CN205545039U - Novel electrical mining locomotive PWM copped wave timing control ware - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel electrical mining locomotive PWM copped wave timing control ware, comprising an one -chip microcomputer, the singlechip is connected with power supply and motor, the singlechip with be equipped with LCD module and keyboard between the power supply, the singlechip with be equipped with the sensor between the motor, the motor is connected with steering switch, the motor with be equipped with control circuit and IGBT control module between the steering switch, control circuit respectively with steering switch and IGBT control module link to each other, control circuit with be equipped with the speed governing module between the singlechip, the utility model discloses a switching -over problem of motor can the accommodate motor rotational speed can be solved again in novel H bridge IGBT control circuit design, and the system adopts single chip microcomputer control, and ligand in HCPL -316J's IGBT drive circuit solves the various protect function of circuit to the display module is added, electric locomotive's safe and reliable operation can be guaranteed better.

Description

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller

Technical field

This utility model relates to controller field, particularly relates to a kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller.

Background technology

For a long time, storage battery mining electric locomotive uses serial-resistance speed-regulation control technology, i.e. starts at electric locomotive During, the voltage drop produced by the series resistance in its stator winding circuit, thus reduce the voltage of stator winding, Reach to reduce the purpose of starting current.But the advantage of this mode of speed regulation is maintenance, operation is the most relatively simple and holds Easily left-hand seat, and the strongest to the adaptation ability of environment, can be in severe regional work.Its shortcoming is speed regulation process ten Point unsmooth, start that impact is big, power consumption is big, use mechanical braking will delay of response, operation is clumsy, mechanical wear is big, dimension Repair frequent, maintenance cost height, and the shaft gear and direct current generator to electric locomotive has stronger mechanical shock, and it has Substantial amounts of power consumption, on resistance, generates heat, and wastes the resource of preciousness.

Along with the appearance of the development of electronic device, particularly IGCT, people begin one's study to come by the method for chopper speed control Solving the speed governing problem of direct-current electric locomotive, namely thyristor chopper speed regulating method, is i.e. to utilize thyristor control pole to trigger The characteristic composition dc chopper of conducting controls startup and the speed governing of motor.It is understood that dc motor can be by changing it Terminal voltage realizes speed governing.Silicon controlled rectifier pulse speed governing is exactly to be changed the average voltage added with motor two ends to realize by dc chopper Speed governing.The control mode of chopper speed control generally has three kinds: fixed frequency modulated PWM, fixed width frequency modulation and modulating frequency and width.Fixed frequency modulated PWM refers to The operating frequency constant of dc chopper, the time that main thyristor turns on every time is adjustable.Fixed width frequency modulation refers to DC chopped-wave The time that device main thyristor turns on every time is constant, but operating frequency is adjustable.Modulating frequency and width refers to dc chopper The ON time of operating frequency and main thyristor is all adjustable.When the operating frequency of dc chopper is fixed, direct current drive The meansigma methods of set end voltage increases with the lengthening of the ON time of main thyristor with shortening, subtracts；Equally, when closed between constant Time, the meansigma methods of direct current drive set end voltage is directly proportional to the operating frequency of dc chopper.Battery locomotive uses controlled Silicon chopper speed control mode speed adjustable range can reach 5%-90%.It is compared with the electric locomotive of switching startup rheostatic speed regulation has speed governing Uniformly, the feature that pull strength is big is started.It is contactless owing to controlling the dc chopper of electric locomotive, thus alleviates daily dimension Nurse makees.Meanwhile, chopper speed control also improves about 20% than starting efficiency and the speed efficiency of serial-resistance speed-regulation.

Summary of the invention

In view of currently available technology above shortcomings, this utility model provides a kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM to cut Ripple speed setting controller, uses New IGBT design on control circuit, can regulate motor speed and can solve again the commutation problem of motor.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, of the present utility model adopt the following technical scheme that

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller, including single-chip microcomputer, described single-chip microcomputer connects power supply electricity Source and motor, be provided with LCD module and keyboard between described single-chip microcomputer and described power supply, described single-chip microcomputer and described motor it Between be provided with sensor, described motor connects pole changer, be provided with between described motor and described pole changer control circuit and IGBT control module, described control circuit is connected with described pole changer and IGBT control module respectively, described control circuit with It is provided with speed adjusting module between described single-chip microcomputer.

As optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described sensor includes Hall current sensor and photoelectric sensing Device, described Hall current sensor, photoelectric sensor are connected with described motor and single-chip microcomputer respectively.

As optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described control circuit is HCPL-316J control circuit.

As optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, also include that DC source, described DC source turn to out with described Close and be connected.

As optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described IGBT control module includes IGBT module, diode, direct current Motor, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and DC source, described IGBT module respectively with described diode, direct current generator, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and direct current Power supply is connected, and described DC source is the DC source of 192V.

As optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described IGBT module has four groups, respectively T1, T2, T3 and T4, Described T1 with T2 is connected, T3 with T4 is connected.

As optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described direct current generator is series excitation type direct current generator, described series excitation type Direct current generator is provided with two groups and is respectively M1 and M2, described M1 with M2 and is connected.

As optimal technical scheme of the present utility model, described Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection includes L1 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and L2 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, Described L1 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is in parallel with described L2 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection.

This utility model relates to a kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller, including single-chip microcomputer, described monolithic Machine connects power supply and motor, is provided with LCD module and keyboard, described monolithic between described single-chip microcomputer and described power supply Being provided with sensor between machine and described motor, described motor connects has pole changer, between described motor and described pole changer Being provided with control circuit and IGBT control module, described control circuit is connected with described pole changer and IGBT control module respectively, Being provided with speed adjusting module between described control circuit and described single-chip microcomputer, this utility model uses novel H bridge IGBT control circuit to set Meter, can regulate motor speed and can solve again the commutation problem of motor, and system uses Single-chip Controlling, coordinates based on HCPL- The IGBT drive circuit of 316J, solves the various defencive functions of circuit, and adds display module, it is possible to better ensure that motor The safe and reliable operation of car.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme in this utility model embodiment, will make required in embodiment below Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, below describe in accompanying drawing be only embodiments more of the present utility model, For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain according to these accompanying drawings Other accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of IGBT control module in this utility model.

Fig. 3 is the circuit partial schematic diagram of the HCPL-316J control circuit driving IGBT control module in this utility model.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in this utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in this utility model embodiment is carried out Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of this utility model rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in this utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under making creative work premise The every other embodiment obtained, broadly falls into the scope of this utility model protection.

As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, this utility model provides a kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller, including Single-chip microcomputer 1, single-chip microcomputer 1 connects power supply 2 and motor 3, is provided with LCD module 4 and key between single-chip microcomputer 1 and power supply 2 Dish 5, is provided with sensor between single-chip microcomputer 1 and motor 3, motor 3 connects pole changer 6, sets between motor 3 and pole changer 6 Having control circuit and IGBT control module 7, control circuit is connected with pole changer 6 and IGBT control module 7 respectively, control circuit And being provided with speed adjusting module 8 between single-chip microcomputer 1, this utility model uses novel H bridge IGBT design on control circuit, can regulate motor Rotating speed can solve again the commutation problem of motor, and system uses Single-chip Controlling, coordinates IGBT based on HCPL-316J to drive electricity Road, solves the various defencive functions of circuit, and adds display module, it is possible to better ensure that the safe and reliable fortune of electric locomotive OK.

As it is shown in figure 1, this utility model have employed governing system and the full-control type voltage driven type power half of closed loop control Conductor transistor IGBT is major power element, uses microcomputer circuit to control HCPL-316J and drives optocoupler, fundamentally solves Traditional rheostatic speed regulation and the various defects of thyristor speed control, have that reliability is high, staring torque is big, speed governing is steady, modularity The features such as design, novel structure, simple to operate, energy-conservation, maintenance is easy, expense is low, specifically, use PWM mode of speed regulation, pass through Change the conducting of IGBT and the time ratio turned off, the meansigma methods of motor both end voltage can be changed, thus reach the mesh of speed governing , greatly reduce the loss of electric energy；Using chopping regulating speed technology, start steadily, staring torque is big, uses stepless time adjustment side Formula, from starting to the most all energy smooth transitions, effectively protects the mechanical system of electric locomotive, and pull strength is big, is greatly improved Work efficiency；Use the control system with single-chip microcomputer as core and IGBT drive circuit based on HCPL-316J, be greatly simplified The overvoltage of IGBT and system, cross stream and under-voltage protecting circuit.Employing H-bridge circuit designs, and speed governing can commutate again, simplify Traditional mechanical switch changement；Use Hall current sensor and photoelectric sensor, electric current when motor 3 is run and Rotating speed shows in lcd screen (LCD module 4) above by single-chip microcomputer 1 in real time, thus is best understood from the operation conditions of locomotive, Can overhaul in time when locomotive breaks down, substantially reduce maintenance capacity.

In the present embodiment, use PWM chopping regulating speed technology, largely solve rheostatic speed regulation and thyristor regulating The defect of speed, and PWM chopping regulating speed has more preferable energy-saving effect compared with rheostatic speed regulation.IGBT module uses extremely low conducting pressure The IGBT power component of fall, then coordinate concrete optimization circuit, than traditional rheostatic speed regulation energy-conservation more than 30%.

In the present embodiment, sensor includes Hall current sensor 9 and photoelectric sensor 10, Hall current sensor 9, Photoelectric sensor 10 is connected with motor 3 and single-chip microcomputer 1 respectively；Use Hall current sensor and photoelectric sensor detection motor electricity Stream and rotating speed show on LCD through single-chip microcomputer, and are controlled IGBT module through HCPL-316J by pwm signal, can be right The conduction ratio of each IGBT power component control effectively, and can control 5% to 95% by conduction ratio, is effectively improved locomotive operation speed Degree and work efficiency thereof.It addition, this kind of structure uses the connection of Hall current sensor control drive circuit power supply and locomotive to turn Speed, improves safety and the stability of locomotive；Use the intervalometer in single-chip microcomputer to produce controlled PWM ripple, changed by button Become PWM duty cycle, control the rotating speed of dc motor.

In the present embodiment, control circuit is HCPL-316J control circuit 11.

In the present embodiment, also include that DC source, described DC source are connected with pole changer 6, DC source, it is used for Control the reversing switch of electric locomotive commutation, for driving the HCPL-316J control circuit of IGBT, for controlling mining electric locomotive Motor commutation and the IGBT module of speed governing, for detecting the Hall current sensor of described current of electric size, for measuring State the photoelectric sensor of motor speed, the single-chip microcomputer for control system speed governing and display module, display module, the control of single-chip microcomputer Input keyboard module processed, module for power supply power supply.

In the present embodiment, IGBT control module 7 includes IGBT module, diode, direct current generator, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and direct current Power supply (192V), described IGBT module is connected with described diode, direct current generator, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and DC source respectively, enters one Step, IGBT module has four groups, and respectively T1, T2, T3 and T4, described T1 with T2 are connected, T3 with T4 is connected, and direct current generator is string Swashing formula direct current generator, described series excitation type direct current generator is provided with two groups and is respectively M1 and M2, described M1 with M2 and is connected；Use H bridge control Circuit processed (including 4 IGBT and two " series excitation type " direct current generators) solves the commutation problem of electric locomotive, is tackled mutually by control The conducting of IGBT on linea angulata, and then realize advance and the retrogressing of electric locomotive, compared with traditional hand pulling type switch, use IGBT to change To considerably simplify inverting module, decrease the loss that mechanical switch brings.Fig. 2 show described motor IGBT control module, T1, T2, T3, T4 are IGBT, and VD1, VD2, VD3, VD4, D1 are fly-wheel diode, and M1, M2 are that series excitation type is straight Stream motor, L1, L2 are the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of corresponding motor, and U is DC source (192V).When controlling T1 and T3 conducting, electric locomotive Main story；When controlling T2 and T4 conducting, electric locomotive inverts.

In the present embodiment, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection includes L1 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and L2 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and described L1 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is with described L2 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is in parallel.

In the present embodiment, Fig. 3 show drive IGBT HCPL-316J control circuit (this figure only draws wherein one IGBT drive circuit on diagonal, two other drive circuit is as this figure), reversing switch is upper left corner S, switches on power After, drive the optocoupler of corresponding IGBT to start working, motor starts to rotate.HCPL-316J is a easy to use intelligent IGBT drives optocoupler, is integrated with the detection of VCE saturation voltage drop, under-voltage locking, soft switching and isolated fault feedback, and this optocoupler It is connected to form feedback circuit with single-chip microcomputer, is further ensured that the properly functioning of circuit, so this drives the application of optocoupler significantly Simplify required protection circuit.

The operation principle of electric locomotive speed setting controller of the present utility model is as follows:

(1) closing a switch, main power source is connected, and circuit is started working.

(2) operation reversing switch (Fig. 3 upper left corner switch S) " forward " or " backward ", circuit ON；Reversing handle has three Gear switch, " 0 " position is off-state；" forward ", time, the optocoupler of T1 and T3 is driven to switch on power；" backward " time, drive T2 and The optocoupler of T4 switches on power；Thus changing the direction of rotation of motor, it is achieved electric locomotive advances, retreats and stop.

(3) acceleration of Non-follow control electric locomotive and deceleration.The external connection keyboard of control single chip computer is arranged two by Key----dc motor accelerates and dc motor deceleration key.Under manual mode, often pressing primary key, the rotating speed of motor is pressed Speed as agreed changes.This governing system uses IGBT high voltage switch device, and its switching frequency is high;When grid applies Break-over of device during+15V voltage, during conducting, pressure drop is about 2V, and when grid applies-15 to 0V voltage, device turns off;Due to IGBT is operated on off state, and when conducting turns off, loss is the least, so energy-saving effect is notable under speed governing state, it is ensured that 99% Following electric energy is used for motor;When IGBT turns on, current of electric linear rise;When IGBT turns off, electric current linear decline;By High (2KHz) in switching frequency, the current equivalence of actual locomotive is DC current, by the on, off time ratios of IGBT (i.e. regulation dutycycle a=Ton/T), can change the average voltage at motor two ends, thus change the rotating speed of motor, realization Locomotive throttle purpose;The various defencive functions such as soft start of circuit, under-voltage, overvoltage, constant current, short-circuit protection etc. also can be by regulations The ratio of the on, off time of IGBT realizes.

(4) in electric locomotive running, motor is transported through single-chip microcomputer by Hall current sensor and photoelectric sensor Electric current and rotating speed during row show in real time, and can effectively control the speed of electric locomotive, and LCD display system uses 1602 liquid Brilliant screen, this system designs on the basis of coordinating as principle mutually with high accuracy with real-time.Motor speed is to pass through Photoelectric sensor detection produces and triggers pulse and trigger singlechip interruption counting through trigger frequency dividing, timed counts to get standard Count value, by single-chip microcomputer to the calculating of data, process, establishes the relational expression of time and pulse, and in obtaining every point, motor turns Speed.Rotating speed and given rotating speed are made difference and obtains departure, then be adjusted by PID, make rotating speed convergence given rotating speed realize controlling.

In sum, this utility model relates to a kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller, including monolithic Machine, described single-chip microcomputer connects power supply and motor, is provided with LCD module and key between described single-chip microcomputer and described power supply Dish, is provided with sensor between described single-chip microcomputer and described motor, described motor connects pole changer, described motor and described turn Being provided with control circuit and IGBT control module between switch, described control circuit controls with described pole changer and IGBT respectively Module is connected, and is provided with speed adjusting module between described control circuit and described single-chip microcomputer, and this utility model uses novel H bridge IGBT control Circuit design processed, can regulate motor speed and can solve again the commutation problem of motor, and system uses Single-chip Controlling, coordinate based on The IGBT drive circuit of HCPL-316J, solves the various defencive functions of circuit, and adds display module, it is possible to preferably protect The safe and reliable operation of card electric locomotive.

The above, detailed description of the invention the most of the present utility model, but protection domain of the present utility model does not limit to In this, any those skilled in the art in technical scope disclosed in this utility model, the change that can readily occur in Change or replace, all should contain within protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, protection domain of the present utility model should be with described Scope of the claims is as the criterion.

Claims (8)

1. a new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller, it is characterised in that include single-chip microcomputer, described single-chip microcomputer is even Be connected to power supply and motor, between described single-chip microcomputer and described power supply, be provided with LCD module and keyboard, described single-chip microcomputer with Being provided with sensor between described motor, described motor connects pole changer, is provided with between described motor and described pole changer Control circuit and IGBT control module, described control circuit is connected with described pole changer and IGBT control module respectively, described It is provided with speed adjusting module between control circuit and described single-chip microcomputer.

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Sensor includes Hall current sensor and photoelectric sensor, and described Hall current sensor, photoelectric sensor are respectively with described Motor is connected with single-chip microcomputer.

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Control circuit is HCPL-316J control circuit.

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: also wrap Including DC source, described DC source is connected with described pole changer.

5., according to the arbitrary described a kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller of claim 1-4, its feature exists In: described IGBT control module includes IGBT module, diode, direct current generator, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and DC source, described IGBT mould Block is connected with described diode, direct current generator, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and DC source respectively, and described DC source is the unidirectional current of 192V Source.

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described IGBT module has four groups, respectively T1, T2, T3 and T4, and described T1 with T2 is connected, T3 with T4 is connected.

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described Direct current generator is series excitation type direct current generator, and described series excitation type direct current generator is provided with two groups and is respectively M1 and M2, described M1 with M2 phase Even.

A kind of new type mining electric locomotive PWM chopping regulating speed controller the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection includes L1 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and L2 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and described L1 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is in parallel with described L2 Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection.