CN205519837U - Milling cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a milling cutter, includes a stalk portion, its clamping, cutting portion and at least cell body that is used for milling cutter. Cutting portion includes one piece of cutting part at least, and the cutting part includes one section continuous curve sword, sets up the starting point of curve sword in the terminal surface department that is close cutting portion. The utility model discloses milling cutter specially mills the processing design for the high speed of the nonstandard shape of new material, can make the cutter bring into play full play cutting ability on surpassing the high -speed machining lathe of 5000 commentaries on classics for the machining efficiency of new materials promotes by a wide margin. Milling cutter rather than similar compares, can realize the one shot forming of processing, reduces or avoids subsequent and polish.

Description

Milling cutter

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of process tool being applicable to industry cutting, particularly relates to a kind of milling cutter, is applicable to Processing metal, engineering plastics and the cutting of fibrous composite, to improve working (machining) efficiency.

Background technology

Cutter is the instrument in machine-building for machining, also known as cutting element.Owing to most of cutter is Machine, it is substantially all for cutting metal material, so " cutter " word is the most just interpreted as metal cutting tool. But material science develops, various materials are the most extensively applied, such as in the production of product and processing: engineering plastic Material and carbon fibre composite etc. (CN203401118U).Cutter can be divided into by the form of workpiece machining surface: processing The cutter of various outer surfaces, aperture knife tool, threading tool, gear cutting tool and cutting off tool etc. are several.

Milling Machining component in field of machining is becoming more and more important, the most progressively takes For other processing modes such as car, brill.Due to the extensive multiformity of Milling Machining, except metals such as traditional steel and cast irons Outside material, the row of the machined material that increasing novel metal/nonmetallic materials are also progressively included into Milling Machining, this The most not only various metal alloys including aluminium-containing alloy, the also various resinous woods including high-grade engineering plastics Material, and various carbon fibre composite is in interior carbon fiber metal composite plate.

The material property of new material such as hardness, hot strength, matter by force than, yield strength, specific heat capacity and fragility All be much better than traditional material etc. various aspects, on the one hand the properties of product can be made to significantly improve, the most also by The feature such as difficult in the chip breaking that generally there are these new materials, heat radiation is difficult, stickiness is big and fragility is big is machining band Carry out great difficulty.In reality is processed, the consumption for the milling cutter of processing novel material is often far longer than biography Commons material, even occurred that a cutter was only capable of processing the extreme case of tens workpiece.In such case, raw The production cost of product person the nearlyest 30% is all used for the consumption of cutter.As can be seen here, the importance that milling cutter is good and bad from Can this kind of processing mode saliency out, become and quickly and efficiently complete Milling Machining, reduces cost and increases the benefit Key factor.Milling cutter is a class for Milling Process, the rotary cutter with one or more cutter tooth, is mainly used in At processing plane, step, groove, profiled surface and cut-out workpiece etc..During work, each cutter tooth cuts work the most off and on The surplus of part.

To this end, people have to redesign cutting tool accordingly, so that cutting tool is adapted to novel-section The needs of material processing.On the one hand so that cutter life is extended, it is to avoid tipping and the likely defective work piece such as fracture Accident occur, to reduce processing cost；On the other hand so that the rhythm of production of machining, efficiency and product are steady Qualitative it is improved.

Starting with from structure and the pattern of cutting tool, it is thus proposed that a kind of rake face wavy-edge milling cutter, it is such as Fig. 1 institute Show.Increased the overall length of Tool in Cutting blade by corrugated blade shape, thus lower cutting tip cutting edge unit Operating pressure on area, and then tool life tool sharpening efficiency can be improved.Due to rake face ripple The processing of shape sword is the most difficult, and only a few numerically controlled processing equipment could produce, and not only it holds at high price, and And limit production in enormous quantities.Simultaneously as general equipment cannot reconditioning damage after rake face wave edge, this kind of Overseas, not only the cycle is longer, and expensive in maintenance China to be sent to of cutter.

On the basis of above-mentioned cutter, people is had to change the rake face wave edge shown in Fig. 1 into rear knife face as shown in Figure 2 Wave edge, by transferring to rear knife face, the production technology simplified to a certain extent so that about nearly half by wave edge Equipment can complete the processing of this type of cutter.Rear knife face wave edge is divided into several narrower by original broadband chip Chip, thus decrease cutting deformation so that formation curling and the chip removal situation of chip in milling process are improved. Peripheral edge changes waveform into, causes the thinnest chip to rupture, and resistance to cutting decreases.Have a disadvantage in that Machined surface can be in roughness, and owing to cutting vibration is very big, the junction surface of cutter and machine easily occurs coarse (fretting corrosion), therefore, it is difficult to be applicable to high precision machines.The particularly situation of dry cutting, owing to cutter is easy to tool There is high heat, need cutting speed is reduced by 10% to 20%, cause the decline of working (machining) efficiency.

The open a kind of Dual-body chopsticks milling cutter of Chinese utility model patent ZL200420018032.6, it also has similar blade Pattern.The outer of milling body uniformly offers more than three unidirectional cutter grooves, is welded with alloy cutter head, alloy in cutter groove The M shape wave edge of a knife is offered on cutter head.This cutter is also similar have employed the design of corrugated blade, is joined by two pieces milling cutter Share in the processing of bamboo wood product.

Chinese invention patent ZL200910013142.0 discloses a kind of integral carbide goldfish scale milling cutter, including milling cutter sword Portion and milling cutter shank, the cutting edge on milling cutter blade is to be constituted cutting unit by the helicla flute that left and right rotation symmetry is staggered, Left-hand screw groove many 2 than right spiral.Each cutting unit main cutting edge length makes 0.05～0.1MM, after cutting edge Knife face makes 0～0.01MM along face of cylinder width.Cutting edge anterior angle makes 10 °～15 °, and rake face is on method section For straight line；Cutting edge relief angle makes 20 °～25 °.Circular knife groove depth makes the 7～8% of tool diameter.It can be used for carbon The Milling Process of the composite such as fiber, glass fibre.

Technology is separately had then to start with in terms of solving milling cutter heat radiation and manufacture method etc..Chinese invention patent application 201310472837.1 disclose a kind of method improving end mill(ing) cutter service life based on heat pipe phase transformation, propose the most simultaneously A kind of end mill(ing) cutter.Will be filled with wick heat pipe to arrange with the direction being parallel to end mill(ing) cutter body axis, and heat pipe condensation Section and end mill handle of a knife copline.Cutting heat end mill(ing) cutter main cutting edge position produced by wick heat pipe, constantly Carry out cold and hot exchange, thus continuously by cutting heat from the incoming heat pipe evaporator section in end mill(ing) cutter main cutting edge region, It is transmitted to condensation segment, it is achieved that reduce end mill(ing) cutter cutting temperature, and reduce cutting edge spot temperature gradient.

Chinese invention patent application 201310291138.7 provides and a kind of improves the deep of injection molding high-speed steel milling cutter life-span Cold technique, uses the processing sides such as preheating, vacuum hardening, cooling, for the first time tempering, subzero treatment and second time tempering Method, thus significantly improves anti-wear performance and the hardness of milling cutter, improves milling cutter comprehensive mechanical property and service life.

Utility model content

A purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, it is adaptable to metal (including alloy), engineering plastic Material and fibrous composite carry out Milling Machining, to obtain the profile of non-standard shapes, so that cutting-tool's used life is able to Extend.

Another purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, and the heat dispersion and the minimizing that improve cutter twine bits now The generation of elephant, is beneficial to metal (including alloy), engineering plastics and fibrous composite are carried out Milling Machining.

Another purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, to realize the some chip of workpiece continuous print, removes from Manual maintenance to cutter, carries out Milling Machining to improve to metal (including alloy), engineering plastics and fibrous composite Efficiency.

Further object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, realizes Work piece high-speed with full curve shape blade Milling Machining, carries out non-standard shapes Milling Machining to improve to metal (including alloy), engineering plastics and fibrous composite Efficiency.

The metal that this utility model is mentioned, is a kind of material, and it contains free electron and has gloss (i.e. to visible ray Strong reflection), be rich in the character such as ductility, easily conduction, heat conduction.These materials or predominantly simple substance (had both included note Be loaded in the periodic table of elements, also include thus obtained), or main by the several alloy formed, common such as: but not It is only limitted to carbon steel, aluminium alloy, copper alloy and kirsite etc..Account for the biggest it should be appreciated that be primarily referred to as this kind of material Part, but be not precluded from it and there is the situation that the compound forms such as such as small amounts thing, sulfide and chloride exist.

The engineering plastics that this utility model is mentioned, refer to that a class can be as structural material, within the scope of wider temperature Bear mechanical stress, the high performance macromolecular material used in more harsh Chemical Physics environment, have good Mechanical performance and dimensional stability, remain to keep its premium properties under high and low temperature, can be as engineering structure part Plastics.Common such as: but be not limited only to Merlon, polyamide, polyimides, polyformaldehyde, degeneration polyphenylene oxide, Polyphenylene sulfide, poly-aryl ester, unsaturated polyester (UP), phenola plastics, epoxy plastics and Acrylic plastic etc..

The fibrous composite that this utility model is mentioned, is a kind of matrix by continuous phase and the enhancing mutually contained by matrix Body forms, wherein with glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, aramid fiber, silicon carbide fibre, asbestos fibre, crystalline substance The materials such as palpus, tinsel and hard particulates are the compounded material of reinforcement.The matrix material often having is such as: but not only It is limited to synthetic resin, rubber, pottery, graphite, carbon, aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium and alloy thereof etc., but especially carbon is fine Dimension composite.

The milling cutter that this utility model provides, including a shank, it is for the clamping of milling cutter, cutting portion and at least one Cell body.Cutting portion at least includes one piece of blade, and this blade includes one section of continuous print curve sword, at the end close to cutting portion The starting point of curve sword is set at face.

According to the needs of processing workpiece, the various milling cutters that this utility model provides also include one section of continuous print straight line sword, its One end is connected with the terminal of curve sword, the drawn tangent line of terminal along curve sword become with straight line tooth shape-2 °～5 ° connect angle；Or Person includes one section of continuous print camber line sword, and its one end is connected with the terminal of curve sword.

According to the needs of processing workpiece, the various milling cutters that this utility model provides also include leading sword, are located at curve sword Before starting point.This leading sword at least includes flat blade, its be suitable for length such as: 4mm～32mm.

According to the needs of processing workpiece, the leading sword of the various milling cutters that this utility model provides at least includes that at least one is recessed Portion, along cutting portion axially or radially, each recess bottom surface is 0.01mm～0.2mm with the drop of described blade outer rim. Recess is additionally provided with oblique blade, and its inclination angle is 45 ° ± 15 °.

According to the needs of processing workpiece, the leading sword of the various milling cutters that this utility model provides also includes arc blade, arc sword Portion is individually connected with the starting point of curve sword, or its one end is connected with flat blade, as: shown in 201420205107.5.

Diamond paster can be used at edge portion surfaces, or use containing coating or the matrix of non-coating, such as: but not only limit In hard alloy, ceramic metal, cubic boron nitride and other powder metallurgy sintered material etc..

Being applicable to cell body of the present utility model, the degree of depth everywhere is identical or different, and its degree of depth is cutter body diameter at this 5%～65%, prioritizing selection 25% ± 10%.In variously-shaped cell body, this utility model prioritizing selection has 0 ° The helicla flute of ± 45 ° of helical angles, or there is the straight trough of 0 ° ± 45 ° of axial rakes.The quantity of cell body should be with cutting portion institute Quantity containing blade adapts, and meets cutting edge in the needs of Milling Machining, such as: but be not limited only to 1,2,3,4,5, 6,7 and 8.When the quantity of cell body is more than 1, helix angle or the angle of axial rake that each groove is had are identical Or it is different.The angular aperture angle of cell body should meet formula 20 °-[cell body number/360] °.

For the curve sword of this utility model milling cutter, it is made up of some curved sections, and arbitrary curve section is respectively provided with 2 °～50 ° Relief angle, 2 °～50 ° of radial rakes.Relief angles or anterior angle angle that each curved section is had are identical or different.

For meeting the needs of Milling Machining, it is set to coordinate origin with the starting point of curve sword, with this coordinate (0,0) for reference, At least provided with 8 points on the curve sword in starting point to the end direction.In addition to starting point, the position of other 7 points is the most former Point is arranged, and forms the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature (R).

A kind of curve sword embodiment for this utility model milling cutter, it, at least provided with 8 points, forms at least 7 sections The curved section of different curvature (R), is set to coordinate origin with the starting point of curve sword, with this coordinate (0,0) for reference, Other 7 points relative to the coordinate of origin position be represented sequentially as (0.98 ± 0.1,1.05 ± 0.1), (2.08 ± 0.1, 1.55 ± 0.1), (3.08 ± 0.1,1.68 ± 0.1), (4.18 ± 0.1,1.52 ± 0.1), (5.28 ± 0.1,0.98 ± 0.1), (6.38 ± 0.1, -0.47 ± 0.1) and (6.69 ± 0.1 ,-2.56 ± 0.1).

The embodiment of the various curve swords for milling cutter that this utility model provides, including at least provided with 8 points, shape When becoming the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature (R), each section of bent curvature of a curve is as follows:

From the starting point to the end of curve sword, the curvature of each curved section is as follows: first curvature (R1) is 3.24 ± 0.1, Torsion (R2) be the 3.60 ± 0.1, the 3rd curvature (R3) be the 332 ± 0.1, the 4th curvature (R4) be 3.89 ± 0.1, 5th curvature (R5) be the 3.54 ± 0.1, the 6th curvature (R6) be 3.19 ± 0.1 and the 7th curvature (R7) be 6.54 ± 0.1.

Owing to using the blade of curve shape, chip fractures because of different directions stress, and the shortest chip reduces cutter and twines Around, operating mode when also helping heat radiation thus improve tool sharpening so that cutter can be with higher rotating speed and work speed Carry out, thus substantially increase service efficiency and the service life of cutter, reached the purpose of design of high-speed and high-efficiency processing. Therefore, also by arranging more point mode on curve sword, thus curve sword is decomposed into more shorter and smaller song Line segment, to adapt to different cutting material, simultaneously mating groove shape and the needs of blade quantity, thus improves milling cutter Chip breaking, heat radiation and the performance of the aspect such as wear-resisting.

The beneficial effect that technical solutions of the utility model realize:

The milling cutter that this utility model provides, the main blade using one section of continuous print curve sword composition, it is suitable for employing new The non-standard shapes of material manufacture carries out High-speed machining, and cutter can be made to fill on the high-speed processing machine tool more than 5000 turns Cutting ability is waved in distribution.

The effective active length of blade, full curve is not only increased by the way of curve sword is decomposed into some curved sections Shape blade also forms continuous print point chip to workpiece so that cutter have all the time the maximum cutting force of a continuous reach with Workpiece to be machined contacts, and has obtained being similar to pressure action effect, can cut high tenacity and high rigidity more easily Material so that the non-standard shapes working (machining) efficiency of various new materials be substantially improved (as a example by aluminum alloy materials, its efficiency More than 300% can be improved).Moving the most afterwards along with processing abrasion maximum cutting force, cutter remains to keep processing energy simultaneously Power, can remove the manual maintenance to cutter from.Owing to chip is applied with in cutting by blade of the present utility model and rolls up bits The extra breaking force of angle different directions, by being controlled length of cut, improves cutter heat dispersion and reduces Twine bits, improve tool sharpening operating mode and add cutting-tool's used life.

Meanwhile, similar milling cutter is compared, and can realize the one-shot forming of non-standard shapes processing, after being reduced or avoided Continuous polishing, moreover it is possible to make the seismism in processing be remarkably decreased or avoid, and then make the precision that material processes Being improved, surface is more smooth.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that rake face has the milling cutter of waveform sword；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that rear knife face has the milling cutter of waveform sword；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of this utility model milling cutter one embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the cutting portion end face of milling cutter shown in Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of the blade of milling cutter shown in Fig. 3；

Fig. 6 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram that the curve sword to milling cutter shown in Fig. 5 carries out segmentation；

Fig. 7 is the direction schematic diagram of this utility model milling cutter relief angle.

Detailed description of the invention

The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.This utility model embodiment is only in order to illustrate this The technical scheme of utility model and unrestricted, although this utility model being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, It will be understood by those within the art that, the technical scheme of utility model can be modified or equivalent, Without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be contained at claim model of the present utility model In enclosing.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of this utility model milling cutter one embodiment, and Fig. 4 is the cutting portion end of milling cutter shown in Fig. 3 The structural representation in face, Fig. 5 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of the blade of milling cutter shown in Fig. 3.Such as Fig. 3, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 Shown in, this milling cutter has shank 300, cell body 200 and the cutting portion 100 that may be mounted on rotating machinery.Cutter body Any radial section all include at least one trench bottom, there is a groove depth accordingly.The degree of depth of groove should be understood to Cutting axis portion is carried out any radial section, and the groove depth of section is the diameter relative to the cutter body at this. For helicla flute, it is the continuous cell body being arranged at cutter body in a spiral manner, and each bar spiral fluted degree of depth should be managed Solve as cutting axis portion being carried out any radial section, and the groove depth of section is relative to the diameter of the cutter body at this. In the present embodiment, cell body 200 is straight trough, 0 ° ± 45 ° axial rakes AO9, AO10, and the cutter body at this Groove depth AO8 of diameter 5%-65%.

Cutting portion has 4 pieces of blades 110, has 2 °～50 ° of radial rakes AO5, and AO6, including one section of continuous print curve Sword 111.In the starting point arranging curve sword at the end face 120 of cutting portion.

Fig. 6 is to give the concrete mode that the curve sword to milling cutter shown in Fig. 5 carries out segmentation, curved section starting point is set to XY two-dimensional coordinate initial point AOO1, then by 7 some AOO2, AOO3, AOO4, AOO5, AOO6, AOO7 and Curve sword is divided into 7 sections of curved sections by AOO8, and the curvature (R) of each curved section is as shown in table 1, relief angle AO111, AO112, AO113, as shown in Figure 7.

Table 1

Also on the curve sword shown in each embodiment above-mentioned, more point can be set, thus curve sword is decomposed into more Shorter and smaller curved section, can be found in 201420135545.9.

Claims (15)

1. null1. a milling cutter，Including a shank for the clamping of milling cutter、Cutting portion and at least one cell body，It is characterized in that described cutting portion at least includes one piece of blade，Described blade includes one section of continuous print curve sword，In the starting point arranging described curve sword close to described cutting portion end，Described curve sword is at least provided with 8 points，Form the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature，It is set to coordinate origin with the starting point of curve sword，With this coordinate (0,0) it is reference，Other 7 points are followed successively by (0.98 ± 0.1 relative to the position coordinates of described initial point，1.05±0.1)、(2.08±0.1，1.55±0.1)、(3.08±0.1，1.68±0.1)、(4.18±0.1，1.52±0.1)、(5.28±0.1，0.98±0.1)、(6.38±0.1，-0.47 ± 0.1) and (6.69 ± 0.1，-2.56±0.1).
2. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cutting portion also includes one section of continuous print straight line sword, the drawn tangent line of terminal of curve sword become with described straight line tooth shape-2 °～5 ° connect angle.
3. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the degree of depth of described cell body is the 5%-65% of cutter body diameter at this.
4. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the degree of depth of described cell body is at this 25% ± 10% of cutter body diameter.
5. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cell body is to have the helicla flute of 0 ° ± 45 ° of helical angles or have the straight trough of 0 ° ± 45 ° of axial rakes.
6. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quantity of described cell body is 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 or 8.
7. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the opening angle of described cell body is 20 °-[cell body number/360] °.
8. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described curve sword is made up of some curved sections, the most described curved section is respectively provided with 2 °～the relief angle of 50 °, and 2 °～50 ° of radial rakes.
9. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include leading sword, before being located at the starting point of described curve sword.
10. Milling cutter the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include leading sword, before being located at the starting point of described curve sword, described leading sword at least includes flat blade.
11. 11. milling cutters according to claim 10, it is characterised in that a length of 4mm～32mm of described flat blade.
12. 12. milling cutters according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described leading sword also includes arc blade, it is individually connected with the starting point of described curve sword, or its one end is connected with described flat blade.
13. 13. milling cutters according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described leading sword includes that recess, described recess are provided with oblique blade, inclination angle is 45 ° ± 15 °.
14. 14. milling cutters according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising leading sword, before being located at the starting point of described curve sword, described leading sword at least includes at least one recess, along described cutting portion axially or radially, each described recess bottom surface is 0.01mm～0.2mm with the drop of described blade outer rim.
15. 15. according to the milling cutter one of claim 1-14 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that the starting point to the end from curve sword, formed at least 7 sections of different curvature curved section, the curvature of each curved section is as follows: first curvature is 3.24 ± 0.1, torsion be the 3.60 ± 0.1, the 3rd curvature be the 3.92 ± 0.1, the 4th curvature be the 3.89 ± 0.1, the 5th curvature be the 3.54 ± 0.1, the 6th curvature be 3.19 ± 0.1 and the 7th curvature be 6.54 ± 0.1.