A kind of continuous discharge electric arc lightning rod experimental provision
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of lightning rod experimental provision, a kind ofly specifically can produce continuous arcing carries out its protective value quality of performance test reaction experimental provision to lightning rod.Belong to lightning protection experimental technique field.
background technology:
Lightning rod, has another name called lightning rod, is used to the device that architecture protection thing, tall and big trees and equipment etc. are avoided being struck by lightning.The principle of lightning rod installs an arrester on protected object top, couples together with wire up to specification and the earial drainage earth mat being embedded in underground.Lightning rod specification must meet GB standard, and the terminal height specification that each lightning protection classification needs is different.If carry out lightning protection not in accordance with state specified standards, its effect will be had a greatly reduced quality greatly, even there will be the negative effect of drawing thunder and entering the room, and therefore all needs to carry out lightening protect before lightning-protected product dispatches from the factory.Lightning rod is of a great variety in the market, and type has multifarious, has discharging in advance, and large shielding angle, disappear all kinds of lightning rods such as thunder.And the test of lightning rod bothers relatively, the apparatus value needed is high, testing expense is high, the method of testing that present stage adopts is the pattern of pulsed discharge, test result also also exists certain limitation, comprehensively can not reflect the effect of lightning rod when reality uses, necessary existing lightening protect mode and device to be improved.
Do not find that there is the patent literature constructed with the utility model by patent retrieval, to have the patent of certain relation to mainly contain following with the utility model:
1, the patent No. is CN201310463798, name is called the utility model patent of " For Lightning-Rod Protection Disign In Substations tower safety assessment method ", which disclose a kind of For Lightning-Rod Protection Disign In Substations tower safety assessment method, comprise step to have: lightning rod tower is divided into four parts by short transverse by (1), calculate the wind load equivalence concentrated force of each several part respectively; (2) after obtaining the equivalent concentrated force of each several part, in finite element numerical simulation software, the complete equivalent concentrated force model of lightning-arrest shank is set up; (3) meet with stresses in lightning rod tower structure larger position and less position is determined; (4) determine whether military service several years steel performance there occurs deterioration; (5) fatigue lifetime of lightning-arrest shank is analyzed.
2, the patent No. is CN201320038577, name is called the utility model patent of " a kind of lightning rod discharge counter possessing with circuit checker ", which disclose a kind of lightning rod discharge counter possessing with circuit checker, comprise photoelectrical coupler, voltage comparator, circuit checker, microcontroller and display, the input end of described photoelectrical coupler connects the signaling switch contact of heavy-current discharge protective device on lightning rod, its output terminal connects the input end of voltage comparator by a wave filter, the output terminal of voltage comparator connects the input end of microcontroller, the output terminal of microcontroller connects display, described microcontroller is also connected with a storer, this storer is removable nonvolatile memory.
3, the patent No. is CN200820191482, name is called the utility model patent of " overhead transmission line and lightning rod lightning current population parameter on-Line Monitor Device ", which disclose a kind of overhead transmission line and lightning rod lightning current population parameter on-Line Monitor Device, relate to electric system lightningproof technology.The structure of this monitoring device is: current sensor, lightning strike signals sampling unit, data receiver are communicated with user terminal successively with GPRS, BT transmission unit, INTERNET net, and ftp server is connected with INTERNET net; Solar panel, accumulator are connected successively with voltage changer, and voltage changer is connected with lightning strike signals sampling unit, data receiver and GPRS, BT transmission unit respectively.
So although these patents above-mentioned all relate to the detection of lightning-protection system, it is also proposed the improvement opportunity scheme that some detect, but be all the detection proposed on-line system or device, function singleness, and system architecture is complicated, the experiment being difficult to accurately carry out product detects, and still needs to be improved further.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is for the problem existing for existing lightning rod experiment, a kind of new lightning rod experimental provision is proposed, this kind of lightning rod experimental provision effectively can reduce the limitation of test result, more comprehensively reflects the effect of lightning rod when reality uses.
In order to reach this purpose, the utility model provides a kind of continuous arcing spark lightning rod experimental provision, comprise sparking electrode, receiving electrode and continuous arcing spark forming apparatus, there is one to be combined to form continuous arcing spark by step-up transformer, rectifier, lighter, main capacitor and boosting coupling transformer in continuous arcing spark forming apparatus and form circuit, form circuit by continuous arcing spark and provide continuous arcing spark to sparking electrode and receiving electrode, utilize continuous arcing spark to test lightning rod.
Further, described be combined to form continuous arcing spark by step-up transformer, rectifier, lighter, main capacitor and boosting coupling transformer to form circuit be that the first polar curve circle of step-up transformer T1 is connected civil power, secondary coil connects the input end of rectifier DB; Rectifier DB is connected after step-up transformer T1; Rectifier connects one end of main capacitor C1 and lighter GDT; Main capacitor C1 connects between two lines of rectifier DB, and rectifier is used for charging to main capacitor C1; Lighter GDT one end connects rectifier anode and exports, i.e. main capacitor positive terminal; The other end connects a pin of the input end of the primary coil L1 of boosting coupling transformer T2, and another input pin of the coupling transformer T2 primary coil that simultaneously boosts connects the negative pole end of main capacitor, and boosting coupling transformer T2 is the negative pole end of rectifier DB simultaneously; One end of elementary one end tie point firearm GDT of boosting coupling transformer T2, the other end connects one end of capacitor; Electric arc receiving electrode P is connected to the earth terminal of the earth and boosting coupling transformer.
Further, described main capacitor C1 and primary coil L1 forms a LC oscillation circuit; The equivalent capacity over the ground of sparking electrode C2 and secondary coil L2 also can form a LC oscillation circuit; When the LC oscillation frequency of primary return and secondary loop is equal, when igniter fire conducting, the electromagnetic major part that primary coil sends can be absorbed by secondary LC oscillation circuit.Now, because the electric potential difference on sparking electrode and ground is infinitely-great, the high-frequency alternating current that therefore can produce high voltage-small current inside the loop of secondary coil now discharge top can and near the object of ground connection release together with electric arc, electric arc is received by receiving electrode P, formation continuous print arc spark.
Further, described step-up transformer T1 adopts the input of 220V, 50Hz civil power, needs to bring the voltage up to more than 3000V by step-up transformer T1.
Further, described rectifier DB is the full-wave rectification bridge be made up of four (or four groups) high-voltage diodes, and rectifier DB has the breakdown reverse voltage up to more than 6000V, and during to meet system works, rectifier is not damaged by high electrical breakdown.
Further, described main capacitor adopts the series-parallel pattern of multiple electric capacity to combine, to reach specific capacitance required for system; The palpus resistance being used for discharge prevention in parallel on each single capacity cell simultaneously, resistance selects the large valued resistor in more than 100M Europe.
Further, described boosting coupling transformer T2 level have reliably connect the earth, stake resistance is less than 1 Europe.
Further, described sparking electrode (C2) is one has certain surface to amass and the round smooth object of conducting electricity, and it and ground define one " over the ground equivalent capacity ".
Further, described electric arc receiving electrode P is a needlepoint type metallic conductor.
Continuous arcing spark forms circuit working principle:
Input AC electricity is risen to more than 3000V through step-up transformer, then carries out, after rectification, to charge to main capacitor through rectifier full-wave rectifying circuit; The primary coil of main capacitor and boosting coupling transformer forms a LC oscillation circuit simultaneously; When after main capacitance charging, when the electric potential difference between two pole plates acquires a certain degree, the air at meeting breakdown point firearm place, at this moment, due to LC vibration, can produce the frequency electromagnetic waves of certain frequency; Simultaneously the equivalent capacity over the ground of sparking electrode and secondary coil also can form a LC oscillation circuit; When the LC oscillation frequency of primary return and secondary loop is equal, when igniter fire conducting, the electromagnetic major part that primary coil sends can be absorbed by secondary LC oscillation circuit; Now the electric potential difference on sparking electrode and ground is infinitely-great, the high-frequency alternating current that therefore can produce high voltage-small current inside the loop of secondary coil now discharge top can with near the object of ground connection release together with electric arc; Electric arc is received by receiving electrode, forms continuous arcing spark, utilizes the continuous arcing spark formed to detect lightning rod.
Making lightning rod when being changed by receiving electrode, being moved sparking electrode concentric circles edge processed, can arcing distance far away, reflect lightning conductor protection angle larger;
Do common conventionally have needle point lightning rod when being changed by receiving electrode, place other so-called memory energy lightning rod such as discharge lightning rod ahead of time or large shielding angle in the place that the concentric circles of sparking electrode is equidistant simultaneously, just significant reaction lightning rod performance can be gone out when testing, the lightning rod that discharge performance is good will attract arc discharge more, otherwise then not have arc discharge; The performance of lightning rod can be reflected by contrast further, lightning rod is tested more comprehensive, provide and test more reliably.
The utility model has the advantage of:
This real the utility model and existing lightning rod method of testing contrast the advantage having following aspect:
1) the utility model supplements existing lightning rod method of testing one, uses continuous arcing to test to lightning rod the electric discharge further embodying lightning rod and protect institute's performance;
2) the utility model significantly can reflect the performances such as the degree of protection electric discharge angle of lightning rod;
3) the utility model more fully can reflect lightning rod in use procedure performance;
4) the utility model structure is simple, and testing expense is low, is the more economical lightning rod proving installation of one.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model circuit theory schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a kind of test mode schematic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of test mode schematic diagram of the utility model.
Embodiment
The utility model is set forth further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment one
Can be found out by accompanying drawing 1, the utility model relates to a kind of continuous arcing spark lightning rod experimental provision, comprise sparking electrode 4, receiving electrode 10 and continuous arcing spark forming apparatus 11, there is one to be combined to form continuous arcing spark by step-up transformer 1, rectifier 2, lighter 3, main capacitor 5 and boosting coupling transformer 6 in continuous arcing spark forming apparatus 11 and form circuit, form circuit by continuous arcing spark and provide continuous arcing spark to sparking electrode and receiving electrode, utilize continuous arcing spark to test lightning rod.
Further, it is described that by being combined to form continuous arcing spark by step-up transformer 1, rectifier 2, lighter 3, main capacitor 5 and boosting coupling transformer 6, to form circuit be that the first polar curve circle of step-up transformer 1 is connected civil power, the input end of secondary coil connection rectifier 2; Step-up transformer 1 connects rectifier 2 below; Rectifier 2 connects one end of main capacitor 5 and lighter 3; Main capacitor 5 connects between two lines of rectifier 2, and rectifier 3 is used for charging to main capacitor 5; Lighter 3 one end connects rectifier 2 positive pole and exports, i.e. main capacitor 5 positive terminal; The other end connects a pin of the input end of the primary coil 7 of boosting coupling transformer 6, and another input pin of coupling transformer 6 primary coil 7 that simultaneously boosts connects the negative pole end of main capacitor 5, and boosting coupling transformer 6 is the negative pole end of rectifier 3 simultaneously; One end of elementary one end 7 tie point firearm 3 of boosting coupling transformer 6, the other end connects one end of main capacitor 5; Electric arc receiving electrode 10 is connected to the earth terminal of the earth and boosting coupling transformer 6.
Further, described main capacitor 5 forms a LC oscillation circuit with primary coil 7; The equivalent capacity over the ground of sparking electrode 4 and secondary coil 9 also can form a LC oscillation circuit; When the LC oscillation frequency of primary return and secondary loop is equal, when conducting lighted a fire by lighter 3, the electromagnetic major part that primary coil 7 sends can be absorbed by secondary LC oscillation circuit.Now, because the electric potential difference on sparking electrode 4 and ground is infinitely-great, the high-frequency alternating current that therefore can produce high voltage-small current inside the loop of secondary coil 9 now discharge top can with near the object of ground connection release together with electric arc, electric arc is received by receiving electrode 10, forms continuous print arc spark.
Further, described step-up transformer 1 adopts 220V, and 50Hz civil power inputs, and needs to bring the voltage up to more than 3000V by step-up transformer 1.
Further, described rectifier 2 is the full-wave rectification bridge be made up of four (or four groups) high-voltage diodes, and rectifier 2 has the breakdown reverse voltage up to more than 6000V, and during to meet system works, rectifier is not damaged by high electrical breakdown.
Further, described main capacitor 5 adopts the series-parallel pattern of multiple electric capacity to combine, to reach specific capacitance required for system; The palpus resistance being used for discharge prevention in parallel on each single capacity cell simultaneously, resistance selects the large valued resistor in more than 100M Europe.
Further, described boosting coupling transformer 6 levels have reliably connect the earth, stake resistance is less than 1 Europe.
Further, described sparking electrode 4 is one has certain surface to amass and the round smooth object of conducting electricity, and it and ground define one " over the ground equivalent capacity ".
Further, described electric arc receiving electrode 10 is a needlepoint type metallic conductor.
Continuous arcing spark forms circuit working principle:
Input AC electricity is risen to more than 3000V through step-up transformer, then carries out, after rectification, to charge to main capacitor through rectifier full-wave rectifying circuit; The primary coil of main capacitor and boosting coupling transformer forms a LC oscillation circuit simultaneously; When after main capacitance charging, when the electric potential difference between two pole plates acquires a certain degree, the air at meeting breakdown point firearm place, at this moment, due to LC vibration, can produce the frequency electromagnetic waves of certain frequency; Simultaneously the equivalent capacity over the ground of sparking electrode and secondary coil also can form a LC oscillation circuit; When the LC oscillation frequency of primary return and secondary loop is equal, when igniter fire conducting, the electromagnetic major part that primary coil sends can be absorbed by secondary LC oscillation circuit; Now the electric potential difference on sparking electrode and ground is infinitely-great, the high-frequency alternating current that therefore can produce high voltage-small current inside the loop of secondary coil now discharge top can with near the object of ground connection release together with electric arc; Electric arc is received by receiving electrode, forms continuous arcing spark, utilizes the continuous arcing spark formed to detect lightning rod.
Described detection carried out to lightning rod comprise:
Making lightning rod 11 when being changed by receiving electrode, lightning rod 11 being positioned over centered by the central shaft 12 of sparking electrode the below of sparking electrode 4 with one heart, regulate sparking electrode 4 and the distance 14 of lightning rod 11 during experiment, detect lightning rod 11 discharge performance; The distance that can discharge is larger, then reflect lightning rod discharge performance more superior (as shown in Figure 2);
Lightning rod is made when being changed by receiving electrode, lightning rod is positioned over the below of sparking electrode with one heart centered by the central shaft of sparking electrode, lightning rod is moved horizontally to the maximum distance that sparking electrode and lightning rod can discharge, detect lightning conductor protection angle with this, can arcing distance far away, reflect lightning conductor protection angle larger;
Needle point lightning rod 211 is had when receiving electrode being changed work, place discharge lightning rod ahead of time or large shielding angle lightning rod 212 in the place that the concentric circles 213 of sparking electrode 4 is equidistant simultaneously, just significant reaction can go out have needle point lightning rod performance when testing by comparison, the lightning rod that discharge performance is good will attract arc discharge more, otherwise then not have arc discharge (as shown in Figure 3); The performance of needle point lightning rod can be reflected by contrast further, lightning rod is tested more comprehensive, provide and test more reliably.
Obviously, the embodiment cited by the application is just in order to be described further cited example to principle of the present utility model and structure, and any some improvement done according to principle design of the present utility model all should belong to the scope that the utility model is protected.
The utility model has the advantage of:
This real the utility model and existing lightning rod method of testing contrast the advantage having following aspect:
1) the utility model supplements existing lightning rod method of testing one, uses continuous arcing to test to lightning rod the electric discharge further embodying lightning rod and protect institute's performance;
2) the utility model significantly can reflect the performances such as the degree of protection electric discharge angle of lightning rod;
3) the utility model more fully can reflect lightning rod in use procedure performance;
4) the utility model structure is simple, and testing expense is low, is the more economical lightning rod proving installation of one.