CN204716475U - For the system generated electricity from sunshine - Google Patents
For the system generated electricity from sunshine Download PDFInfo
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- CN204716475U CN204716475U CN201420859797.6U CN201420859797U CN204716475U CN 204716475 U CN204716475 U CN 204716475U CN 201420859797 U CN201420859797 U CN 201420859797U CN 204716475 U CN204716475 U CN 204716475U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
For the system generated electricity from sunshine, wherein, sunshine can cause receiver, so that heating water and generate superheated vapor.The superheated vapor generated in receiver can be sent to heat exchanger, in a heat exchanger, some enthalpys in steam can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, this liquid phase sensible heat storage medium can be stored in different thermally insulated container at different temperatures.Steam can be cooled to the temperature higher than its corresponding condensing temperature in a heat exchanger, and then turns back to receiver in a gaseous form, for after heat.The second heat exchanger can be sent to by after hot steam, in the second heat exchanger, the enthalpy in superheated vapor can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium to use subsequently, or steamturbine can be sent to by after hot steam, for generating.
Description
the cross reference of related application
This application claims the U.S. Provisional Application No.62/054 submitted on September 23rd, 2014, the rights and interests of 258, are incorporated herein its full content by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to and use Sun Day according to carrying out produce power, and more specifically, relate to and use hot memory to store solar energy, and relate to and use steam to generate solar receiver and thermal energy storage system generated electricity from sunshine.
Background technique
May be used for sunshine heating water and steam in the receiver, for store heat and (such as via steamturbine) from store hanker generating.Enthalpy in superheated vapor can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, to use subsequently.Storage medium can be stored in different thermally insulated container at different temperatures, such as, container can at the colder temperature of the solidifying point closer to storage medium storage medium, and another container can closer to liquid phase material storage medium under air or any other select the comparatively hot temperature degree of the upper limit of the stability in gas.Term " container " may be used for representing any reservoir being suitable for storage medium, this reservoir can for natural storage device such as cave or can for manufacture reservoir such as store filling tank.
Model utility content
The superheated vapor generated in receiver can be sent to heat exchanger, in a heat exchanger, some enthalpys in superheated vapor can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, for using subsequently.In certain embodiments, this steam is cooled to the temperature higher than its corresponding condensing temperature in a heat exchanger and then turns back to receiver in a gaseous form, for after heat.Can be sent to the second heat exchanger by after hot steam, in the second heat exchanger, the enthalpy in superheated vapor can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, for using subsequently, or can be sent to steamturbine, for generating after hot steam.
Describe multiple heat exchanger in the present disclosure, should be understood that, single heat exchanger can be designed as and carries out operating or operating with counter current in different piece with different pressures or temperature in different piece, and therefore points out that the term of independent heat exchanger can be understood to mean single heat exchanger or performs difference in functionality at different time place or under different vapor pressure, perform identical function simultaneously or perform the heat exchanger of lesser amt of identical function or above combination in any simultaneously at different temperatures.
Enthalpy from liquid phase sensible heat storage medium can be transferred to water, to produce superheated vapor, this superheated vapor may be used for generating electricity in steamturbine.It can be continuous print or on request that the steam that the enthalpy stored from storage medium generates generates electricity, as long as and exist just can by day or any time generation in evening at the sufficient enthalpy being suitable for storing in a reservoir at the temperature of the steam generated for generating electricity.Generating does not depend on that the some time exists available sunshine.
In certain embodiments, method for generating electricity from sunshine can comprise, locate in the very first time: use heat water with the pressure of at least 100 bar, to generate the first vapor stream of the first temperature in described solar receiver the sunshine reflexed on the surface of solar receiver by multiple heliostat; Described first vapor stream is sent to the first heat exchanger, and in described first heat exchanger by enthalpy from described steam-transfer to sensible heat storage medium, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows to the second thermally insulated container from the first thermally insulated container by described first heat exchanger; Second vapor stream is sent to described receiver from the outlet of described first heat exchanger, and described steam is in gaseous form substantially at the second temperature; Use the sunshine of reflection by the temperature increase of described second vapor stream in said receiver to the 3rd temperature; And the steam at described 3rd temperature is sent to turbine, for generating; Wherein, described first vapor stream and the second vapor stream add up to and comprise substantially all steam overheated in described receiver; And locate in the second time: be used in the second heat exchanger to generate the 3rd vapor stream described second heat exchanger from the enthalpy of described sensible heat storage medium transfer, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows to described first thermally insulated container from described second thermally insulated container by described second heat exchanger; And described 3rd vapor stream is sent to described turbine, for generating.First temperature can be at least 550 degrees Celsius or at least 560 degrees Celsius.By degree Celsius in units of described 3rd temperature can be in described first temperature 2% within or within 5% or within 10%.The pressure of overheated first vapor stream of the ingress of described first heat exchanger can be at least 150 bar or at least 170 bar.Can be at the pressure of the second vapor stream of the ingress of described turbine the pressure of the first vapor stream of the ingress of described first heat exchanger 10% within or within 20%.
In certain embodiments, the energy absorbed from the sunshine of reflection in said receiver at least 50% or at least 55% or at least 60% can cause superheated vapor (as relative with generating steam).What enthalpy from described steam-transfer to described sensible heat storage medium can be equivalent to the energy absorbed from the sunshine of reflection in said receiver is less than 40% more than 25%.
In certain embodiments, described turbine has reheat vapor cycle and described method comprises extraly: in the very first time, place uses and carrys out from the enthalpy of described sensible heat medium transfer the steam that reheating extracts described reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger, and described sensible heat medium is caused and flows to described first thermally insulated container from the described second exhausted heat melting device by described heat exchanger.In other embodiments, described turbine has reheat vapor cycle and described method comprises extraly: in the very first time, place uses and carrys out from the enthalpy in fuel combustion, electric power, underground heat and in the sunshine through assembling one steam that reheating extracts in described reheat vapor cycle.
In certain embodiments, a kind of method for generating electricity from sunshine can comprise, locate in the very first time: use to impinge upon the day reflexed on the surface of solar receiver by multiple heliostat in described solar receiver and water is heated, to generate the first vapor stream at the first temperature with the pressure of at least 100 bar; Described first vapor stream is sent to the first heat exchanger, and in described first heat exchanger by enthalpy from described steam-transfer to sensible heat storage medium, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows to the second thermally insulated container from the first thermally insulated container by described first heat exchanger; The first portion of the second vapor stream is sent to described receiver from the outlet of described first heat exchanger, and the second portion of described second vapor stream is sent to the second heat exchanger, described steam is the gaseous form substantially at the second temperature; The second portion of the second vapor stream described in condensation in described second heat exchanger; Use reflection sunshine in said receiver by the temperature increase of the first portion of described second vapor stream to the 3rd temperature; And the steam at described 3rd temperature is sent to turbine, for generating; Wherein, the first portion of described first vapor stream and described second vapor stream comprises substantially all steam overheated in described receiver altogether; And locate in the second time: be used in the 3rd heat exchanger and described 3rd heat exchanger, generate the 3rd vapor stream from the enthalpy of described sensible heat storage medium transfer, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows to described first thermally insulated container from described second thermally insulated container by described 3rd heat exchanger; And described 3rd vapor stream is sent to described turbine, for generating.
In certain embodiments, (the second vapor stream) described first portion can be at least 50% or at least 60% of described second vapor stream.
In certain embodiments, a kind of system for generating electricity from sunshine can comprise: solar receiver, it comprises: wherein by generating tube panel at least one steam that water heats to generate saturated vapour the sunshine of reflecting, wherein by least one the overheated tube panel heating to generate the first flow of superheated steam under the first pressure being greater than 100 bar the sunshine of reflecting to saturated vapour, and wherein by shielding after heat pipe at least one substantially being heated to generate the second flow of superheated steam under the second pressure being greater than 100 bar by the steam of lowering the temperature the sunshine of reflecting; Multiple heliostat, it is positioned at around described receiver, to be reflexed to sunshine on the surface of described receiver; First steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receiver, makes described first steam means of transportation that described first flow of superheated steam is sent to thermal energy storage system; Second steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receiver, makes described second steam means of transportation substantially will be sent to described receiver by the steam of lowering the temperature from described thermal energy storage system; Described thermal energy storage system, comprising: liquid phase sensible heat medium, and it comprises at least one in fused salt or molten metal; Multiple thermally insulated container, it is for comprising the storage medium at corresponding multiple temperature; And first heat exchanger, it is communicated with each fluid in described second steam means of transportation with described first steam means of transportation, in described first heat exchanger, the temperature being sent to the storage medium stream of the second thermally insulated container from the first thermally insulated container described multiple thermally insulated container by it is promoted by the transfer from described superheated vapor to the enthalpy of described storage medium; And power generation system, comprising: the 3rd steam means of transportation, in described 3rd steam means of transportation, by the second flow of superheated steam from described at least one be sent to the entrance of steamturbine after heat pipe screen; Second heat exchanger, wherein, be used in described second heat exchanger, be sent to the storage medium fluid stream of described first thermally insulated container and the heat shifted generates the 3rd flow of superheated steam under the pressure being greater than 100 bar since described second thermally insulated container; 4th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described second heat exchanger, the 4th steam means of transportation is made the 3rd flow of superheated steam to be sent to the entrance of steamturbine from described second heat exchanger, and steamturbine, it is configured to just to generate the second flow of superheated steam often from the second flow of superheated steam generating, and when there is no generation the second flow of superheated steam at least every now and then from the 3rd flow of superheated steam generating.
In certain embodiments, this system can comprise extraly: the 3rd heat exchanger, itself and described first heat exchanger and at least one steam described generate tube panel at least indirect fluid communications, in described 3rd heat exchanger, described in condensation by the steam of lowering the temperature at least partially; And the 5th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receiver, makes described 5th steam means of transportation that the described part that is condensed by the steam of lowering the temperature is sent to described receiver from described thermal energy storage system.
In certain embodiments, this system can comprise extraly: the 4th heat exchanger, itself and at least one shield at least indirect communication after heat pipe, wherein, the temperature being sent to the storage medium stream of the second thermally insulated container by it from the first thermally insulated container described multiple thermally insulated container is promoted by the transfer from a part for described second flow of superheated steam to the enthalpy of described storage medium, and wherein this part was between 10% (containing) to 90% (containing).
The pressure of the first flow of superheated steam can be greater than 150 bar or be greater than 170 bar.The pressure of described second flow of superheated steam can be in the pressure of the first flow of superheated steam 10% within or within 20%.
The temperature of the storage medium in the first thermally insulated container was within 265 degrees Celsius (containing) to 285 degrees Celsius (containing) and the temperature of storage medium in the second thermally insulated container is at least 540 degrees Celsius or at least 550 degrees Celsius.
Thermal energy storage system can have with one day in 25% (containing) to 40% (containing) of remainder heat energy of being absorbed by described solar receiver suitable thermal energy storage capacity.
Thermal energy storage system can have and carries out suitable thermal energy storage capacity generating 3 hours (containing) to 4 hours (containing) with when working under steamturbine is with the steam condition of the 3rd flow of superheated steam its maximum capacity admissible by steamturbine.Alternatively, thermal energy storage system can have with when working under steamturbine is with the steam condition of the 3rd flow of superheated steam its maximum capacity admissible by steam turbine power production 7 hours (containing) to 8 hours (containing) or the thermal energy storage capacity suitable more than 8 hours.
When considering by reference to the accompanying drawings, the object of the embodiment of disclosed theme and advantage will become apparent from the following describes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Describe embodiment hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is not necessarily drawn in proportion.Under applicable circumstances, do not show that some feature is displaying and explanation in order to help lower floor's feature.In whole figure, same reference numeral represents to be wanted to pass through element.
Fig. 1 shows the solar electric power tower system of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 2 shows the solar electric power tower system comprising multiple tower of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 3 shows the solar electric power tower system comprising multiple receiver at single tower of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 4 shows solar electric power tower system according to one or more embodiment of disclosed theme and hot storage system.
Fig. 5 shows the first simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electric force generation device of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 6 shows the second simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electric force generation device of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 7 a shows the 3rd simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electric force generation device of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 7 b shows the replaceable 3rd simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electric force generation device of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 8 shows the 4th simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electric force generation device of one or more embodiment according to disclosed theme.
Fig. 9 show according to one or more embodiment of disclosed theme for from the simplification procedure chart hankering the first system generated electricity stored.
Figure 10 show according to one or more embodiment of disclosed theme for from the simplification procedure chart hankering the second system generated electricity stored.
Embodiment
Solar column system can use and produce solar steam and/or superheated vapor sunshine.In FIG, solar column system 10 can comprise solar column 50, and this solar column receives the daylight (not shown) of the line focus of reflecting from the solar energy field 60 of heliostat 70.Such as, the height of solar column 50 can be at least 50 meters, 100 meters, 200 meters or higher.Heliostat 70 can cause solar receiver system 20, the solar energy receiving surface of one or more receiver of such as system 20.Heliostat 70 can adjust their orientation thus follow the sun when the sun moves aloft, continues sun reflection to cause a little to one or more being associated with receiver system 20 thus.Solar receiver system 20 can be arranged in solar column 50 or be arranged on solar column 50, and this solar receiver system can comprise one or more independent receiver.These solar receivers can be configured to heat water and/or steam and/or supercritical steam.Alternately or additionally, target or receiver 20 can include but not limited to photovoltaic module, steam formation component (or for heat solid or fluid another assembly), for growing biomass (such as, for generation of biofuel) biological growth assembly, or be configured to other target any being converted to useful energy and/or merit the sunshine of line focus.
Solar receiver system 20 can be disposed in tower 50 top place or near, as shown in Figure 1.
More than one solar column 50 can be provided, there is a corresponding solar energy receiving system separately above, such as solar electric power vapour system.Different solar energy receiving systems can have different functional.Such as, one in these solar energy receiving systems can use the solar radiation of reflection heat water and produce steam, and another in these solar energy receiving systems can be used for use reflection solar radiation steam is carried out overheated.Multiple solar column 50 can share a common heliostat field 60, or has the corresponding heliostat field separated.Some heliostats can be constructed and arrange, is alternately guided in the solar energy receiving system in different towers sunshine.In addition, heliostat can be configured to such as will guide sunshine away from any tower in the process of toppling over situation.As shown in Figure 2, two solar columns can be provided, there is a corresponding solar energy receiving system separately.First tower 50a has the first solar energy receiving system 20a, and second tower 50b has the second solar energy receiving system 20b.Solar column 50a, 50b are arranged, to receive the solar radiation reflected from corresponding heliostat field 60a and 60b.At any given time, heliostat field 60a, a heliostat in 60b can be directed into a solar receiver of any one solar column 50a, 50b.Although illustrate only two solar columns with corresponding solar energy receiving system in Fig. 2, solar column and the solar energy receiving system of any number can be adopted.
More than one solar receiver can be provided on solar column.Multiple solar receivers of combination can form a part for solar energy receiving system 20.For the sake of clarity, term " solar receiver " or only " receiver " can be used to mean a part for solar energy receiving system 20 in this article or can be used to mean whole solar energy receiving system 20.Therefore, the multiple receivers on single tower can be called " receiver ".
No matter different solar receivers is that it can have different functionalities on single tower or on different tower.Such as, one in these solar receivers can use the solar radiation of reflection heat water and produce steam, and another in these solar receivers can be used for use reflection solar radiation steam is carried out overheated.Multiple solar receiver can be disposed in the different heights place on same tower, or diverse location (such as different faces, such as north, the west etc.) place on same tower.Some heliostats in field 60 can be constructed and arrange, is alternately guided in different solar receiver places sunshine.As shown in Figure 3, three solar receivers can be provided on single tower 50.Therefore solar energy receiving system 20 comprises the first solar receiver 21, second solar receiver 22 and the 3rd solar receiver 23.At any given time, the heliostat in field 60 can cause in these solar receivers one or two or all, or do not cause any one in these receivers.Use in situation at some, causing of heliostat in field 60 can be adjusted, the folded light beam being projeced into tower 50 place is moved to another solar receiver (such as, 22 or 23) from a solar receiver (such as, 21).Although illustrated only three solar receivers and single tower in Fig. 3, solar column and the solar receiver of any number can be adopted.In one example, first solar receiver 21 is solar steam generator, second solar receiver 22 is for being designed to the superheater carrying out under higher than the first pressure of 100 bar operating, and the 3rd solar receiver 23 is for being designed to the superheater carrying out under higher than the second pressure of 100 bar operating.First solar receiver 21 and the second solar receiver 22 can pass through steam knock-out drum (not shown in Fig. 3) and be connected.
Sunshine can predictably (such as, every diurnal variation) and unpredictably (such as, due to cloudy, dust, solar eclipse or other reasons) change.In addition, can due to change sunshine irrelevant reason (such as blast or regularly or nonperiodical repair) and hang up or cancel solar energy field and operate.
Solar energy field may be expected to be connected to the power generation system comprising steamturbine and generator, so that generate electricity from by the steam produced sunshine, as is known in the art.
" means of transportation " used herein can mean the conduit of pipeline or pipe or similar functions, no matter independent or several, and be no matter tandem arrangement and/or or be arranged in parallel; Here the feature that specific means of transportation is provided in the accompanying drawings is not made efforts, because consider designed and select the material of means of transportation and size to be well known in the art by the feature of the particular fluid transmitted (such as, not exhaustive: pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, specific heat capacity and corrosivity) according to standard engineering practice." transmission " used herein can be meaned via means of transportation by pumping or the flowing that is caused by gravity.Pump can be expressed as the arrow (direction of the arrow in the respective flow direction of the fluid that instruction is pumped) in circle in various figures.Those skilled in the art can specify the selection of particular pump and placement (comprise and whether dispose them) and their Characteristic and function according to standard engineering practice, and any this design is considered the illustrative deployment of the pump surpassed in accompanying drawing.The reservoir of any type that the element noted in the description of accompanying drawing can be applicable to for size, Material selec-tion and thermal insulation as storage tank or container, as those skilled in the art when being designed for the system of storage high-temperature liquid-phase sensible heat storage medium by selecting.
In some embodiments of disclosed theme, at least some in enthalpy in " owning " superheated vapor generated in receiver is transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, this storage medium can comprise nitrate, nitrite, to have had on 200 degrees Celsius containing villiaumite, metal such as sodium and related domain or nearly 500 degrees Celsius or nearly 600 degrees Celsius or nearly other material any of stable liquid phase of 700 degrees Celsius on 300 degrees Celsius.Those skilled in the art will know the storage medium selected to have thermal capacity, thermal conductivity and viscosity and combine together with the expectation of the operating temperature range of medium under liquid phase, in this storage medium production technology and economically the acceptable scheme for sensible heat storage.The mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate usually but in solar industry, be not deployed as storage medium exclusively, but this is only example, and because the new blend of fuse salt and metal is developed for thermal energy storage, they are with replacing existing mixture to be obvious for a person skilled in the art in the present embodiment.
When disclosed theme relates to the enthalpy from " owning " steam-transfer generated, should be understood that, term " owns " normal loss (loss such as owing to causing from steam to the heat transfer for its any means of transportation of qualified enthalpy that is that carry secretly in steam or steam self, system closedown or before starting, period or loss afterwards, to atmospheric air leakage steam do not note loss, or in the normal operation period steam or other less loss any of enthalpy of carrying secretly in steam).
Fig. 4 shows the solar energy system 10 according to one or more embodiment, this solar energy system 10 is included in the receiver system 20 on the top of tower 50, wherein, use to reflex to from the solar energy field 60 of heliostat 70 and sunshine the outer surface of receiver 20 water heated and evaporate.Means of transportation 75a is configured to the superheated vapor generated in receiver 20 to be sent to heat exchanger array 77, the liquid phase sensible heat storage medium at the first temperature is stored reservoir 91a from first and is sent to heat exchanger array 77 via means of transportation 76a.Heat exchanger array 77 can be configured to guarantee enthalpy to transfer to storage medium from superheated vapor, improves storage medium to the second temperature, and is water by steam-condensation.Water turns back to tower 50 and receiver 20 from heat exchanger array 77 via means of transportation 75b, and the storage medium at the second temperature is sent to storage reservoir 91b via means of transportation 76b.Whenever the storage medium stored at the second temperature in reservoir 91b can be used in, such as, produce superheated vapor to generate electricity in steamturbine, as is known in the art.
In heat exchanger or a succession of heat exchanger, enthalpy causes the temperature of storage medium to rise from superheated vapor to the transfer of sensible heat storage medium.Such as, the superheated vapor under the first temperature T1 can be cooled to the second temperature T2 in a heat exchanger, and this second temperature T2 is just over condensing temperature (condensing temperature uses convertibly with " saturation temperature " here).This is the transfer of sensible heat from steam to storage medium, and will the correspondence of the temperature of storage medium be caused to rise.T2 can be less than 1 degree Celsius on saturation temperature, is less than 5 degrees Celsius, is less than on 10 degrees Celsius or saturation temperature on saturation temperature and is less than 20 degrees Celsius on saturation temperature.In another example, steam can decline with the very little temperature of steam in a heat exchanger and condense to the 3rd temperature T3 from temperature T2, as most this hot transfer can introduce the latent heat of phase transformation and the minimum rising causing the temperature of sensible heat storage medium.In the 3rd example, in a heat exchanger condensing steam (water) can be cooled to the 4th temperature T4 from the 3rd temperature T3 (a little less than " folder point " temperature, it is the term of the related domain of the temperature that most of phase transformation occurs at a given pressure).Storage medium is risen to the temperature of the folder point closer to steam by this heat transfer from its typical case's " chilling temperature ".It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that heat exchange these different examples can according to the technology of system and economic parameters in single heat exchanger or a succession of heat exchanger separately or recur.In one example, T1 is in 560 degrees Celsius (containing) in the scope of 580 degrees Celsius (containing), T2 is in 340 degrees Celsius (containing) in the scope of 355 degrees Celsius (containing) for the steam under the illustrative pressure of 145 bar, or be in 350 degrees Celsius (containing) in the scope of 370 degrees Celsius (containing) for the steam under the illustrative pressure of 175 bar, T3 is in 330 degrees Celsius (containing) in the scope of 340 degrees Celsius (containing), and T4 is in 270 degrees Celsius (containing) in the scope of 280 degrees Celsius (containing).In another example, T1 is in 570 degrees Celsius (containing) in the scope of 580 degrees Celsius (containing) for the steam under the illustrative pressure of 180 bar.
In certain embodiments, steam uses evaporate sunshine in solar receiver, in the first superheater of solar receiver, use sunshine overheated, in the heat exchanger be communicated with the storage vessel fluid of thermal energy storage system, superheated vapor is lowered the temperature, in the second superheater of solar receiver, use sunshine again overheated, and be finally sent to power zone or electric power island, in power zone or electric power island, steam is inflated and partly cools and is cooled further and condensation at cooling system in steamturbine.
Referring now to Fig. 5, system can be configured to, and makes the steam from solar receiver 20 cause heat exchanger sections 30, with by enthalpy from steam-transfer to storage medium.The pressure of this steam can more than 100 bar, or more than 125 bar, or more than 150 bar, or more than 175 bar.In one example, storage medium (not shown) is stored in two storage tanks 95 of " cold " and " heat " temperature respectively, in 96.Storage medium is transmitted by the means of transportation represented in all of the figs by the line (and exemplarily, the direction with arrow) of dotted line band arrow.Use storage medium pump 82 that storage medium is sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a from cold storage tank 95, in the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated vapor is cooled within 20 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius of its saturation temperature, or be less than within 1 degree Celsius, and the temperature of storage medium correspondence rises to the temperature approximately selected in order to the storage in hot storage tank 96.Hot storage tank 96 is sent to from high-temperature heat exchanger 31a by the storage medium heated.
In solar receiver system 20, by the means of transportation transmission of water and steam (not shown) by being represented by solid line band arrow line (and exemplarily with the direction of arrow).Use feed water pump 87 via feed water preheater 66 condensed water (namely from the water of condensing steam) is sent to drum 27 (or with replaceable configuration (not shown) directly to drum 27 is connected with vaporizer receiver part 26 with in 25 means of transportation marked).In means of transportation 25, use recirculating pump 81 that water is sent to vaporizer receiver part 26 from drum 27.Water enters vaporizer receiver part 26 (it also can be called that steam generator or steam generate receiver), and the heat absorbed in sunshine due to the reflection through assembling on the outer surface of evaporator section 26 and evaporating.Vaporizer receiver part 26 can be designed as such as tubulose boiler.The steam being entrained with some residuary waters or the steam of not carrying residuary waters secretly are sent to drum 27, in drum 27, use the one in steam stripping technique known in the field of industrial boiler design to carry out separating residual water.Then, saturated vapour is sent to the first superheater 28a from drum 27, this first superheater 28a can be designed as such as tubulose radiant superheater.
In certain embodiments, all steam exiting the first superheater 28a are sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, in high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, steam heating storage medium described above.In some other embodiments, the minority part of steam is sent to steam driven pump (not shown) from superheater 28a, in steam driven pump, the energy in steam can be utilized to perform mechanical work, such as, use steam driven pump to carry out pumping steam.
Enthalpy is from steam to the transfer indfficiency of sensible heat storage medium around the efficiency the temperature range of the phase transformation from steam to water, and so the high temperature of hot storage medium may be high not as expecting.In certain embodiments, extra sensible heat was increased to superheated vapor to increase by the ratio in whole heat transfer between sensible heat and latent heat before reaching its condensing temperature at superheated vapor, and this allows more effectively overall or average heat transfer and hot storage medium higher temperature.This is extra overheatedly can occur in the receiver distributed by least some superheater tube wherein for this reason.Part for the reflection sunshine (with regard to interior energy) of superheated vapor (relative with heating water or generating steam) can be greater than and all reflects 55% of sunshine or be greater than 60%.
As mentioned above, superheated vapor is sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a from the first superheater 28a of receiver 20, in high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated vapor is cooled to the temperature being less than 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius on saturation temperature at its relevant temperature place.The steam exiting the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a is sent to the second superheater 28b of receiver 20, in the second superheater 28b, by this steam superheating to the identical temperature of the temperature substantially in the first superheater 28a, this steam has been superheated to, or within 2% or 5% or 10% of the temperature be superheated in the first superheater 28a before.Be sent to high-pressure turbine 61 by superheated vapor from the second superheater 28b, wherein, before steam exits high-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical work.This steam is sent to middle pressure turbine 62 (also referred to as low-pressure turbine), wherein, before steam exits low-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical work.As known in the art, arrange one or more turbine (such as, high-pressure turbine 61 and low-pressure turbine 62) be common, to be delivered in rotary moving the bar it also being arranged generator (not shown), and the enthalpy therefore in steam is indirectly for generating.Demi-inflation with part cooling steam exit low-pressure turbine 62, and be sent to the cooling unit 63 shown in Fig. 5 as air-cooled condenser array, the dry calibration of this cooling unit 63 and other form, wet type cool and mix wet/dry and cool functionally commutative as known in the art.Use pump 86 that water is sent to low-pressure feed heater 64 from cooling unit 63, and be sent to deaerator 65 from low-pressure feed heater 64.Use pump 87 that water is sent to high-pressure feed-water heater 66 from deaerator 65.The water exiting high-pressure feed-water heater 66 is sent to drum 27 (or directly entering into the means of transportation of the mark 25 be connected with vaporizer receiver part 26 by drum 27, with reference to above).
The heat caused in hot storage system 30 stores and causes the generating at other place in system by the operation of the system between sunshine period shown in Fig. 5.In one example, the energy absorbed at whole day operation period solar receiver 30% cause storage system, and 70% causes generating.In another example, cause storage system in 25% (containing) of the energy of whole day operation period solar receiver absorption to 40% (containing), and 60% (containing) caused generating to 75% (containing).In one example, the energy causing storage system in whole day operation period under the maximum generating watt by the turbine under the enable steam condition (temperature and pressure) of the heat exchanger of energy-storage system to operate between 3.5 hours (containing) and 4 hours (containing) be enough.
Sometimes, generating may be expected and in hot storage system, do not store any heat simultaneously, such as, if there is inadequate sunshine, if or storage system is charged (namely all available hot storage mediums are heated and are stored in " heat " storage tank) completely, if or any associated system component just experience maintenance.In this case, storage system can be avoided.Still with reference to Fig. 5, steam can be sent to the second superheater 28b from the first superheater 28a via bypass means of transportation 29, depend on temperature when steam exits the first superheater 28a and or by heating steam extraly at sunshine, and this steam can cannot be sent to high-pressure turbine 61 from the second superheater 28b.
The enthalpy shifted in the sensible heat storage medium stored from hot storage system can be used to reheat the steam extracted in reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger.Fig. 6 shows the alternative embodiment using reheat vapor cycle, in figure 6, by exit high-pressure turbine 61, the steam be under middle pressure and low temperature is sent to reheater 44, in reheater 44, the temperature of steam is risen to the identical temperature of the temperature that exits the second superheater 28b with superheated vapor or higher temperature.The reheated steam of middle pressure is sent under the steam uniform pressure of pressing turbine 62 in entering approximately and the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 from reheater 44 and presses turbine 62.In other embodiment's (not shown), can use from fuel combustion, electric power, underground heat and through assemble sunshine in one in enthalpy to complete reheating.
A technician of related domain will understand, about a kind of possible configuration of the assembly in the system that the description in the disclosure that power zone is arranged only represents for generating electricity from steam, and can select to meet the technology of a set of expectation and any configuration of economic sucess standard to be used in contemplated embodiments.
In certain embodiments, steam uses evaporate sunshine in solar receiver, in the first superheater of solar receiver, use sunshine overheated, in the first heat exchanger be communicated with the storage vessel fluid of thermal energy storage system, superheated vapor is lowered the temperature, and be divided into two-part when exiting the first heat exchanger or afterwards.First portion uses sunshine after heat in the second superheater of solar receiver, and is finally sent to power zone or electric power island, and there, steam is inflated and partly cools and is cooled further and condensation at cooling system in steamturbine.Second portion cools in the second heat exchanger be communicated with the storage tank fluid of thermal energy storage system, and is finally sent to solar receiver as water.
Referring now to Fig. 7 a, system can be configured to, and makes the steam from solar receiver 20 cause heat exchanger sections 30, with by enthalpy from steam-transfer to storage medium.The pressure of this steam can such as more than 100 bar, or more than 125 bar, or more than 150 bar, or more than 175 bar.In one example, storage medium (not shown) is stored in two storage tanks 95 of " cold " and " heat " temperature respectively, in 96.Use storage medium pump 82 by storage medium from cold holding tank 95 by the line by dotted line band arrow (and exemplarily, direction at arrow) means of transportation that represents in all of the figs is sent to heat exchanger 31b, there, the superheated vapor being on its saturation temperature within 20 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or be less than 1 degree Celsius is condensed into water, and is crossed similar 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius that is as cold as under its saturation temperature.Storage medium is sent to high-temperature heat exchanger 31a further from heat exchanger 31b, in high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated vapor is cooled to 20 degrees Celsius of its saturation temperature or 10 degrees Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or is less than within 1 degree Celsius, and the temperature of storage medium is risen to the temperature approximately selected in order to the storage in hot storage tank 96 accordingly.The storage medium of heating is sent to hot storage tank 96 from high-temperature heat exchanger 31a.
In solar receiver system 20, by evaporate under pressure in vaporizer 26 and in drum 27 with residual moisture from steam be sent to the first superheater 28a from drum 27, this first superheater 28a is preferably designed for tubulose radiant superheater.The steam exiting the first superheater 28a can be sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, in this first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, and steam heating storage medium as described above.As mentioned above, superheated vapor is sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a from the first superheater 28a of receiver 20, in this first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated vapor is cooled to the temperature being less than 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius on saturation temperature at its relevant temperature place.The steam exiting or exited the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a is divided into two parts of steam or two parts.First portion is sent to the second superheater 28b of solar receiver 20, in the second superheater 28b, by this steam superheating to the identical temperature of the temperature substantially in the first superheater 28a, this steam has been superheated to, or within 2% or 5% or 10% of the temperature be superheated in the first superheater 28a before.Be sent to high-pressure turbine 61 by superheated vapor from the second superheater 28b, there, before steam exits high-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical work.This steam is sent to middle pressure turbine 62 (also referred to as low-pressure turbine), there, before steam exits low-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical work.As known in the art, commonly: arrange one or more turbine (such as, high-pressure turbine 61 and low-pressure turbine 62), to be delivered in rotary moving the bar it also being arranged generator (not shown), and the enthalpy therefore in steam is indirectly for generating.Demi-inflation with part cooling steam exit low-pressure turbine 62, and be sent to the cooling unit 63 shown in Fig. 7 a as air-cooled condenser array, the dry calibration of this cooling unit 63 and other form, wet type cool and mix wet/dry and cool functionally commutative as known in the art.Use pump 86 that water is sent to low-pressure feed heater 64 from cooling unit 63, and be sent to deaerator 65 from low-pressure feed heater 64.Use pump 87 that water is sent to high-pressure feed-water heater 66 from deaerator 65.The water exiting high-pressure feed-water heater 66 is sent to drum 27 (or directly entering into the means of transportation of the mark 25 be connected with vaporizer receiver part 26 by drum 27 with interchangeable configuration, with reference to above).
The second portion of the steam of lowering the temperature in the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a is sent to the second heat exchanger 31b, in the second heat exchanger 31b, this steam is condensed and crosses 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius that is as cold as under its saturation point.This water is sent to drum 27 (or directly entering into the means of transportation of the mark 25 be connected with vaporizer receiver part 26 by drum 27 with interchangeable configuration, with reference to above).
In one example, 37% of the steam of lowering the temperature in the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a is sent to the second superheater 28b, and remains (namely 63%) and be sent to the second heat exchanger 31b.In another example, the steam between 30% (containing) and 45% (containing) is sent to the second superheater 28b, and residue is sent to the second heat exchanger 31b.
Between sunshine period, the heat caused in hot storage system 30 stores and causes generating by the operation of the system shown in Fig. 7 a.In one example, the energy absorbed at whole day operation period solar receiver 30% cause storage system, and 70% causes generating.In another example, cause storage system in 25% (containing) of the energy of whole day operation period solar receiver absorption to 40% (containing), and 60% (containing) caused generating to 75% (containing).In one example, the energy causing storage system in whole day operation period under the maximum generating watt by the turbine under the enable steam condition (temperature and pressure) of the heat exchanger of energy-storage system to operate between 3.5 hours (containing) and 4 hours (containing) be enough.
Sometimes, generating may be expected and in hot storage system, do not store any heat, such as, if there is inadequate sunshine, if or storage system is charged (namely all hot storage mediums are heated and are stored in " heat " storage tank) completely, if or any associated system component just experience maintenance.In this case, storage system can be avoided.Still with reference to Fig. 7 a, steam can be sent to the second superheater 28b from the first superheater 28a via bypass means of transportation 29, there, depend on temperature when steam exits the first superheater 28a and or by heating steam extraly at sunshine, and this steam can cannot be sent to high-pressure turbine 61 from the second superheater 28b.
Referring now to Fig. 7 b, show alternative embodiment, this embodiment can contribute to expanding the amount from the enthalpy at the sunshine stored in thermal energy storage system or part.Here, the steam exiting the second superheater 28b punishes into two parts of steam at bonding point 88.A steam is sent to high-pressure turbine 61, there, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly converted to mechanical work, and the second steam is sent to extra heat exchanger 31c, there, enthalpy is transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium (not shown), and this liquid phase sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows to hot storage tank 96 from cold storage tank 95 by this heat exchanger 31c.Heat exchanger 31c can be designed as and makes steam cooling and also cooling steam and cross the water produced cold for lower than 1 under its saturation point degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius.This water is sent to drum 27 (or directly entering into the means of transportation of the mark 25 be connected with vaporizer receiver part 26 by drum 27 with interchangeable configuration, with reference to above).
Alternatively or extraly, the steam that the enthalpy that shifts in the sensible heat storage medium stored from hot storage system extracts in reheating reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger can be used.Fig. 8 shows the embodiment utilizing reheat vapor cycle, wherein, exit high-pressure turbine 61, be sent to reheater 44 at the steam at middle pressure and low temperature place, in reheater 44, the temperature of steam is thus lifted to the identical temperature of the temperature that approximately exits the second superheater 28b with superheated vapor or is in higher temperature.The reheated steam of middle pressure is sent to press turbine 62 with entering under the approximately uniform pressure of pressure of the steam of middle pressure turbine 62 embodiment shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b from reheater 44.In some embodiment's (not shown), can use from fuel combustion, electric power, underground heat and through assemble sunshine in one in enthalpy to complete reheating.Turbine has in some embodiments of reheat vapor cycle wherein, can there is the additional charge of the thermal energy storage from the vapor stream be separated with the superheated vapor exiting the second superheater 28b, as shown in Figure 7b.
In certain embodiments, the steam generated in the enthalpy stored in stored in liquid phase medium generates electricity in steamturbine, wherein, liquid phase steam can comprise nitrate, nitrite, fluoride, metal such as sodium and to have on 200 degrees Celsius or on 300 degrees Celsius and lower than other material known in the art any of 500 degrees Celsius or stable liquid phase lower than 600 degrees Celsius or 700 degrees Celsius.As known in the art, should select to have the storage medium that thermal capacity, thermal conductivity and viscosity combine together with the expectation of the operating temperature range of medium under liquid phase, in this storage medium production technology and economically the acceptable scheme stored for sensible heat.The mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate usually but in solar industry, be not deployed as storage medium exclusively, but this is only example, and because the new blend of material is developed for thermal energy storage, they are with replacing known mixture to be obvious for a person skilled in the art in the present embodiment.
Referring now to Fig. 9, by the means of transportation that represented by dotted arrow line (and illustratively, the direction at arrow) to transmit storage medium (not shown).Use salt pump 84 that storage medium is sent to multiple heat exchanger from hot tank 96, in multiple heat exchanger, enthalpy transfers to water (and subsequently to steam) from storage medium.Storage medium is sent to superheater 41 (heat exchanger, wherein, enthalpy transfers to steam from storage medium under the pressure of high pressure such as more than 100 bar so that steam is carried out overheated).Storage medium exits superheater 41 with the temperature of 20 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius on the corresponding saturation temperature being less than the steam under the high pressure more than 100 bar or 5 degrees Celsius, and be sent to vaporizer 42 (heat exchanger, such as kettle boiler, wherein, enthalpy transfers to water from storage medium, so that evaporate water).Storage medium exits vaporizer 42 with the temperature of the corresponding saturation temperature lower than the steam under the high pressure more than 100 bar, and be sent to preheater 43 (heat exchanger, wherein, enthalpy transfers to water from storage medium under the high pressure more than 100 bar, so that water to be heated to the temperature of the corresponding evaporating point near water).Storage medium exits preheater 43 and is sent to cold tank 95.
Still with reference to Fig. 9, the water (not shown) under the pressure of 100 bar is greater than by the means of transportation transmission represented by solid arrow line (and illustratively, the direction at arrow).Water is sent to preheater 43 from high-pressure feed-water heater 66, and be heated in preheater 43 be less than water corresponding evaporating point 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius or 50 degrees Celsius within.Water is sent to vaporizer 42 from preheater 43 and is heated vaporizer 42, makes at least most of water flash to steam.Use recirculating pump 85 that residuary waters is transmitted back to preheater 43.Steam is sent to superheater 41 from vaporizer 42 and is heated to expectation higher temperature superheater 41.Superheated vapor is sent to high-pressure turbine 61 from superheater 41, and in high-pressure turbine 61, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam was partly converted to mechanical work before steam exits high-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure.Exit pressure to be generally and to be less than 50 bar or to be less than 40 bar or to be less than the so-called middle pressure of 30 bar.The steam of middle pressure is sent to middle pressure turbine 62 from high-pressure turbine, and in middle pressure turbine 62, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam was partly converted to mechanical work before steam exits turbine 62 with lower temperature and pressure.As known in the art, arrange one or more turbine (such as, high-pressure turbine 61 and low-pressure turbine 62) be common, to be delivered in rotary moving the bar it also being arranged generator (not shown), and enthalpy therefore in steam is by indirectly for generating.Demi-inflation with part cooling steam exit low-pressure turbine 62, and be sent to the cooling unit 63 being shown as air-cooled condenser array here, the dry calibration of this cooling unit 63 and other form, wet type cool and mix that wet/dry cools functionally commutative, as known in the art.Use pump 86 that water is sent to low-pressure feed heater 64 from cooling unit 63, and be sent to deaerator 65 from low-pressure feed heater 64.Use pump 87 that water is sent to high-pressure feed-water heater 66 from deaerator 65.The water exiting high-pressure feed-water heater 66 enters preheater 43.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, aforementioned description only represents a kind of possible configuration of the assembly in the system for using the enthalpy in sensible heat storage medium to generate electricity, and can select to meet the technology of a set of expectation and any configuration of economic sucess standard, with in the present invention.
Referring now to Figure 10, show the alternative embodiment comprising reheat vapor cycle.Storage medium stream at its maximum temperature place is divided into two parts of steam at bonding point 47 place.First steam of storage medium is sent to superheater 41 and the second steam of storage medium is sent to reheater 45 (heat exchanger, there, enthalpy is transferred to steam from storage medium under namely middle pressure is less than the pressure of 50 bar, so that reheated steam).Second steam of storage medium exits reheater 45 and is sent to cold tank 95.As shown in Figure 9, the first steam of storage medium exits superheater 41 and is sent to vaporizer 42, and is sent to preheater 43 from vaporizer 42, and is sent to cold tank 95 from preheater 43.Reheater 45 can for the equipment with the identical type shown in the reheater 44 in Fig. 6 with Fig. 8, but may not.
In certain embodiments, (such as, according to any embodiment's described with reference to the respective description in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b or Fig. 8) occur in the very first time such as when sufficient sunshine is available from the generating at sunshine, and (such as, according to any embodiment's described with reference to the respective description in Fig. 9 or Figure 10) occurred in for the second time such as when being not useable for generating sufficient sunshine from the generating of thermal energy storage system.
Extraly or alternatively, for any one in the system and method described herein that generates electricity from sunshine (such as, according to reference to those of the embodiment that describes are described in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b or Fig. 8) can combine with any one (such as, according to those of the embodiment described are described in reference Fig. 9 or Figure 10) in the system and method described herein for generate electricity from thermal energy storage system.Such as, in the single time, can (1) generate and superheated vapor in solar receiver, enthalpy is stored alternatively in thermal energy storage system, and generate electricity from the steam of solar heating, and (2) generate electricity from the steam using the enthalpy stored thermal energy storage system to produce simultaneously.As an example, when the steam deficiency from sunshine is enough in the full generated energy of turbine, this operator scheme may be expected.As another example, one or more steam Heat of Formation exchanger of possible desired operation storage system, comprise and generating electricity, so that contribute to the hitless operation of turbine from during cloud covering event or wind event or some other expection Action Events or the steam generated in advance and so.As another example, the cloudy period of the cloudy or part during may being desirably in daytime uses the enthalpy uninterruptable power generation from heat energy system, and no matter when sunshine can use all intervals to increase the electric power generated from sunshine.As another example, the cloudy period of the cloudy or part during may being desirably in daytime uses the enthalpy uninterruptable power generation from heat energy system, and no matter when sunshine can increase enthalpy with all using the enthalpy absorbed from sunshine to carry out interval to thermal energy storage system.
In one or more embodiment, hot storage system can comprise control system, and this control system is as the assembly (namely as a part for whole system controller) shared with solar energy acquisition system (comprising solar energy field 60 and the solar receiver system 20 of heliostat 70) and power generation system (such as shown in Fig. 9 or Figure 10) or as the separate modular (namely independent of other control module but may be mutual with other control module) specific to hot storage system.Control system can be configured to: based on from operator or from instruction set or determine that at least one operating parameter the instruction of optimal operation mode carrys out select operating mode or realizes operator scheme, this at least one operating parameter can include but not limited to storage tank 95, the level of the storage medium in 96 or for the different price of electric power or weather conditions.
Control system can be configured to: to regulate in different vessels and between the stream of storage medium.Such as, the allocation of parameters that control system can regulate the sequential of the speed of the MEDIA FLOW between container, stream, manage the relative populations of the medium in container, or to any other side that the distribution of intrasystem storage medium manages.Management flow parameter can be carried out according to the heat transfer parameter of the flow path between reservoir.Such as, flow parameter can at least partly based on heat exchanger heat transfer parameter, flow through the solar energy fluid of heat exchanger temperature, flow through the water of one or more heat exchanger or the flow velocity of steam or affect any other side or the condition of the heat transfer between hot storage system and water/steam.
Control system can be configured to the other side controlling whole system, comprises one or more parameter of such as water or steam.Such as, control system can be configured at least partly and heat exchanger thermal communication lower and economize on water or the temperature of steam and/or flow velocity.And, control system can regulate the stream of water by one or more heat exchanger or steam, such as, to ensure that steam does not have total condensation and/or ensures steam total condensation after enthalpy and liquid phase fluid exchange after enthalpy and storage medium exchange between charge period.Control system can comprise any combination of machinery for realize target or electric power assembly, include but not limited to motor, pump, valve, analog circut, digital circuit, software (that is, storing at loss tendency or non-volatile computer memory or in storing), one or more wired or radio computer network or complete target any other must the combination of assembly or assembly.
Although explain each embodiment of hot storage system according to the quantity of the wherein container particular case that is 2, note, also can expect embodiment to use to be less than 2 or be greater than 2 containers according to one or more.
Can within the scope of the invention by disclosed embodiment Feature Combination, rearrange, omission etc. to be to produce additional embodiment.In addition, sometimes some feature can advantageously be used when the corresponding use not having further feature.
Therefore it is evident that according to present disclose provides for operating solar energy system, method and apparatus.The disclosure makes it possible to realize many replacements, amendment and change.Although illustrate and described specific embodiment in detail to illustrate the application of principle of the present invention, will be appreciated that when depart from this type of principle can embody the present invention in addition.Therefore, claimant's intention contains these type of replacements all within the spirit and scope of the present invention, amendment, equivalent, combination and change.
Claims (9)
1. the system for generating electricity from sunshine, comprising:
A. solar receiver, comprise: at least one steam wherein heating to generate saturated vapour by the sunshine of reflecting to water generates tube panel, wherein by heating at least one overheated tube panel to generate the first flow of superheated steam under the first pressure being greater than 100 bar to saturated vapour the sunshine of reflecting, and wherein by the sunshine of reflecting to substantially being shielded after heat pipe by least one heating to generate the second flow of superheated steam under the second pressure being greater than 100 bar of the steam of lowering the temperature;
B. many heliostats, it is positioned at around described receiver, to be reflexed to sunshine on the surface of described receiver;
C. the first steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receiver, makes described first steam means of transportation that described first flow of superheated steam is sent to thermal energy storage system;
D. the second steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receiver, makes described second steam means of transportation substantially will be sent to described receiver by the steam of lowering the temperature from described thermal energy storage system;
E. described thermal energy storage system, comprising:
I. liquid phase sensible heat medium, it comprises at least one in fused salt or molten metal;
Ii. many thermally insulated containers, it is for comprising the storage medium at corresponding multiple temperature; And
Iii. the first heat exchanger, it is communicated with each fluid in described second steam means of transportation with described first steam means of transportation, in described first heat exchanger, the temperature being sent to the storage medium stream of the second thermally insulated container from the first thermally insulated container described multiple thermally insulated container by described first heat exchanger is promoted by the transfer from described superheated vapor to the enthalpy of described storage medium; And
F. power generating equipment, comprising:
I. the 3rd steam means of transportation, in described 3rd steam means of transportation, by the second flow of superheated steam from described at least one be sent to the entrance of steamturbine after heat pipe screen;
Ii. the second heat exchanger, in described second heat exchanger, be used in described second heat exchanger, be sent to the storage medium fluid stream of described first thermally insulated container and the heat shifted generates the 3rd flow of superheated steam under the pressure being greater than 100 bar since described second thermally insulated container;
Iii. the 4th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described second heat exchanger, makes the 4th steam means of transportation the 3rd flow of superheated steam is sent to the entrance of steamturbine from described second heat exchanger; And
Iv. steamturbine, it is configured to just to generate the second flow of superheated steam often from the second flow of superheated steam generating, and when there is no generation the second flow of superheated steam at least every now and then from the 3rd flow of superheated steam generating.
2. system according to claim 1, comprises extraly:
A. the 3rd heat exchanger, itself and described first heat exchanger and at least one steam described generate tube panel at least indirect fluid communications, in described 3rd heat exchanger, described in condensation by the steam of lowering the temperature at least partially; And
B. the 5th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receiver, makes described 5th steam means of transportation that the part of described condensation is sent to described receiver from described thermal energy storage system.
3. system according to claim 1, wherein, the pressure of the first flow of superheated steam is greater than 150 bar or is greater than 170 bar.
4. system according to claim 1, wherein, the pressure of described second flow of superheated steam be in the pressure of the first flow of superheated steam 10% within or within 20%.
5. system according to claim 1, wherein, the temperature of the storage medium in the first thermally insulated container is within 265 degrees Celsius to 285 degrees Celsius and the temperature of storage medium in the second thermally insulated container is at least 540 degrees Celsius or at least 550 degrees Celsius.
6. system according to claim 1, wherein, described thermal energy storage system have with one day in 25% to 40% of the remainder heat energy suitable thermal energy storage capacity that absorbed by described solar receiver, wherein, described 25% to 40% comprises 25% and 40% these two endpoint values.
7. system according to claim 1, wherein, described thermal energy storage system have with when working under steamturbine is with the steam condition of the 3rd flow of superheated steam its maximum capacity admissible by the thermal energy storage capacity that described steam turbine power production 3 hours to 4 hours is suitable, within wherein said 3 hours to 4 hours, comprise 3 hours and 4 hours these two endpoint values.
8. system according to claim 2, wherein, comprise the 4th heat exchanger extraly, itself and at least one shield at least indirect communication after heat pipe, wherein, the temperature being sent to the storage medium stream of the second thermally insulated container from the first thermally insulated container described multiple thermally insulated container by the 4th heat exchanger is promoted by the transfer from a part for described second flow of superheated steam to the enthalpy of described storage medium, wherein this part is between 10% to 90%, and wherein said 10% to 90% comprises 10% and 90% these two endpoint values.
9. system according to claim 2, wherein, described thermal energy storage system has and at least 7 hours suitable thermal energy storage capacity that generate electricity when working under steamturbine is with the steam condition of the 3rd flow of superheated steam its maximum capacity admissible.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US201462054258P | 2014-09-23 | 2014-09-23 | |
| US62/054,258 | 2014-09-23 |
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| CN204716475U true CN204716475U (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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| CN201420859797.6U Expired - Fee Related CN204716475U (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-30 | For the system generated electricity from sunshine |
| CN201410843567.5A Pending CN105804957A (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-30 | System and method for power generation from sunlight by using steam generation receiver and heat energy storage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105804957A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-07-27 | 亮源工业（以色列）有限公司 | System and method for power generation from sunlight by using steam generation receiver and heat energy storage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8544272B2 (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2013-10-01 | Brightsource Industries (Israel) Ltd. | Solar receiver |
| US8627664B2 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2014-01-14 | Brightsource Industries (Israel), Ltd. | Method and system for operating a solar steam system |
| US20130285380A1 (en) * | 2011-01-03 | 2013-10-31 | Brightsource Industries (Israel) Ltd. | Thermal storage system and methods |
| US9541071B2 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2017-01-10 | Brightsource Industries (Israel) Ltd. | Concentrated solar power plant with independent superheater |
| CN204716475U (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-10-21 | 亮源工业（以色列）有限公司 | For the system generated electricity from sunshine |
-
2014
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| CN105804957A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-07-27 | 亮源工业（以色列）有限公司 | System and method for power generation from sunlight by using steam generation receiver and heat energy storage |
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