CN204867588U - Milling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a milling tool, includes a stalk portion, its clamping, cutting portion and at least cell body that is used for milling tool. Cutting portion includes one piece of cutting part at least, and the cutting part includes one section continuous curve sword, sets up the starting point of curve sword in the terminal surface department that is close cutting portion. The utility model discloses milling tool specially mills the processing design for the high speed of the nonstandard shape of new material, can make the cutter bring into play full play cutting ability on surpassing the high -speed machining lathe of 5000 commentaries on classics for the machining efficiency of new materials promotes by a wide margin. Milling tool rather than similar compares, can realize the one shot forming of processing, reduces or avoids subsequent and polish.

Description

Milling cutter

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of process tool being applicable to industry and cutting, and particularly relates to a kind of milling cutter, is applicable to the cutting of processing metal, engineering plastics and fibrous composite, with raising working (machining) efficiency.

Background technology

Cutter is the instrument for machining in machine-building, also known as cutting element.Cutter due to the overwhelming majority is that machine is used, substantially all for cutting metal material, so " cutter " one word be generally just interpreted as metal cutting tool.But material science develops, various material is also able to extensive use in the production and processing of product, as: engineering plastics and carbon fibre composite etc. (CN203401118U).Cutter can be divided into by the form of workpiece machining surface: process the cutter of various outer surface, aperture knife tool, threading tool, gear cutting tool and cutting off tool etc. several.

The component of Milling Machining in field of machining is becoming more and more important, progressively instead of other processing modes such as car, brill to a certain extent.Due to the extensive diversity of Milling Machining, except the metal materials such as traditional steel and cast iron, increasing novel metal/nonmetallic materials are also progressively included into the row of the machined material of Milling Machining, this wherein not only comprises the various metal alloys of aluminium-containing alloy, also comprise the various resin materials of high-grade engineering plastics, and various carbon fibre composite is in interior carbon fiber metal composite plate.

The material property of new material is all much better than traditional material than, various aspects such as yield strength, specific heat capacity and fragility by force in such as hardness, hot strength, matter, on the one hand the properties of product can be made to significantly improve, on the other hand also because the feature such as difficult to the ubiquitous chip breaking of these new materials, heat radiation is difficult, stickiness is large and fragility is large is that machining brings great difficulty.In reality processing, the consumption for the milling cutter of processing novel material is often far longer than traditional material, even occurs that one only can process the extreme case of tens workpiece cutter.In such case, the nearly production cost of nearly 30% of the producer is all for the consumption of cutter.As can be seen here, can the importance of milling cutter quality from this kind of processing mode saliency out, become and complete Milling Machining fast and efficiently, the key factor reducing costs and increase the benefit.Milling cutter be a class for Milling Process, the rotary cutter with one or more cutter tooth, be mainly used at processing plane, step, groove, profiled surface and cut-out workpiece etc.During work, each cutter tooth cuts the surplus of workpiece successively off and on.

For this reason, people have to redesign accordingly cutting tool, with the needs making cutting tool be adapted to new material processing.On the one hand, cutter life is extended, avoid tipping and fracture wait likely defective work piece accident generation, to cut down finished cost; On the other hand, the rhythm of production of machining, efficiency and product stability is made to be improved.

Start with from the structure of cutting tool and pattern, someone proposes a kind of rake face wavy-edge milling cutter, and it as shown in Figure 1.Increased the overall length of Tool in Cutting blade by corrugated blade shape, thus lower the operating pressure in cutting tip cutting edge unit are, and then tool life also can improve tool sharpening efficiency.Because the processing of rake face wave edge is very difficult, only have a few numerically controlled processing equipment to produce, not only it holds at high price, and limits production in enormous quantities.Meanwhile, due to general equipment cannot reconditioning damage after rake face wave edge, the maintenance of this kind of cutter often will be sent to China overseas, and not only the cycle is longer, and expensive.

On the basis of above-mentioned cutter, rake face wave edge shown in Fig. 1 is changed into rear knife face wave edge as shown in Figure 2 by someone, by wave edge is transferred to rear knife face, the production technology simplified to a certain extent, makes the equipment about nearly half can complete the processing of this type of cutter.The chip that rear knife face wave edge is divided into several narrower by original broadband chip, thus decrease cutting deformation, makes the curling and chip removal situation of the formation of chip in milling process be improved.Peripheral edge changes waveform into, and cause very thin chip to rupture, resistance to cutting decreases.Its defect is that machined surface can be roughness, and due to cutting vibration very large, the junction surface of cutter and machine easily occurs coarse (fretting corrosion), is therefore difficult to be applicable to high precision machines.The particularly situation of dry cutting, because cutter is easy to have high heat, needs cutting speed to reduce by 10% to 20%, causes the decline of working (machining) efficiency.

Chinese utility model patent ZL200420018032.6 discloses a kind of Dual-body chopsticks milling cutter, and it also has similar blade pattern.The outer of milling body evenly offers more than three unidirectional cutter grooves, is welded with alloy cutter head in cutter groove, alloy cutter head offers the M shape wave edge of a knife.This cutter is also similar have employed the design of corrugated blade, two pieces milling cutter is coordinated the processing being used for bamboo wood product.

Chinese invention patent ZL200910013142.0 discloses a kind of integral carbide goldfish scale milling cutter, comprise milling cutter blade and milling cutter shank, cutting edge on milling cutter blade forms cutting unit, more than right spiral 2 of left-hand screw groove by the left and right helicla flute revolving symmetry staggered.Each cutting unit main cutting edge is long makes 0.05 ~ 0.1MM, and after cutting edge, knife face makes 0 ~ 0.01MM along face of cylinder width.Cutting edge anterior angle makes 10 ° ~ 15 °, and rake face is straight line on method section; Cutting edge relief angle makes 20 ° ~ 25 °.Circular knife groove depth makes 7 ~ 8% of tool diameter.It can be used for the Milling Process of the composite such as carbon fiber, glass fibre.

Technology is separately had then to start with from aspects such as the heat radiation of solution milling cutter and manufacture methods.Chinese invention patent application 201310472837.1 discloses a kind of method in raising end mill(ing) cutter service life based on heat pipe phase transformation, also proposes a kind of end mill(ing) cutter simultaneously.Arrange being filled with liquid-sucking core heat pipe with the direction being parallel to end mill(ing) cutter body axis, and heat pipe condenser section and end mill handle of a knife copline.By the cutting heat that liquid-sucking core heat pipe produces end mill(ing) cutter main cutting edge position, constantly carry out cold and hot exchange, thus continuously import cutting heat into heat pipe evaporator section from end mill(ing) cutter main cutting edge region, be transmitted to condensation segment, achieve and reduce end mill(ing) cutter cutting temperature, and reduce cutting edge spot temperature gradient.

Chinese invention patent application 201310291138.7 provides a kind of cryogenic technology improving the injection molding high-speed steel milling cutter life-span, adopt the processing methods such as preheating, vacuum hardening, cooling, first time tempering, subzero treatment and second time tempering, significantly improve anti-wear performance and the hardness of milling cutter thus, improve milling cutter comprehensive mechanical property and service life.

Utility model content

An object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, is applicable to carry out Milling Machining to metal (comprising alloy), engineering plastics and fibrous composite, to obtain the profile of non-standard shapes, is extended to make cutting-tool's used life.

Another object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, improves the heat dispersion of cutter and reduces the generation twining bits phenomenon, being beneficial to carry out Milling Machining to metal (comprising alloy), engineering plastics and fibrous composite.

Another object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, to realize to the chip of workpiece continuous print point, removing the manual maintenance to cutter from, to improve the efficiency of metal (comprising alloy), engineering plastics and fibrous composite being carried out to Milling Machining.

Another object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of milling cutter, realizes Work piece high-speed Milling Machining with full curve shape blade, to improve the efficiency of metal (comprising alloy), engineering plastics and fibrous composite being carried out to non-standard shapes Milling Machining.

The metal that the utility model is mentioned is a kind of material, its contain free electron and there is gloss (namely to visible ray strong reflection), be rich in ductility, the easy character such as conduction, heat conduction.These materials or be mainly simple substance (both comprised and be recorded in the periodic table of elements, and also comprised thus obtained), or primarily of the alloy of several formation, common as: but be not limited only to carbon steel, aluminium alloy, copper alloy and kirsite etc.Be to be understood that, mainly refer to that this kind of material accounts for the overwhelming majority, but do not get rid of the situation that it has the compound form existence such as such as small amounts thing, sulfide and chloride.

The engineering plastics that the utility model is mentioned, refer to that a class can as structural material, mechanical stress is born in wider temperature range, the high performance macromolecular material used in comparatively harsh Chemical Physics environment, there are good mechanical performance and dimensional stability, still its premium properties can be kept under high and low temperature, can as the plastics of engineering structure part.Common as: but be not limited only to Merlon, polyamide, polyimides, polyformaldehyde, sex change polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, poly-aryl ester, unsaturated polyester (UP), phenola plastics, epoxy plastics and Acrylic plastic etc.

The fibrous composite that the utility model is mentioned, be a kind of matrix by continuous phase and formed by the phase reinforcement that matrix contains, wherein with materials such as glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, aramid fiber, silicon carbide fibre, asbestos fibre, whisker, wire and hard particulates for the compounded material of reinforcement.The matrix material often had as: but be not limited only to synthetic resin, rubber, pottery, graphite, carbon, aluminium, magnesium, copper, titanium and titanium alloys etc., but especially carbon fibre composite.

The milling cutter that the utility model provides, comprises a shank, and it is for the clamping of milling cutter, cutting portion and at least one cell body.Cutting portion at least comprises one piece of blade, and this blade comprises one section of continuous print curve sword, arranges the starting point of curve sword in the end close to cutting portion.

According to the needs of processing work, the various milling cutters that the utility model provides also comprise one section of continuous print straight line sword, and its one end is connected with the terminal of curve sword, along curve sword terminal draw tangent line to become with straight line tooth shape-2 ° ~ 5 ° connect angle; Or comprise one section of continuous print camber line sword, its one end is connected with the terminal of curve sword.

According to the needs of processing work, the various milling cutters that the utility model provides also comprise leading sword, before being located at the starting point of curve sword.This leading sword at least comprises flat blade, and its length be applicable to is as 4mm ~ 32mm.

According to the needs of processing work, the leading sword of the various milling cutters that the utility model provides at least comprises at least one recess, and along axis or the radial direction of cutting portion, the drop of each recess bottom surface and described blade outer rim is 0.01mm ~ 0.2mm.Recess is also provided with oblique blade, and its inclination angle is 45 ° ± 15 °.

According to the needs of processing work, the leading sword of the various milling cutters that the utility model provides also comprises arc blade, and arc blade with the starting point of curve sword is connected separately, or its one end is connected with flat blade, as: shown in 201420205107.5.

Diamond paster can be adopted at edge portion surfaces, or adopt the matrix containing coating or non-coating, as: but be not limited only to carbide alloy, cermet, cubic boron nitride and other powder metallurgy sintered material etc.

Be applicable to cell body of the present utility model, the degree of depth is everywhere identical or different, and its degree of depth is 5% ~ 65% of this place's cutter body diameter, prioritizing selection 25% ± 10%.In the cell body of various shape, the utility model prioritizing selection has the helicla flute of 0 ° ± 45 ° of helical angles, or has the straight trough of 0 ° ± 45 ° of axial rakes.The quantity of cell body should adapt with the quantity of blade contained by cutting portion, meets cutting edge in the needs of Milling Machining, as: but be not limited only to 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and 8.When the quantity of cell body is greater than 1, the angle of the helix angle that each groove has or axial rake is identical or different.The angular aperture angle of cell body should meet formula 20 °-[cell body number/360] °.

For the curve sword of the utility model milling cutter, it is made up of some curved sections, and arbitrary curve Duan Jun has the relief angle of 2 ° ~ 50 °, 2 ° ~ 50 ° radial rakes.The relief angles that each curved section has or anterior angle angle identical or different.

For meeting the needs of Milling Machining, being set to coordinate origin with the starting point of curve sword, with this coordinate (0,0) for reference, the curve sword in starting point to the end direction at least arranging 8 points.Except starting point, the relative initial point in position of other 7 points is arranged, and forms the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature (R).

A kind of curve sword embodiment for the utility model milling cutter, it at least arranges 8 points, form the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature (R), coordinate origin is set to the starting point of curve sword, with this coordinate (0, 0) be reference, other 7 points are expressed as (1.16 ± 0.05 successively relative to the coordinate of origin position, 1.08 ± 0.05), (2.42 ± 0.05, 1.97 ± 0.05), (4.02 ± 0.05, 2.30 ± 0.05), (6.08 ± 0.05, 1.66 ± 0.05), (7.15 ± 0.05, 0.44 ± 0.05), (7.53 ± 0.05,-1.10 ± 0.05) and (7.63 ± 0.05,-3.87 ± 0.05).

The embodiment of the various curve swords for milling cutter that the utility model provides, comprise and at least arrange 8 points, when forming the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature (R), each section of bent curvature of a curve is as follows:

From the starting point to the end of curve sword, the curvature of each curved section is as follows successively: first curvature (R1) is 138.50 ± 0.05, torsion (R2) be the 4.33 ± 0.05, the 3rd curvature (R3) be the 4.85 ± 0.05, the 4th curvature (R4) be the 3.69 ± 0.05, the 5th curvature (R5) to be the 3.12 ± 0.05, the 6th curvature (R6) be 3.86 ± 0.05 and the 7th curvature (R7) be 9349.15 ± 0.05.

Owing to adopting the blade of curve shape, chip fractures because different directions is stressed, carefully short chip reduces cutter and is wound around, also heat radiation is helped thus operating mode when improving tool sharpening, cutter can be carried out with higher rotating speed and work speed, thus substantially increase service efficiency and the service life of cutter, reach the purpose of design of high-speed and high-efficiency processing.Therefore, also by arranging more point mode on curve sword, thus curve sword is decomposed into more shorter and smaller curved sections, to adapt to different cutting material, the simultaneously needs of mating groove shape and blade quantity, thus the performance improving the chip breaking of milling cutter, heat radiation and the aspect such as wear-resisting.

The beneficial effect that technical solutions of the utility model realize:

The milling cutter that the utility model provides, the main blade adopting one section of continuous print curve sword composition, is suitable for adopting the non-standard shapes of new material manufacture to carry out High-speed machining, cutter can be made on the high-speed processing machine tool more than 5000 turns to give full play to cutting ability.

The effective active length of blade is not only increased by mode curve sword being decomposed into some curved sections, full curve shape blade also forms the chip of continuous print point to workpiece, cutter is made to have a maximum cutting force constantly moved forward to contact with workpiece to be machined all the time, obtain and be similar to pressure action effect, the material of high tenacity and high rigidity can be cut more easily, the non-standard shapes working (machining) efficiency of various new material is significantly promoted (aluminum alloy materials is example, and its efficiency can improve more than 300%).Simultaneously along with the maximum cutting force of processing wearing and tearing constantly after move, cutter still can keep working ability, can remove the manual maintenance to cutter from.In cutting, chip be applied with due to blade of the present utility model and roll up the extra breaking force of considering angle different directions to be worth doing, by controlling length of cut, improve cutter heat dispersion and decrease and twine bits, improve tool sharpening operating mode and add cutting-tool's used life.

Meanwhile, similar milling cutter is compared, and can realize the one-shot forming of non-standard shapes processing, reduce or avoid follow-up polishing, the seismism in processing can also be made significantly to be declined or avoid, and then the precision that material is processed is improved, surface is more smooth.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that rake face has the milling cutter of waveform sword;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that rear knife face has the milling cutter of waveform sword;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model milling cutter one embodiment;

The structural representation of the cutting portion end face that Fig. 4 is milling cutter shown in Fig. 3;

The structure for amplifying schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is the blade of milling cutter shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is for carrying out the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of segmentation to the curve sword of milling cutter shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the direction schematic diagram of the utility model milling cutter relief angle.

Detailed description of the invention

The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.The utility model embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model and unrestricted, although be described in detail the utility model with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to the technical scheme of utility model or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in right of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model milling cutter one embodiment, the structural representation of the cutting portion end face that Fig. 4 is milling cutter shown in Fig. 3, the structure for amplifying schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is the blade of milling cutter shown in Fig. 3.As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, this milling cutter has the shank 300 that can be installed on rotating machinery, cell body 200 and cutting portion 100.Any radial section of cutter body includes at least one trench bottom, and corresponding have a groove depth.The degree of depth of groove should be understood to carry out any radial section to cutting axis portion, and the groove depth of section is the diameter of the cutter body relative to this place.For helicla flute, it is the continuous cell body being arranged at cutter body in a spiral manner, and each bar spiral fluted degree of depth should be understood to carry out any radial section to cutting axis portion, and the groove depth of section is relative to the diameter of the cutter body at this place.In the present embodiment, cell body 200 is straight trough, 0 ° ± 45 ° axial rake AH9, AH10, and the groove depth AH8 of the diameter 5%-65% of the cutter body at this place.

Cutting portion has 4 pieces of blades 110, has 2 ° ~ 50 ° radial rake AH5, AH6, comprises one section of continuous print curve sword 111.The starting point AH1 of curve sword is set at end face 120 place close to cutting portion, the terminal AH3 of curve sword.

Fig. 6 carries out the concrete mode of segmentation to the curve sword of milling cutter shown in Fig. 5 for giving, curved section starting point is set to XY two-dimensional coordinate initial point AHH1 (being the AH1 in Fig. 5), then by 7 some AHH2, AHH3, AHH4, AHH5, AHH6, curve sword is divided into 7 sections of curved sections by AHH7 and AHH8 successively, the curvature (R) of each curved section is as shown in table 1, relief angle AH111, AH112, AH113, as shown in Figure 7.

Table 1

Also the curve sword shown in each embodiment above-mentioned can arrange more point, thus curve sword is decomposed into more shorter and smaller curved sections, can see 201420135545.9.

Claims (15)

1. a milling cutter, comprise a shank for the clamping of milling cutter, cutting portion and at least one cell body, it is characterized in that described cutting portion at least comprises one piece of blade, described blade comprises one section of continuous print curve sword, the starting point of described curve sword is being set close to described cutting portion end, described curve sword at least arranges 8 points, form the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature, coordinate origin is set to the starting point of curve sword, with this coordinate (0, 0) be reference, other 7 points are followed successively by (1.16 ± 0.05 relative to the position coordinates of described initial point, 1.08 ± 0.05), (2.42 ± 0.05, 1.97 ± 0.05), (4.02 ± 0.05, 2.30 ± 0.05), (6.08 ± 0.05, 1.66 ± 0.05), (7.15 ± 0.05, 0.44 ± 0.05), (7.53 ± 0.05,-1.10 ± 0.05) and (7.63 ± 0.05,-3.87 ± 0.05).

2. milling cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that described cutting portion also comprises one section of continuous print straight line sword, the terminal of curve sword draw tangent line become with described straight line tooth shape-2 ° ~ 5 ° connect angle.

3. milling cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that the degree of depth of described cell body is the 5%-65% of this place's cutter body diameter.

4. milling cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that the degree of depth of described cell body is 25% ± 10% of this place's cutter body diameter.

5. milling cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that described cell body is for having the helicla flute of 0 ° ± 45 ° of helical angles or having the straight trough of 0 ° ± 45 ° of axial rakes.

6. milling cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that the quantity of described cell body is 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 or 8.

7. milling cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that the angular aperture angle of described cell body is 20 °-[cell body number/360] °.

8. milling cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that described curve sword is made up of some curved sections, and curved section described arbitrarily all has the relief angle of 2 ° ~ 50 °, and 2 ° ~ 50 ° radial rakes.

9. milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising leading sword, before being located at the starting point of described curve sword.

10. milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising leading sword, and before being located at the starting point of described curve sword, described leading sword at least comprises flat blade.

11. milling cutters according to claim 10, is characterized in that the length of described flat blade is 4mm ~ 32mm.

12. milling cutters according to claim 10, is characterized in that described leading sword also comprises arc blade, and it with the starting point of described curve sword is connected separately, or its one end is connected with described flat blade.

13. milling cutters according to claim 10, it is characterized in that described leading sword comprises recess, described recess is provided with oblique blade, and inclination angle is 45 ° ± 15 °.

14. milling cutters according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising leading sword, before being located at the starting point of described curve sword, described leading sword at least comprises at least one recess, along axis or the radial direction of described cutting portion, the drop of the recess bottom surface described in each and described blade outer rim is 0.01mm ~ 0.2mm.

15. according to the milling cutter one of claim 1-14 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that the starting point to the end from curve sword, form the curved section of at least 7 sections of different curvature, the curvature of each curved section is as follows successively: first curvature is 138.50 ± 0.05, torsion be the 4.33 ± 0.05, the 3rd curvature be the 4.85 ± 0.05, the 4th curvature be the 3.69 ± 0.05, the 5th curvature to be the 3.12 ± 0.05, the 6th curvature be 3.86 ± 0.05 and the 7th curvature be 9349.15 ± 0.05.