CN2047233U - Automobile electropneumatic gearshift mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automobile electro-pneumatic gearshift device. The device uses an electronic circuit to control the gearshift time and the operating program, uses compressed air as a gearshift power and adopts a step speed change to automatically shift gears, mainly composed of a press-key type control switch, a pneumatic actuating mechanism, an electric control mechanism and an auxiliary mechanism. The control switch comprises a reversing key, a neutral-gear key and an advancing key. The pneumatic actuating mechanism uses the compressed air to drive a cylinder piston to move so as to realize the advancing gear or the neutral gear of the gear of the speed changing box. The electric control mechanism can ensure the automatic regulation and transformation of the gears of the running automobile. The device has automatic, accurate, stable and reliable gearshift, convenient operation and low cost, can raise the power performance of the automobile and can save fuel by 2% after being used.

Description

Automobile electropneumatic gearshift mechanism

The utility model belongs to the automobile gear shift device.

Before the utility model was made, automobile gear shift was generally stirred variable gear by chaufeur by joystick and is realized.Because manual control acts frequently, labour intensity is big, is unfavorable for traffic safety.According to statistics, in the city driving automobile gear shift density be per ten seconds to half a minute once.The highway section that volume of traffic is big, 100 kilometers needs gearshifts 400-600 time of whenever travelling are used power-transfer clutch 600-700 time, and average every 30-40 need operate once second.Number of operations is many more, and is big more to the safe driving influence.Secondly, during operation, action is many, and difficulty is big, requires height, is difficult for learning and mastering.The every operation of manual shift once has 8-9 action, requires chaufeur expertly to use power-transfer clutch, throttle and joystick, simultaneously also will be according to the driving situation, select gearshift opportunity immediately, thereby work has brought difficulty to training drivers.The 3rd, diminish the tractive performance and the economic performance of automobile.Owing to need the power of combustion cutoff during gearshift, cause the loss of car speed inevitably, diminish the tractive performance of automobile.And the speed of a motor vehicle of each gear changes will directly influence the consumption of fuel oil, thereby also can influence the economic performance of automobile.The 4th, influence the through performance of automobile.When automobile travelled under abominable pavement conditions such as mire or sand ground, regular meeting caused tyre skidding or engine off, and can't advance because the gearshift action is improper or untimely.The 5th, the ride comfort and the service life of reducing automobile.In vehicle starting or when gearshift, manual shift regular meeting cause automobile in various degree impact and jolt, can make not only by bus that personnel do not feel well, and the frequent impact load that occurs, will shorten the service life of automotive transmission greatly.In order to overcome these defectives of armstrong's patent gearshift, in senior minibus, large-scale autotruck and part special vehicle, gearshifts such as hydromechanical drive, hydrostatic drive and electric tramsmission have been adopted both at home and abroad at present.But these gearshifts are low because of complex structure, cost height, efficient again, use shortcomings such as limitation is big to be difficult to promoting the use of in general car.

At the above-mentioned weak point of existing automobile gear shift device, the utility model provides a kind of new automobile gearshift, is intended to realize self shifter, reduce labor intensity, save fuel oil, convenient study is driven, in the prolonged mechanical life-span, improve the tractive performance and the through performance of automobile.

The purpose of this utility model realizes by following proposal.With electronic circuit control gearshift opportunity and operation program, be shifting power with the pressurized air, adopt the self-shifting ecp gearshift of step change.This device is made of cabinet switch, air-actuator, electrical control mechanism and auxiliary mechanism.Wherein, cabinet switch (Fig. 1) constitutes by being carved with three keys (7) of admiring D, N, three capitalization English letters of R, that structure is identical on the key face respectively, the waist of each key of admiring all has a groove (9), from then on groove all has an inclined-plane (8) to the bottom, and each key of admiring all is subjected to the restriction of two spring forces of crossed strip (3) and longitudinal spring (4) both direction simultaneously.Three keys of admiring act on same position switch (6) and two contact switchs (5) plucked.Air-actuator (Fig. 2) is positioned at automobile gearbox and covers, it by be positioned at former change shaft (14) two ends, structure is identical six adorn the cylinder (11) of piston (12), limiting valve (15) and electromagnetic valve (16) between cylinder and electromagnetic valve constitutes.The electrical control mechanism (see figure 3) is by being positioned at car speed sensor (30) on the propeller-shaft, engine speed sensor (31), the signal of car speed sensor and engine speed sensor being amplified the amplification reactive circuit (29) of feedback and constitutes at the cabinet switch and the AND circuit (22) of amplifying commander's air-actuator under the reactive circuit control.Auxiliary mechanism is by deciding position switch and manual control mechanism constitutes.

The utility model is owing to adopted the ecp structure, thereby realized the automation that automobile gear shift is handled, accuracy, stability and the reliability of gearshift have been increased, easy and simple to handle, be easy to learning and mastering, help safe driving, the automatically controlled and pneumatic dynamic property that also improves automobile, crossing ability and economic performance, use of the present utility model can reduce gearshift to the impact of automobile with jolt, thereby can strengthen the ride comfort of running car, prolong its mechanical life, increase the comfort that car occupant is taken, save fuel oil.Simultaneously easy for installation, with low cost.

Principle of work of the present utility model and program provide in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the cabinet switch constructional drawing.1, slide bar, 2, locating dowel pin, 3, the return crossed strip, 4, the key longitudinal spring of admiring, 5, contact switch, 6, pluck position switch, 7, the key of admiring, 8, the key inclined-plane of admiring, 9, the key groove of admiring.Cabinet switch is located at bridge instrumentation dish central authorities, and it can cut off or connect the power supply of D, R and N according to the intention of chaufeur.When depressing any one and admire key, the locating dowel pin (2) on the slide bar (1) just can be under the effect on the key inclined-plane (8) of admiring left lateral, force slide bar (1) compression return crossed strip (3), will pluck the closing of contact of position switch (6), provide and pluck the retaining power supply.When the key of admiring was forced into the end, under the effect of return crossed strip (3), locating dowel pin (2) just was stuck in the key groove (9) of admiring, and plucks position switch (6) and quits work, and made the key of admiring that is pressed keep mode of operation.When the D key was worked, power supply arrived electrical control mechanism by the contact switch of connecting (5), and change-speed box is " self shifter " mode of operation; In like manner, the work of R key will cause change-speed box to be " reversing " mode of operation; During the work of N key, other two keys then restore under the effect of longitudinal spring, and under the effect of plucking position switch (6), it is " neutral " state that change-speed box withdraws from former gear.

Fig. 2 is the air-actuator structural representation.10, transmission case cover, 11, cylinder, 12, piston, 13, shift fork, 14, change shaft, 15, limiting valve, 16, electromagnetic valve, 17, gear on-off, 18, speed-change gear box, 19, standby bar handle.Air-actuator can utilize the pressurized air of automobile air storage vessel, by the effect of cylinder (11), piston (12), makes gearbox gear advance to keep off or pluck retaining.Electromagnetic valve (16) is made up of six QF-3 two-position three way magnetic valves, and import communicates with air tank, and outlet connects limiting valve (15).In electromagnetic valve when work,, pressurized air enters in the cylinder (11), acts on the piston (12), makes it to oppress change shaft (14), and the press belt that overcomes self-locking device is moved retaining shift fork (13) and stirred variable gear and advance retaining or pluck retaining.Limiting valve (15) can be avoided because of excessive neutral that causes of pressure " offside " in the cylinder (11) and variable gear impact.At the gear shift cover middle part gear on-off (17) is housed, after change-speed box advanced retaining, it can connect the gear indicator lamp, provided signal for plucking retaining simultaneously.

Fig. 3 is automobile electrically-controlled Pneumatic shift device principle of work block diagram.20, cabinet switch, 21, not circuit, 22, AND circuit, 23, electromagnetic valve reverses gear, 24, forward gear electromagnetic valve, 25, driving engine synchronizing signal regulating control, 26, integrated amplifier, 27, the throttle potential device, 28, gear shifting signal regulating control, 29, amplify reactive circuit, 30, car speed sensor, 31, engine speed sensor.The automatically controlled program of moveing backward: after the R circuit of cabinet switch (20) is connected, electrical control circuit is reverse by not circuit (21), make the electromagnetic valve that reverses gear (23) work, pressurized air is sent into the cylinder that reverses gear, by piston, shift fork etc. gearbox gear is moved and hang to reverse gear.The automatically controlled program of neutral is: behind the N power connection of cabinet switch (20), by the selected retaining electromagnetic valve that moves back of gear on-off former gear is deviate from.The automatically controlled program of advancing is: behind the D power connection of cabinet switch (20), and under the effect of clutch switch, two retaining electromagnetic valve work, the effect by cylinder etc. is hung into two retainings change speed gear box, starting.Variation along with the speed of a motor vehicle, AND circuit (22) is started working, will be from the vehicle speed signal of car speed sensor (30), comprehensively compare from the speed of a motor vehicle conditioning signal and the throttle opening signal of gear shifting signal regulating control (28), the retaining electromagnetic valve (24) that marches forward provides working power, make it enter readiness for operation, under the cooperation of synchronizing signal (by the engine rotational speed signal after amplifying arrangement), by the automatic conversion gear of actuating unit.

Fig. 4 is the schematic circuit diagram of automobile electrically-controlled Pneumatic shift device electrical control mechanism.Wherein A represents integrated amplifier, and B is an engine speed sensor, (it is a kind of automobile-used high-precision electronic speed gage, referring to " car electrics " the 255th page), C is the electromagnet that adds empty oil, the D line connects automobile ignition switch, E line point of attachment fire coil, J _1-7Be 4100 relays, W ₁Be the throttle potential device, W ₂Be the gear shifting signal regulating control, W ₃Be driving engine synchronizing signal regulating control, D _1-15Be unilateral diode, K ₁Be to decide position switch, K _2-7Be gear on-off, K ₈Be position switch into, T _1-2Be 3AK ₁₁, T _2-6Be 3DK12B, T _8-17Be DS33, ZD _1-5It is the gear indicator lamp.The automatically controlled program of moveing backward is: K _RClosure, power supply is through T ₁Anti-phase to T ₁₇, K ₈Closure, QF ₆Be about to pressurized air and send into the actuating unit cylinder that reverses gear.The automatically controlled program of advancing is: K _DClosure, power supply passes through T _TReverse direction flow is through J _1-3Normally closed contact to T ₁₃, K ₈Closure, QF ₂Work promptly hangs 2 retainings.Starting back SZMB-7 sensor passes through W with the tach signal of transmission shaft ₁, again through overcommutation, amplification and W ₂After the adjusting, change priority by parameter and make J ₃, J ₂, J ₁Work is at T ₈, T ₉Deng effect down, make change-speed box become neutral, wait for retaining.After this, engine speed sensor B becomes synchronizing signal with engine signal output back and gear shifting signal feedback, makes J according to size ₅Or J ₆Work is as J ₅Work, engine off then is as J ₆Work, then driving engine quickens, when reaching lock-in range, T ₁₁Work is according to J _1-3Service condition can allow QF _2-6Each retaining of plus-minus.

Auxiliary mechanism comprises and decides position switch and standby manual control mechanism.Wherein, decide position switch and be a commercially available automobile list retaining line breaker, be installed in the bridge instrumentation side of facing left, be connected on that to pluck in the retaining circuit (be the K in the electrical control circuit schematic diagram (Fig. 4) ₁), when not needing to shift gears automatic guidance,, cut off and move back the retaining circuit by the handle off switch.Standby manual control mechanism, promptly former car (automobile before the repacking) shift of transmission steering unit, it is made up of former speed change bar handle (19), change shaft (14), shift fork (13) etc.Its installation is identical with former car with method of operating.Its effect is: malfunctioning or rob situation such as retaining when taking place at automatic gear shift apparatus, and as the usefulness of insurance and preparation, to guarantee vehicle energy cruising.

Embodiment:

The contriver has produced according to such scheme can drop into the actual ecp gearshift that uses.And on the Jiefang brand CA-10B type automobile of oneself driving, loaded onto this device.The contriver is driving the automobile that this device is housed and is carrying out Ordinary road test and complex road surface test, now surplus the stroke 20,000 kilometer, and 5.5 tons of maximum carrying capacity.In the enforcement, this device result of use is good.Because each gear speed of a motor vehicle Be Controlled is within the specific limits, driving engine can be operated in the optimum speed district regularly, avoided because of the gearshift improper engine rpm too high that causes on opportunity, or low excessively harm.Because gearshift is accurate opportunity, coordination and the shortening of gearshift time show with the comparative test of car with condition, use automobile of the present utility model than the about fuel oil 2% of general automobile more piece.As driving, then can save fuel oil 5-15% by fresh driver.Simultaneously, the utility model is installed on an automobile is only needed 300-400 yuan, with low cost.

Claims (4)

1, automobile electrically-controlled Pneumatic shift device is characterized in that it is made of cabinet switch, air-actuator, electrical control mechanism and auxiliary mechanism.

2, according to the said automobile gear shift device of claim 1, it is characterized in that said cabinet switch constitutes by being carved with three keys of admiring D, N, three capitalization English letters of R, that structure is identical on the key face respectively, the waist of each key of admiring all has a groove, from then on groove all has an inclined-plane to the bottom, and each key of admiring all is subjected to the restriction of two spring forces of crossed strip and longitudinal spring both direction simultaneously.

3, according to the said automobile gear shift device of claim 1, it is characterized in that said air-actuator is positioned at automobile gearbox and covers, it by former change shaft two ends, structure is identical in six cylinder of dress piston, limiting valve and the electromagnetic valve between cylinder and electromagnetic valve constitute.

4,, it is characterized in that said electrical control mechanism is by being positioned at car speed sensor on the propeller-shaft, engine speed sensor, the signal of car speed sensor and engine speed sensor being amplified the amplification reactive circuit of feedback and constitutes at the cabinet switch and the AND circuit of amplifying commander's air-actuator under the reactive circuit control according to the said automobile gear shift device of claim 1.

Images