CN204947670U - A kind of intelligent electric energy meter battery charger - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent electric energy meter battery charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN204947670U CN204947670U CN201520703956.8U CN201520703956U CN204947670U CN 204947670 U CN204947670 U CN 204947670U CN 201520703956 U CN201520703956 U CN 201520703956U CN 204947670 U CN204947670 U CN 204947670U
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Abstract
A kind of intelligent electric energy meter battery charger, it is characterized in that, by n rechargeable battery BT1, BT2 to BTn, 1 button cell BT0,2n diode D1, D2 to D2n, 2 voltage stabilizing didoe D0+ and D0-, 2n switch S 11, S12, S21, S22 to Sn1, Sn2, n+1 electric capacity C, C1, C2 to Cn, 2n triode Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 to Q2n, 1 resistance R, n+1 voltage detecting end UR, UB1, UB2 to UBn form; The utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effect: solve current intelligent electric energy meter battery capacity detect inaccurate, shallow fill shallowly to put, the problem such as on-line maintenance is few, poor universality, avoid intelligent electric energy meter due to outside have a power failure and battery electric quantity low and cause loss of data, electricity cannot be recorded and cause the situations such as economic loss, improve intelligent electric energy meter operational reliability, reduce manual maintenance cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electric power meter and manufactures field, especially relates to a kind of intelligent electric energy meter battery charger.
Background technology
Senior measurement system is one of key technology of intelligent grid, it is not an independently technology implementation procedure, primarily of intelligent electric energy meter, gather intelligent electric energy meter, table counts management system, the architectural framework of two-way communication and relevant background application system composition.Intelligent electric energy meter is a most important ring in senior measurement system, and its design and researchp tightly launches round the Liquified gas tanker of intelligent grid.Intelligent electric energy meter achieves information interaction between power grid enterprises and power grid user, mutual, the harmonious win-win of demand, and social benefit is maximized, and its advantage and advantage are fairly obvious.Intelligent electric energy meter at present abroad and on domestic market all has timesharing multi tariff formula, pre-payment type, concentrates telemetering type function, and this require that the battery system of intelligent electric energy meter need have higher charging and level of control simultaneously.
In intelligent electric energy meter mainly there is following problem in existing rechargeable battery management system:
1. calculate dump energy with cell voltage, truly cannot reflect dump energy, when battery capacity reduces, warning information cannot be sent in time, prompting changing battery.
2. lack battery maintenance function, when battery does not work for a long time, suitably cannot activate maintenance to battery, cause battery actual capacity significantly to reduce.
3. frequent charge, shortens battery.Most of electric energy meter adopts constant-voltage method to charge to battery, instead of when battery electric quantity just starts charging lower than during threshold value, causes battery frequent charge.
4. poor universality, the characteristic of different rechargeable batteries there are differences, and the battery management system of electric energy meter is only applicable to a certain type cell usually, cannot meet the requirement of battery interchangeability.
5. loss of data, part intelligent electric energy meter is after working power and the power down of voltage transformer secondary voltage, and cell voltage sharply declines, electricity needed for proper communication cannot be provided, have a strong impact on the correctness of continuous data, cause register internal data to lose, cause the economic problems such as electricity clearing.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, extend battery, improve the stability and safety of electric energy meter standby power system, the utility model provides a kind of intelligent electric energy meter battery charger, by n rechargeable battery BT1, BT2 to BTn, 1 button cell BT0,2n diode D1, D2 to D2n, 2 voltage stabilizing didoe D0+ and D0-, 2n switch S 11, S12, S21, S22 to Sn1, Sn2, n+1 electric capacity C, C1, C2 to Cn, 2n triode Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 to Q2n, 1 resistance R, n+1 voltage detecting end UR, UB1, UB2 to UBn form.
Wherein, button cell BT0 positive pole connects diode D0+ positive pole, BT0 negative pole connects diode D0-negative pole, Q1, D1, Q2, D2 and Q3, D3, Q4, D4 and Q2n-1, D2n-1, Q2n, D2n constitute each bidirectional switch, for the charging of battery with power to intelligent electric energy meter; Rechargeable battery BT1 meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and S11, and rechargeable battery BT2 meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and S21, and rechargeable battery BTn meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and Sn1; After electric capacity C, resistance R series connection, in parallel with electric capacity C1, C2; C1 connecting valve S12, C2 connecting valve S22, corresponding Cn connecting valve Sn2.
Described voltage detecting end UB1 is for detecting rechargeable battery BT1 voltage, and described voltage detecting end UB2 is for detecting rechargeable battery BT2 voltage, and described voltage detecting end UBn is for detecting rechargeable battery BTn voltage.
Described voltage detecting end UR is used for the shunt voltage of Detection capacitance C1 to Cn and electric capacity C, resistance R.
The utility model adopts the capacity of ampere-hour integration method assessment battery, first carries out charging to battery and makes voltage reach higher limit, then utilize resistance R to discharge, detect and recording voltage UB1, UB2, UR and discharge time t, until cell voltage is down to lower limit.Then the capacity of battery can be calculated by formula (1):
Detect battery capacity compared to open circuit voltage method, the testing result of ampere-hour integration method is more accurate.
The current grid power blackout time is fewer and feweri, and operational reliability is very high, and electric energy meter in use interruption duration is less, and rechargeable battery is not in discharge condition for a long time.From the characteristic of Ni-MH battery and lithium battery, if battery does not carry out discharge and recharge for a long time, then its life-span can be affected.Therefore, after each charge and discharge cycles, record T standby time, when T exceedes threshold value Td, then needs to safeguard battery.Td according to the featured configuration of battery, generally can be set to 3 months.Nickel-cadmium cell, then due to " memory effect ", needs to carry out full maintenance electric discharge at set intervals, recovers battery performance.Consider the redundancy feature of electric energy meter battery, rechargeable battery BT1 and BT2 can not discharge simultaneously.Just allow after must completing the maintenance of a batteries to safeguard another batteries, ensure that electric energy meter has suitable electricity for subsequent use.When safeguarding, BT1 or BT2 all utilizes resistance R to discharge.By formula (2), discharging current i
rarranged by the duty ratio of switch S 12 or S22, can discharge to battery according to default discharge curve.
The electric energy meter of existing domestic and international production generally only has a joint rechargeable battery, when externally fed is normal, in order to ensure that electric energy meter has enough electricity for subsequent use, does not allow to carry out discharge operation to battery.Therefore the battery charger of the utility model design has multiple batteries.The battery backup be made up of n joint rechargeable battery, suppose that the electricity for subsequent use needed for intelligent electric energy meter is C, the capacity of every batteries is C
s, each a batteries is safeguarded, C
srelational expression (3) must be met, reserve battery total capacity C
∑meet formula (4).
From formula (4), under the condition that electricity C for subsequent use is certain, rechargeable battery number n is more, then redundancy capacity (the C of reserve battery
∑-C) fewer.But consider the cost of every batteries and control circuit, battery number is generally 2 joints or 3 joints.If use 2 batteries, then C
s>C; If use 3 batteries, then C
s>0.5C.
Current satisfactory ni-mh, nickel-cadmium cell there are differences in capacity, charge cutoff voltage etc.In order to the different types of battery of compatibility, meet the requirement of on-the-spot battery interchangeability, charging current is preferably set to 60mA, and the discharging current in maintenance state is preferably set to 120mA.Charge cutoff voltage is preferably set to 6.6V, and charged state is constant current voltage limiting.For reducing " memory effect " to the impact of battery capacity, charging lower voltage limit is preferably set to 4.4V.The battery discharge that dump energy is less is first selected during electric discharge, until voltage is down to 4.2V, then the battery discharge selecting dump energy larger.Because the electric energy meter overwhelming majority time is in externally fed state, therefore the charge circuit of electric energy meter battery does not pursue quick charge, but selects less charging current.
4 kinds of operating states of the present utility model: normal condition, maintenance state, power-down state, guard mode.When normal condition refers to that intelligent electric energy meter externally fed is normal, enter operating state; Maintenance state is battery when not carrying out discharge and recharge for a long time, enters maintenance state; When power-down state refers to that external power source lost efficacy, battery is the state that intelligent electric energy meter is powered; When guard mode refers to intelligent electric energy meter externally fed anomalous effects cell safety; intelligent electric energy meter rechargeable battery is protected; and by button cell, intelligent electric energy meter is powered; BT0 both positive and negative polarity is connected to voltage stabilizing didoe; can protect button cell, prevent voltage to charge or disturbance to button cell.
The utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effect: solve current intelligent electric energy meter battery capacity detect inaccurate, shallow fill shallowly to put, the problem such as on-line maintenance is few, poor universality, avoid intelligent electric energy meter due to outside have a power failure and battery electric quantity low and cause loss of data, electricity cannot be recorded and cause the situations such as economic loss, improve intelligent electric energy meter operational reliability, reduce manual maintenance cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is fundamental diagram of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described:
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides a kind of intelligent electric energy meter battery charger, by n rechargeable battery BT1, BT2 to BTn, 1 button cell BT0,2n diode D1, D2 to D2n, 2 voltage stabilizing didoe D0+ and D0-, 2n switch S 11, S12, S21, S22 to Sn1, Sn2, n+1 electric capacity C, C1, C2 to Cn, 2n triode Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 to Q2n, 1 resistance R, n+1 voltage detecting end UR, UB1, UB2 to UBn form.
Wherein, button cell BT0 positive pole connects diode D0+ positive pole, BT0 negative pole connects diode D0-negative pole, Q1, D1, Q2, D2 and Q3, D3, Q4, D4 and Q2n-1, D2n-1, Q2n, D2n constitute each bidirectional switch, for the charging of battery with power to intelligent electric energy meter; Rechargeable battery BT1 meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and S11, and rechargeable battery BT2 meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and S21, and rechargeable battery BTn meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and Sn1; After electric capacity C, resistance R series connection, in parallel with electric capacity C1, C2; C1 connecting valve S12, C2 connecting valve S22, corresponding Cn connecting valve Sn2.
Described voltage detecting end UB1 is for detecting rechargeable battery BT1 voltage, and described voltage detecting end UB2 is for detecting rechargeable battery BT2 voltage, and described voltage detecting end UBn is for detecting rechargeable battery BTn voltage.
Described voltage detecting end UR is used for the shunt voltage of Detection capacitance C1 to Cn and electric capacity C, resistance R.
Described button cell BT0 is 2 joint CR3032 button type lithium-manganese battery series connection preferably, and series voltage is 6V.
Described rechargeable battery BT1, BT2 to BTn preferred lithium battery, voltage is 6V, and rated capacity is all greater than 500mAh.
The utility model has 4 kinds of operating states: normal condition, maintenance state, power-down state, guard mode, and composition graphs 1 pair of technical scheme is clearly and completely described, and embodiment of the present utility model is as follows, and embodiment is only described BT1 and BT2 loop:
One, normal condition
When electric energy meter externally fed is normal, management system runs on normal condition, realizes the charge function to battery.When switch S 11, S21 close, when S12, S22 disconnect, system is in normal condition.Now battery BT1, BT2 is connected to power supply U+ and U-two ends.Power supply U+ and U-can charge to battery, and charging current is arranged by the duty ratio of switch S 11, S21.When capacity or the dump energy difference of two batteries, different charging currents is set by switch S 11, S21, optimizes the charge efficiency of every batteries, shorten the overall charging interval.
Two, maintenance state
Maintenance state is that battery provides discharge loop.When switch S 11, S21, S22 disconnect, S12 close, or switch S 11, S12, S21 disconnect, when S22 closes, system is in maintenance state, and battery BT1 or BT2 discharges to load capacitance C and resistance R separately.The major function of maintenance state, one is for test battery capacity, and two is safeguard for the activation of battery.After battery uses for a long time, capacity can reduce, and therefore needs routine test battery capacity.
Three, power-down state
When electric energy meter externally fed is abnormal, the voltage of power supply U+ and U-is lower than settings, and preferred 4.2V, electric energy meter is in power-down state.Now switch S 12, S22 disconnect, and S11, S21 are closed, and battery BT1 and BT2 parallel connection is powered to electric energy meter.If when internal resistance difference comparatively greatly or voltage difference is larger when BT1 and BT2 is in parallel, may output effect be affected.By the discharging current regulating the duty ratio of S11 and S21 to arrange BT1 and BT2 respectively, the discharging current of balanced two batteries, improves the discharging efficiency under power-down state.
Four, guard mode
When switch S 11, S12, S21, S22 disconnect, system is in guard mode, and now battery BT1 and BT2 and electric energy meter electric source depart from completely.Detect the voltage of power supply U+ and U-, and detect the change in voltage of voltage detecting end UB1, UB2, UR.When electric energy meter causes power supply U+ and U-too high because external power source is disturbed (as surge impact, overvoltage), in order to protect BT1 and BT2 from excessive pressure damages, battery system enters guard mode.Treat that external power source recovers normal reverse and goes out guard mode.
If now complete power-down state appears in electric energy meter, power supply U+ and U-is in complete power-down state, and button cell BT0 is powered to electric energy meter by power supply U+ and U-, ensures that clock of power meter and register data are not lost.Button cell BT0 both positive and negative polarity place is provided with voltage stabilizing didoe D0+, D0-, can not be subject to external power source surge impact, overvoltage is impacted or electromagnetic distu at guarantee BT0.
4 kinds of operating states of the present utility model: normal condition, maintenance state, power-down state, guard mode.Fig. 2 gives the condition that the utility model is changed between various state.When normal condition refers to that intelligent electric energy meter externally fed is normal, enter operating state; Maintenance state is battery when not carrying out discharge and recharge for a long time, enters maintenance state; When power-down state refers to that external power source lost efficacy, battery is the state that intelligent electric energy meter is powered; When guard mode refers to intelligent electric energy meter externally fed anomalous effects cell safety; intelligent electric energy meter rechargeable battery is protected; and by button cell BT0, intelligent electric energy meter is powered; BT0 both positive and negative polarity is connected to voltage stabilizing didoe D0+ and D0-; can protect BT0, prevent voltage to charge or disturbance to BT0.
When externally fed is normal, system is in normal condition.In this condition, monitored the voltage of each battery by UB1, UB2 to UBn, the battery of electricity deficiency is charged.According to the state of charge of every batteries, automatically regulate charging current.When intelligent electric energy meter externally fed lost efficacy, entered power-down state.Now all cell parallels are that intelligent electric energy meter is powered, and inform intelligent electric energy meter power loss event simultaneously, close unnecessary module, reduce power consumption.When external power source recovers normal, system exits power-down state.After battery works long hours, capacity can decline, and affects the reliability service of intelligent electric energy meter under power-down state, therefore regularly carries out volume test to every batteries, and the battery of Timeliness coverage off-capacity also produces warning information.Battery during capacity decline, can safeguard recovered part capacity by activation because leaving unused for a long time.Intelligent electric energy meter can record the time interval apart from last charge and discharge cycles, when the time, T transfinited, automatically carries out activation to this batteries and safeguards.If system externally fed when upkeep operation lost efficacy, then automatically entered power-down state.Easily be subject to the impact that line voltage impacts during intelligent electric energy meter work, when surge voltage has influence on battery safe, system enters guard mode, disconnects the connection of reserve battery and intelligent electric energy meter.
Claims (1)
1. an intelligent electric energy meter battery charger, it is characterized in that, by n rechargeable battery BT1, BT2 to BTn, 1 button cell BT0,2n diode D1, D2 to D2n, 2 voltage stabilizing didoe D0+ and D0-, 2n switch S 11, S12, S21, S22 to Sn1, Sn2, n+1 electric capacity C, C1, C2 to Cn, 2n triode Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 to Q2n, 1 resistance R, n+1 voltage detecting end UR, UB1, UB2 to UBn form;
Wherein, button cell BT0 positive pole connects diode D0+ positive pole, BT0 negative pole connects diode D0-negative pole, Q1, D1, Q2, D2 and Q3, D3, Q4, D4 and Q2n-1, D2n-1, Q2n, D2n constitute each bidirectional switch, for the charging of battery with power to intelligent electric energy meter; Rechargeable battery BT1 meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and S11, and rechargeable battery BT2 meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and S21, and rechargeable battery BTn meets power supply U+ and U-by corresponding bidirectional switch and Sn1; After electric capacity C, resistance R series connection, in parallel with electric capacity C1, C2; C1 connecting valve S12, C2 connecting valve S22, corresponding Cn connecting valve Sn2.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108196202A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-06-22 | 南京飞腾电子科技有限公司 | A kind of monitoring method of electrical energy meter electricity tankage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108196202A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-06-22 | 南京飞腾电子科技有限公司 | A kind of monitoring method of electrical energy meter electricity tankage |
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