CN204831229U - Tunnel lining crack depth measuring device - Google Patents
Tunnel lining crack depth measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204831229U CN204831229U CN201520654655.0U CN201520654655U CN204831229U CN 204831229 U CN204831229 U CN 204831229U CN 201520654655 U CN201520654655 U CN 201520654655U CN 204831229 U CN204831229 U CN 204831229U
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- water
- tunnel lining
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- pipe
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a tunnel lining crack depth methods of measurement and measuring device, include the principle that results in discharge to change according to the hydraulic rivers of invariant infiltrations different degree of depth cracks, will lead to the measuring tube that persevering pressurized -water flows and place on the fissured top of tunnel lining that flow when obtaining in the measuring tube rivers infiltration tunnel lining crack calculates through the linear interpolation principle according to flow, measuring tube unit area flow and measuring tube cross sectional area during rivers infiltration tunnel lining crack in the measuring tube and obtains tunnel lining crack cross sectional area, then utilize the calculation of triangle -shaped geometrical relationship to obtain tunnel lining crack radial depth according to tunnel lining fracture width and the tunnel lining crack cross sectional area that calculation obtained, the utility model discloses a measuring device can anytime and anywhere carries out fissured measurement, and measuring height according to the height control instrument of difference is fit for carrying out just slightly aassessment and real time monitoring crack developments to the tunnel slot.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to tunneling technique field, particularly relates to a kind of Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device.
Background technology
Method for measurement about the penetration of fracture in present tunnel is fewer, the instrument that general many uses are more accurate, and measurement effect is not very desirable, and instrument and equipment is costly, especially, when not needing fracture to carry out precision measurement, adopt exact instrument cost performance low.
Crack Monitoring instrument is now commercially had to be the detection of fracture width and quantity mostly, less to the detecting instrument of the tunnel slot degree of depth.Existing instrument has " GTJ-FSY Crake depth testing instrument " " concrete multifunction nondestructive test instrument ", " ZBL-F610 crack sounder " etc., and the principle of these instruments above is all adopt ultrasound checking concrete defect technology.But ultrasonic method inherently has a lot of influence factors, comprising:
1, the impact of couple state: (1) is surveyed face smooth (2) couplant thickness homogeneous (3) and adhered to without silt.These factors are all difficult to avoid, and the result of therefore testing often is affected.
2, the impact of steel: transducer requires leave the certain distance of reinforcing bar or have a certain degree.This point, therefore in actual applications can be very inconvenient owing to all will add a lot of steel constructions in the supporting construction in tunnel, affects result.
3, water mitigation: require that tested object is in drying regime, can not have water in crack.This point, in underground chamber structure, is be difficult to ensure sometimes.
Except above reason, the cost height of instrument is also one of its shortcoming, and carry out just slightly assessment for tunnel slot and monitor crack in real time dynamic, too high instrument cost considers it is obviously disadvantageous from the angle of economy.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art and deficiency, the utility model provides a kind of Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device, and this device uses simple, easy to operate, be applicable to carrying out just slightly assessment to tunnel slot and monitoring crack is dynamic, convenient and practical in real time, safe and reliable, with low cost.
A kind of Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device, comprise the pressure regulating member, communication member and the align member that are communicated with successively, align member is placed on Lining Crack place to be determined, current flow in align member by pressure regulating member and communication member, align member and tunnel-liner form cavity body structure only to be made current infiltrate in crack to produce fluctuations in discharge, calculates crack radial depth by the unit interval discharge measuring communication member.
Concrete, described pressure regulating member comprises equalizing tank, arranges water inlet and water delivering orifice on the top of equalizing tank, and the bottom of equalizing tank is communicated with communication member.
More specifically, described communication member is water-supply-pipe.
Further, described align member is measuring flume, the surface plate that measuring flume comprises a U-shaped and the cell body that the frame gradually wide from top to bottom set firmly in horseshoe clamp face plate edge forms, and described communication member is communicated with measuring flume through horseshoe clamp panel;
The height of measuring flume is equal to or greater than the height of pressure regulating member.
Further, the edge that described measuring flume contacts with tunnel-liner arranges soft sealing surface, and under sealing surface, multiple spring is set.
In addition, also comprise water tank, rising pipe and water inlet pipe, the water inlet of equalizing tank is communicated with water tank with water inlet pipe, and the water delivering orifice of equalizing tank is communicated with water tank with rising pipe.
And also comprise fixed cone, the fixing of device is carried out in the below that fixed cone is arranged on water tank; Fixed cone comprises the one-level pipe, diode, triode and the Taper Pipe that are socketed successively.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model is:
(1) the utility model is equal according to water potential energy under contour condition, can obtain equivalent pressure action, under the effect of pressure, water can flow out along crack, the different penetrations of fracture, the speed of current can be caused different, when not having crannied, the speed of current is zero, and when crack exceeds measurement range, flow velocity reaches the measurement that maximum principle carries out the penetration of fracture, can effectively overcome existing technological deficiency, range of application is wider, with low cost, and technology realizes simple;
(2) device of the present utility model coordinates by equalizing tank and water meter the measurement realizing tunnel slot, the function of all parts is that equalizing tank is used for controlling hydraulic pressure, the current hydraulic pressure acted on above crack is consistent, the effect of water meter is record discharge, namely discharge according to the unit interval can converse the penetration of fracture, can obtain a comparatively stably measured result, the measuring accuracy of satisfying the demand, instrumentation and operation are all very convenient simultaneously, economic environmental protection again;
(3) measurement mechanism of the present utility model can carry out the measurement in crack anywhere or anytime, according to the measuring height of different height control instruments, be applicable to carrying out just slightly assessment to tunnel slot and monitoring crack is dynamic, convenient and practical in real time, safe and reliable, with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model when carrying out tunnel slot depth survey;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the fixed cone of apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is the schematic enlarged-scale view of the measuring flume of apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model;
In figure, each label is expressed as: 1-apparatus for measuring crack depth, 2-tunnel-liner, 3-Lining Crack, 4-tunnel runway panel, 5-inverted arch;
101-equalizing tank, 1011-link, 1012-water meter, 102-water tank, 1021-water tank inlet, 1022-battery case, 1023-water pump, 103-measuring flume, 1031-measure chamber, 1032-support bar, 1033-sealing surface, 1034-spring, 104-rising pipe, 105-water inlet pipe, 106-water-supply-pipe, 107-first pole, 108-second pole, 109-fixed cone, 1091-one-level pipe, 1092-diode, 1093-triode, 1094-Taper Pipe;
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is illustrated.
Embodiment
The utility model is equal according to water potential energy under contour condition, equivalent pressure action can be obtained, under the effect of pressure, water can flow out along crack, the different penetrations of fracture, the speed of current can be caused different, when not having crannied, the speed of current is zero, and when crack exceeds measurement range, flow velocity reaches the measurement that maximum principle carries out the penetration of fracture;
Device of the present utility model coordinates by equalizing tank and water meter the measurement realizing tunnel slot, the function of all parts is that equalizing tank is used for controlling hydraulic pressure, the current hydraulic pressure acted on above crack is consistent, the effect of water meter is record discharge, namely discharge according to the unit interval can converse the penetration of fracture, a comparatively stably measured result can be obtained, the measuring accuracy of satisfying the demand.
Tunnel slot depth measurement device of the present utility model is mainly applicable to the crack that the Vertical Cracks in tunnel and angle of inclination are less than 45 °, angle of inclination refers to the angle between fracture strike and surface level vertical line, for the crack being greater than 45 °, this instrument also can be measured, but precision can reduce, error can become large, at this moment just requires that gauger has abundant measurement experience.Requirement for fracture width is, cracking width can be seen by naked eyes in crack.The crack that if fracture width is too little or be the upper and lower changing of the relative positions and do not ftracture, they almost can not seep water, and that cannot be measured, and major part does not need to measure, because such microfracture generally meets design specifications requirement yet.The fracture width that device of the present utility model can be measured is greater than the measurement requirement that surveying instrument that 0.1mm can produce various model size as required meets different in width crack.
The cross-sectional area of water-supply-pipe determines according to the breadth extreme in crack, and the area of section of pipe requires that its maximum unit time discharge exceedes the unit interval water percolating capacity in the maximum crack of specification regulation;
The width of measuring flume is greater than fracture width, can hold water, and the height of measuring flume must, higher than the height of equalizing tank middle water level, can be designed to the same with equalizing tank high by the height of measuring flume in design.Can ensure that the water level in measuring flume remains at sustained height like this, namely consistent with the height of equalizing tank middle water level, ensure that hydraulic pressure is constant.
The principle of work of crack of the present utility model measurement mechanism is:
In composition graphs 1, figure, A and B is the waterline of equalizing tank and measuring flume respectively, and in figure, the direction of arrow represents the flow direction of water;
If crack 3 cross-sectional area is A
x, the cross-sectional area of water-supply-pipe 106 is A
p, actual monitoring speed when current in water-supply-pipe 106 flow into crack is V
x, the flow velocity under water-supply-pipe 106 constant voltage is V
max;
Work as V
xwhen=0, known A
x=0; Work as V
x=V
maxtime, A
x>=A
p, according to linear interpolation principle, crack 3 cross-sectional area A can be conversed thus
x; Be A when obtaining crack 3 cross-sectional area
xafter, utilize steel ruler can measure the width D in crack 3, the radial depth H in crack 3 can be calculated according to leg-of-mutton geometric relationship.
Concrete computation process is as follows:
Wherein
q
maxfor the flow under water-supply-pipe 106 constant voltage, Q
xfor in water-supply-pipe 106 current flow into crack time monitoring flow; Can be measured by the flowmeter be arranged on water-supply-pipe 106, the uninterrupted that different Instrument specifications is corresponding different;
The radial depth H in crack 3 can be calculated according to leg-of-mutton geometric relationship by above-mentioned measurement data,
Analysis of Influential Factors: because water-supply-pipe 106 of the present utility model adopts plastic tube, plastic tube can produce frictional head loss, plastic tube calculates along Cheng Shuitou with the calculation of head losses of PE pipe, and according to Darcy formula, plastic round tube frictional head loss hf should be calculated as follows:
From formula, influence factor is length of tube L and flow velocity V mainly, and because in instrument, L and V is very little, very little on measurement result impact, the loss of flood peak hf that therefore plastic tube causes ignores, therefore, and the radial depth H in crack,
Apparatus for measuring crack depth of the present utility model mainly comprises equalizing tank 101, water tank 102, measuring flume 103, rising pipe 104, water inlet pipe 105 and water-supply-pipe 106, equalizing tank 101 is vertically being communicated with water inlet pipe 105 by rising pipe 104 with water tank 102, equalizing tank 101 at guaranteed water level while design water level, current are recycled by rising pipe 104 and water inlet pipe 105 between equalizing tank 101 and water tank 102, water in equalizing tank 101 is defeated by the cavity that formed between measuring flume 103 and Tunnel Lining Cracks to be measured 3 by water-supply-pipe 106, the calculating of tunnel slot 3 degree of depth can be carried out by the discharge measured on water-supply-pipe 106.
Embodiment one:
Composition graphs 3-7, the penetration of fracture of the present embodiment is measured 1 device and is comprised equalizing tank 101, water tank 102, measuring flume 103, rising pipe 104, water inlet pipe 105, water-supply-pipe 106, first pole 107, second pole 108 and fixed cone 109, wherein the top of equalizing tank 101 is vertically communicated with water inlet pipe 105 respectively by rising pipe 104 with water tank 102, the bottom of equalizing tank 101 and measuring flume 103 are communicated with in the horizontal direction by water-supply-pipe 106 and are fixed by the first pole 107 and the second pole 108, fixed cone 109 is vertically arranged on the below of water tank 102, water tank 102 is originated with water for equalizing tank 101 provides, equalizing tank 101 regulates the water level in measuring flume 3 consistent with the water level in equalizing tank 101 by water-supply-pipe 106, the position of water tank 102 is fixed by fixed cone 109, wherein:
Equalizing tank 101 is vertically being connected by link 1011 with water tank, water meter 1012 is arranged on the measurement of flow water-supply-pipe 106 carrying out water in water-supply-pipe 106, the top of water tank 102 arranges water tank inlet 1021, battery case 1022 is arranged on outside the sidewall of water tank, and water pump 1023 is arranged in water tank 102 and the water in water tank 102 is transferred to equalizing tank 101 by water inlet pipe 105; Water inlet and the arranging of water delivering orifice on equalizing tank 101 top ensure that in measuring process, hydraulic pressure is constant, because fracture width is little, the speed of water flow is slow, so the water of very fast equalizing tank 101 will reach design water level, unnecessary water can along in rising pipe 101 reflow tank 102, this ensures that thering hydraulic pressure is a definite value, and water flow energy recycles;
Measuring flume 103 is the cell body of a U-shaped from elevation, two sides of measuring flume 103 are the frame broadened gradually from top to bottom, by the surface plate of a U-shaped, concrete adds that both sides are the cell body that frame gradually wide from top to bottom forms, the inner chamber of cell body is for measuring chamber 1031, the below of measuring flume 103 sets firmly support bar 1032, support bar 1032 is by being fixedly connected with the link 1011 under equalizing tank 101 with the second pole 108 with the first pole 107 that water-supply-pipe 106 is parallel to each other, for measuring flume 103 and the contact of tunnel-liner 2 provide larger anchorage force, sealing surface 1033 is set on outside the U-shaped of measuring flume 103 and is embedded in the spring 1034 between sealing surface 1033 and measuring flume 103 edge, for measuring flume 103 and the contact of tunnel-liner 2 provide buffer distance, make measuring flume 103 more tight with the surface of contact of tunnel-liner 2, anti-sealing is revealed,
109 fixed cones comprise the one-level pipe 1091, diode 1092, triode 1093 and the Taper Pipe 1094 that are socketed successively, when needing the support carrying out being greater than one-level pipe 1091 and Taper Pipe 1094 height, diode 1092 and triode 1093 can be pulled out, and to fix with bolt or umbrella bar that annexation between each body is similar to umbrella carries out the fixing of height.
The course of work of tunnel slot depth measurement device of the present utility model:
Composition graphs 2, apparatus for measuring crack depth 1 of the present utility model is for measuring the Lining Crack 3 in tunnel-liner 2, the basic structure in tunnel comprises tunnel-liner 2, tunnel runway panel 4 and inverted arch 5, crack usually appears in tunnel-liner 2 and is called Lining Crack 3, when using this device to carry out the measurement of Lining Crack 3 degree of depth, first according to height and the position needs in crack, the height of adjustment fixed cone 109, the height increasing fixed cone 109 by pull-out triode 1093 and diode 1092 meets the demand of differing heights, after being screwed in through hole the relative position fixing pipe at different levels with bolt again, be fixed on the insertion tunnel, tip of Taper Pipe 1094 driving panel 4,
Secondly, surperficial Lining Crack 3 place measuring flume 103 being close to tunnel-liner 2 places, measuring flume 103 1 pressure are given in the horizontal direction after placing, make the sealing surface 1033 of measuring flume 103 be close to the lining cutting anti-sealing side leakage in surface, measuring flume 103 and tunnel-liner 2 constitute the cavity of upper opening;
Finally start water pump 1023, water in water tank 102 is filled with in equalizing tank 101, current are by water meter 1012, enter in the cavity that measuring flume 103 and tunnel-liner 2 and Lining Crack 3 form along water-supply-pipe 106, in the starting stage, body of wall can be a large amount of water suction, when water suction saturated after (after filling water in measuring flume) measure; During measurement, by the volume of water flowed out by crack in water meter 1012 and a stopwatch record unit time, then calculated the radial depth in crack by other known parameters.
Embodiment two:
The tunnel slot depth measurement device in embodiment one is adopted to carry out experimental measurement to Tunnel Second Lining near sheet dawn main road, the official pool, Liu Dong new district, Liuzhou City engineering three river Tunnel Right Line import YK0+950:
The numerical value of known conditions and measurement: the cross-sectional area A of water-supply-pipe 106
p=3.14cm
2, the flow Q under water-supply-pipe 106 constant voltage
max=31.4cm
3/ s, the water-supply-pipe 106 recorded by water meter in the measurements gos deep into detection flow Q during Tunnel Lining Cracks
x=8.6cm
3/ s, the fracture width D=0.1cm of point position;
According to Computing Principle formula:
Claims (7)
1. a Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device, it is characterized in that, comprise the pressure regulating member, communication member and the align member that are communicated with successively, align member is placed on Lining Crack place to be determined, current flow in align member by pressure regulating member and communication member, align member and tunnel-liner form cavity body structure only to be made current infiltrate in crack to produce fluctuations in discharge, calculates crack radial depth by the unit interval discharge measuring communication member.
2. Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressure regulating member comprises equalizing tank (101), arrange water inlet and water delivering orifice on the top of equalizing tank (101), the bottom of equalizing tank (101) is communicated with communication member.
3. Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described communication member is water-supply-pipe (106).
4. Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described align member is measuring flume (103), the surface plate that measuring flume (103) comprises a U-shaped and the cell body that the frame gradually wide from top to bottom set firmly in horseshoe clamp face plate edge forms, described communication member is communicated with measuring flume (103) through horseshoe clamp panel;
The height of measuring flume (103) is equal to or greater than the height of pressure regulating member.
5. Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the edge that described measuring flume (103) contacts with tunnel-liner arranges soft sealing surface (1033), and multiple spring (1034) is set under sealing surface.
6. Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, also comprise water tank (102), rising pipe (104) and water inlet pipe (105), the water inlet of equalizing tank (101) is communicated with water tank (102) with water inlet pipe (105), and the water delivering orifice of equalizing tank (101) is communicated with water tank (102) with rising pipe (104).
7. Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise fixed cone (109), and the fixing of device is carried out in the below that fixed cone (109) is arranged on water tank (102); Fixed cone (109) comprises the one-level pipe (1091), diode (1092), triode (1093) and the Taper Pipe (1094) that are socketed successively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520654655.0U CN204831229U (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2015-08-27 | Tunnel lining crack depth measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520654655.0U CN204831229U (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2015-08-27 | Tunnel lining crack depth measuring device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN204831229U true CN204831229U (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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ID=54688821
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| CN201520654655.0U Expired - Fee Related CN204831229U (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2015-08-27 | Tunnel lining crack depth measuring device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105136072A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 长安大学 | Tunnel lining crack depth measuring method and measuring device |
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2015
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105136072A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 长安大学 | Tunnel lining crack depth measuring method and measuring device |
| CN105136072B (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-10-31 | 长安大学 | A kind of Tunnel Lining Cracks depth measurement method and measurement apparatus |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151202 Termination date: 20160827 |