CN205249112U - Novel low -voltage distribution steps down energy -conservingly device - Google Patents
Novel low -voltage distribution steps down energy -conservingly device Download PDFInfo
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- CN205249112U CN205249112U CN201521034100.2U CN201521034100U CN205249112U CN 205249112 U CN205249112 U CN 205249112U CN 201521034100 U CN201521034100 U CN 201521034100U CN 205249112 U CN205249112 U CN 205249112U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel low -voltage distribution steps down energy -conservingly device, including first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT module, contravariant bridge and asynchronous machine, three -phase alternating current exports asynchronous machine to after looping through first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT module and contravariant bridge, and still include IGBT modular dirve circuit, data acquisition circuit, export isolator power supply circuit and DSP control circuit more, the data acquisition circuit is with asynchronous machine signal transmission to the DSP control circuit who gathers, DSP control circuit's the output and the input of IGBT modular dirve circuit are connected, the output and the input of IGBT module of IGBT modular dirve circuit are connected, the isolator power supply circuit that export are IGBT modular dirve circuit, data acquisition circuit and DSP control circuit respectively and provide DC power supply more. Reaching to go up on the basis of conventional pressure regulating control and making the motor operation at the efficiency maximize, there is good purpose of following the characteristic in while assurance system to load changes.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to Motor Control Field, particularly, relates to a kind of New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device.
Background technology
Asynchronous motor is as most popular motor, simple in structure because possessing, cheap, sturdy and durable, systemMaking conveniently, seldom needs to safeguard and can be in the advantage of continuous service under adverse circumstances, in daily life, especially in industrial productionHaving obtained using widely, is the main consumer of electric energy. Current, it is all asynchronous motor that most of industry drags, and status is aobviousWork. In reality, industrial and mining enterprises have considerable asynchronous motor and relevant dragging system to be in non-economy running status, causeWaste of energy greatly. Analyze its reason, mainly contain two: the first, the electric current of asynchronous motor across-the-line starting is excessive, to electrical networkCause larger impact, this has just affected the normal operation of same electrical network miscellaneous equipment; On the other hand, asynchronous motor is in operationTime, load often changes, and this has just caused motor often in underloading and unloaded state, and power factor and efficiency step-down are " largeHorse traction dolly " phenomenon is serious, and electric energy is consumed in vain. So, motor energy-conservation to energy conservation and socioeconomic developmentHave very important significance. Have data to show, the every raising one percentage point of energy saving motor rate, just can save the electricity charge tens every yearUnit. On electrical machine energy-saving, have comparatively aobvious at aspects such as optimizing design of electrical motor technique, technological transformation and reasonable selection before thisThe work of work, still has larger space and reality meaning but how research further improves the energy conservation economic operation of asynchronous motorJustice.
(1), asynchronous motor step-down power-economizing method:
Electric efficiency Optimal Control Strategy, is summed up and can be divided into following several types: based on minimum power factor angleControl method, maximal efficiency control method based on electric efficiency, minimum stator current method, the base detecting based on stator currentIn minimum active power on-line search method of input power etc., in conjunction with existing intelligent control technology as Self Adaptive Control, mouldPaste control, ANN Control etc. realize the intellectuality control of motor.
(2), the motor actuation techniques based on IGBT module:
Converter taking IGBT as core is at industrial motor driving, generation of electricity by new energy, electric power transfer, transformation of electrical energy, electric energyThe extensive use of the field such as quality control and reactive-load compensation, dominate gradually in medium and high-power applications. Drive andThe performance of holding circuit directly affects the performance of IGBT and the safe and stable operation of changer system.
(3), asynchronous machine On-line efficiency Optimal Control Strategy:
Do not rely on the on-line search optimizing method of accurate model for the intelligent power saving control of asynchronous motor. This class optimizing sideMethod mainly contains based on minimum input stator current method, minimum power input method etc. Ensureing what asynchronous electric function was normally movedIn situation, rotation speed change is little, and rotor current is no more than rated value, and asynchronous motor is searched online in certain intervalRope, the operating point of searching efficiency optimization.
At present the power-economizing method hardware of threephase asynchronous is realized the five kinds of modes that mainly contain: based on this body structure of motorImprovement technology, based on the control technology of star-angle conversion, the reactive power compensation on the spot technology based on electric capacity, based on the frequency conversion of frequency converterVariable speed energy saving technology, based on the Energy Saving Technology by Voltage Regulation of IGCT or IGBT.
Improvement technology based on this body structure of motor, the high efficiency motor that has obtained practical application at present mainly contains rare earth foreverMagneto and switched reluctance machines, obtained extensively universal in the state such as the U.S., Canada. But in China, high efficiency motor but beginsThe occupation rate in whole market is low, still needs in this respect national departments concerned to put into effect corresponding laws and regulations and guides.Based on the control technology of star-angle conversion, belong to traditional power save mode, be widely used in the occasion that needs soft start. ButIt is discontinuous that it exists output voltage to change, the shortcoming such as weak effect under heavy duty. Reactive power compensation on the spot technology based on electric capacity, canThe power factor that effectively improves motor, reduces the reactive loss of motor, but cannot reduce active loss, and local compensationThe size of capacitance, does not have clear and definite formula, carrys out matching capacitance by experience, causes unavoidably the situation improperly of mating to occur. CauseThe power savings of this this method is general. Based on the variable-frequency control technique of frequency converter, it is study hotspot in recent years. Because it is softStartability is good, can conveniently adjust the parameter of electric machine, has very large benefit for the prolongation of electrical machinery life. Simultaneously because it can changeThe rotating speed of power transformation machine, so along with the reduction of load, energy consumption also can decline, energy-saving effect is good. Be applied at present frequency conversionThe control technology of speed governing has also obtained development faster, mainly contains constant voltage constant frequency control, slip frequency controlled, vector controlled and straightSwitch through square control etc., and all realized digitlization, and these control technologys are by (fuzzy with modern Intelligent Control TheoryControl, neutral net, genetic algorithm etc.) combination, shown powerful superiority aspect electrical machine energy-saving control andHuge potentiality.
Aspect intelligent motor control strategy, because alternating current generator is non-linear, multivariable, coupled system, and turnedThe impact of square fluctuation, unknown load and the parameter variation of motor own etc., traditional control method is difficult to realize fast, accurately controls and wantAsk. Based Intelligent Control does not rely on object model, has inherited the nonlinear characteristic of human brain thinking, and has inexactness and not in processingIn deterministic problem, obtain handlability, robustness. Because alternating-current actuating system has clearer and more definite Mathematical Modeling, exchangingThe object of introducing Based Intelligent Control in transmission is to make full use of that it is non-linear, become structure, overcome AC Drive from functions such as optimizingThe variable element of system and the factor such as non-linear, thus the robustness of system improved. At present, main Intelligent Control Strategy has fuzzyControl, ANN Control, genetic algorithm, expert's control, SVMs control etc., wherein fuzzy control and neutral net controlBased Intelligent Control processed is comparatively ripe in alternating-current actuating system application.
The shortcoming that prior art exists:
1. the operational efficiency of existing control strategy motor is lower, depends on the Mathematical Modeling of motor.
2. online detected parameters precision is not high, affects the control accuracy of controller.
3. in existing controller, seldom introduce intelligence control system, utilize that it is non-linear, become structure, come from functions such as optimizingOvercome variable element and the factor such as non-linear of transmission system.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is, for the problems referred to above, proposes a kind of New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device, withRealize and on the basis of conventional Regulation Control, can make motor operate in maximizing efficiency, the system that simultaneously ensures has load variationsThe advantage of good following feature.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
A kind of New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device, comprises the first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT module, inverter bridgeAnd asynchronous machine, three-phase alternating current is asynchronous by exporting to after the first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT module and inverter bridge successivelyMotor, also comprises IGBT module drive circuit, data acquisition circuit, exports isolating switch power circuit and DSP control circuit more,The asynchronous machine signal of collection is transferred to DSP control circuit by described data acquisition circuit, the output of described DSP control circuitBe connected the output of described IGBT module drive circuit and the input of IGBT module with the input of IGBT module drive circuitConnect, described many output isolating switch power circuit are respectively IGBT module drive circuit, data acquisition circuit and DSP and control electricityRoad provides dc source.
Further, described many output isolating switch power circuit, comprise input rectifying filter circuit, high frequency transformer,Pwm chip TL2844B and three terminal regulator 7805;
Described input rectifying filter circuit, comprises capacitor C 1, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2, the second rectifier bridge, capacitor C 3, electric capacityC4 and diode D5, described capacitor C 1 is connected to one end of inductance L 1, and described capacitor C 2 is connected to the other end of inductance L 1, described inThe other end of inductance L 1 is connected with the input of the second rectifier bridge, and the output of described the second rectifier bridge connects capacitor C 3, and electricityOne end ground connection of holding C3, the other end of capacitor C 3 is connected with the Same Name of Ends of the armature winding of high frequency transformer, capacitor C 4 and two utmost pointsThe series circuit of pipe D5 composition is connected in parallel on the two ends of high frequency transformer armature winding, and the negative electrode of diode D5 and capacitor C 4 are gone here and thereConnection, resistance R 1 is in parallel with capacitor C 4;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer the first secondary windings is connected with the input of three terminal regulator 7805, and described threeSeries capacitance C13 between the end input of voltage-stablizer 7805 and the earth terminal of three terminal regulator 7805, capacitor C 14 and capacitor C 15The parallel circuit of composition is connected between the earth terminal of three terminal regulator 7805 and the output of three terminal regulator 7805, and described threeThe earth terminal of end voltage-stablizer 7805 is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the first secondary windings;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer second subprime winding and the anodic bonding of diode D10, described diode D10Negative electrode and the different name end of high frequency transformer second subprime winding between series capacitance C18, capacitor C 19 is in parallel with capacitor C 18, heightThe frequency power transformer for the third time Same Name of Ends of level winding is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer second subprime winding, high frequency transformer theThe different name end of three secondary windings is connected with the negative electrode of diode D11, the anode of diode D11 and high frequency transformer for the third time level aroundSeries capacitance C20 between the Same Name of Ends of group, capacitor C 21 is in parallel with capacitor C 20;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings and the anodic bonding of diode D12, described diode D12Negative electrode and the different name end of high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings between series capacitance C22, capacitor C 23 is in parallel with capacitor C 22, heightThe Same Name of Ends of frequency power transformer the 5th secondary windings is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings, high frequency transformerThe different name end of five secondary windings is connected with the negative electrode of diode D13, the 5th level of the anode of diode D13 and high frequency transformer aroundSeries capacitance C24 between the Same Name of Ends of group, capacitor C 25 is in parallel with capacitor C 24;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings and the anodic bonding of diode D14, described diode D14Negative electrode and the different name end of high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings between series capacitance C26, capacitor C 27 is in parallel with capacitor C 26, heightThe Same Name of Ends of frequency power transformer the 7th secondary windings is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings, high frequency transformerThe different name end of seven secondary windings is connected with the negative electrode of diode D15, the 7th level of the anode of diode D15 and high frequency transformer aroundSeries capacitance C28 between the Same Name of Ends of group, capacitor C 29 is in parallel with capacitor C 28;
The negative electrode of described diode D12 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D14, and between diode D12 and diode D14Series resistance R12 between node and the input of photoelectrical coupler, an input of one end of resistance R 12 and photoelectrical couplerConnect, the other end of resistance R 12 is connected with resistance R 14, and resistance R 14 capacitor C 10 are connected, and resistance C10 and Zener diode U2 are alsoConnection, the output of Zener diode U2 is connected with another input of photoelectrical coupler, and the output of photoelectrical coupler connectsCapacitor C 9, one end ground connection of capacitor C 9, the current compensation control pin of the other end of capacitor C 9 and pwm chip TL2844BCOMP connects, and the output pin OUTPUT of pwm chip TL2844B is connected with the negative electrode of diode D8, the sun of diode D8The utmost point is connected with resistance R 7, and the series circuit that diode D8 forms with resistance R 7 is in parallel with resistance R 8, between resistance R 7 and resistance R 8Node be connected with the grid of FET Q1, series electrical successively between the grid of FET Q1 and the source electrode of FET Q1Resistance R9, resistance R 11 and resistance R 10, the drain electrode of FET Q1 is connected with the different name end of the armature winding of high frequency transformer, high frequencyThe Same Name of Ends of the 8th secondary windings of transformer and the anodic bonding of diode D7, the negative electrode of diode D7 and pwm chipSeries resistance R6 between the power pin Vcc of TL2844B, the power pin Vcc of described pwm chip TL2844B and resistanceBetween the different name end of the 8th secondary windings of the node between R6 and high frequency transformer, be connected capacitor C 5, capacitor C 6 and capacitor C 5 are alsoConnection, the power pin Vcc of pwm chip TL2844B is connected with the negative electrode of diode D6, and the anode of diode D6 and high frequency becomeSeries resistance R2 between the Same Name of Ends of the armature winding of depressor, resistance R 3 is in parallel with diode D6.
Further, described IGBT module drive circuit, comprises half-bridge driven under the upper half-bridge drive circuit of IGBT and IGBTCircuit, and the upper half-bridge drive circuit of described IGBT is identical with half-bridge driving circuit structure under IGBT, the upper half-bridge driven of described IGBTCircuit comprises the gate driver circuit of isolation drive chip and IGBT, wherein the gate driver circuit of isolation drive chip and IGBTElectrical connection, the gate driver circuit of described IGBT comprise diode D9, diode D19, resistance R 30, resistance R 15, capacitor C 59,Electric capacity E6, capacitor C 58, electric capacity E7, Zener diode Z1 and Zener diode Z2, described Zener diode Z1 and Zener diodeThe series circuit of Z2 composition is in parallel with resistance R 15, the anodic bonding of the anode of described Zener diode Z1 and Zener diode Z2,The negative electrode of Zener diode Z1 is connected with one end of resistance R 30, the other end of resistance R 30 and isolation drive chip TLP350'sVoltage output end connects, and the negative electrode of diode D19 is connected with the earth terminal of isolation drive chip TLP350, the negative electrode of diode D9Be connected series capacitance C59 between the anode of diode D19 and the anode of diode D9 with isolation drive chip TLP350 power endWith capacitor C 58, electric capacity E6 is in parallel with capacitor C 59, and electric capacity E7 is in parallel with capacitor C 58.
Further, described data acquisition circuit, comprises Hall element and alternating current modulate circuit, and wherein Hall passesThe output of sensor connects alternating current modulate circuit, alternating current modulate circuit, comprise current transformer TIa, resistance R a6,Resistance R a7, resistance R a8, resistance R a9, resistance R a10, resistance R a11, resistance R a12, resistance R a13, resistance R a14, capacitor C a3,Capacitor C a4, operational amplifier U3A and operational amplifier U3B, resistance R a10, resistance R a12, resistance R a13 and resistance R a11 compositionSeries arm be connected to the output of current transformer TIa after in parallel with resistance R a9, between resistance R a10 and resistance R a12Node is connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U3A, and the output of operational amplifier U3A and operational amplifier U3A's is anti-Series resistance Ra8 between phase input, the node between resistance R a11 and resistance R a13 and the input of the homophase of operational amplifier U3BEnd connects, series resistance Ra6 between the output of operational amplifier U3B and the inverting input of operational amplifier U3B, and computing is putSeries resistance Ra7, resistance R a11 and resistance R a13 between the large inverting input of device U3A and the output of operational amplifier U3BBetween node and node between resistance R a10 and resistance R a12 between series capacitance Ca4 and capacitor C a3 successively, operation amplifierThe inverting input of the device U3B ground connection of connecting with resistance R a14.
The technical solution of the utility model has following beneficial effect:
The technical solution of the utility model, controls IGBT module drive circuit by DSP, and then controls IGBT module, fromAnd reach the effect of controlling asynchronous machine, reach and on the basis of conventional Regulation Control, can make motor operate in efficiency maximumChange, the system that simultaneously ensures has the object of good following feature to load variations.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device described in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the electronic circuitry of the many output isolating switch power circuit described in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the electronic circuitry of the upper half-bridge drive circuit of IGBT described in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the electronic circuitry of the data acquisition circuit described in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the theory diagram of the many output isolating switch power circuit described in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is on-line search optimizing schematic diagram in energy-conservation optimal control policy;
Fig. 7 is Auto-matching subregion optimizing flow chart in energy-conservation optimal control policy;
Fig. 8 is Fibonacci method automatic optimal algorithm flow chart in energy-conservation optimal control policy;
Fig. 9 is the optimum control flow chart of the energy saver described in the utility model embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described, should be appreciated that described herein excellentSelect embodiment only for description and interpretation the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device, comprises the first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT mouldPiece, inverter bridge and asynchronous machine, three-phase alternating current is successively by after the first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT module and inverter bridgeExport asynchronous machine to, also comprise IGBT module drive circuit, data acquisition circuit, export more isolating switch power circuit andDSP control circuit, the asynchronous machine signal of collection is transferred to DSP control circuit by data acquisition circuit, DSP control circuit defeatedGo out end and be connected with the input of IGBT module drive circuit, the output of IGBT module drive circuit and the input of IGBT moduleConnect, export isolating switch power circuit more and be respectively IGBT module drive circuit, data acquisition circuit and DSP control circuit and carryFor dc source.
As shown in Figure 2, export isolating switch power circuit more, comprise input rectifying filter circuit, high frequency transformer, PWMControl chip TL2844B and three terminal regulator 7805;
Input rectifying filter circuit, comprise capacitor C 1, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2, the second rectifier bridge, capacitor C 3, capacitor C 4 andDiode D5, capacitor C 1 is connected to one end of inductance L 1, capacitor C 2 is connected to the other end of inductance L 1, the other end of inductance L 1 withThe input of the second rectifier bridge connects, and the output of the second rectifier bridge connects capacitor C 3, and one end ground connection of capacitor C 3, capacitor C 3The other end be connected with the Same Name of Ends of the armature winding of high frequency transformer, the series circuit parallel connection of capacitor C 4 and diode D5 compositionAt the two ends of high frequency transformer armature winding, and the negative electrode of diode D5 connects with capacitor C 4, and resistance R 1 is in parallel with capacitor C 4;
The Same Name of Ends of high frequency transformer the first secondary windings is connected with the input of three terminal regulator 7805, three terminal regulatorSeries capacitance C13 between the earth terminal of 7805 input and three terminal regulator 7805, capacitor C 14 and capacitor C 15 form alsoConnection circuit is connected between the earth terminal of three terminal regulator 7805 and the output of three terminal regulator 7805, three terminal regulator 7805Earth terminal be connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the first secondary windings;
The Same Name of Ends of high frequency transformer second subprime winding and the anodic bonding of diode D10, the negative electrode of diode D10 withSeries capacitance C18 between the different name end of high frequency transformer second subprime winding, capacitor C 19 is in parallel with capacitor C 18, high frequency transformerThe Same Name of Ends of level winding is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer second subprime winding for the third time, high frequency transformer for the third time grade aroundThe different name end of group is connected with the negative electrode of diode D11, the anode of diode D11 and high frequency transformer grade winding of the same name for the third timeSeries capacitance C20 between end, capacitor C 21 is in parallel with capacitor C 20;
The Same Name of Ends of high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings and the anodic bonding of diode D12, the negative electrode of diode D12 withSeries capacitance C22 between the different name end of high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings, capacitor C 23 is in parallel with capacitor C 22, high frequency transformerThe Same Name of Ends of the 5th secondary windings is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings, the 5th level of high frequency transformer aroundThe different name end of group is connected with the negative electrode of diode D13, the anode of diode D13 and high frequency transformer the 5th secondary windings of the same nameSeries capacitance C24 between end, capacitor C 25 is in parallel with capacitor C 24;
The Same Name of Ends of high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings and the anodic bonding of diode D14, the negative electrode of diode D14 withSeries capacitance C26 between the different name end of high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings, capacitor C 27 is in parallel with capacitor C 26, high frequency transformerThe Same Name of Ends of the 7th secondary windings is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings, the 7th level of high frequency transformer aroundThe different name end of group is connected with the negative electrode of diode D15, the anode of diode D15 and high frequency transformer the 7th secondary windings of the same nameSeries capacitance C28 between end, capacitor C 29 is in parallel with capacitor C 28;
The negative electrode of diode D12 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D14, and node between diode D12 and diode D14And series resistance R12 between the input of photoelectrical coupler, an input of one end of resistance R 12 and photoelectrical coupler connectsConnect, the other end of resistance R 12 is connected with resistance R 14, and resistance R 14 capacitor C 10 are connected, and resistance C10 is in parallel with Zener diode U2,The output of Zener diode U2 is connected with another input of photoelectrical coupler, and the output of photoelectrical coupler connects electric capacityC9, one end ground connection of capacitor C 9, the current compensation control pin COMP of the other end of capacitor C 9 and pwm chip TL2844BConnect, the output pin OUTPUT of pwm chip TL2844B is connected with the negative electrode of diode D8, the anode of diode D8 andResistance R 7 connects, and the series circuit that diode D8 forms with resistance R 7 is in parallel with resistance R 8, the joint between resistance R 7 and resistance R 8Point is connected with the grid of FET Q1, series resistance successively between the grid of FET Q1 and the source electrode of FET Q1R9, resistance R 11 and resistance R 10, the drain electrode of FET Q1 is connected with the different name end of the armature winding of high frequency transformer, and high frequency becomesThe Same Name of Ends of the 8th secondary windings of depressor and the anodic bonding of diode D7, the negative electrode of diode D7 and pwm chipSeries resistance R6 between the power pin Vcc of TL2844B, the power pin Vcc of pwm chip TL2844B and resistance R 6 itBetween node and the different name end of the 8th secondary windings of high frequency transformer between be connected capacitor C 5, capacitor C 6 is in parallel with capacitor C 5,The power pin Vcc of pwm chip TL2844B is connected with the negative electrode of diode D6, the anode of diode D6 and high frequency transformationSeries resistance R2 between the Same Name of Ends of the armature winding of device, resistance R 3 is in parallel with diode D6.
As shown in Figure 5, designed with many outputs of two Closed-loop Cascade control topology structures of current inner loop outer voltage and openedClose power supply, the scheme taking pwm chip TL2844B as the single-ended reverse exciting multi-output switch power source of adjusting core, to high frequencyDesigning of the circuit such as transformer, snubber circuit, start-up circuit, voltage feedback circuit, current limit. This power-supply systemEach road Voltage-output is stable, and high-frequency noise is little, in actual applications, has met the asynchronous machine joint taking IGBT module as inverterEnergy control system accessory power supply will be realized the requirement of wide range input and Multiple isolated outputs.
Whole circuit is by input rectifying filter circuit, high frequency depressor, start-up circuit, mu balanced circuit, output circuit, feedback electricityThe composition such as road and holding circuit. 220V alternating current after rectifying and wave-filtering, by be converted to+24V of single end flyback converter ,+15V and-5V, ± 15V ,+5V output, wherein+5V ,+15V and-the most important and ripple of 5V output has relatively high expectations, therefore right+15V and-5V output carries out Voltage Feedback adjusting; Right+5V output adopts 7805 to carry out voltage stabilizing. The load of considering accessory power supply isFix, the quality requirement of other each road output voltages is not high, is meeting under system requirements, considers that angle is set out cheaply,Do not adopting secondary pressure and LC filtering for other each road outputs.
As shown in Figure 3, IGBT module drive circuit, comprises half-bridge driven electricity under the upper half-bridge drive circuit of IGBT and IGBTRoad, and the upper half-bridge drive circuit of IGBT is identical with half-bridge driving circuit structure under IGBT, the upper half-bridge drive circuit of IGBT comprise everyFrom the gate driver circuit that drives chip and IGBT, wherein isolation drive chip is electrically connected with the gate driver circuit of IGBT,The gate driver circuit of IGBT comprises diode D9, diode D19, resistance R 30, resistance R 15, capacitor C 59, electric capacity E6, electric capacityC58, electric capacity E7, Zener diode Z1 and Zener diode Z2, the series electrical of Zener diode Z1 and Zener diode Z2 compositionRoad is in parallel with resistance R 15, the anodic bonding of the anode of Zener diode Z1 and Zener diode Z2, the negative electrode of Zener diode Z1Be connected with one end of resistance R 30, the other end of resistance R 30 is connected with the voltage output end of isolation drive chip TLP350, two utmost pointsThe negative electrode of pipe D19 is connected with the earth terminal of isolation drive chip TLP350, the negative electrode of diode D9 and isolation drive chipTLP350 power end connects, series capacitance C59 and capacitor C 58 between the anode of diode D19 and the anode of diode D9, electric capacityE6 is in parallel with capacitor C 59, and electric capacity E7 is in parallel with capacitor C 58.
IGBT module has been selected 7MBR100U4B120-50, and its rated voltage is 1200V, and rated current is 75A. Its drivingAs shown in Figure 3, isolation drive chip is selected isolation optocoupler TLP350 to circuit, is applicable to the gate driver circuit of IGBT. Input electricityStream threshold values 5mA, supply voltage 15～35V, output current ± 2.0A(maximum), isolation voltage 3750V, on/off time(tPLH/tPHL) 0.5 μ s. TLP350 optocoupler had both ensured the reliable isolation of power driving circuit and PWM pulse-width modulation circuit, againPossess the ability of direct driven MOS FET, made drive circuit simple.
IGBT module drive and holding circuit terminal are pressed and are considered:
1. rated operational voltage and rated current;
2. the positive anti-bias voltage of gate pole;
3. gate electrode resistance;
4. gate pole over-voltage over-current protection;
5. electricity isolation between drive circuit and main control circuit.
As shown in Figure 4, data acquisition circuit, comprises Hall element and alternating current modulate circuit, wherein hall sensingThe output of device connects alternating current modulate circuit, and alternating current modulate circuit, comprises current transformer TIa, resistance R a6, electricityResistance Ra7, resistance R a8, resistance R a9, resistance R a10, resistance R a11, resistance R a12, resistance R a13, resistance R a14, capacitor C a3, electricityHold Ca4, operational amplifier U3A and operational amplifier U3B, resistance R a10, resistance R a12, resistance R a13 and resistance R a11 compositionAfter series arm is in parallel with resistance R a9, be connected to the output of current transformer TIa, the joint between resistance R a10 and resistance R a12Point is connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U3A, and the output of operational amplifier U3A and operational amplifier U3A's is anti-phaseSeries resistance Ra8 between input, the node between resistance R a11 and resistance R a13 and the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U3BConnect series resistance Ra6 between the output of operational amplifier U3B and the inverting input of operational amplifier U3B, operation amplifierSeries resistance Ra7 between the output of the inverting input of device U3A and operational amplifier U3B, resistance R a11 and resistance R a13 itBetween node and node between resistance R a10 and resistance R a12 between series capacitance Ca4 and capacitor C a3 successively, operational amplifierThe inverting input of the U3B ground connection of connecting with resistance R a14.
Hall current sensor is selected TBC50SY, specified input current 30A, and rated output voltage ± 4 ± 0.5%V, it is defeatedGo out alternating current as output signal. The A/D input reference signal of TMS320F2406 is that therefore necessary interpolation is suitable for 0～3V.Modulate circuit is to meet the requirement of A/D input. In alternating current modulate circuit Fig. 3, ac current signal is through accurate sampling resistorCurrent signal is transformed to voltage signal, by 2.5V reference power supply, AC signal is raised and become direct current signal, then by amplifierThe phase inverter forming: clamp amplitude limiter circuit, to ensure that output voltage signal is at 0～3V, meets the A/D input of TMS320F2406Range of signal.
Technical solution of the present invention proposes to realize the control algolithm of above-mentioned functions according to the loss model of motor, with DSPWith IGBT module be core design control circuit, and design driven circuit, testing circuit, holding circuit and main circuit etc., andOn designed hardware platform, realize the control algolithm proposing, thereby complete energy-conservation requirement.
In asynchronous motor operation control system, mainly contain at present variable-frequency control technique and end electricity for energy-saving run controlPress Energy Saving Technology by Voltage Regulation. Variable-frequency control technique has been obtained good energy-conservation in the occasion of the needs such as blower fan, water pump speed governing on a large scaleEffect, but be difficult to embody compared with its energy-conservation advantage of occasion that needs greatly and not speed governing for load variations, and motor terminal voltage is adjustedPressure technology is applicable to the device energy conservation of constant speed pressure regulation. But for the application of motor terminal voltage voltage-regulating technique, to rely on more at presentThe accurate model of motor, but be comparatively difficult for the model parameter of obtaining motor, and in the use of motor, owing to makingWith environment, electrical machinery life etc. change over time, shown in the parameter of motor be also vicissitudinous, cause motor model notAccurately, the control accuracy that makes it motor reduces, energy-saving effect variation. On the control strategy of motor, draw at intelligent control algorithmEnter above, much under test at present, still less in actual application. On design cost, reduce application cost alsoIt is the key of device design.
As shown in Figure 1, whole device comprises commutation inversion main circuit, IGBT module drive circuit, testing circuit, auxiliary electricalSource circuit, based on the part such as TMS320F2406 governor circuit, holding circuit and interface circuit composition.
The each device of main circuit is carried out to parameter matching, appropriate design rectification circuit and contrary according to the parameter of design capacity motorPower transformation road, comprises the design to inlet wire wave filter; Design IGBT drive circuit, realizes the reliable driving to IGBT; According to systemThe auxiliary switching power supply circuit that meets system requirements is designed in requirement, comprises multichannel IGBT driving power, fans drive power supply, masterControl plate power supply etc.; Design each testing circuit, comprise three-phase current detection circuit and voltage detecting circuit, and want according to systemAsk other auxiliary circuits of design; Designed the governor circuit based on TMS320F2406, for realize to motor carry out energy-saving pressure-regulation orEvery algorithm of VFC, is the key foundation that systematic control algorithm is realized, and rapidity and real-time is wanted meeting systemReliability and the flexibility of system when asking, are ensured; The rectification adverser forming taking IGBT module as core, realizes differentTwo kinds of energy saver mode power supply outputs of step motor constant speed Regulation Control and variable frequency regulating speed control.
The control program algorithm design of New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device:
(1) energy-conservation optimal control policy:
This device uses the on-line search optimizing method that does not rely on accurate model. This class optimization method mainly contains based on minimum defeatedEnter stator current method, minimum power input method etc. In the situation that ensureing the normal operation of asynchronous electric function, rotation speed change is notGreatly, rotor current is no more than rated value, makes asynchronous motor carry out on-line search in certain interval, finds the work of efficiency optimizationDo a little.
As shown in Figure 6, after on-line search system output U, U is through asynchronous motor total system for the principle of on-line search optimizingOutput x after reaction, feedback quantity x obtains the input quantity X ' of on-line search module after feedback detects, and X ' enters on-line search optimizingSystem, through the comprehensive optimizing analysis of optimizing system, the output U that must make new advances, whole system enters optimizing circulation thus. System processAfter the online optimizing of several times, can dwindle gradually the optimizing region of search, until find the optimized operation operating point of asynchronous motor.
(1) the stator minimum current control on-line search optimized algorithm based on golden cut algorithm:
According under rated voltage, the size of motor stator electric current is carried out the weight of identification load, by the load state of motor, comesAutomatically carry out minimum current optimizing. In order to shorten search time, first determine the number of subregion optimizing, as too many in subregion,Accuracy is inadequate, has little significance very little, considers to set three optimizing intervals more reasonable. Ensureing pressure regulation rear motor rotating speedSubstantially remain unchanged, consider uncertain factor, add certain optimizing voltage range threshold values, according to the situation of subregion,Two identification electrical voltage point 315V of initial setting and 325V, and three optimizing voltage ranges, be respectively [280V, 310V]; [300V,330V]；[320V，400V]。
As shown in Figure 7, in the time that the load of threephase asynchronous changes, the stator current of motor can correspondingly becomeChange. Due to the real-time monitoring of online optimizing module, its can start in time online optimizing program, detects determining under rated voltage nowElectron current, willKnow with oneself，Compare, come now corresponding optimizing interval of Auto-matching according to result relatively,The optimum energy conservation point of motor in this interval of final online optimizing.
Based on the online Fibonacci method automatic optimal of asynchronous motor minimum stator current algorithm flow as shown in Figure 8.
Energy-saving controller for electric motor has real-time online optimizing function, in the time that motor load changes, and the stator of motorElectric current can correspondingly change, because online optimizing program has the function of real-time monitoring, and the stator that its can detect according to front and backCurent change situation, makes a response in time, reaches the energy-conservation order of automatic search optimizing of motor.
The feature of comprehensive said method, can consider stator minimum current method and Fibonacci method to carry out combination, obtainsA kind of mixing control method, carries out complementation by both advantages. First utilize stator minimum current method to obtain a summary conservativeVoltage change is then suitably expanded near this adjusted value, ensures that the efficiency optimization point of motor is involved, like this canThe region of search while being greatly contracted in golden cut algorithm can be avoided the large of motor stator voltage simultaneously in the process of searchAmplitude hit, is unlikely to cause the large fluctuations such as motor output electromagnetic torque, electric current, has shortened transitional processes simultaneously, has acceleratedThe speed of search.
In sum, the utlity model has following effect:
1, device the key technical indexes:
1. power supply: three-phase 380V, 50/60Hz.
2. starting voltage: 30～70% of supply voltage.
Starting torsion: 10～50% of across-the-line starting torsion.
Soft starting time: set for 0.5～60 second.
The soft stop time; Within 0.5～60 second, set.
3. working method: total head working method, constant speed pressure regulating energy-saving mode, variable-frequency speed-adjusting energy-saving mode.
4. control mode: under total head working method, energy-saving controller is by relay bypass, and motor is directly supplied by civil powerElectricity. Under constant speed pressure regulating energy-saving mode, energy-saving controller is according to the automatic step-down of load, booste operation. Variable-frequency speed-adjusting energy-saving mode, handFlowing mode regulating frequency changes within the scope of 0～50HZ, realizes frequency control.
5. fault detect: phase shortage and circuit are short-circuited can autostop.
6. parameter input: input motor nameplate, energy-saving controller can, according to parameter of electric machine self study, be set up motor mouldType.
7. show: can show voltage, electric current, frequency, motor speed by arranging.
8. LED light instruction: power supply, operation, starting, shutdown, fault and energy-saving run.
9. fan voltage: 220V or 380V.
1, energy-saving effect:
Utilize energy saver, the asynchronous machine that is 5.5kW to rated power is tested. Ensureing that motor is specified turnsIn the situation that speed remains unchanged, carry out step-down energy-conservation for access unequally loaded motor, before and after its access, energy-saving effect is as table 1Shown in. Experiment test proves, economizes on electricity respond well when motor underloading, and when unloaded, energy-saving effect reaches 27.3%, when load is greater than60% time, power savings is very not obvious, even efficiency step-down, and motor is more suitable for total head work. Therefore, utilize and reduce motor sideIt is limited that the method for voltage is carried out the energy-conservation scope of application, only under zero load or light condition, is just applicable to step-down at motorEnergy-conservation.
Comparison sheet before and after table 1, input energy-saving control device.
Finally it should be noted that: the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to thisUtility model, although have been described in detail the utility model with reference to previous embodiment, for those skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or to part technical characterictic whereinBe equal to replacement. All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., allWithin should being included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. a New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device, comprise the first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT module, inverter bridge andAsynchronous machine, three-phase alternating current is successively by exporting asynchronous electricity to after the first rectifier bridge, filter circuit, IGBT module and inverter bridgeMachine, is characterized in that, also comprises IGBT module drive circuit, data acquisition circuit, exports isolating switch power circuit and DSP moreControl circuit, the asynchronous machine signal of collection is transferred to DSP control circuit by described data acquisition circuit, and described DSP controls electricityThe output on road is connected with the input of IGBT module drive circuit, the output of described IGBT module drive circuit and IGBT mouldThe input of piece connects, and described many output isolating switch power circuit are respectively IGBT module drive circuit, data acquisition circuitProvide dc source with DSP control circuit.
2. New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described many output is kept apartClose power circuit, comprise input rectifying filter circuit, high frequency transformer, pwm chip TL2844B and three terminal regulator7805；
Described input rectifying filter circuit, comprise capacitor C 1, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2, the second rectifier bridge, capacitor C 3, capacitor C 4 andDiode D5, described capacitor C 1 is connected to one end of inductance L 1, and described capacitor C 2 is connected to the other end of inductance L 1, described inductanceThe other end of L1 is connected with the input of the second rectifier bridge, and the output of described the second rectifier bridge connects capacitor C 3, and capacitor C 3One end ground connection, the other end of capacitor C 3 is connected with the Same Name of Ends of the armature winding of high frequency transformer, capacitor C 4 and diode D5The series circuit of composition is connected in parallel on the two ends of high frequency transformer armature winding, and the negative electrode of diode D5 connects with capacitor C 4, electricityR1 is in parallel with capacitor C 4 in resistance;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer the first secondary windings is connected with the input of three terminal regulator 7805, and described three ends are steadySeries capacitance C13 between the earth terminal of the input of depressor 7805 and three terminal regulator 7805, capacitor C 14 and capacitor C 15 formParallel circuit be connected between the earth terminal of three terminal regulator 7805 and the output of three terminal regulator 7805, described three ends are steadyThe earth terminal of depressor 7805 is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the first secondary windings;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer second subprime winding and the anodic bonding of diode D10, the moon of described diode D10Series capacitance C18 between the different name end of the utmost point and high frequency transformer second subprime winding, capacitor C 19 is in parallel with capacitor C 18, and high frequency becomesThe depressor for the third time Same Name of Ends of level winding is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer second subprime winding, and high frequency transformer for the third timeThe different name end of level winding is connected with the negative electrode of diode D11, the anode of diode D11 and high frequency transformer grade winding for the third timeSeries capacitance C20 between Same Name of Ends, capacitor C 21 is in parallel with capacitor C 20;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings and the anodic bonding of diode D12, the moon of described diode D12Series capacitance C22 between the different name end of the utmost point and high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings, capacitor C 23 is in parallel with capacitor C 22, and high frequency becomesThe Same Name of Ends of depressor the 5th secondary windings is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the 4th secondary windings, high frequency transformer the 5th timeThe different name end of level winding is connected with the negative electrode of diode D13, the anode of diode D13 and high frequency transformer the 5th secondary windingsSeries capacitance C24 between Same Name of Ends, capacitor C 25 is in parallel with capacitor C 24;
The Same Name of Ends of described high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings and the anodic bonding of diode D14, the moon of described diode D14Series capacitance C26 between the different name end of the utmost point and high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings, capacitor C 27 is in parallel with capacitor C 26, and high frequency becomesThe Same Name of Ends of depressor the 7th secondary windings is connected with the different name end of high frequency transformer the 6th secondary windings, high frequency transformer the 7th timeThe different name end of level winding is connected with the negative electrode of diode D15, the anode of diode D15 and high frequency transformer the 7th secondary windingsSeries capacitance C28 between Same Name of Ends, capacitor C 29 is in parallel with capacitor C 28;
The negative electrode of described diode D12 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D14, and node between diode D12 and diode D14And series resistance R12 between the input of photoelectrical coupler, an input of one end of resistance R 12 and photoelectrical coupler connectsConnect, the other end of resistance R 12 is connected with resistance R 14, and resistance R 14 capacitor C 10 are connected, and resistance C10 is in parallel with Zener diode U2,The output of Zener diode U2 is connected with another input of photoelectrical coupler, and the output of photoelectrical coupler connects electric capacityC9, one end ground connection of capacitor C 9, the current compensation control pin COMP of the other end of capacitor C 9 and pwm chip TL2844BConnect, the output pin OUTPUT of pwm chip TL2844B is connected with the negative electrode of diode D8, the anode of diode D8 andResistance R 7 connects, and the series circuit that diode D8 forms with resistance R 7 is in parallel with resistance R 8, the joint between resistance R 7 and resistance R 8Point is connected with the grid of FET Q1, series resistance successively between the grid of FET Q1 and the source electrode of FET Q1R9, resistance R 11 and resistance R 10, the drain electrode of FET Q1 is connected with the different name end of the armature winding of high frequency transformer, and high frequency becomesThe Same Name of Ends of the 8th secondary windings of depressor and the anodic bonding of diode D7, the negative electrode of diode D7 and pwm chipSeries resistance R6 between the power pin Vcc of TL2844B, the power pin Vcc of described pwm chip TL2844B and resistanceBetween the different name end of the 8th secondary windings of the node between R6 and high frequency transformer, be connected capacitor C 5, capacitor C 6 and capacitor C 5 are alsoConnection, the power pin Vcc of pwm chip TL2844B is connected with the negative electrode of diode D6, and the anode of diode D6 and high frequency becomeSeries resistance R2 between the Same Name of Ends of the armature winding of depressor, resistance R 3 is in parallel with diode D6.
3. New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described IGBT module driveCircuit, comprises half-bridge drive circuit under the upper half-bridge drive circuit of IGBT and IGBT, and the upper half-bridge drive circuit of described IGBT withUnder IGBT, half-bridge driving circuit structure is identical, and the upper half-bridge drive circuit of described IGBT comprises the grid of isolation drive chip and IGBTDrive circuit, wherein isolation drive chip is electrically connected with the gate driver circuit of IGBT, the gate driver circuit bag of described IGBTDraw together diode D9, diode D19, resistance R 30, resistance R 15, capacitor C 59, electric capacity E6, capacitor C 58, electric capacity E7, Zener diodeZ1 and Zener diode Z2, described Zener diode Z1 is in parallel with resistance R 15 with the series circuit of Zener diode Z2 composition, instituteState the anode of Zener diode Z1 and the anodic bonding of Zener diode Z2, one of the negative electrode of Zener diode Z1 and resistance R 30End connect, the other end of resistance R 30 is connected with the voltage output end of isolation drive chip TLP350, the negative electrode of diode D19 andThe earth terminal of isolation drive chip TLP350 connects, and the negative electrode of diode D9 is connected with isolation drive chip TLP350 power end,Series capacitance C59 and capacitor C 58 between the anode of the anode of diode D19 and diode D9, electric capacity E6 is in parallel with capacitor C 59,Electric capacity E7 is in parallel with capacitor C 58.
4. New Low Voltage distribution step-down energy-saving device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described data acquisition current collectionRoad, comprises Hall element and alternating current modulate circuit, and wherein the output of Hall element connects alternating current conditioning electricityRoad, alternating current modulate circuit, comprises current transformer TIa, resistance R a6, resistance R a7, resistance R a8, resistance R a9, resistanceRa10, resistance R a11, resistance R a12, resistance R a13, resistance R a14, capacitor C a3, capacitor C a4, operational amplifier U3A and computingAmplifier U3B, connects after the series arm of resistance R a10, resistance R a12, resistance R a13 and resistance R a11 composition is in parallel with resistance R a9Be connected on the output of current transformer TIa, the node between resistance R a10 and resistance R a12 and the homophase of operational amplifier U3A are defeatedEnter end and connect, series resistance Ra8 between the output of operational amplifier U3A and the inverting input of operational amplifier U3A, resistanceNode between Ra11 and resistance R a13 is connected with the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U3B, the output of operational amplifier U3BAnd series resistance Ra6 between the inverting input of operational amplifier U3B, inverting input and the computing of operational amplifier U3A are putSeries resistance Ra7 between the output of large device U3B, the node between resistance R a11 and resistance R a13 and resistance R a10 and resistanceSeries capacitance Ca4 and capacitor C a3 successively between node between Ra12, the inverting input of operational amplifier U3B and resistanceThe Ra14 ground connection of connecting.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106100378A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-09 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of wide scope input, the flyback power supply of Multiple isolated outputs |
| CN107769568A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-03-06 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Insulating power supply circuit, method to set up, power driving power supply and equipment |
| CN107910875A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-04-13 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司沈阳供电公司 | A kind of power distribution network DSP voltage control systems |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106100378A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-09 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of wide scope input, the flyback power supply of Multiple isolated outputs |
| CN107769568A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-03-06 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Insulating power supply circuit, method to set up, power driving power supply and equipment |
| CN107910875A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-04-13 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司沈阳供电公司 | A kind of power distribution network DSP voltage control systems |
| CN107910875B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2024-02-13 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司沈阳供电公司 | Power distribution network DSP voltage regulation control system |
| CN108462418A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-28 | 佛山市陆玖科技有限公司 | A kind of motor Constant-power drive device |
| CN108462418B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2024-03-19 | 佛山市小奇科技有限公司 | Constant-power driver of motor |
| CN108650726A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-12 | 九阳股份有限公司 | The half-bridge circuit and electromagnetic heater of electromagnetic heater |
| CN110061679A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of Intelligent frequency conversion speed adjusting device and its control method suitable for pulse-type load |
| CN112994502A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-06-18 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle IGBT module loss reduction circuit, control method and motor controller |
| WO2023279747A1 (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-01-12 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Electric motor controller and electric motor using same |
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