CN205160339U - Mixed type braking excitation structure for maglev train - Google Patents
Mixed type braking excitation structure for maglev train Download PDFInfo
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- CN205160339U CN205160339U CN201520952374.3U CN201520952374U CN205160339U CN 205160339 U CN205160339 U CN 205160339U CN 201520952374 U CN201520952374 U CN 201520952374U CN 205160339 U CN205160339 U CN 205160339U
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000819 phase cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a mixed type braking excitation structure for maglev train. The magnetic pole that to comprise electromagnet and permanent magnet is at rail orientation tandem arrangement and install the train vehicle bottom directly over lieing in the rail: the magnetic pole includes iron core, armature coil and permanent magnet, and the iron core arranges at rail orientation interval arrangement that the armature coil that has excitation current was led to in the winding around every iron core level was outer, and the permanent magnet is installed on the iron core top to form the magnetic pole, install along the yoke of rail direction each permanent magnet upper end, and the wearing plate is installed to each iron core lower extreme. The utility model discloses can realize the maglev train dynamic braking process through the regulation of excitation coil excitation current size, through reverse excitation, realize simply reseing of braking system, the magnetic force that utilizes the permanent magnet strengthens eddy -current braking control and friction braking effect, reduces systematic generating heat, the energy -conserving effect and the heat pipe reason of implementation system to the safe braking mode of trouble direction has.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relate to a kind of train braking structure, especially relate to a kind of magnetic suspension train mixed type and brakes excitation structure.
Background technology
Magnetic suspension train as a kind of novel ground transportation instrument, have speed fast, operate steadily, the advantage such as noise is low, environmental impact is little.Because its fireballing feature, the braking system of magnetic suspension train is more more complicated and important than ordinary train.At present, the pattern that magnetic suspension train generally adopts dynamic braking, mechanical friction braking combines with eddy current braking.Dynamic braking mode, i.e. electric braking, by changing the electric current phase sequence passing into motor, the power that original motor is exported oppositely becomes braking force, there is the advantages such as energy-saving and environmental protection, control performance be good, but owing to holding the requirement of each side such as quantitative limitation, the consideration of fail safe and trailer brake, brake hard, emergency brake, the needs of train braking often independently can not be met.Mechanical friction braking utilizes brake block to give as security generation frictional resistance in orbit to brake, usually at low speed or in emergency circumstances use, the modes of braking such as air, hydraulic braking and the electricity sky developed on this basis, electric liquid are the major mechanical friction catch modes adopted at present.And eddy current braking is the relative motion utilizing magnetic field on train and track, in track, produce induced potential, and then produce eddy current, make the kinetic transformation of train be that the thermal dissipation of track is gone out.High-Speed Eddy Braking, because of advantages such as its wearing and tearing are little, control performance is good, plays an important role, and also have investigation and application in other non-maglev bullet train in magnetic suspension train braking system.
Common eddy current brake systems is generated an electromagnetic field by magnet exciting coil usually, magnetic field and track relative motion, and then produces eddy current and braking force and brake.This excitation structure all carries out control for brake by exciting current in whole braking procedure, therefore can be too high because of the excessive energy loss that causes of exciting power, and the problems such as the magnet exciting coil heating caused thus, thus affect braking effect.Secondly, the dump when train is parked, natural eddy current brake systems can not work.In addition, when some bad working environments appear in magnetic suspension train, during field circuit system dead electricity, common eddy current brake systems thoroughly will lose efficacy in default of exciting current, lack failure safe guiding.For this reason, ICE3 has installed jumbo nickel-cadmium cell power supply in support, and has installed additional friction braking system in addition as stand-by redundancy, but the weakness of common vortex rail braking system itself still exists, and have impact on the lightweight of magnetic suspension train.
For the problems referred to above, in prior art, lack novel magnetic suspension train braking system, by realizing the effective brake of magnetic suspension train to the appropriate design of key element in braking system and structure.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is as magnetic suspension train eddy current brake systems provides a kind of mixed type to brake excitation structure, it is a kind of hybrid excitation structure, utilize this structural design eddy current brake systems can improve the shortcoming and problem existed in existing High-Speed Eddy Braking, realize the braking effect that magnetic suspension train is safe and reliable.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts:
The utility model mainly by multiple magnetic pole be made up of electromagnet and permanent magnet in rail direction in tandem, and being arranged on the train set be positioned at directly over rail: magnetic pole comprises iron core, armature coil and permanent magnet, permanent magnet magnetic field direction is perpendicular to horizontal plane, iron core is spaced layout in rail direction, the horizontal outside of each iron core is wound around the armature coil being connected with exciting current, iron core top is provided with permanent magnet, thus forms magnetic pole; Each permanent magnet upper end is provided with the yoke in rail direction, and each iron core lower end is provided with wearing plate.
Two permanent magnet magnetic field directions in arbitrary neighborhood two described magnetic poles are contrary, and the exciting current direction of two armature coils is contrary.
Can pass into exciting current forward or backwards in armature coil, the size of exciting current is adjustable, realizes the dynamic adjustments of braking system in magnetic suspension train braking and start-up course.
When train braking, the magnetic field that each armature coil produces after passing into exciting current excitation is identical with the magnetic direction of its place permanent magnet.
When train starts, the magnetic field that each armature coil produces after passing into exciting current excitation is contrary with the magnetic direction of its place permanent magnet.
Preferably, described wear plate material adopts the soft metals such as copper, ensures in wearing plate and train rail contact friction deboost phase, and the friction damage of train rail, at bottom line, protects train rail.
The utility model can install wearing plate 4 at excitation structure low side, can carry out eddy current and friction and the composite braking of depositing.
The utility model utilizes the magnetic force of permanent magnet 2 to strengthen eddy current braking control and the friction catch effect of magnetic suspension train, reduces the heating of system, realizes energy-saving effect and the heat management of system, and have the braking operation pattern of fault-safety principle.
Excitation structure is one of key element in eddy current brake systems, is used for producing braking eddy current and then producing braking force, realizes the braking of magnetic suspension train.The utility model is controlled by the appropriate design of excitation structure and is solved the series of problems existed in the above-mentioned eddy current braking mentioned effectively, significant to improving of train braking technology.
Excitation structure of the present utility model adopts the version of armature coil and permanent magnet mixed excitation, and this structure has the advantage of five aspects.
First, power-off is there is when extremely severe operating mode occurs magnetic suspension train, when armature coil power-off excitation effect lost efficacy, can be braked by the excitation effect of permanent magnet, guarantee the smooth braking at bad working environments Train, substantially increase reliability and the fail safe of braking, the safety guiding of braking effect improves greatly;
Second, in magnetic suspension train normal brake application process, the mixed excitation effect of armature coil and permanent magnetism magnetic pole structure can be utilized to carry out braking procedure control, the control of armature coil exciting current size is utilized to carry out the adjustment of braking force, thus control the size of train braking acceleration, realize the Dynamic controlling of train braking process, reach the optimal control of train braking effect;
3rd, when after train engaging friction braking procedure, the exciting current of armature coil can be closed, utilize the magnetic force of permanent magnet to strengthen friction catch, thus can energy savings greatly, reduce kinetic equation loss, and then control the heating problem of exciting current generation;
4th, this field structure may be used for the parking brake of train, when train is in parking period, can close the exciting current of armature coil, utilizes the magnetic force of permanent magnet to brake, and greatly can reduce the energy loss of system, have energy-saving effect.
5th, when braking completes, when carrying out braking system reset recovery, armature coil can be utilized to pass into reverse exciting current, produce the magnetic field contrary with permanent magnet magnetic field direction, cancel out each other in two magnetic fields, braking action is closed, thus whole braking system is resetted under less restoring force.
The useful effect that the utility model has is:
By the cross-application of permanent magnet and magnet exciting coil, on the one hand can by the adjustment of magnet exciting coil exciting current size, realize the control of braking force size, and then the moderating process of Dynamic controlling train, by the control in magnet exciting coil exciting current direction, can reverse excitation be carried out, form the magnetic field contrary with magnetic field of permanent magnet, realize the degaussing of magnetic pole system, the reset contributing to whole braking system promotes.
On the other hand, the magnetic force of permanent magnet is utilized to strengthen eddy current braking control and the friction catch effect of magnetic suspension train, the exciting current that magnet exciting coil can be kept minimum in certain operating mode, realize the energy-saving effect of system, and reduce the heating of exciting current to a certain extent, also there is certain effect of optimization to the heating problem existed in original system.
Wearing plate of the present utility model adopts the softer metals such as copper metal can avoid being subject to excessive frictional dissipation, the work of maximum reduction system and maintenance cost at the friction catch stage train rail that adequately protects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model hybrid excitation system braking principle figure.
Fig. 2 be the utility model along guide rail direction hybrid excitation structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the hybrid excitation structure schematic diagram in the utility model guide rail cross section.
In figure: 1 track, 2 permanent magnets, 3 armature coils, 4 wearing plates, 5 iron cores, 6 yokes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model mainly by multiple magnetic pole be made up of electromagnet and permanent magnet in rail direction in tandem, and being arranged on the train set be positioned at directly over rail: magnetic pole comprises iron core 5, armature coil 3 and permanent magnet 2, permanent magnet 2 magnetic direction is perpendicular to horizontal plane, iron core 5 is spaced layout in rail direction, the horizontal outside of each iron core 5 is wound around the armature coil 3 being connected with exciting current, and iron core 5 top is provided with permanent magnet 2, thus forms magnetic pole; Each permanent magnet 2 upper end is provided with the yoke 6 in rail direction, and each iron core 5 lower end is provided with wearing plate 4.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, two permanent magnet 2 magnetic directions in arbitrary neighborhood two described magnetic poles are contrary, and the exciting current direction of two armature coils 3 is contrary, but field structure symmetry on two side rails is identical.
Can pass into exciting current forward or backwards in armature coil 3, the size of exciting current is adjustable, realizes the dynamic adjustments of magnetic suspension train braking and start-up course.When train braking, the magnetic field that each armature coil 3 produces after passing into exciting current excitation is identical with the magnetic direction of its place permanent magnet 2.When train starts, the magnetic field that each armature coil 3 produces after passing into exciting current excitation is contrary with the magnetic direction of its place permanent magnet 2.
The utility model can install wearing plate 4 in excitation structure bottom, can carry out eddy current and friction and the composite braking of depositing, concrete implement in wearing plate 4 material adopt the soft metals such as copper.In braking procedure, eddy current braking makes train speed reduce, and when train speed arrival critical value meets the requirement of friction catch, brake contacts with track 1 under the effect of magnetic force, transfers to and relies on friction catch mode between wearing plate 4 and track 1.Now adopt wearing plate and the train rail friction of softer metals, train rail can be protected to avoid excessive friction damage.Consider the displacement cost of braking system wearing plate and train rail, obvious wearing plate displacement has more economic advantages, and therefore this design farthest can reduce work and the maintenance cost of system.
The utility model mainly utilizes and on iron core, is wound around armature coil generates an electromagnetic field, at the upper end position juxtaposition permanent magnet of iron core, form mixed excitation structure, yoke is set on the upside of permanent magnet and regulates Distribution of Magnetic Field, in the bottom of excitation structure, wearing plate is installed, for the friction catch of train when low cruise, multiple composite excitation field structure is arranged side by side and is put, and forms the excitation system of whole brake apparatus.
As shown in Figure 1, the braking principle of the utility model composite excitation and process as follows:
When magnetic suspension train is in on-position, track 1 position of this composite excitation system and train is close, and keep 6-7mm air gap, under train high-speed cruising state, track 1 relative motion of the magnetic field that the armature coil 3 in this system and permanent magnet 2 produce and train, forms eddy current on path 1, and this eddy current forms braking force in the opposite direction of current of traffic, stop train operation, produce braking.Along with braking procedure carries out, the decline gradually of train speed, eddy current braking power reduces gradually, in order to ensure the braking effect of train, this hybrid excitation system passes into forward exciting current at armature coil 3, and increase exciting current, braking force is regulated, realizes the dynamic adjustments of magnetic suspension train braking procedure.
Along with the eddy current braking process of magnetic suspension train in high-speed cruising process, the decline gradually of train speed, when train speed arrival critical value meets the requirement of friction catch, under permanent magnet 2 magneticaction, this composite excitation system contacts with the track 1 of train, transfer the friction catch mode relied between wearing plate 4 and track 1 to, now rely on permanent magnet 2 magnetic force can meet friction brake force requirement between wearing plate 4 and track 1, the additive excitation Current adjustment of armature coil 3 even can be closed to very little, realize the energy-saving effect of braking procedure, and control the heating problem that braking procedure exciting current causes.
When magnetic suspension train has been braked, when being in parking brake state, the exciting current of armature coil 3 can be closed, utilize the extrusion friction that permanent magnet 2 magnetic force realizes between wearing plate 4 and track 1, thus realize the stop braking of train, such train avoids current loss in berthing time, achieves energy-conservation and effective effect controlling heating.
When magnetic suspension train has been braked, when carrying out release of brake and location restore, reverse exciting current is passed in armature coil 3 in this composite excitation system, form the magnetic field contrary with permanent magnet 2 magnetic direction, magnetic pull between the track 1 of braking system and train is reduced greatly, from but whole braking system can reset under less restoring force.
When extremely severe operating mode occurs magnetic suspension train, armature coil 3 break down the situation of power-off time, the excitation effect of armature coil 3 lost efficacy, braking can be proceeded by the excitation effect of permanent magnet 2, guarantee the braking also carrying out train under bad working environments, braking procedure has safe guiding, improves reliability and the fail safe of braking system.
Therefore, this hybrid excitation system design can realize the mode of operation of fault-safety principle, and may be used for parking brake.Meanwhile, due to many places energy-saving design in braking procedure, make the exciting current of this system be only about 30% of original system, greatly reduce excitation loss and heating, visible obvious technical effects of the present utility model is given prominence to.
Claims (5)
1. a magnetic suspension train mixed type brakes excitation structure, it is characterized in that: mainly by multiple magnetic pole be made up of electromagnet and permanent magnet in rail direction in tandem, and being arranged on the train set be positioned at directly over rail: magnetic pole comprises iron core (5), armature coil (3) and permanent magnet (2), permanent magnet (2) magnetic direction is perpendicular to horizontal plane, iron core (5) is spaced layout in rail direction, the horizontal outside of each iron core (5) is wound around the armature coil (3) being connected with exciting current, iron core (5) top is provided with permanent magnet (2), thus formation magnetic pole, each permanent magnet (2) upper end is provided with the yoke (6) along rail direction, and each iron core (5) lower end is provided with wearing plate (4).
2. a kind of magnetic suspension train mixed type according to claim 1 brakes excitation structure, it is characterized in that: two permanent magnet (2) magnetic directions in arbitrary neighborhood two described magnetic poles are contrary, and the exciting current direction of two armature coils (3) is contrary.
3. a kind of magnetic suspension train mixed type according to claim 1 brakes excitation structure, it is characterized in that: when train braking, the magnetic field that each armature coil (3) produces after passing into exciting current excitation is identical with the magnetic direction of its place permanent magnet (2).
4. a kind of magnetic suspension train mixed type according to claim 1 brakes excitation structure, it is characterized in that: when train starts, the magnetic field that each armature coil (3) produces after passing into exciting current excitation is contrary with the magnetic direction of its place permanent magnet (2).
5. a kind of magnetic suspension train mixed type according to claim 1 brakes excitation structure, it is characterized in that: described wearing plate (4) material adopts the soft metals such as copper.
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CN201520952374.3U CN205160339U (en) | 2015-11-26 | 2015-11-26 | Mixed type braking excitation structure for maglev train |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105305776A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江大学 | Hybrid braking excitation structure for maglev train |
CN107650942A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-02 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Magnetic rail brake device and magnetic suspension train |
CN109300649A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-01 | 中国铁路总公司 | Linear eddy-current brake electromagnet for rail vehicle |
CN110110417A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-09 | 南京辑星科技有限公司 | A kind of design method of linear type vortex magnetic brake |
EP4129745A4 (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2024-05-29 | CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd. | Integrated electromagnet and maglev train |
-
2015
- 2015-11-26 CN CN201520952374.3U patent/CN205160339U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105305776A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江大学 | Hybrid braking excitation structure for maglev train |
CN107650942A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-02 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Magnetic rail brake device and magnetic suspension train |
CN109300649A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-01 | 中国铁路总公司 | Linear eddy-current brake electromagnet for rail vehicle |
CN110110417A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-09 | 南京辑星科技有限公司 | A kind of design method of linear type vortex magnetic brake |
EP4129745A4 (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2024-05-29 | CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd. | Integrated electromagnet and maglev train |
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