the circumference of linkage set 5, the quantity of socket 2b1 and limiting section 5b Identical and position one_to_one corresponding.During linkage set 5 slip, each limiting section 5b All can be plugged in the socket 2b1 of correspondence.

This drive mechanism is mainly loaded in electro-tricycle, electric automobile and uses, peace During dress, motor is connected with main shaft 3 upper end, the back axle phase of differential mechanism 10 and electro-tricycle Even.Whole work process is broadly divided into advances at a slow speed, advances at utmost speed and retreat these three State, and particular state is as follows: advance at a slow speed: driven by motor main shaft 3 rotates clockwise, And drive outer shroud 2b to rotate in the counterclockwise direction by little gear 19, make internal ring 2a with outer Ring 2b is in bonding state and transfers power on countershaft 4, and now countershaft 4 passes through tooth The mode of wheel transmission transfers power on differential mechanism 10 to export power；At main shaft 3 During rotation, screw-casing 6 can be followed main shaft 3 at the beginning and be rotated together, makes connection Frictional resistance is formed between part 7 and steel ball 8, and under the effect of this frictional resistance, spiral shell Rotation set 6 can from follow the state that main shaft 3 rotates together be switched to along main shaft 3 the most also Down move to offset with locating part 1；Advance at utmost speed: driven by motor main shaft 3 up time Pin rotates, and is dynamically connected ring 11 high-speed rotation with band, orders about centrifugal-block 14 and overcome extension spring 15 Elastic force move and make outer housing 13 and connect ring 11 to combine, now, outside power passes sequentially through Cover 13, external splines set 12, countershaft 4 are also exported power by differential mechanism 10, and at this During, owing to the internal ring 2a rotating speed being connected with countershaft 4 is too fast, make internal ring 2a with outer Roller between ring 2b produces centrifugal force and finally makes internal ring 2a and outer shroud 2b be separated, To avoid little gear 19 to impact advancing at utmost speed；Retreat: driven by motor main shaft 3 Rotating counterclockwise, now, internal ring 2a and outer shroud 2b is in released state；Screw-casing 6 Moving in upper shifting band follower link 7, then connector 7 drives and moves on linkage set 5 and make Limiting section 5b is inserted in socket 2b1, and now, outer shroud 2b i.e. can drive 5 turns of linkage set Dynamic, thus drive countershaft 4 to rotate and exported power by differential mechanism 10.

Embodiment two

The present embodiment two is essentially identical, differently with structure and the principle of embodiment one Side is: link gear includes the annular electro being enclosed within countershaft 4 and fixing with linkage set 5 Magnet, outer shroud 2b is made up of permeability magnetic material, and electric magnet can offset with outer shroud 2b.

Specific embodiment described herein is only for example to this utility model spirit Explanation.This utility model person of ordinary skill in the field can be to described concrete Embodiment is made various amendment or supplements or use similar mode to substitute, but not Spirit of the present utility model can be deviateed or surmount model defined in appended claims Enclose.

Claims (6)

1. a bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism, including housing (1), clutch (2) The main shaft (3) being all axially fixed in housing (1) and countershaft (4), described from The internal ring (2a) of clutch (2) and outer shroud (2b) respectively with countershaft (4) and main shaft (3) It is connected, and clutch (2) is in slipping state at main shaft (3) in time rotating counterclockwise, It is characterized in that, the upper circumference of described countershaft (4) is fixed with linkage set (5), described Be bolted with on main shaft (3) on screw-casing (6), and screw-casing (6) be cased with in the form of a ring and Linkage can be driven to overlap (5) connector (7) along the reciprocal axial translation of countershaft (4), Described connector (7) be respectively arranged at two ends with steel ball (8) and solid with screw-casing (6) Fixed keeper (16), described screw-casing (6) is provided with for accommodating steel ball (8) Connecting hole (6a), and be provided with in connecting hole (6a) and make connector (7) be sandwiched in steel ball (8) spring (9) and between keeper (16), described outer shroud (2b) and linkage set (5) linkage that both can be made to link in time rotating counterclockwise at main shaft (3) it is provided with between Mechanism.

Bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism the most according to claim 1, its feature exists In, described countershaft (4) is fixed with two locating parts two (18), two locating parts two (18) Along the axial distribution of countershaft (4), described linkage set (5) is positioned at two locating parts two (18) Between, and this linkage set (5) can offset with two locating parts two (18) respectively.

Bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is special Levy and be, described main shaft (3) is fixed with two locating parts one (17), two locating parts One (17) along the axial distribution of main shaft (3), and it is spacing that described screw-casing (6) is positioned at two Between part one (17), and this screw-casing (6) can offset with two locating parts one (17) respectively.

Bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is special Levying and be, the end face of described connector (7) is provided with annular groove (7a), and ring The cross section semicircular in shape of connected in star (7a), the two ends of described spring (9) respectively with Connecting hole (6a) inwall and steel ball (8) offset, and under the effect of spring (9), The side of described steel ball (8) and the inwall tight abutment of annular groove (7a).

Bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is special Levy and be, described connector (7) include taking the shape of the letter U and with countershaft (4) just to dial Dynamic portion (7b), the lateral wall of described linkage set (5) is provided with stopper slot in the form of a ring (5a), described clicking section (7b) is inserted in stopper slot (5a).

Bidirectional automatic gear shifting drive mechanism the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is special Levying and be, described link gear includes the limit protruded on linkage set (5) end face in column The socket (2b1) being correspondingly arranged in position portion (5b) and outer shroud (2b), described is spacing Portion (5b) at least two and uniform, the described socket (2b1) of circumference along linkage set (5) Quantity and limiting section (5b) be identical and position one_to_one corresponding, described limiting section (5b) Can be plugged in the socket (2b1) of correspondence.