CN113049903B - Experimental device and method for testing lightning rod protection angle - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for testing lightning rod protection angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049903B CN113049903B CN202110325268.2A CN202110325268A CN113049903B CN 113049903 B CN113049903 B CN 113049903B CN 202110325268 A CN202110325268 A CN 202110325268A CN 113049903 B CN113049903 B CN 113049903B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and method for testing a lightning rod protection angle, relates to the technical field of lightning rod testing, and aims to solve the problems that the distance between a lightning rod and equipment to be protected is correspondingly fixed, only one group of test data is available, the test data is relatively one-sided, certain accidental errors exist, and the test effect is poor. The utility model discloses a lightning rod test bench, including test bench, and test bench, the below of test bench is provided with insulating supporting seat, and insulating supporting seat passes through bolted connection with the test bench, the top of test bench is provided with the test jig, one side of test jig is provided with the lightning rod, and test jig and lightning rod all pass through bolted connection with the test bench, the upper end of test bench is provided with the spout, and spout and test bench punching press an organic whole structure, one side of lightning rod is provided with the sliding seat, sliding seat and test bench sliding connection, the top of sliding seat is provided with treats protection equipment, one side of sliding seat is provided with electric telescopic handle, one side of sliding seat is provided with display device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning rod testing, in particular to an experimental device and method for testing a lightning rod protection angle.
Background
The lightning rod, also known as lightning rod, is a device for protecting buildings, tall trees and the like from lightning stroke, and has the principle that when thundercloud discharges to be close to the ground, the lightning rod distorts the electric field on the ground, a space with concentrated local electric field is formed at the top end of the lightning rod to guide the lightning to discharge to the lightning rod, and then lightning current is introduced into the ground through a grounding down conductor and a grounding device, so that an object to be protected is prevented from lightning stroke. The angle between the vertical plane through the ground wire and the conductor to be protected from lightning strike is the angle of protection of the lightning rod.
At present, when the test lightning rod angle of protection, the lightning rod is corresponding fixed with the interval of treating between the protection equipment, and the data of test only is a set of usually, and such test data is comparatively one-sided, has certain accidental error, and the effect of test is not good, can not satisfy the user demand. Therefore, experimental devices and methods for testing the protection angle of the lightning rod are urgently needed in the market to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device and a method for testing a lightning rod protection angle, which aim to solve the problems that the distance between a lightning rod and equipment to be protected is correspondingly fixed, only one group of test data is provided, the test data is relatively one-sided, certain accidental errors exist, and the test effect is poor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the experimental device for testing the lightning rod protection angle comprises a test bench, wherein an insulating support seat is arranged below the test bench and is connected with the test bench through screws, a test frame is arranged above the test bench, a lightning rod is arranged on one side of the test frame, the test frame and the lightning rod are both connected with the test bench through screws, a sliding groove is arranged at the upper end of the test bench and is punched into an integral structure with the test bench, a sliding seat is arranged on one side of the lightning rod, one end of the sliding seat extends into the sliding groove, the sliding seat is in sliding connection with the test bench, equipment to be protected is arranged above the sliding seat and is connected with the sliding seat through screws, an electric telescopic rod is arranged on one side of the sliding seat, two ends of the electric telescopic rod are respectively connected with the test bench and the sliding seat through screws, and a display device is arranged on one side of the sliding seat, and the display device is connected with the sliding seat through screws.
Preferably, the inside of sliding seat is provided with data processor and signal collector, and data processor and signal collector all pass through the screw connection with the sliding seat, signal collector's one end is connected with the equipment electricity of treating the protection, and signal collector's the other end is connected with data processor's one end electricity, data processor's the other end and display device electricity are connected.
Preferably, one side of the sliding groove is provided with a graduated scale, the graduated scale is connected with the test bed through screws, and the graduated scale is arranged on one side of the sliding seat.
Preferably, one side of test jig is provided with the battery, and the battery passes through bolted connection with the test bench, one side of battery is provided with power connection, and power connection sets up structure as an organic whole with the battery, the top of battery is provided with the installation layer board, and the installation layer board passes through bolted connection with the test jig, one side of installation layer board is provided with regulation and control equipment, and regulation and control equipment passes through bolted connection with the installation layer board.
Preferably, the top of installation layer board is provided with step up transformer, and step up transformer passes through bolted connection with the installation layer board, step up transformer is connected with battery and regulation and control equipment electricity all, the below of test jig is provided with discharge electrode, and discharge electrode passes through bolted connection with the test jig, discharge electrode sets up the top at the lightning rod, be provided with high tension cable between discharge electrode and the step up transformer, one side of test jig is provided with shift knob, and shift knob passes through bolted connection with the test jig, shift knob is connected with high tension cable electricity.
Preferably, the below of test bench is provided with earthing device, and earthing device passes through bolted connection with the test bench, be provided with the downlead between earthing device and the lightning rod, and the both ends of downlead are connected with earthing device and lightning rod electricity respectively, one side of lightning rod is provided with the caliber, and the caliber is connected with the downlead electricity, be provided with the data line between caliber and the display device, and the both ends of data line are connected with caliber and display device electricity respectively all.
Preferably, the upper end of sliding seat is provided with electromagnetic shield cover, and electromagnetic shield cover and sliding seat laminating are connected, electromagnetic shield cover sets up between sliding seat and treating the protection equipment.
Preferably, the inside of spout is provided with the gyro wheel, and the gyro wheel rotates with the test bench to be connected, the gyro wheel laminates with the lower extreme of sliding seat mutually, the both sides of sliding seat all are provided with the slider, and slider and sliding seat set up structure as an organic whole, the one end of slider extends to the inside of test bench, and slider and test bench sliding connection.
The method for testing the experimental device of the lightning rod protection angle comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing the tested lightning rod on a test bed and correctly connecting a test lead;
step 2: regulating the step-up transformer by means of regulating equipment to regulate the discharge voltage to a required value;
and step 3: driving the electric telescopic rod to drive the sliding seat to move, moving the sliding seat to a proper position and recording a corresponding data value of the graduated scale;
and 4, step 4: the method comprises the following steps that a switch button is pressed down, electric arcs are released through a discharge electrode, so that lightning stroke is simulated, the voltage and the current of a lightning rod are detected through a measurer, and the working electric power data fluctuation data of equipment to be protected are detected through a signal collector and are transmitted to display equipment through the data processor for displaying;
and 5: driving the electric telescopic rod to drive the sliding seat to move, changing the relative position of the sliding seat, and repeating the operation to measure the protection data of the lightning rod at different positions of the sliding seat;
step 6: and comparing and analyzing the measured data, thereby accurately testing the optimal protection angle of the lightning rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the device, through the arrangement of the electric telescopic rod and the graduated scale, the sliding seat and the test bed can slide, and the sliding seat is driven to move under the action of the electric telescopic rod, so that the distance between the equipment to be protected and the lightning rod is adjusted, the protection effect of the lightning rod on the equipment to be protected at different positions can be measured, the lightning rod protection angle can be measured, and the graduated scale can correspondingly indicate the position data of the equipment to be protected, so that the subsequent transportation and analysis are facilitated. The problem of the lightning rod with treat that the interval between the protection equipment is relatively fixed, test effect is not good is solved.
2. The device can detect the voltage and the current flowing on the lightning rod by the aid of the measurer through arrangement of the measurer, the data processor and the signal collector, so that the diversion effect of the lightning rod is judged, the data processor and the signal collector can collect and process the variable quantity of the working power data of the equipment to be protected, so that the corresponding protection effect of the lightning rod is indirectly judged, and the lightning rod protection angle is tested. The problem of electric power data fluctuation in twinkling of an eye and the fluctuation range is little, test effect is not good is solved.
3. The device can boost the voltage by the aid of the boosting transformer through the arrangement of the boosting transformer, so that high-voltage discharge is generated, lightning stroke is simulated, and therefore lightning stroke tests with different strengths can be performed, and the test requirements are met. The problem of use same voltage to test, lead to the result of testing to have certain contingency, test effect is not good is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the connection between the sliding seat and the test bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the area A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the test of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a test bed; 2. an insulating support seat; 3. a storage battery; 4. a power supply connector; 5. mounting a supporting plate; 6. regulating and controlling equipment; 7. a step-up transformer; 8. a high voltage cable; 9. a test jig; 10. a switch button; 11. a discharge electrode; 12. a lightning rod; 13. a grounding device; 14. a chute; 15. an electric telescopic rod; 16. a sliding seat; 17. a display device; 18. an electromagnetic shield; 19. a device to be protected; 20. a graduated scale; 21. a measurer; 22. a data line; 23. a roller; 24. a slider; 25. a down conductor; 26. a data processor; 27. and a signal collector.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: an experimental device for testing a lightning rod protection angle comprises a test bench 1, wherein an insulating support seat 2 is arranged below the test bench 1, the insulating support seat 2 is connected with the test bench 1 through screws, a test frame 9 is arranged above the test bench 1, a lightning rod 12 is arranged on one side of the test frame 9, the test frame 9 and the lightning rod 12 are both connected with the test bench 1 through screws, a chute 14 is arranged at the upper end of the test bench 1, the chute 14 and the test bench 1 are punched into an integral structure, a sliding seat 16 is arranged on one side of the lightning rod 12, one end of the sliding seat 16 extends into the chute 14, the sliding seat 16 is connected with the test bench 1 in a sliding manner, equipment 19 to be protected is arranged above the sliding seat 16, the equipment 19 to be protected is connected with the sliding seat 16 through screws, an electric telescopic rod 15 is arranged on one side of the sliding seat 16, and two ends of the electric telescopic rod 15 are respectively connected with the test bench 1 and the sliding seat 16 through screws, electric telescopic handle 15 drives sliding seat 16 horizontal migration to adjust the interval of treating between protective apparatus 19 and the lightning rod 12, can test out and treat protective apparatus 19 different position department working data, one side of sliding seat 16 is provided with display device 17, and display device 17 passes through the screw connection with sliding seat 16, and display device 17 can show the data of test.
Further, a data processor 26 and a signal collector 27 are arranged inside the sliding seat 16, the data processor 26 and the signal collector 27 are both connected with the sliding seat 16 through screws, one end of the signal collector 27 is electrically connected with the device to be protected 19, the other end of the signal collector 27 is electrically connected with one end of the data processor 26, and the other end of the data processor 26 is electrically connected with the display device 17. The signal collector 27 can detect the power data of the work of the device 19 to be protected during the high-voltage discharge process, and the data processor 26 can perform processing and analysis, so as to test the power data fluctuation of the device 19 to be protected.
Further, a graduated scale 20 is arranged on one side of the sliding chute 14, the graduated scale 20 is connected with the test bed 1 through screws, and the graduated scale 20 is arranged on one side of the sliding seat 16. The corresponding position of the slide seat 16 can be indicated by the scale 20, thereby facilitating the subsequent comparative analysis.
Further, one side of test jig 9 is provided with battery 3, and battery 3 passes through the screw connection with test bench 1, and one side of battery 3 is provided with power connection 4, and power connection 4 sets up structure as an organic whole with battery 3, and the top of battery 3 is provided with mounting plate 5, and mounting plate 5 passes through the screw connection with test jig 9, and one side of mounting plate 5 is provided with regulation and control equipment 6, and regulation and control equipment 6 passes through the screw connection with mounting plate 5. The test power supply can be provided via the battery 3 and the power connection 4 and can be regulated by means of the control device 6.
Further, a step-up transformer 7 is arranged above the mounting support plate 5, the step-up transformer 7 is connected with the mounting support plate 5 through screws, the step-up transformer 7 is electrically connected with the storage battery 3 and the regulation and control device 6, a discharge electrode 11 is arranged below the test jig 9, the discharge electrode 11 is connected with the test jig 9 through screws, the discharge electrode 11 is arranged above the lightning rod 12, a high-voltage cable 8 is arranged between the discharge electrode 11 and the step-up transformer 7, a switch button 10 is arranged on one side of the test jig 9, the switch button 10 is connected with the test jig 9 through screws, and the switch button 10 is electrically connected with the high-voltage cable 8. The voltage can be boosted by the step-up transformer 7, and high-voltage discharge is performed by the discharge electrode 11, so that a lightning stroke test is simulated.
Further, a grounding device 13 is arranged below the test bed 1, the grounding device 13 is connected with the test bed 1 through screws, a down lead 25 is arranged between the grounding device 13 and the lightning rod 12, two ends of the down lead 25 are respectively electrically connected with the grounding device 13 and the lightning rod 12, a measurer 21 is arranged on one side of the lightning rod 12, the measurer 21 is electrically connected with the down lead 25, a data line 22 is arranged between the measurer 21 and the display device 17, and two ends of the data line 22 are respectively electrically connected with the measurer 21 and the display device 17. The voltage received by the lightning rod 12 can be dissipated by conducting through the grounding device 13 and the down conductor 25, and the measuring device 21 can detect the voltage and current data flowing in the lightning rod 12.
Further, an electromagnetic shielding cover 18 is arranged at the upper end of the sliding seat 16, the electromagnetic shielding cover 18 is attached to the sliding seat 16, and the electromagnetic shielding cover 18 is arranged between the sliding seat 16 and the device to be protected 19. The electromagnetic shielding case 18 can play a role of electromagnetic isolation, and ensures the stable operation of the data processor 26 and the signal collector 27.
Further, the inside of spout 14 is provided with gyro wheel 23, and gyro wheel 23 rotates with test bench 1 to be connected, and gyro wheel 23 laminates with the lower extreme of sliding seat 16 mutually, and the both sides of sliding seat 16 all are provided with slider 24, and slider 24 sets up structure as an organic whole with sliding seat 16, and the one end of slider 24 extends to the inside of test bench 1, and slider 24 and test bench 1 sliding connection. The roller 23 can reduce the moving resistance of the sliding seat 16, and the slider 24 can play a role in guiding and limiting the sliding seat 16, so that the stability of the sliding adjustment of the sliding seat 16 is improved.
The method for testing the experimental device of the lightning rod protection angle comprises the following steps:
step 1: mounting the lightning rod 12 to be tested on the test bed 1 and connecting the test lead correctly;
step 2: regulating the booster transformer 7 by means of the regulating device 6 to regulate the discharge voltage to a required value;
and 3, step 3: driving the electric telescopic rod 15 to drive the sliding seat 16 to move, moving the sliding seat 16 to a proper position and recording a corresponding data value of the graduated scale 20;
and 4, step 4: the switch button 10 is pressed to release electric arc by the discharge electrode 11, thereby simulating lightning strike, detecting the voltage and current of the lightning rod 12 by the measurer 21, detecting the working power data fluctuation data of the equipment to be protected 19 by the signal collector 27, processing the data by the data processor 26 and transmitting the data to the display equipment 17 for display;
and 5: driving the electric telescopic rod 15 to drive the sliding seat 16 to move, changing the relative position of the sliding seat 16, and repeating the operation to measure the protection data of the lightning rod 12 at different positions of the sliding seat 16;
step 6: and comparing and analyzing the plurality of groups of measured data, so that the optimal protection angle of the lightning rod 12 can be accurately tested.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (5)
1. Experimental device of test lightning rod angle of protection, including test bench (1), its characterized in that: an insulating support seat (2) is arranged below the test bed (1), the insulating support seat (2) is connected with the test bed (1) through screws, a test frame (9) is arranged above the test bed (1), a lightning rod (12) is arranged on one side of the test frame (9), the test frame (9) and the lightning rod (12) are connected with the test bed (1) through screws, a sliding groove (14) is arranged at the upper end of the test bed (1), the sliding groove (14) and the test bed (1) are punched into an integral structure, a sliding seat (16) is arranged on one side of the lightning rod (12), one end of the sliding seat (16) extends into the sliding groove (14), the sliding seat (16) is connected with the test bed (1) in a sliding mode, equipment to be protected (19) is arranged above the sliding seat (16), and the equipment to be protected (19) is connected with the sliding seat (16) through screws, one side of the sliding seat (16) is provided with an electric telescopic rod (15), two ends of the electric telescopic rod (15) are respectively connected with the test bed (1) and the sliding seat (16) through screws, one side of the sliding seat (16) is provided with a display device (17), the display device (17) is connected with the sliding seat (16) through screws, one side of the test frame (9) is provided with a storage battery (3), the storage battery (3) is connected with the test bed (1) through screws, one side of the storage battery (3) is provided with a power connector (4), the power connector (4) and the storage battery (3) are arranged into an integral structure, a mounting support plate (5) is arranged above the storage battery (3), the mounting support plate (5) is connected with the test bed (9) through screws, one side of the mounting support plate (5) is provided with a regulation and control device (6), and the regulation and control device (6) is connected with the mounting support plate (5) through screws, the device is characterized in that a step-up transformer (7) is arranged above the mounting support plate (5), the step-up transformer (7) is connected with the mounting support plate (5) through screws, the step-up transformer (7) is electrically connected with a storage battery (3) and a regulation and control device (6), a discharge electrode (11) is arranged below the test frame (9), the discharge electrode (11) is connected with the test frame (9) through screws, the discharge electrode (11) is arranged above the lightning rod (12), a high-voltage cable (8) is arranged between the discharge electrode (11) and the step-up transformer (7), one side of the test frame (9) is provided with a switch button (10), the switch button (10) is connected with the test frame (9) through screws, the switch button (10) is electrically connected with the high-voltage cable (8), a data processor (26) and a signal collector (27) are arranged inside the sliding seat (16), and data processor (26) and signal collector (27) all pass through the screw connection with sliding seat (16), the one end of signal collector (27) is connected with waiting to protect equipment (19) electricity, and the other end of signal collector (27) is connected with the one end electricity of data processor (26), the other end and the display device (17) electricity of data processor (26) are connected, one side of spout (14) is provided with scale (20), and scale (20) pass through the screw connection with test bench (1), scale (20) set up the one side at sliding seat (16).
2. The experimental facility for testing the angle of protection of a lightning rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lightning protection device is characterized in that a grounding device (13) is arranged below the test bed (1), the grounding device (13) is connected with the test bed (1) through screws, a down lead (25) is arranged between the grounding device (13) and the lightning rod (12), two ends of the down lead (25) are respectively electrically connected with the grounding device (13) and the lightning rod (12), a measurer (21) is arranged on one side of the lightning rod (12), the measurer (21) is electrically connected with the down lead (25), a data line (22) is arranged between the measurer (21) and the display device (17), and two ends of the data line (22) are respectively and electrically connected with the measurer (21) and the display device (17).
3. The experimental facility for testing the angle of protection of a lightning rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of sliding seat (16) is provided with electromagnetic shield cover (18), and electromagnetic shield cover (18) and sliding seat (16) laminating are connected, electromagnetic shield cover (18) set up sliding seat (16) and wait to protect between the equipment (19).
4. The experimental facility for testing the angle of protection of a lightning rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of spout (14) is provided with gyro wheel (23), and gyro wheel (23) rotate with test bench (1) and be connected, gyro wheel (23) laminate mutually with the lower extreme of sliding seat (16), the both sides of sliding seat (16) all are provided with slider (24), and slider (24) and sliding seat (16) set up structure as an organic whole, the one end of slider (24) extends to the inside of test bench (1), and slider (24) and test bench (1) sliding connection.
5. The method for testing the experimental facility for the protection angle of the lightning rod according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: mounting a lightning rod (12) to be tested on the test bed (1) and correctly connecting a test lead;
step 2: regulating the booster transformer (7) by means of the regulating device (6) to regulate the discharge voltage to a required value;
and step 3: driving an electric telescopic rod (15) to drive a sliding seat (16) to move, moving the sliding seat (16) to a proper position and recording a corresponding data value of a graduated scale (20);
and 4, step 4: pressing a switch button (10) releases electric arcs by a discharge electrode (11) so as to simulate lightning strike, detecting the voltage and the current of a lightning rod (12) by a measurer (21), detecting working power data fluctuation data of equipment to be protected (19) by a signal collector (27), processing the data by a data processor (26) and transmitting the data to a display device (17) for displaying;
and 5: driving an electric telescopic rod (15) to drive a sliding seat (16) to move, changing the relative position of the sliding seat (16), and repeating the operation to measure the electric power data of the equipment (19) to be protected at different positions of the sliding seat (16);
step 6: and comparing and analyzing the plurality of groups of measured data, so that the optimal protection angle of the lightning rod (12) can be accurately tested.
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