CN205483056U - Anemometry system based on ultrasonic transducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an in anemometry system based on ultrasonic transducer, receive monitor terminal including ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device, information control box, temperature and humidity acquisition module, LED display, SD card, clock module and PC. The ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device constitute by ultrasonic transducer array, the main casing body, top cap, post arm, ultrasonic transducer installation fixed joint and linking arm, ultrasonic transducer sets up in the post arm, constitutes the ultrasonic transducer array and realizes the monitoring to wind speed. Temperature and humidity sensor gathers outside environmental data for the error compensation of anemometry system improves the anemometry precision. The ultrasonic wave anemometry data storage that the system records can show the identification record through LCD at the information acquisition incasement to send the PC terminal through the GPRS module, realize remote monitoring. The utility model discloses an anemometry system has improved the anemometry precision, and the practicality is strong, and application prospect is wide.

Description

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer

Technical field

This utility model belongs to the fields of measurement of meteorological element wind, is specifically related to a kind of in survey based on ultrasonic transducer Wind system.

Background technology

Wind is a kind of natural phenomena caused by air flowing, is also important meteorological element, itself contains abundant Energy, is valuable Renewable resource.Wind has tremendous influence to the productive life of the mankind, such as wind-power electricity generation, and navigation aviation, Environmental monitoring, wind-force disaster alarm, military activity etc..

At present, domestic speed and wind direction measuring method for wind is mainly mechanical type, during mechanical rotation, due to mechanical part Between can produce friction, the problem introducing threshold wind velocity.When the wind speed of wind field is the least, vane does not haves sensitive rotation, Even do not rotate, cause cannot accurately measuring air speed value now.Mechanical type is surveyed wind mode and is mostly applied in open external rings Border, weather conditions are complicated, and the mechanical part of measurement is easily subject to damage in various degree and corrosion.

Ultrasound windage loss consumption is little, and scope is wide, and response is fast, and precision is high, it is easy to install.Can overcome machinery survey wind sluggish, Blind area and the defect such as precision is low, this utility model uses brand-new transducer array structure also to use brand-new ambient compensation algorithm to reduce Existing ultrasonic wind meter device extensively easily by Turbulent Flow Effects and the environmental disturbances of air, improves certainty of measurement.

Utility model content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer, this system It it is the improvement for more current wind measuring systems and perfect.

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of based on ultrasonic transducer Wind measuring system, including ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device, information control chamber, humiture collection module, light-emitting diode display, SD card, time Clock module and PC receive monitoring terminal；

Described ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device is by ultrasound transducer array, main casing, top cover, post arm, ultrasound wave Transducer installs anchor tip and linking arm composition；Described ultrasound transducer array is installed fixing by ultrasonic transducer Joint is installed on the top of post arm；Described post arm is installed on main casing, and main casing top is provided with top cover, sets in main casing It is equipped with survey wind control circuit；The bottom of main casing is provided with for being connected fixing linking arm with external structure；

Described information control chamber receives ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device, humiture collection module and clock module and sends out Wind speed and direction data, humiture data and the time data sent, and the information received is sent to PC monitoring terminal and deposits Storage is in SD card；LCD display is for checking the data in SD card.

Further, described ultrasound transducer array is made up of six ultrasonic transducers, six ultrasonic wave transducers Device three correlation groups of composition, two ultrasonic transducer probes are installed at the top of each post arm.

Further, three described correlation groups are arranged in equilateral triangle structure, and have a correlation group along direct north Arrange.

Further, in each correlation group, between two ultrasonic transducers, angle is 60 °, and spacing is 250mm.

Further, the wafer of described ultrasonic transducer is circular, a diameter of 10mm, and ultrasonic transducer is transmitting-receiving Integrally.

Further, described post arm is rustless steel cylindrical structural.

Further, described top cover has north pointer direction mark and digital compass.

Further, described survey wind-powered electricity generation road arranges data communication interface, information control chamber by data communication interface with Survey the communication of wind-powered electricity generation road.

Further, described survey wind-powered electricity generation road arranges extension mouth, and extension mouth is used for surveying the upgrading debugging of wind-powered electricity generation road, secondary is opened Send out.

Further, described information control chamber transmits data to PC monitoring terminal by GPRS module.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

1) this utility model uses 6 ultrasonic transducers, one new array of composition, reduce wind speed, wind direction when measuring because of The turbulent flow interference that air fluid brings, improves certainty of measurement；

2) change of the environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, air pressure can affect the performance of instrument for wind measurement, this utility model by Hold the nonlinear regression ability that vector machine (SVM) is powerful, set up the ambient parameter such as temperature, the humidity non-linear relation with survey wind, Reduce the error that environmental factors is brought；

3) wind measuring system is by data measured, current time, by GPRS module and PC monitoring terminal communication, it is achieved man-machine friendship Mutually, and storing data in SD card, staff can arrive scene and recall SD card data in addition, is looked into by LCD display circuit See record；

4) this new type ultrasonic wind measuring system, can be practical separately as surveying wind devices, it is possible to be configured at automatic weather station connection Close and use.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is ultrasound wind system structure principle chart.

Fig. 2 is ultrasound transducer array top view.

Fig. 3 is ultrasound transducer array bottom view.

Fig. 4 is the ambient compensation model of wind measuring system.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the technical solution of the utility model is elaborated.

It is a kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer of the present utility model as Figure 1-3, including ultrasonic waves Can device wind measuring device, information control chamber 10, humiture collection module 11, light-emitting diode display 12, SD card 15, clock module 13 and PC Receive monitoring terminal 14.

Ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device is by six ultrasonic transducers (transducer A～transducer F (16～21)) group The ultrasound transducer array of one-tenth, main casing 8,7,3 post arms of top cover (post arm A～post arm C (4～6)), ultrasonic transducer peace Dress anchor tip (anchor tip A installed by ultrasonic transducer～anchor tip C (1～3) installed by ultrasonic transducer) and connection Arm 9 forms；Ultrasound transducer array is installed anchor tip (1,2,3) by ultrasonic transducer and is installed on post arm (4,5,6) Top；Post arm (4,5,6) is installed on main casing 8, and main casing 8 top is provided with top cover 7, and top cover 7 has north pointer direction mark 23 and digital compass 22, it is used for instructing equipment to install；Survey wind control circuit it is provided with in main casing 8；Survey wind-powered electricity generation road and number is set According to communication interface 24 and extension mouth 25, information control chamber 10, by data communication interface 24 and survey wind-powered electricity generation road communication, extends mouth 25 For surveying the upgrading debugging of wind-powered electricity generation road, secondary development；The bottom of main casing 8 is provided with for being connected fixing connection with external structure Arm 9.

Information control chamber 10 receives ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device, humiture collection module 11 and clock module 13 Wind speed and direction data, humiture data and the time data sent, and the information received is sent to PC by GPRS module Monitoring terminal is also stored in SD card；LCD display 12 is for checking the data in SD card 15.

In the present embodiment, six ultrasonic transducers are a correlation group two-by-two, and the top of each post arm is installed a pair Penetrating group, three correlation groups are arranged in equilateral triangle structure, and have a correlation group to arrange along direct north, and each correlation group In between two ultrasonic transducers angle be 60 °, spacing is 250mm.

In the present embodiment, the wafer of transducer (16,17,18,19,20,21) is circular, a diameter of 10mm, transducing Device (16,17,18,19,20,21) is transceiver.

In the present embodiment, post arm (4,5,6) is rustless steel cylindrical structural.

Ultrasound transducer array operation principle:

As a example by Fig. 1, Fig. 2, in working order, remaining two groups are in idle shape to a certain group of ultrasound wave correlation transducer State.

1. in the Article 1 instruction cycle, signal launched by transducer 17, and transducer 18 receives signal, transducer 19～transducer 21 and transducer 16 be operated in idle condition, the time of recording is t₁₂。

2. in the Article 2 instruction cycle, signal launched by transducer 18, and transducer 17 receives signal, transducer 19～transducer 21 and transducer 16 be operated in idle condition, the time of recording is t₂₁。

3. in the Article 1 instruction cycle, signal launched by transducer 19, and transducer 20 receives signal, transducer 21, transducer 16～transducer 18 be operated in idle condition, the time of recording is t₂₃。

4. in the Article 1 instruction cycle, signal launched by transducer 20, and transducer 19 receives signal, transducer 21, transducer 16～transducer 18 be operated in idle condition, the time of recording is t₃₂。

5. in the Article 1 instruction cycle, signal launched by transducer 21, and transducer 16 receives signal, transducer 17～transducer 20 are operated in idle condition, and the time of recording is t₃₁。

6. in the Article 1 instruction cycle, signal launched by transducer 16, and transducer 21 receives signal, transducer 17～transducer 20 are operated in idle condition, and the time of recording is t₁₃。

Survey wind principle as follows, if v_WindFor recording wind speed, θ is for recording wind angle, and L is correlation Distance Between Transducers.Reality is empty Air-flow body enters ultrasonic transducer energy device array and is divided into three kinds of situations:

1. wind direction is vertical with a certain transducer correlation group, and now this group is minimum by Turbulent Flow Effects.

2. wind direction is parallel with a certain transducer correlation group, and now this group is maximum by Turbulent Flow Effects.

3. there is an angle in wind direction and a certain transducer correlation group, and this group transducer is by air fluid Turbulent Flow Effects relatively Greatly.

Analyze v_WindProjection on three limits, records the transition time in conjunction with three groups of correlation transducers, removes one group by turbulent flow The time value that impact is maximum, it is assumed here that transducer 17,18 is maximum by Turbulent Flow Effects, then give up t₁₂And t₂₁, can calculate Whole wind speed and direction value.

By formula

$\tan \mathrm{\θ}=\frac{t_{23}\·t_{31}\·t_{32}-t_{13}\·t_{32}\·t_{23}+t_{13}\·t_{31}\·t_{23}-t_{13}\·t_{31}\·t_{32}}{t_{23}\·t_{31}\·t_{32}-t_{13}\·t_{32}\·t_{23}-t_{13}\·t_{31}\·t_{23}-t_{13}\·t_{31}\·t_{32}}---\left(2\right)$

If being M on the right of formula (1) equal sign, it is Q on the right of formula (2) equal sign,

$\tan \frac{\mathrm{\π}}{3}\·\tan \mathrm{\θ}=Q---\left(3\right)$

Simultaneous formula (1), (2), (3),

Always being an exposure in the middle of air due to wind measuring system, the change of the environmental factorss such as temperature, humidity, air pressure can affect survey The performance of bearing device so that certain deviation occurs in measured value.For this non-linear effects of ultrasound wind system, this reality The precision and stability of wind measuring system is improved by the method for novel employing software compensation.Powerful by support vector machine (SVM) Nonlinear regression ability, sets up the ambient parameter such as temperature, the humidity non-linear relation with survey wind, and ultrasound wind model is:

Y=f (x₁,t₁,t₂,...,t_k) (5)

In formula, x is signal input, t₁,t₂,...,t_kFor k non-targeted parameter, y is wind measuring system output.Formula (5) anti- Function can approach its nonlinear function by support vector machine, to eliminate the impact of other ambient parameters, its support to The compensation model of amount is as shown in Figure 4.

Based on VC peacekeeping structural risk minimization principle, in conjunction with Vapnik structural risk minimization, find one completely The optimal separating hyper plane of foot classificating requirement, is converted into as high-dimensional feature space linear by the nonlinear problem of low dimensional feature space Regression problem, obtains regression function:

Wherein b is threshold value,For nonlinear mapping, in conjunction with Vapnik structural risk minimization, it is contemplated that function Complexity and error of fitting, introduce risk function R (w), be translated into and minimize functional:

$\min R\left(w\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left|\right|w|{|}^2+c\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}({\mathrm{\ξ}}_i+{\mathrm{\ξ}}_i^{*})---\left(7\right)$

| | w | | in formula²Describing the complexity of linear function, c ＞ 0 is penalty coefficient, ξ_i,Being slack variable, ε is unwise Sense coefficient.In order to solve above-mentioned quadratic programming problem, introduce Lagrangian and change into dual problem, if a_i,For glug Bright day multiplier and dual variable, corresponding Lagrangian is:

Utilize kernel function K (x, the x meeting Mercer condition_i), low-dimensional nonlinear regression is changed into High-dimensional Linear and returns Problem, has obtained terminal decision function:

$f\left(x\right)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}(a_i-a_i^{*})K(x,x_i)+b---\left(10\right)$

Generalization ability is the key index weighing compensation model, and the Generalization Capability of SVM is mainly with penalty coefficient C and kernel function Parameter σ is relevant, and particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is initialized as a group random particles (RANDOM SOLUTION).It is excellent that each particle represents extreme value The potential optimal solution of change problem, finds optimal solution by iteration, is iterating through the individual extreme value of tracking every time and global extremum comes more New body position, each position represents a potential solution of problem.In iterative process each time, particle by individual extreme value and Global extremum updates speed and the position of self, uses it for the parameter optimization of SVM, improves convergence rate and the precision of PSO, Solve simultaneously SVM parameter select blindness, set up the ambient compensation model of ultrasound wind system, by experimental verification its Surveying the effectiveness that wind compensates, and by showing its superiority with additive method contrast.

Of the present utility model ultimate principle and principal character and of the present utility model advantage have more than been shown and described.One's own profession Skilled person will appreciate that of industry, this utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments, described in above-described embodiment and description Principle of the present utility model is simply described, on the premise of without departing from this utility model spirit and scope, this utility model is also Have various changes and modifications, in the range of these changes and improvements both fall within claimed this utility model.This utility model Claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (10)

1. a wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer, it is characterised in that: include ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device, information Control chamber, humiture collection module, light-emitting diode display, SD card, clock module and PC receive monitoring terminal；

Described ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device is by ultrasound transducer array, main casing, top cover, post arm, ultrasonic wave transducer Device installs anchor tip and linking arm composition；Described ultrasound transducer array installs anchor tip by ultrasonic transducer It is installed on the top of post arm；Described post arm is installed on main casing, and main casing top is provided with top cover, is provided with in main casing Survey wind control circuit；The bottom of main casing is provided with for being connected fixing linking arm with external structure；

Described information control chamber receives what ultrasonic transducer wind measuring device, humiture collection module and clock module sent Wind speed and direction data, humiture data and time data, and the information received is sent to PC monitoring terminal and is stored in In SD card；LCD display is for checking the data in SD card.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is ultrasonic Wave transducer array is made up of six ultrasonic transducers, six ultrasonic transducer three correlation groups of composition, each post arm Two ultrasonic transducer probes are installed at top.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: three are described Correlation group is arranged in equilateral triangle structure, and has a correlation group to arrange along direct north.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: each correlation group In between two ultrasonic transducers angle be 60 °, spacing is 250mm.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described is ultrasonic The wafer of wave transducer is circular, and a diameter of 10mm, ultrasonic transducer is transceiver.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described post arm For rustless steel cylindrical structural.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described top cover On have north pointer direction mark and digital compass.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described survey wind Circuit arranges data communication interface, and information control chamber is by data communication interface and survey wind-powered electricity generation road communication.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described survey wind Circuit arranges extension mouth, and extension mouth is used for surveying the upgrading debugging of wind-powered electricity generation road, secondary development.

A kind of wind measuring system based on ultrasonic transducer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described letter Breath control chamber transmits data to PC monitoring terminal by GPRS module.