CN205362955U - Device that steel surface nitrogen pick -up was realized to nitride is laid in advance to nitrogen arc normal position metallurgy - Google Patents
Device that steel surface nitrogen pick -up was realized to nitride is laid in advance to nitrogen arc normal position metallurgy Download PDFInfo
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- CN205362955U CN205362955U CN201620009050.0U CN201620009050U CN205362955U CN 205362955 U CN205362955 U CN 205362955U CN 201620009050 U CN201620009050 U CN 201620009050U CN 205362955 U CN205362955 U CN 205362955U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a material surface treatment field, it adopts device that steel surface nitrogen pick -up was realized to nitride is laid in advance to nitrogen arc normal position metallurgy specifically to be one kind, to mix good nitride alloy powder lays at pending steel mother metal on the surface, then add heat fusing nitride alloy powder and partial mother metal with nitrogen arc, stir the molten bath through the electromagnetic stirring of electric arc and welder's swing, make the alloying element among the nitride alloy powder fully smelt the mixture with fusional mother metal, the molten bath cooling is solidified and to be formed the high -nitrogen steel layer on the steel surface. The utility model discloses the thickness on preparation high -nitrogen steel layer can reach several millimeters centimetre levels even as required. This high -nitrogen steel layer can obtain the superelevation nitrogen content, is greater than conventional surperficial nitrogen pick -up far away and handles the biggest nitrogen content that can obtain.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to field of material surface treatment, is specially and a kind of utilizes nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical to lay the method that nitride realizes the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface in advance, it is adaptable to the high strength anti-corrosionization on the surfaces such as mild steel, low-alloy steel, rustless steel processes.
Background technology
The increasing method for nitrogen on conventional surface has gas nitriding and glow discharge nitriding.
Gas nitriding can adopt general nitriding process (i.e. single stage nitriding) or multistage (two-stage nitration, three sections) nitriding process.The former is that nitriding temperature and ammonia decomposition remain unchanged in whole nitriding process.Temperature is typically between 480～520 DEG C, and ammonia decomposition is 15～30%, nearly 80 hours of temperature retention time.This technique is applicable to the part that infiltration layer is shallow, distortion requires sternly, hardness requirement is high, but processes overlong time.Multiple stage nitriding be in whole nitriding process, be respectively adopted different temperatures by different phase, different ammonia dissociation rate, different time carry out nitriding and diffusion.Whole nitriding time can shorten to nearly 50 hours, can obtain deeper infiltration layer, but so nitriding temperature is higher, distorts bigger.
Glow discharge nitriding utilizes glow discharge principle to carry out.Compared with general gas nitriding, glow discharge nitriding is characterized in: 1. can suitably shorten the nitriding cycle；2. nitriding layer fragility is little；3. the consumption of the energy and ammonia can be saved；4. the part maskable not needing nitriding is got up, it is achieved selective nitriding；5. ion bom bardment has purification surface action, can remove surface of the work passivating film, can make rustless steel, the direct nitriding of heat resisting steel workpiece；6. alloying layer thickness and tissue can control.But its equipment controls complexity, and the uniformity of furnace temperature is bad.
In summary, conventional both nitriding methods, need conditioning treatment modified before nitriding and conditioning treatment destressing processes, and the surface roughness Ra of nitriding part should be less than 1.6um etc. restriction simultaneously.The cycle length of Nitrizing Treatment technique, nitriding layer are thin, temperature control requirement is tight, the surface preparation of part requiring, strict, equipment controls complexity.Two kinds of gas nitriding process are required for carrying out in airtight environment, and length consuming time, and nitriding layer is thin, nitrogen increased amount is low, nitrogen pick-up composition of layer is non-adjustable.
Other process for treating surface, as conventional thermal spraying, surfacing and built-up welding can also be used for the nitrogen pick-up process of material surface.Thermal spraying on surface nitrogen pick-up is owned by France in nitride ceramics spraying technology, is not metallurgical binding, and hot spray process is higher to the pre-processing requirements of substrate surface simultaneously, it is necessary to carries out roughening treatment, and requires higher to the particle diameter of spray coating powder.Traditional spray welding technology can make powder or welding wire, it is possible to form metallurgical binding with mother metal, but the dilution rate of spray-welding coating is high, general about 5%～10%, and need the pre-heat treatment, the fusing point of spray material requires lower than matrix fusing point, meanwhile, in spray process, the composition of the high nitrogen layer of surfacing is non-adjustable.Welding wire is generally used in built-up welding, and overlay cladding composition can only be component of weld wire, and overlay cladding composition can not design, and namely with overlaying method, steel surface is carried out nitrogen pick-up process, and the composition of the nitrogen pick-up layer obtained can not design.
Chinese patent (201310398151.2) discloses and a kind of uses high velocity oxy-fuel thermal spray and plasma nitriding for the method and system of mould compensation and reparation.The nitrogen pick-up composition of layer obtained can not design, thickness is thin, and alloy particle diameters requires strict.Chinese patent (201110309131.4) relates to a kind of reaction nitrogen arc fusing and coating wear-resistant coating preparation technology remanufacturing reparation based on part.The slurry of modulation is coated in after piece surface dries, uses nitrogen arc deposition, not Nitrogen element in slurry, only by nitrogen arc nitrogen pick-up DeGrain, and drying and require time for, hydrogen induced cracking may be caused if drying completely.And nitride alloy powder is directly laid on pending steel surface by this utility model, adopt nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical, it is not necessary to increasing stoving process, and have employed nitride and nitrogen arc associating nitrogen pick-up technology, nitrogen pick-up effect is obvious and consuming time short.Chinese patent (201310650075.X) discloses a kind of plasma arc and adds the method that nitrogen smelts nitrogen containing metal material, fill high pressure nitrogen condition plasma arc specifically by vacuum purification and add nitrogen melting steel billet, and this utility model need not add vacuum, and nitrogen increased amount adds, considerably beyond with plasma arc, the method that nitrogen smelts nitrogen containing metal material.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model there are provided a kind of nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical and lays nitride in advance and realize method and the device thereof of the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface,
A kind of nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical of this utility model lays the technical scheme of method and device thereof that nitride realizes the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface in advance:
A kind of nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical lays the method that nitride realizes the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface in advance, and it comprises the following steps that
Step 1, by the subject alloy composition of target high nitrogen steel layer, it is determined that iron content WFe%；Select mild steel as mother metal；
Subject alloy composition according to high nitrogen steel layer, it is determined that be required as the content Wif% ratio of alloying element i in the alloy powder of paving powder raw material, be corrected relational expression WifRevise% ≈ Wif% × (1+ μ i+ ξ) obtains the correction value Wif of alloying element i content in powder after revisingRevise%, and alloyage powder；Wherein μ i is scaling loss coefficient, μ i=0.2%～5%, and ξ is scattering spatter loss coefficient, ξ=2%～8%；Alloying element in the alloy powder of powder feeding raw material is not ferrum；
Step 2, the relational expression according to the content Wi% of the alloying element i outside deironing element in target high nitrogen steel layer Yu iron contentObtain composition ratio α: β of all alloying elements and ferrum element；Determine alloy powder quality m in unit areAlloy powderWith the steel mother metal quality m fusing into molten bath in unit areIron-based materialRatio is for α: β；
Step 3, according to mAlloy powder:mIron-based material=α: β, high nitrogen steel layer penetration ratio can be obtainedDetermine the thickness that the thickness h of the iron-based material fusing into high nitrogen steel layer=B × Ψ, B is target high nitrogen steel layer；Determining alloy powder layer thickness H f, it meetsK is that alloyed powder last layer Melting And Solidification becomes the thickness of solid block to reduce coefficient, K=0.4-0.9；
Step 4, starts welder, adopts welding current I and bonding speed v, the mild steel mother metal adopting thickness to be h, and thickness is the alloy powder of Hf, carries out built-up welding, the final high nitrogen steel layer obtaining target thickness.
Further, welding current selects I to be 80A～200A；
Bonding speed v, selection v is 3mm/min～16mm/min；Adopt 10%Ar+90%N2Gaseous mixture is as protection-gas welding, and airflow rate is 10L/min～35L/min.
For enabling said method to be smoothed out, it is to avoid protection air-blowing dissipates the nitride alloy powder that steel surface is laid in advance, and non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle nozzle arrangements has been carried out Curve guide impeller by this utility model.
One non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle；Described non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle nozzle is demifacet gap type structure, and described breach is back to welding direction；
The nozzle inner walls of described non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle is connected with current limliting dividing plate；Described current limliting dividing plate 3 is by the trapezoidal plate split of two pieces of upper base coincident.
Described jet expansion radius r is 5-8mm.
Described trapezoidal plate upper base is 2-5mm, goes to the bottom as 8-10mm.
Described trapezoidal plate upper base back gauge nozzle distance is 30-50mm, and it is 4-8mm that trapezoidal plate is gone to the bottom from jet hole distance.
This utility model compared with prior art has following remarkable advantage:
1, the method that this utility model provides can realize the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface high nitrogen steel at short notice, it is thus achieved that nitrogen pick-up layer thickness up to several millimeters even Centimeter Level, and nitrogen pick-up composition of layer can design；
When 2, combining interpolation ferrum element by additional iron powder and steel substrate, regulate the content of iron powder in alloy powder and can control steel matrix and fuse into the thickness of high nitrogen steel layer.Namely to fuse into the thickness of high nitrogen steel layer adjustable for steel matrix；
3, adopt demifacet gap type nozzle with current limliting dividing plate, can effectively control protection air-flow to, it is to avoid alloy powder laid in advance is dispelled；
4, the method that this utility model provides not only achieves steel surface nitrogen pick-up effect, it is also possible to adding other useful alloy elements, it is achieved steel surface high nitrogen steel, the nitrogen pick-up layer obtained has good high strength anti-corrosion performance.Being metallurgical binding between the nitrogen pick-up layer and the steel matrix that obtain, bond strength is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that the pre-laid nitride of nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical realizes the method for steel surface nitrogen pick-up；
Fig. 2 (a) is the elevational sectional view of demifacet gap type welding tip；
Fig. 2 (b) is the left view sectional view of demifacet gap type welding tip；
Fig. 3 is section of weld joint figure.
Wherein, 1 is non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle, and 2 is the nozzle of non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle, and 3 is current limliting dividing plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical described in the utility model is laid nitride in advance to realize the apparatus and method of steel surface nitrogen pick-up and be further described.
One non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle 1；Described non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle nozzle is demifacet gap type structure, and described breach is back to welding direction；
Nozzle 2 inwall of non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle 1 is connected with current limliting dividing plate 3；Described current limliting dividing plate 3 is by the trapezoidal plate split of two pieces of upper base coincident.
Nozzle 2 exit radius r is 5mm.
Trapezoidal plate upper base is 4mm, goes to the bottom as 10mm.
Trapezoidal plate upper base back gauge nozzle distance is that 40mm trapezoidal plate goes to the bottom from jet hole distance is 5mm.
Embodiment 1
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, a kind of method adopting nitrogen arc and nitride composite in-situ metallurgy to realize the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface described in the utility model is further described.
Utilize device as shown in Figure 1, adopt the method that nitrogen arc and nitride in-situ metallurgy realize the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface, obtain the high nitrogen steel layer that thickness is 2mm on Q235B steel surface.The target component of high nitrogen steel layer is as shown in table 1.
The chemical composition of table 1 target high nitrogen steel layer requires (%)
| Chemical composition | N | Mn | Cr | Mo | Si | C | Fe |
| Standard criterion | 0.8-2.4 | 12-18 | 18-23 | 1.0-2.5 | ≤1 | ≤0.1 | Surplus |
This utility model adopts nitrogen arc to be blanket of nitrogen electric arc, including electric arc and plasma arc；First the nitride alloy powder mixed is laid on pending steel mother metal surface, then hot smelting nitride alloy powder and part mother metal are added with nitrogen arc, by the swing of the electromagnetic agitation of electric arc and welding gun, molten bath is stirred, making the melting abundant with the mother metal of fusing of the alloying element in nitride alloy powder mix, molten bath cooled and solidified can form high nitrogen steel layer on steel surface.By regulating the composition ratio of each element in nitride alloy powder and adding powder amount, the high nitrogen steel layer of different nitrogen contents, different-thickness can be obtained.
Its nitrogen pick-up principle illustrates: on the one hand, and nitride alloy powder and part steel mother metal add heat fusing in nitrogen arc, and the nitrogen in nitrogen arc enters molten bath, improves the nitrogen content in molten bath, and in nitrogen arc, nitrogen partial pressure is higher simultaneously, it is possible to control to have fused in molten bath the effusion of nitrogen；On the other hand, containing substantial amounts of nitrogen element in nitride alloy powder, also fused in molten bath in nitrogen arc heating process, further increased the nitrogen content in molten bath.Meanwhile, nitride alloy powder is furnished with the alloying element containing, for example (Cr, Mn, Mo etc.), to guarantee that in the high nitrogen steel layer formed, nitrogen element exists with atomic form.
Adopting the method that employing nitrogen arc described in the utility model and nitride in-situ metallurgy realize the nitrogen pick-up of steel surface, it concretely comprises the following steps:
Step 1, by the subject alloy composition of target high nitrogen steel layer, it is determined that iron content WFe%；Select mild steel as mother metal；
Subject alloy composition according to target high nitrogen steel goods, it is determined that be required as the content Wif% ratio of alloying element i in the nitride alloy powder of paving powder raw material, be corrected relational expression WifRevise% ≈ Wif% × (1+ μ i+ ξ) obtains the correction value Wif of alloying element i content in powder after revisingRevise%, and prepare nitride alloy powder；Wherein μ i is scaling loss coefficient, μ i=0.2%～5%, and ξ is scattering spatter loss coefficient, ξ=2%～8%；
Nitride alloy powder stock includes: chromium nitride powder, nitrogenized manganese powder, chromium powder, manganese powder, molybdenum powder etc..When powder presses CrN:MnN:Cr:Mn:Mo=4:4:18.85:11.8:1.5, meet high nitrogen steel layer target component content ratio.According to revising relational expression WifRevise% ≈ Wif% × (1+ μ i+ ξ), revising the formula obtaining material powder is: during CrN:MnN:Cr:Mn:Mo=4:4:19:12:1.5, coordinate melting that Q235B steel surface can be made to obtain high nitrogen steel layer with steel substrate, and the composition of high nitrogen steel layer is N:1.66%, Mn:15%, Cr:22%, Mo:1.5%, surplus is ferrum.
Step 2, the relational expression according to the content Wi% of the alloying element i outside deironing element in target high nitrogen steel Yu iron contentObtain all alloying elements composition with ferrum element than α: β ≈ 2:3；Determine the alloy powder quality m sending into molten bathAlloy powderQuality m with iron powderIron powderRatio is 2:3.
Step 3, according to mAlloy powder:mIron-based material=2:3, can obtain penetration ratioDetermine thickness h=B × Ψ ≈ 1.2mm of the iron-based material fusing into high nitrogen steel layer；Draw through many experiments survey calculationFor composition of the same race, K value is identical, it may be determined that determine alloy powder layer thicknessNitride alloy powder thick for uniform laid 2.5mm on Q235B steel surface.
Step 4, chooses suitable welding current I, I and generally takes 80A～200A；Choose suitable speed of welding v, v and generally take 3mm/min～16mm/min；Select 10%Ar+N2Gaseous mixture, as protection-gas welding, generally takes 10L/min～35L/min；Starting welder of the present utility model and carry out technological parameter debugging, regulate welding current and speed of welding, making the steel of base metal base material thickness fusing into high nitrogen steel layer is h, it is thus achieved that optimal processing parameter I0For 120A and v0For 8mm/min.
Step 5, starts welder of the present utility model, with welding current I0=120A and bonding speed v0=8mm/min is the nitride alloy powder on welding parameter in-situ metallurgical steel surface, swings welding gun and makes electric arc agitation molten pool, finally obtains the high nitrogen steel layer that thickness is 2mm on mother metal surface.
Claims (4)
1. a nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical is laid nitride in advance and is realized the device of steel surface nitrogen pick-up, it is characterised in that including:
One non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle (1)；The nozzle (2) of described non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle (1) is demifacet gap type structure, and described breach is back to welding direction；
Nozzle (2) inwall of described non-consumable gas shielded arc welding rifle (1) is connected with current limliting dividing plate (3)；Described current limliting dividing plate (3) is by the trapezoidal plate split of two pieces of upper base coincident.
2. nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical according to claim 1 is laid nitride in advance and is realized the device of steel surface nitrogen pick-up, it is characterised in that described nozzle (2) exit radius r is 5-8mm.
3. nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical according to claim 1 is laid nitride in advance and is realized the device of steel surface nitrogen pick-up, it is characterised in that described trapezoidal plate upper base is 2-5mm, goes to the bottom as 8-10mm.
4. nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical according to claim 1 is laid nitride in advance and is realized the device of steel surface nitrogen pick-up, it is characterised in that described trapezoidal plate upper base back gauge nozzle distance is 30-50mm, and it is 4-8mm that trapezoidal plate is gone to the bottom from jet hole distance.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105522253A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | Device for realizing nitrogen increment on surface of steel by pre-laying nitride through nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgy |
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2016
- 2016-01-06 CN CN201620009050.0U patent/CN205362955U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105522253A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | Device for realizing nitrogen increment on surface of steel by pre-laying nitride through nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgy |
| CN105522253B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-06-29 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | A kind of nitrogen arc in-situ metallurgical is laid with the device that nitride realizes steel surface nitrogen pick-up in advance |
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