CN205557223U - Ventilation pipe - thermal -insulated compound roadbed structure of ventilation piece cooling - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ventilation pipe the compound roadbed structure that the piece cooling of ventilating was insulated against heat, road bed including laying on natural earth's surface bankets its characterized in that: the crisscross piece layer that ventilates of stacking during the road bed bankets, ventilate the piece layer a top along perpendicular road bed move towards equidistant and lay with external communicating ventilation pipe, the one end or the automatic control by temperature change air door of both ends installation of this ventilation pipe, insulation material has been laid to the top of ventilation pipe. The utility model discloses an innovation of heat convection structure for the one -way heat transfer process in cold season is changed into to the heat transfer process of road bed, and heat exchange layer's power, cooling efficiency improve at double, and regulation and control engineering effect is showing to be improved. When improving frozen soil roadbed stability, the outstanding frozen soil highway that solves builds a difficult problem, guarantees the long -term safe of frozen soil engineering and stable by a wide margin.

Description

A kind of composite road bed structure of ventilation duct-ventilation block cooling and insulating

Technical field

This utility model relates to frozen soil engineering technical field, particularly relates to answering of a kind of ventilation duct-ventilation block cooling and insulating Close road structure.

Background technology

Frozen soil refers to have subzero temperature and the soil body containing ice and rock, about 2,150,000 squares of public affairs of China's permafrost distribution area In, account for the 22% of area, account for third place in the world, be mainly distributed on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, northeast Xing'anling mountains and Tianshan Mountains, Ah The areas such as your Mount Taishan.Along with the continuous quickening of national economic development, constantly build various means of transportation at these Special section, as The country such as Qinghai-Tibet Highway, Qinghai-Tibet Railway major project.But due to ice and do not freeze the existence of water in frozen soil, and it is to temperature Extremely sensitive, and the reason such as highway engineering construction and global warming can cause the rising of frozen soils temperature so that roadbed produces and melts Heavy disease, the stability of serious harm Permafrost Area road.The most how to safeguard the stability of Permafrost Area road foundation, Thus treatment in accordance with local conditions ground uses technical measures, to reach correctly to carry out subgrade construction to be particularly important.

For resolving Frozen soil problems, it is ensured that the safety and stability of Permafrost Area road, scientific research personnel proposes master for many years Dynamic cooling roadbed, total thinking of protection of permafrost, and have devised a series of cooling measure according to this thinking.The most modal For pipe-massive stone layer roadbed, ventilation pipe foundation etc., these measures are driven mainly by the high low border temperature difference under in dead season roadbed Dynamic natural convection effect reduces the purpose of frozen soils temperature and protection of permafrost.But wherein there is also many problems, such as block Metalling roadbed there is also internal natural porosity and do not reaches heat convection requirement, causes internal convection heat exchanger efficiency uneven One, affect cooling-down effect；And it is used alone ventilation duct cooling, owing to slowing down in the flowing of ventilation duct tail air, cause cooling Overall the weakening of effect, and the Roadbed Soil incoming bottom frozen soil that heat cannot be stoped to pass through between ventilation duct.So block rubble The existing measures such as layer, ventilation pipe foundation still can not fundamentally meet needs.

" a kind of perforated ventilation pipe-pipe-massive stone layer cooling and insulating composite road application in broad width road " (Lai Yuanming, Dong Yuan Grand, Zhang Mingyi. China, 201010133544.7) ventilated embankment is made that improvement.Although certain cold insulation, heat insulation can be played Effect, but remain in many deficiencies.First, the natural environment of Qinghai-Tibet Platean desertification, regular dust storm condition, can make The dust storm of nature is entered in block stone layer by the hole on ventilation duct, in continuous cumulative process, progressively causes whole heat exchange The forfeiture of layer usefulness；Secondly as the restriction of field condition, execution conditions, the natural porosity often leading to block stone layer reaches not To heat convection requirement, cause the decline of heat exchanger efficiency, it is difficult to reach requirement of lowering the temperature；3rd, the most key, ventilation duct pipe Mouthful do not close, and the strong heat exchanged mechanism of perforated ventilation pipe and block stone layer, warm season heat can be made to rapidly enter heat exchange layer In, cause the quick rising of overall roadbed temperature, thus, not only will not play cooling effect, roadbed temperature may be caused on the contrary The rising of degree, thus cause the aggravation of the internal unfreezing of roadbed, it is likely to result in the generation of secondary roadbed freeze thawing disease.

" reinforced ventilating heat-proof foundation " (Li Guoyu, Li Ning, Niu Fujun. China, 200710017288.3) although ventilating The mouth of pipe is mounted with auto temperature controlled system, but due to the defect of overall construction design, causes overall construction intensity to decline and block Weakening of rock layers cooling-down effect.First, the hole on ventilation duct can cause ventilation duct mechanical strength to reduce, and easily damages；Secondly, Owing to ventilation duct is placed in bottommost, at warm season, owing to the proportion of warm air is relatively light, can be entered in roadbed by the hole of tube wall Portion, and rise in block stone layer, convection current and heat exchange, quickly rise the bulk temperature of elevated formation level, simultaneously as ventilation duct closer to The bottom of roadbed, its variations in temperature is the most quick on the impact of roadbed bulk temperature；3rd, due to cold air in winter proportion relatively Greatly, the cold air in ventilation duct is difficult to be entered in upper mass rock layers by the hole of tube wall, it is difficult to carry out convection current and heat exchange, from And it is difficult to the effect effectively reaching to cool down roadbed.Therefore, this kind of technology is difficult to effectively play the purpose of regulation subgrade ground temperature.

Therefore, in the face of building the actual requirement of engineering of highways at different levels in Permafrost Area, in the face of ground temperature is overall, uniformly, have The particular/special requirement of effect regulation and control, constantly carries out technological innovation, progress, is the critical path solving engineering roadblock.

Utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model be to provide a kind of guarantee frozen earth roadbed long-time stability ventilation duct- The composite road bed structure of ventilation block cooling and insulating.

For solving the problems referred to above, the composite road base junction of a kind of ventilation duct described in the utility model-ventilation block cooling and insulating Structure, including the Roadbed Soil being laid on natural surface, it is characterised in that: staggered stacking ventilation block layer in described Roadbed Soil； The top of described ventilation block layer is equidistantly laid along vertical road-trend and the extraneous ventilation duct communicated, one end of this ventilation duct or Automatic temperature-controlled air door is installed at two ends；Described ventilation duct overlaid with insulation material.

A diameter of 0.3 ~ 0.8 m of described ventilation duct, adjacent tubes axis spacing is 1 ~ 5 times of caliber, and ventilation duct distance of shaft centers is liftoff Table height is 0.5 ~ 1.5m.

The thickness of described ventilation block layer is 0.3 ~ 1.5m, and both sides are closed in institute by the soil layer that thickness is 0.5m ~ 2.0m State among Roadbed Soil.

Ventilation block in described ventilation block layer refers to the length of side or a diameter of 0.2 ~ 0.5m, wall thickness is 10 ~ 30cm and middle part has There are square or the cylinder concrete hollow block of hollow passageway.

The thickness of described insulation material is 10 ~ 50cm, and it buries height underground away from described ventilation duct top 0.0 ~ 1.0 m.

The temperature controlling range of described automatic temperature-controlled air door is-5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C.

This utility model compared with prior art has the advantage that

1, the radical change of heat convection structure, the significantly improving of heat exchange power.

In the past in block stone layer the size of block stone mix, unordered stacking, cause the heat convection channel sized in block stone layer not One, tortuous path, bottom surface, block stone layer top are difficult to direct heat convection so that heat exchanger efficiency is had a greatly reduced quality.And this practicality is new Type is by ventilation block mutual relation and the adjustment of structure in the block-shaped improvement of prefabricated ventilation, layer so that its internal convection heat exchange Channel sized is homogeneous, pathway patency, can directly carry out hollow block layer end face, the heat convection of bottom surface, owing to air is the most right Flow Velocity, the increase of flow, and the radical change of heat exchange interface, all make the heat exchange power of hollow block layer significantly, become multiplication Add.

2, the radical change of heat transfer process.

This utility model changes conventional correlation technique and simply focuses on structural change, ignores cold season, warm season roadbed heat convection The process impact on roadbed entirety controlling performance, by ventilation duct temperature control air door according to environmental change, cold season automatically turns on, warm season The mode being automatically switched off, the overall heat exchange process of Effective Regulation roadbed.Thus by two-way to conventional art entirety roadbed cold season, warm season The process of heat exchange, radical change is the unidirectional heat transfer process of cold season, by effectively stoping the intrusion of warm season heat so that winter Cold energy the most constantly accumulates the inside to roadbed.

3, cooling the significantly improving of usefulness, the significantly improving of regulating effect.

First, in terms of cooling usefulness raising, (1) this utility model is due to heat convection structure, the changing of working condition at all Become so that hollow block heat exchange power significantly improves, provide key foundation for entirety cooling usefulness；(2) this utility model is whole to roadbed The radical change of body heat transfer process, controls the change of roadbed entirety ground temperature from direction.Therefore, by crucial to the two, The radical change of important step so that cooling usefulness of the present utility model significantly improves；Secondly, in terms of ground temperature regulating effect, This utility model is due to the air flow passage of the distinctive smoothness of hollow block so that overall ground temperature can be rapidly achieved overall fall Temperature, the effect of uniform decrease in temperature, so that the change procedure of ground temperature is smooth, uniform, preferably reach the regulation and control of high-grade highway ground temperature Overall cooling, the requirement of uniform decrease in temperature.

4, being greatly improved of frozen earth roadbed stability.

Firstly, since the significantly cooling on frozen soil basis makes frozen soil strength significantly improve, cause embankment load ability, control Subgrade deformation ability is greatly improved；Secondly as this utility model is to the stationarity of Temperature Field, symmetric cooling characteristic, energy It is prevented effectively from the uneven secondary disease that may cause of Temperature Field, increases the stability of roadbed further；3rd, due to ground temperature Significantly reduce so that the thaw depth of 0 DEG C of line of warm season is greatly decreased, thus greatly eliminate owing to frost heave, thaw collapse problem are formed Engineering disease.

5, a difficult problem built by the prominent highway that solves.

Owing to the demand of frozen soil highway intensity significantly improves, it is more strict, all to frozen soil work that engineering specification requires Journey control technique proposes requirements at the higher level.And prior art is difficult to meet the technology requirement that engineering is built, particularly highway is complete Width is built, overall build, the technology requirement under the conditions of the ultra-wide of road surface.This utility model is due to distinctive internal structure and heat exchange side Formula, prominent ground temperature controlling performance, excellent engineering cooling-down effect, while fully meeting engineering requirements, it is also possible to Reply Future Climate environment completely rises the adverse effect that gentle permafrost degradation is caused, and thereby guarantees that the long-term safety of frozen soil engineering With stable.

Therefore, this utility model can be effectively reduced highway subgrade bottom frozen soils temperature, lifting frozen soil upper limit, it is ensured that frozen soil The long-time stability of roadbed.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is schematic cross-sectional view of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is schematic longitudinal section of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is this utility model one ventilation block schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is this utility model another kind ventilation block schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is the roadbed ground temperature result of prior art construction.

Fig. 6 is the roadbed ground temperature result using the construction of this utility model technology.

In figure: 1 Roadbed Soil 2 insulation material 3 ventilation duct 4 ventilates block layer 5 natural surface 6 automatic temperature-controlled air doors.

Detailed description of the invention

As shown in Figure 1 and 2, the composite road bed structure of a kind of ventilation duct-ventilation block cooling and insulating, including being laid on natively Roadbed Soil 1 on table 5.Staggered stacking ventilation block layer 4 in Roadbed Soil 1；The top of ventilation block layer 4 is along vertical road-trend etc. Spacing lays the ventilation duct 3 communicated with the external world, and automatic temperature-controlled air door 6 is installed in the one or both ends of this ventilation duct 3；Ventilation duct 3 Overlaid with insulation material 2.

Wherein:

A diameter of 0.3 ~ 0.8 m of ventilation duct 3, adjacent tubes axis spacing is 1 ~ 5 times of caliber, and ventilation duct 3 distance of shaft centers is from earth's surface It is highly 0.5 ~ 1.5m.

The thickness of ventilation block layer 4 is 0.3 ~ 1.5m, and both sides are closed in roadbed by the soil layer that thickness is 0.5m ~ 2.0m and fill out Among soil 1.Ventilation block in ventilation block layer 4 refers to the length of side or a diameter of 0.2 ~ 0.5m, wall thickness is 10 ~ 30cm and middle part has sky The square of heart passage or cylinder concrete hollow block (seeing Fig. 3, Fig. 4).

Insulation material 2 refers to one or several combinations in polystyrene board, polyurethane sheet, injection polystyrene board, Its thickness is 10 ~ 50cm, and it buries height underground away from ventilation duct 3 top 0.0 ~ 1.0 m.

The temperature controlling range of automatic temperature-controlled air door 6 is-5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C.Can change according to ambient air temperature and time, automatically open Open or close.Close higher than controlling temperature damper, open less than controlling temperature damper.

Utility model works principle:

This insulation material, ventilation block and the ventilation pipe foundation containing automatic temperature-controlled air door of being provided with is from convection current and conduction of heat Two aspects carry out comprehensive regulation, and its work process is:

Under winter low temperature environmental condition, the automatic temperature-controlled air door 6 of ventilation duct 3 automatically opens up, and roadbed ventilates with extraneous passing through Pipe 3 carries out heat convection, lowers the temperature the soil body around ventilation duct 3.Meanwhile, because there is width in the ventilation block in roadbed , under the driving of roadbed upper and lower temperature difference, there is bigger air in hollow block layer certainly in spacious, regular, orderly air flow passage So convection current, thus causes the direct heat convection of hollow block layer end face, bottom surface, the most constantly conducts heat to ventilation duct 3 wall Face, be substantially improved the heat exchanger efficiency of overall ventilation duct-ventilation block layer, it is achieved that roadbed is carried out entirety, uniformly, temperature with high efficiency Purpose.Under warm season high ambient conditions, the automatic temperature-controlled air door 6 of ventilation duct 3 is automatically switched off, and thus stops roadbed to change with extraneous Heat, effectively stops the intrusion of warm season heat；Secondly as the heat of highway warm season is mainly derived from the heat absorption of dark-coloured pavement, protect Adiabator 2 effectively prevents the biography down of top heat.The most at utmost save the cold energy of accumulation in winter and by frozen soils temperature Maintain relatively low level.

Thus, this utility model passes through intensified ventilation pipe 3 and the composite cooling usefulness of ventilation block, and utilizes insulation material 2 Realize thermal resistance cool storage function, it is achieved that roadbed bottom frozen soil is carried out entirety, plane formula cooling, improves frozen soil upper limit, prevent Frozen earth roadbed generation road surface differential settlement class disaster problem.

The concrete application example of this utility model 1:

(1) filling roadbed on the natural surface 5 of compacting banket 1, first in Roadbed Soil 1 at natural surface 520cm Regular stacking thickness is the ventilation block layer 4 of 0.6m, and ventilation block layer 4 is to be had hollow passageway by the middle part of a size of 0.3m Square concrete hollow block forms, and secondly arranges the horizontal ventilation pipe 3 vertical with road-trend on ventilation block layer 4 top, logical A diameter of 0.6 m of airduct 3, the spacing between adjacent ventilation duct 3 central axis is 2 m.

(2) the two ends mouth of pipe at ventilation duct 3 installs automatic temperature-controlled air door 6, and the critical temperature value of automatic temperature-controlled air door switch is 0℃。

(3) laying pomphus layer 4 between adjacent ventilation duct 3, this layer thickness is 0.6 m, and position is concordant with ventilation duct 3.

(4) lay the thick XPS warming plate 2 of 10 cm at ventilation duct 3 upper level.

For verifying the controlling performance of this utility model road structure, in conjunction with above-mentioned road structure, at High Temperature Permafrost district environment Under the conditions of this utility model road structure and prior art (ventilation duct insulation material is composite road bed) have been carried out numerical simulation meter Calculate and contrast.From result of calculation, this utility model relatively conventional art has prominent advance.Wherein:

The most effectively promote the holding force intensity of frozen soil foundation, it is ensured that the long-time stability that highway is frozen earth roadbed.Frozen earth roadbed Sedimentation and deformation is relevant with frozen soil upper limit, as seen in Figure 6, the Maximum thawing depth of 0 DEG C of the present utility model generally within The bottom of ventilation block layer, does not has the frozen-thaw process of the soil body substantially bottom roadbed；Secondly, compared with Fig. 5,0 DEG C of temperature line end face Width is effectively widened, and correspondingly, roadbed key position stress Temperature Field obtains radical change, and embankment load effect is whole Undertaken by frozen soil layer, effectively increased subgrade rating so that the entirety required by the construction of the highway of Frozen Ground Area, uniform temperature Field is effectively realized.

The most prominent cooling usefulness.By comparison diagram 5, Fig. 6, it can be seen that by application of the present utility model, road 0 DEG C, base bottom contour is significantly higher than existing compound temperature control road structure, in highway subgrade internal notable lifting on frozen soil Limit, and significantly reduce the temperature of roadbed bottom frozen soil, as shown in Figure 5, after using this utility model road structure, road Base bottom occurs in that the region of large-area-2 DEG C, and these low-temperature regions are more beneficial for protecting the mechanical stability of roadbed, and Can persistently reduce roadbed temperature.

(3) it is effectively improved the distribution of frozen earth roadbed Temperature Field.By changing the cooling method of conventional regulation measure, fundamentally Solve a build difficult problem for Frozen Ground Area highway.From Fig. 5, Fig. 6 it can be seen that with prior art along the ventilation duct linearly side of cooling Formula is entirely different, and this utility model is to the roadbed bottom soil body in overall, uniform, symmetrical expression cooling, and 0 DEG C of contour is compared existing Compound temperature control road structure is more smooth and more symmetrical relative to roadbed, and elimination roadbed is drawn by this due to Temperature Field out-of-flatness The road surface inhomogeneous deformation risen, reaches the standard of frozen earth roadbed planarization.

(4) can tackle following various adverse effect.This utility model all technical is substantially improved, and is counted by simulation Calculating, can meet that engineering construction caused by the natural environment that the Frozen Ground Areas such as following Qinghai-Tibet Platean are continually changing completely is unfavorable Impact, it is ensured that roadbed steady in a long-term.

Claims (6)

1. a composite road bed structure for ventilation duct-ventilation block cooling and insulating, fills out including the roadbed being laid on natural surface (5) Soil (1), it is characterised in that: staggered stacking ventilation block layer (4) in described Roadbed Soil (1)；The edge, top of described ventilation block layer (4) Vertical road-trend equidistantly lays the ventilation duct (3) communicated with the external world, and automatic warm is installed in the one or both ends of this ventilation duct (3) Control air door (6)；Described ventilation duct (3) overlaid with insulation material (2).

The composite road bed structure of a kind of ventilation duct the most as claimed in claim 1-ventilation block cooling and insulating, it is characterised in that: institute Stating a diameter of 0.3 ~ 0.8 m of ventilation duct (3), adjacent tubes axis spacing is 1 ~ 5 times of caliber, and ventilation duct (3) distance of shaft centers is high from earth's surface Degree is 0.5 ~ 1.5m.

The composite road bed structure of a kind of ventilation duct the most as claimed in claim 1-ventilation block cooling and insulating, it is characterised in that: institute The thickness stating ventilation block layer (4) is 0.3 ~ 1.5m, and both sides are closed in described roadbed by the soil layer that thickness is 0.5m ~ 2.0m and fill out Among soil (1).

The composite road bed structure of a kind of ventilation duct the most as claimed in claim 1-ventilation block cooling and insulating, it is characterised in that: institute State the ventilation block in ventilation block layer (4) and refer to that the length of side or a diameter of 0.2 ~ 0.5m, wall thickness are 10 ~ 30cm and middle part has hollow logical The square in road or cylinder concrete hollow block.

The composite road bed structure of a kind of ventilation duct the most as claimed in claim 1-ventilation block cooling and insulating, it is characterised in that: institute The thickness stating insulation material (2) is 10 ~ 50cm, and it buries height underground away from described ventilation duct (3) top 0.0 ~ 1.0 m.

The composite road bed structure of a kind of ventilation duct the most as claimed in claim 1-ventilation block cooling and insulating, it is characterised in that: institute The temperature controlling range stating automatic temperature-controlled air door (6) is-5 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C.