CN105804957A

CN105804957A - System and method for power generation from sunlight by using steam generation receiver and heat energy storage

Info

Publication number: CN105804957A
Application number: CN201410843567.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伊泰·哈达德; 约纳·马根; 阿龙·加纳尼
Original assignee: BrightSource Industries Israel Ltd
Current assignee: BrightSource Industries Israel Ltd
Priority date: 2014-09-23
Filing date: 2014-12-30
Publication date: 2016-07-27
Also published as: CN204716475U

Abstract

Sunlight can be introduced to a receiver so as to heat water and generate superheated steam. The superheated steam generated in the receiver can be transferred to a heat exchanger in which a number of enthalpy in the steam can be transferred to a liquid-phase sensible heat storage medium that can be stored in different heat insulation containers at different temperatures. The temperature of the steam can be reduced to be higher than the condensing temperature thereof in the heat exchanger, and then the steam is returned to the receiver in a gas state so as to be resuperheated. The resuperheated steam can be transferred to a second heat exchanger in which enthalpy in the superheated steam can be transferred to the liquid-phase sensible heat storage medium for later use, or the resuperheated steam can be transferred to a steam turbine for power generation.

Description

Use the system and method that steam generation receptor and thermal energy storage generate electricity from sunshine

The cross reference of related application

This application claims in the U.S. Provisional Application No.62/054 of JIUYUE in 2014 submission on the 23rd, the rights and interests of 258, in being wholly incorporated into this document by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to use Sun Day according to producing energy, and more particularly, to using hot memory to store solar energy, and be directed to use with steam and generate solar receiver and thermal energy storage system to generate electricity from sunshine.

Summary of the invention

May be used for sunshine in the receiver water and steam being heated, hanker generating for storage heat and (such as via steamturbine) from what store.Enthalpy in superheated steam can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, to use subsequently.Storage medium can store in different thermally insulated container at different temperatures, such as, one container can at the colder temperature of the freezing point closer to storage medium storage medium, and another container can closer to liquid phase material air or any other select stability in gas the upper limit hotter temperature under storage medium.Term " container " can be used to indicate that any reservoir being suitable for storage medium, and this reservoir can be natural storage device such as cave or can be that the reservoir manufactured such as stores filling tank.

The superheated steam generated in receptor can being sent to heat exchanger, in a heat exchanger, some enthalpys in superheated steam can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, for using subsequently.In certain embodiments, this steam is cooled in a heat exchanger higher than the temperature of its corresponding condensation temperature and then returns to receptor in a gaseous form, for after heat.Can being sent to the second heat exchanger after vapours, in the second heat exchanger, the enthalpy in superheated steam can be transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, for using subsequently, or can be sent to steamturbine after vapours, for generating.

Describe multiple heat exchanger in the present disclosure, should be understood that, single heat exchanger can be designed as and is operated in different piece with different pressures or temperature or is operated with counter current in different piece, and thus indicate that individually the term of heat exchanger can be understood to mean that single heat exchanger or perform difference in functionality at different time place or under different steam pressures, perform identical function simultaneously or perform the heat exchanger of lesser amt of identical function or any of the above combination simultaneously at different temperatures.

Enthalpy from liquid phase sensible heat storage medium can being transferred to water, to produce superheated steam, this superheated steam may be used for generating electricity in steamturbine.It can be continuous print or on request that the steam that generates of enthalpy of storage from storage medium generates electricity, and simply by the presence of be suitable for generating the sufficient enthalpy that stores in a reservoir at for the temperature of the steam generated electricity just can by day or any time generation in evening.Generating is not dependent on some time existence and can use sunshine.

In certain embodiments, method for generating electricity from sunshine can include, locate in the very first time: use with the pressure of at least 100 bars, water is heated in described solar receiver the sunshine reflexed on the surface of solar receiver by multiple heliostats, to generate the first steam stream of the first temperature；Described first steam is streamed to the first heat exchanger, and by enthalpy from described steam-transfer to sensible heat storage medium in described first heat exchanger, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and is flowed to the second thermally insulated container by described first heat exchanger from the first thermally insulated container；From the outlet of described first heat exchanger, the second steam stream is sent to described receptor, and described steam is in substantially gaseous form at the second temperature；The temperature of described second steam stream in said receiver is risen to the 3rd temperature by the sunshine using reflection；And the steam at described 3rd temperature is sent to turbine, for generating；Wherein, described first steam stream and the second steam stream add up to and include essentially all steam overheated in described receptor；And locate in the second time: being used in the second heat exchanger and to generate the 3rd steam stream described second heat exchanger from the enthalpy of described sensible heat storage medium transfer, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows described first thermally insulated container from described second thermally insulated container by described second heat exchanger；And described 3rd steam is streamed to described turbine, for generating.First temperature can be at least 550 degrees Celsius or at least 560 degrees Celsius.By degree Celsius in units of described 3rd temperature may be at described first temperature 2% within or 5% within or 10% within.Pressure at the overheated first steam stream of the porch of described first heat exchanger can be at least 150 bars or at least 170 bars.May be at the pressure of the second steam stream of the porch of described turbine within the 10% of the pressure of the first steam stream of the porch of described first heat exchanger or within 20%.

In certain embodiments, in said receiver from reflection sunshine absorb energy at least 50% or at least 55% or at least 60% can cause superheated steam (as with generate vapor phase to).Enthalpy from described steam-transfer to described sensible heat storage medium can be equivalent in said receiver from reflection sunshine absorb energy more than 25% and less than 40%.

In certain embodiments, described turbine has reheat vapor cycle and described method includes extraly: in the very first time, place's use carrys out, from the enthalpy of described sensible heat medium transfer, the steam that reheating is extracted described reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger, and described sensible heat medium is caused and flows described first thermally insulated container from the described second exhausted heat melting device by described heat exchanger.In other embodiments, described turbine has reheat vapor cycle and described method includes extraly: the very first time place use and carry out, from the enthalpy in fuel combustion, electric power, underground heat and in aggregated sunshine one, the steam that reheating is extracted in described reheat vapor cycle.

In certain embodiments, a kind of method for generating electricity from sunshine can include, locate in the very first time: water is heated by impinging upon day in described solar receiver that use is reflexed on the surface of solar receiver by multiple heliostats with the pressure of at least 100 bars, to generate the first steam stream at the first temperature；Described first steam is streamed to the first heat exchanger, and by enthalpy from described steam-transfer to sensible heat storage medium in described first heat exchanger, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and is flowed to the second thermally insulated container by described first heat exchanger from the first thermally insulated container；From the outlet of described first heat exchanger, the Part I of the second steam stream being sent to described receptor, and the Part II of described second steam stream is sent to the second heat exchanger, described steam is the substantially gaseous form at the second temperature；Described second heat exchanger condenses the Part II of described second steam stream；The temperature of the Part I of described second steam stream is risen to the 3rd temperature by sunshine in said receiver that use reflection；And the steam at described 3rd temperature is sent to turbine, for generating；Wherein, the Part I of described first steam stream and described second steam stream includes essentially all steam overheated in described receptor altogether；And locate in the second time: being used in the 3rd heat exchanger and generate the 3rd steam stream described 3rd heat exchanger from the enthalpy of described sensible heat storage medium transfer, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows described first thermally insulated container from described second thermally insulated container by described 3rd heat exchanger；And described 3rd steam is streamed to described turbine, for generating.

In certain embodiments, (the second steam stream) described Part I can be at least the 50% or at least 60% of described second steam stream.

In certain embodiments, a kind of system for generating electricity from sunshine may include that solar receiver, comprising: wherein generated tube panel by least one steam that water is heated generating the sunshine reflected saturated vapor, wherein by being heated generating at least one the overheated tube panel more than the first flow of superheated steam under the first pressure of 100 bars to saturated vapor the sunshine reflected, and wherein by being heated the steam substantially lowered the temperature the sunshine reflected generating more than at least one of the second flow of superheated steam under the second pressure of 100 bars after heat pipe screen；Multiple heliostats, it is positioned at around described receptor, to be reflexed to sunshine on the surface of described receptor；First steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receptor so that described first superheated steam is streamed to thermal energy storage system by described first steam means of transportation；Second steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receptor so that the steam substantially lowered the temperature is sent to described receptor from described thermal energy storage system by described second steam means of transportation；Described thermal energy storage system, including: liquid phase sensible heat medium, it includes at least one in fused salt or molten metal；Multiple thermally insulated containers, it is for comprising the storage medium at corresponding multiple temperature；And first heat exchanger, it is in fluid communication with each in described first steam means of transportation and described second steam means of transportation, in described first heat exchanger, the first thermally insulated container from the plurality of thermally insulated container is sent to the temperature of the storage medium stream of the second thermally insulated container and is promoted by the transfer from described superheated steam to the enthalpy of described storage medium by it；And electricity generation system, including the 3rd steam means of transportation, in the described 3rd steam means of transportation, by the second flow of superheated steam from described at least one be sent to the entrance of steamturbine after heat pipe screen；Second heat exchanger, wherein, be used in described second heat exchanger, be sent to the storage medium fluid stream of described first thermally insulated container since described second thermally insulated container and the heat that shifts to generate the 3rd flow of superheated steam under the pressure more than 100 bars；4th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described second heat exchanger, make the 4th steam means of transportation that the 3rd flow of superheated steam be sent to the entrance of steamturbine from described second heat exchanger, and steamturbine, it is configured as just generating the second flow of superheated steam and often generates electricity from the second flow of superheated steam, and generates electricity from the 3rd flow of superheated steam at least every now and then when not generating the second flow of superheated steam.

In certain embodiments, this system can include extraly: the 3rd heat exchanger, it generates tube panel at least indirect fluid communications with described first heat exchanger and at least one steam described, in described 3rd heat exchanger, condenses at least some of of the described steam lowered the temperature；And the 5th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receptor so that the part that is condensed of the described steam lowered the temperature is sent to described receptor from described thermal energy storage system by described 5th steam means of transportation.

In certain embodiments, this system can include extraly: the 4th heat exchanger, its with at least one after heat pipe screen at least indirect communication, wherein, the first thermally insulated container from the plurality of thermally insulated container is promoted by the transfer from a part for described second flow of superheated steam to the enthalpy of described storage medium by the temperature of its storage medium stream being sent to the second thermally insulated container, wherein this be partially in 10% (containing) to 90% (containing) between.

The pressure of the first flow of superheated steam can more than 150 bars or more than 170 bars.The pressure of described second flow of superheated steam may be at the pressure of the first flow of superheated steam 10% within or 20% within.

The temperature of the storage medium in the first thermally insulated container be in 265 degrees Celsius (containing) to 285 degrees Celsius (containing) within and the second thermally insulated container in the temperature of storage medium be at least 540 degrees Celsius or at least 550 degrees Celsius.

Thermal energy storage system can have with one day in absorbed by described solar receiver remainder heat energy 25% (containing) to 40% (containing) suitable thermal energy storage capacity.

Thermal energy storage system can have with when steamturbine with steam condition its heap(ed) capacity admissible of the 3rd flow of superheated steam under work time by steamturbine carry out generating 3 little time (containing) to 4 hours (containing) suitable thermal energy storage capacity.Alternatively, thermal energy storage system can have with when steamturbine with steam condition its heap(ed) capacity admissible of the 3rd flow of superheated steam under work time by steam turbine power production 7 time little (containing) to 8 hours (containing) or the thermal energy storage capacity suitable more than 8 hours.

When being considered in conjunction with the accompanying, the purpose of the embodiment of subject and advantage become apparent in from the description below.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Describing embodiment hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is not drawn necessarily to scale.Under applicable circumstances, it does not have show that some feature is to aid in displaying and the explanation of lower floor's feature.In whole figure, same reference numeral represents to be wanted to pass through element.

Fig. 1 illustrates the solar electric power Tower System of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 2 illustrates the solar electric power Tower System including multiple tower of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 3 illustrates the solar electric power Tower System including multiple receptor at single tower of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 4 illustrates the solar electric power Tower System of one or more embodiment according to subject and hot storage system.

Fig. 5 shows the first simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electricity force generation device of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 6 shows the second simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electricity force generation device of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 7 a shows the 3rd simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electricity force generation device of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 7 b shows the replaceable 3rd simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electricity force generation device of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 8 shows the 4th simplification procedure chart arranged for solar receiver system, hot storage system and electricity force generation device of one or more embodiment according to subject.

Fig. 9 show one or more embodiment according to subject for from the simplification procedure chart of the first system hankering generating of storage.

Figure 10 show one or more embodiment according to subject for from the simplification procedure chart of second system hankering generating of storage.

Detailed description of the invention

Solar column system can use and produce solar steam and/or superheated steam sunshine.In FIG, solar column system 10 can include solar column 50, and this solar column receives the daylight (not shown) of the line focus that the solar energy field 60 from heliostat 70 reflects.Such as, the height of solar column 50 can be at least 50 meters, 100 meters, 200 meters or higher.Heliostat 70 can cause solar receiver system 20, for instance the solar energy receiving surface of one or more receptor of system 20.Heliostat 70 can adjust their orientation thus follow the sun when the sun aloft moves, and daylight thus persistently reflexes to one or more that be associated with receiver system 20 and causes on a little.Solar receiver system 20 may be mounted in solar column 50 or is arranged on solar column 50, and this solar receiver system can include one or more independent receptor.These solar receivers can be configured to water and/or steam and/or supercritical steam are heated.Alternatively or in addition, target or receptor 20 can include but not limited to photovoltaic module, steam formation component (or for adding another assembly of hot solids or fluid), be used for growing biological substance (such as, for producing bio-fuel) biological growth assembly, or be configured to convert the sunshine of line focus to other target any of useful energy and/or merit.

Solar receiver system 20 can be disposed in tower 50 top place or near, as shown in Figure 1.

More than one solar column 50 can be provided, each there is a corresponding solar energy and receive system herein above, for instance solar electric power vapour system.Different solar energy receives system and can have different functional.Such as, water is heated and produces steam by a solar radiation that can use reflection in these solar energy reception systems, and another in these solar energy reception systems can be used to use reflection solar radiation steam is carried out overheated.Multiple solar columns 50 can share a common heliostat field 60, or has the heliostat field separately of correspondence.Some heliostats can be constructed and arranged, in order to sunshine is alternately guided in the solar energy in different towers and receives system.It addition, heliostat may be configured to such as will guide sunshine away from any tower in the process topple over situation.As shown in Figure 2, it is possible to two solar columns are provided, each there is a corresponding solar energy and receive system.First tower 50a has the first solar energy and receives system 20a, and second tower 50b has the second solar energy and receive system 20b.Solar column 50a, 50b are arranged, in order to receive the solar radiation from corresponding heliostat field 60a and 60b reflection.At any given time, a heliostat in heliostat field 60a, 60b can be directed into a solar receiver of any one solar column 50a, 50b.Although Fig. 2 has illustrated only two solar columns with corresponding solar energy reception system, but any number of solar column and solar energy can be adopted to receive system.

More than one solar receiver can be provided on solar column.Multiple solar receivers of combination can form solar energy and receive a part for system 20.For the sake of clarity, term " solar receiver " or only " receptor " can be used to mean that solar energy receives a part for system 20 or can be used to mean that whole solar energy receives system 20 in this article.Therefore, the multiple receptors on single tower are properly termed as " receptor ".

Different solar receivers no matter is on single tower or on different towers, it can have different functionalities.Such as, in these solar receivers can use the solar radiation of reflection water to be heated and produces steam, and another in these solar receivers can be used to use reflection solar radiation steam is carried out overheated.Multiple solar receivers can be disposed in the differing heights place on same tower or diverse location (such as different face, for instance north, the west etc.) place on same tower.Some heliostats in field 60 can be constructed and arranged, in order to sunshine is alternately guided in different solar receiver places.As shown in Figure 3, it is possible to three solar receivers are provided on single tower 50.Solar energy receives system 20 and therefore includes the first solar receiver the 21, second solar receiver 22 and the 3rd solar receiver 23.At any given time, the heliostat in field 60 can cause in these solar receivers one or two or all, or do not cause any one in these receptors.Using in situations at some, the causing of the heliostat in field 60 can be adjusted so that and from a solar receiver (such as, 21), the reflection light beam being projeced into tower 50 place is moved to another solar receiver (such as, 22 or 23).Although Fig. 3 has illustrated only three solar receivers and single tower, but any number of solar column and solar receiver can be adopted.In one example, first solar receiver 21 is solar steam generator, second solar receiver 22 is the superheater being designed to be operated under higher than the first pressure of 100 bars, and the 3rd solar receiver 23 is the superheater being designed to be operated under higher than the second pressure of 100 bars.First solar receiver 21 and the second solar receiver 22 can pass through vapor removal drum (not shown in Fig. 3) and connect.

Sunshine can predictably (such as, every diurnal variation) and the unpredictably change (such as, due to cloudy, dust, solar eclipse or other reasons).Furthermore, it is possible to hang up due to the reason (such as blast or regular or nonperiodical repair) unrelated with change at sunshine or cancel solar energy field operation.

Solar energy field is it may be desirable to be connected to the electricity generation system including steamturbine and electromotor, in order to generate electricity from by the steam produced sunshine, as is known in the art.

" means of transportation " used herein may mean that the conduit of pipeline or pipe or similar functions, no matter independent or several, and no matter be arranged in series and/or or be arranged in parallel；Here do not make efforts to provide in the accompanying drawings the feature of specific means of transportation, because according to standard engineering practice and to consider that the feature (such as, not exhaustive: pressure, temperature, density, viscosity, specific heat capacity and corrosivity) of the particular fluid transmitted designs and selects the material of means of transportation and size be well known in the art." transmission " used herein be may mean that via the means of transportation flowing by pumping or be caused by gravity.Pump can be expressed as the arrow (direction of the arrow in the respective flow direction of the fluid that instruction is pumped) in circle in various figures.Those skilled in the art can specify the selection of particular pump according to standard engineering practice and place (including whether to dispose them) and their feature and function, and any this design considers the illustrative deployment of the pump surpassed in accompanying drawing.The element such as storage tank noted in the description of accompanying drawing can be size, material selects and thermal insulation is suitable for any kind of reservoir or container, as those skilled in the art when design is used for storing the system of high-temperature liquid-phase sensible heat storage medium by selecting.

In some embodiments of subject, at least some in enthalpy in " owning " superheated steam generated in receptor is transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium, and this storage medium can include nitrate, nitrite, such as sodium and this area containing villiaumite, metal have had on 200 degrees Celsius or other material any of stable liquid phase up to 500 degrees Celsius or up to 600 degrees Celsius or up to 700 degrees Celsius on 300 degrees Celsius.Those skilled in the art will be appreciated by selecting having thermal capacity, thermal conductivity and the viscosity storage medium together with the expectation combination of medium operating temperature range under liquid phase, in this storage medium production technology and the economically acceptable scheme for sensible heat storage.The mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate is deployed as storage medium generally but not exclusively in solar industry, but this is only example, and because the new blend of fuse salt and metal is exploited for thermal energy storage, they are obvious with replacing existing mixture in the present embodiment for a person skilled in the art.

When disclosed theme relates to the enthalpy from " owning " steam-transfer generated, should be understood that, term " owns " normal loss (the such as loss owing to causing to the conduction of heat of any means of transportation for it of the enthalpy of qualified that carry secretly in steam or steam self from steam, loss before system closedown or startup, during or after, do not note loss to the steam of atmospheric air leakage, or in the normal operation period steam or other less loss any of enthalpy of carrying secretly in steam).

Fig. 4 illustrates the solar energy system 10 according to one or more embodiment, this solar energy system 10 includes the receiver system 20 on the top of tower 50, wherein, use the solar energy field 60 from heliostat 70 to reflex to water is heated and evaporates the sunshine the outer surface of receptor 20.Means of transportation 75a is configured to the superheated steam generated in receptor 20 is sent to heat exchanger array 77, from first, the liquid phase sensible heat storage medium at first temperature is stored reservoir 91a and is sent to heat exchanger array 77 via means of transportation 76a.Heat exchanger array 77 can be configured to ensure that transfers to storage medium by enthalpy from superheated steam, improves storage medium to the second temperature, and steam is condensed into water.Water returns to tower 50 and receptor 20 from heat exchanger array 77 via means of transportation 75b, and via means of transportation 76b, the storage medium at the second temperature is sent to storage reservoir 91b.Whenever the storage medium at the second temperature in storage reservoir 91b can be used in, for instance produce superheated steam to generate electricity in steamturbine, as is known in the art.

In heat exchanger or a succession of heat exchanger, from superheated steam to the transfer of sensible heat storage medium, enthalpy causes that the temperature of storage medium rises.Such as, the superheated steam under the first temperature T1 can be cooled to the second temperature T2 in a heat exchanger, and this second temperature T2 is just over condensation temperature (condensation temperature uses convertibly with " saturation temperature " here).This is sensible heat transfer from steam to storage medium, and will cause the corresponding rising of the temperature of storage medium.T2 can less than 1 degree Celsius on saturation temperature, on saturation temperature less than 5 degrees Celsius, on saturation temperature less than on 10 degrees Celsius or saturation temperature less than 20 degrees Celsius.In another example, steam can condense to the 3rd temperature T3 so that the only small temperature of steam declines from temperature T2 in a heat exchanger, the minimum rising of the latent heat that can introduce phase transformation such as most this hot transfer the temperature causing sensible heat storage medium.In the 3rd example, in a heat exchanger condensed steam (water) can be cooled to the 4th temperature T4 from the 3rd temperature T3 (slightly below " folder point " temperature, it is the term of this area of the temperature that most of phase transformation occurs at a given pressure).Storage medium is risen to the temperature of the folder point closer to steam by this heat transfer from its typical case's " chilling temperature ".It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these different examples of heat exchange can according to the technology of system design and economic parameters in single heat exchanger or a succession of heat exchanger independent or recur.In one example, T1 be in 560 degrees Celsius (containing) to 580 degrees Celsius (containing) scope in, T2 for the steam under the illustrative pressure of 145 bars be in 340 degrees Celsius (containing) to 355 degrees Celsius (containing) scope in, or for the steam under the illustrative pressure of 175 bars be in 350 degrees Celsius (containing) to 370 degrees Celsius (containing) scope in, T3 be in 330 degrees Celsius (containing) to 340 degrees Celsius (containing) scope in, T4 be in 270 degrees Celsius (containing) to 280 degrees Celsius (containing) scope in.In another example, T1 for the steam under the illustrative pressure of 180 bars be in 570 degrees Celsius (containing) to 580 degrees Celsius (containing) scope in.

In certain embodiments, steam uses evaporate sunshine in solar receiver, first superheater of solar receiver use sunshine overheated, the heat exchanger that storage container with thermal energy storage system is in fluid communication make superheated steam lower the temperature, second superheater of solar receiver use sunshine again overheated, and finally proceed to power zone or electric power island, in power zone or electric power island, steam is inflated in steamturbine to be cooled down with part and is further cooled by cooling system and condenses.

Referring now to Fig. 5, system can be configured to so that the steam from solar receiver 20 causes heat exchanger sections 30, with by enthalpy from steam-transfer to storage medium.The pressure of this steam can more than 100 bars, or more than 125 bars, or more than 150 bars, or more than 175 bars.In one example, storage medium (not shown) is stored in two storage tanks 95,96 of " cold " and " heat " temperature respectively.By storage medium by by the dotted line line with arrow, (and exemplarily, the means of transportation represented in all of the figs in the direction of the arrow) transmits.Use storage medium pump 82 that from cold storage tank 95, storage medium is sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, in the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated steam is cooled within 20 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius of its saturation temperature, or within 1 degree Celsius, and the temperature correspondence of storage medium rises to the temperature about selected for the storage in hot storage tank 96.Heated storage medium is sent to hot storage tank 96 from high-temperature heat exchanger 31a.

In solar receiver system 20, by the means of transportation transmission by being represented with arrow line (and exemplarily in the direction of the arrow) by solid line of water and steam (not shown).Use feed pump 87 via feed-water heater 66 condensed water (namely from the water of condensed steam) is sent to drum 27 (or with replaceable configuration (not shown) directly to drum 27 is connected with vaporizer receptor part 26 with in 25 means of transportation marked).In means of transportation 25, use recirculation pump 81 that from drum 27, water is sent to vaporizer receptor part 26.Water enters vaporizer receptor part 26 (it can also be called that steam generator or steam generate receptor), and evaporates due to the heat that absorbs in the sunshine of the aggregated reflection on the outer surface of evaporator section 26.Vaporizer receptor part 26 can be designed as such as tubulose boiler.By being entrained with the steam of some residual water or not carrying the steam of residual water secretly and be sent to drum 27, in drum 27, the one in vapor removal technology known in the field of Industrial Boiler design is used to carry out separating residual water.Then, from drum 27, saturated vapor being sent to the first superheater 28a, this first superheater 28a can be designed as such as tubulose radiant superheater.

In certain embodiments, will move out all steam of the first superheater 28a and be sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, in high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, steam described above heating storage medium.In some other embodiments, the minority part of steam is sent to steam driven pump (not shown) from superheater 28a, in steam driven pump, it is possible to use the energy in steam performs mechanical power, for instance use steam driven pump to pump steam.

Enthalpy is from steam to the transfer indfficiency of sensible heat storage medium around the efficiency the temperature range of the phase transformation from steam to water, and so the high temperature of hot storage medium is likely to be not so good as expectation height.In certain embodiments, in whole heat transfer, the ratio between sensible heat and latent heat increases by extra sensible heat being increased to superheated steam before reaching its condensation temperature at superheated steam, and this allows more effective overall or average heat transfer and hot storage medium higher temperature.This is extra overheated can occur in the receptor that at least some superheater tube can distribute for this wherein.For superheated steam (with add hot water or generate vapor phase for) the part at reflection sunshine (with regard to interior energy) can more than the 55% of whole reflections sunshine or more than 60%.

As mentioned above, superheated steam is sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a from the first superheater 28a of receptor 20, in high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated steam is cooled to the temperature less than 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius on saturation temperature at its relevant temperature place.Will move out the steam of the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a and be sent to the second superheater 28b of receptor 20, in the second superheater 28b, by this steam superheating to substantially previously in the temperature that the temperature being superheated to by this steam in the first superheater 28a is identical, or within the 2% or 5% or 10% of the temperature being superheated in the first superheater 28a before.Being sent to high-pressure turbine 61 by superheated steam from the second superheater 28b, wherein, before steam exits high-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical power.This steam is sent to middle pressure turbine 62 (also referred to as low-pressure turbine), and wherein, before steam exits low-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical power.As known in the art, arrange one or more turbine (such as, high-pressure turbine 61 and low-pressure turbine 62) it is common, with by the bar being delivered on it also to arrange electromotor (not shown) in rotary moving, and therefore the enthalpy in steam is indirectly for generating.The steam with part cooling of demi-inflation exits low-pressure turbine 62, and it is sent to the chiller 63 shown in Fig. 5 such as air-cooled condenser array, this chiller 63 and the dry calibration of other form, wet type cooling and mix wet/dry cooling as known in the art functionally commutative.Use pump 86 that from chiller 63, water is sent to low-pressure feed heater 64, and be sent to deaerator 65 from low-pressure feed heater 64.Use pump 87 that from deaerator 65, water is sent to high-pressure feed-water heater 66.Exit the water of high-pressure feed-water heater 66 and be sent to drum 27 (or enter directly in the means of transportation of the mark 25 being connected with vaporizer receptor part 26 by drum 27, with reference to above).

The operation of the system shown in period at sunshine Fig. 5 is by the heat storage caused in hot storage system 30 and causes the generating at other place in system.In one example, the 30% of the energy that solar receiver absorbs during whole day operates causes storage system, and 70% causes generating.In another example, the energy that solar receiver absorbs during whole day operates 25% (containing) to 40% (containing) cause storage system, and 60% (containing) to 75% (containing) cause generating.In one example, cause during whole day operates operation under the maximum generating watt of the turbine under the energy of the storage system steam condition (temperature and pressure) to being enabled by the heat exchanger of energy-storage system 3.5 hours (containing) and 4 hours (containing) between be enough.

Sometimes, it may be desirable to generate electricity and store any heat in heat storage system simultaneously, such as, if there is inadequate sunshine, if or to storage system fully charged (i.e. all available hot storage mediums heated and be stored in " heat " storage tank), if or any associated system component just experiencing maintenance.In such a case, it is possible to avoid storage system.Referring still to Fig. 5, steam can be sent to the second superheater 28b from the first superheater 28a via bypass means of transportation 29, depend on that temperature when steam exits the first superheater 28a or cannot can be added vapours extraly by sunshine, and this steam is sent to high-pressure turbine 61 from the second superheater 28b.

The enthalpy shifted in the sensible heat storage medium of storage from heat storage system can be used to reheat the steam extracted in reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger.Fig. 6 illustrates the alternative embodiment using reheat vapor cycle, in figure 6, steam that will move out high-pressure turbine 61, that be under middle pressure and low temperature is sent to reheater 44, in reheater 44, the temperature of steam is risen to the temperature of the identical temperature or higher of the temperature exiting the second superheater 28b with superheated steam.Middle pressure turbine 62 under the reheated steam of middle pressure is sent to, from reheater 44, the steam uniform pressure pressing turbine 62 in the entrance about and the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.In other embodiments (not shown), it is possible to use complete reheating from the enthalpy in fuel combustion, electric power, underground heat and in aggregated sunshine one.

One skilled in the art is readily apparent that, it is merely representative of a kind of possible configuration for the assembly in the system of generating from steam about the description in the disclosure that power zone is arranged, and any configuration of a set of desired technology and economic sucess standard can be selected to meet to be used in contemplated embodiments.

In certain embodiments, steam uses evaporate sunshine in solar receiver, first superheater of solar receiver use sunshine overheated, the first heat exchanger that storage container with thermal energy storage system is in fluid communication make superheated steam lower the temperature, and when exiting the first heat exchanger or be divided into two parts afterwards.Part I uses sunshine after heat in the second superheater of solar receiver, and finally proceeds to power zone or electric power island, and there, steam is inflated in steamturbine to be cooled down with part and is further cooled by cooling system and condenses.Part II cools down in the second heat exchanger that the storage tank with thermal energy storage system is in fluid communication, and is finally sent to solar receiver as water.

Referring now to Fig. 7 a, system can be configured to so that the steam from solar receiver 20 causes heat exchanger sections 30, with by enthalpy from steam-transfer to storage medium.The pressure of this steam can such as more than 100 bars, or more than 125 bars, or more than 150 bars, or more than 175 bars.In one example, storage medium (not shown) is stored in two storage tanks 95,96 of " cold " and " heat " temperature respectively.Use storage medium pump 82 by storage medium from cold holding tank 95 by by the dotted line line with arrow (and exemplarily, direction at arrow) means of transportation that represents in all of the figs is sent to heat exchanger 31b, there, it is on its saturation temperature the superheated steam within 20 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or less than 1 degree Celsius and is condensed into water and similar 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius under its saturation temperature that is not supercooled.Storage medium is further conveyed to high-temperature heat exchanger 31a from heat exchanger 31b, in high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated steam be cooled to 20 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius of its saturation temperature or less than 1 degree Celsius within, and the temperature of storage medium risen to the temperature about selected for the storage in hot storage tank 96 accordingly.The storage medium of heating is sent to hot storage tank 96 from high-temperature heat exchanger 31a.

In solar receiver system 20, by under pressure in vaporizer 26 evaporation and in drum 27 with residual moisture from steam be sent to the first superheater 28a from drum 27, this first superheater 28a is preferably designed for tubulose radiant superheater.The steam exiting the first superheater 28a can be sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, in this first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, and steam heating storage medium as described above.As mentioned above, superheated steam is sent to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a from the first superheater 28a of receptor 20, in this first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, superheated steam is cooled to the temperature less than 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius on saturation temperature at its relevant temperature place.The steam exiting or having had logged out the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a is divided into two parts of steam or two parts.Part I is sent to the second superheater 28b of solar receiver 20, in the second superheater 28b, by this steam superheating to substantially previously in the temperature that the temperature being superheated to by this steam in the first superheater 28a is identical, or within the 2% or 5% or 10% of the temperature being superheated in the first superheater 28a before.Being sent to high-pressure turbine 61 by superheated steam from the second superheater 28b, there, before steam exits high-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical power.This steam is sent to middle pressure turbine 62 (also referred to as low-pressure turbine), and there, before steam exits low-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature and pressure, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is partly transformed into mechanical power.As known in the art, commonly: arrange one or more turbine (such as, high-pressure turbine 61 and low-pressure turbine 62), with by the bar being delivered on it also to arrange electromotor (not shown) in rotary moving, and therefore the enthalpy in steam is indirectly for generating.The steam with part cooling of demi-inflation exits low-pressure turbine 62, and it is sent to the chiller 63 shown in Fig. 7 A such as air-cooled condenser array, this chiller 63 and the dry calibration of other form, wet type cooling and mix wet/dry cooling as known in the art functionally commutative.Use pump 86 that from chiller 63, water is sent to low-pressure feed heater 64, and be sent to deaerator 65 from low-pressure feed heater 64.Use pump 87 that from deaerator 65, water is sent to high-pressure feed-water heater 66.Exit the water of high-pressure feed-water heater 66 and be sent to drum 27 (or enter directly into interchangeable configuration in the means of transportation of the mark 25 being connected with vaporizer receptor part 26 by drum 27, with reference to above).

The Part II of the steam of cooling in first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a is sent to the second heat exchanger 31b, in the second heat exchanger 31b, this steam is condensed and crosses 1 degree Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius be as cold as under its saturation point.This water is sent to drum 27 (or enter directly in the means of transportation of the mark 25 being connected by drum 27 with interchangeable configuration, with reference to above) with vaporizer receptor part 26.

In one example, in the first high-temperature heat exchanger 31a, the 37% of the steam of cooling is sent to the second superheater 28b, and remains (namely 63%) and be sent to the second heat exchanger 31b.In another example, 30% (containing) and 45% (containing) between steam be sent to the second superheater 28b, and remain and be sent to the second heat exchanger 31b.

The operation of the system shown in period at sunshine Fig. 7 a is by the heat storage caused in hot storage system 30 and causes generating.In one example, the 30% of the energy that solar receiver absorbs during whole day operates causes storage system, and 70% causes generating.In another example, the energy that solar receiver absorbs during whole day operates 25% (containing) to 40% (containing) cause storage system, and 60% (containing) to 75% (containing) cause generating.In one example, cause during whole day operates operation under the maximum generating watt of the turbine under the energy of the storage system steam condition (temperature and pressure) to being enabled by the heat exchanger of energy-storage system 3.5 hours (containing) and 4 hours (containing) between be enough.

Sometimes, it may be desirable to generating stores any heat without in heat storage system, such as, if there is inadequate sunshine, if or to storage system fully charged (i.e. all hot storage mediums heated and be stored in " heat " storage tank), if or any associated system component just experiencing maintenance.In such a case, it is possible to avoid storage system.Referring still to Fig. 7 a, steam can be sent to the second superheater 28b from the first superheater 28a via bypass means of transportation 29, there, depend on that temperature when steam exits the first superheater 28a or cannot can be added vapours extraly by sunshine, and this steam is sent to high-pressure turbine 61 from the second superheater 28b.

Referring now to Fig. 7 b, it is shown that alternative embodiment, this embodiment can aid in the amount or part that expand the enthalpy at the sunshine of storage in thermal energy storage system.Here, the steam exiting the second superheater 28b is divided into two parts of steam at abutment 88 place.A steam is sent to high-pressure turbine 61, there, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam is become mechanical power by fractional conversion, and the second steam is sent to extra heat exchanger 31c, there, enthalpy is transferred to liquid phase sensible heat storage medium (not shown), and this liquid phase sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows hot storage tank 96 from cold storage tank 95 by this heat exchanger 31c.Heat exchanger 31c can be designed as and makes steam cooling and also cooling steam and the water produced is supercool for lower than 1 degree Celsius under its saturation point or 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius.This water is sent to drum 27 (or enter directly in the means of transportation of the mark 25 being connected by drum 27 with interchangeable configuration, with reference to above) with vaporizer receptor part 26.

Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to use the steam extracted in the enthalpy reheating reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger of transfer in the sensible heat storage medium of storage from heat storage system.Fig. 8 illustrates the embodiment utilizing reheat vapor cycle, wherein, exit high-pressure turbine 61, be sent to reheater 44 at the steam of middle pressure and low temperature place, in reheater 44, the temperature of steam is thus lifted to the identical temperature of the temperature about exiting the second superheater 28b with superheated steam or is in higher temperature.The reheated steam of middle pressure from reheater 44 be sent to with the entrance the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b in pressure turbine 62 steam the approximately uniform pressure of pressure under middle pressure turbine 62.In some embodiment (not shown), it is possible to use complete reheating from the enthalpy in fuel combustion, electric power, underground heat and in aggregated sunshine one.Turbine has in some embodiments of reheat vapor cycle wherein, it is possible to there is the additional charge of thermal energy storage from the steam stream separated with the superheated steam exiting the second superheater 28b, as shown in Figure 7b.

In certain embodiments, the steam to generate in the enthalpy of storage in stored in liquid phase medium generates electricity in steamturbine, wherein, liquid phase steam can include nitrate, nitrite, fluoride, metal such as sodium and have other material known in the art any of stable liquid phase on 200 degrees Celsius or on 300 degrees Celsius and lower than 500 degrees Celsius or lower than 600 degrees Celsius or 700 degrees Celsius.As known in the art, it should select the storage medium that there is thermal capacity, thermal conductivity and viscosity together with the expectation combination of medium operating temperature range under liquid phase, in this storage medium production technology and the economically acceptable scheme for sensible heat storage.The mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate is deployed as storage medium generally but not exclusively in solar industry, but this is only example, and because the new blend of material is exploited for thermal energy storage, they are obvious with replacing known mixture in the present embodiment for a person skilled in the art.

Referring now to Fig. 9, by the means of transportation that represented by dotted arrow line (and illustratively, the direction at arrow) to transmit storage medium (not shown).Using salt pump 84 that from hot tank 96, storage medium is sent to multiple heat exchanger, in multiple heat exchangers, enthalpy transfers to water (and subsequently to steam) from storage medium.Storage medium is sent to superheater 41 (heat exchanger, wherein, enthalpy transfers to steam from storage medium under high pressure is such as more than the pressure of 100 bars, in order to it is overheated that steam is carried out).Storage medium is with less than exiting superheater 41 more than the temperature of on the corresponding saturation temperature of the steam under the high pressure of 100 bars 20 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 5 degrees Celsius, and it is sent to vaporizer 42 (heat exchanger, such as kettle boiler, wherein, enthalpy transfers to water from storage medium, in order to water is evaporated).Storage medium is to exit vaporizer 42 lower than the temperature in the corresponding saturation temperature more than the steam under the high pressure of 100 bars, and it is sent to pre-heater 43 (heat exchanger, wherein, enthalpy transfers to water from storage medium under the high pressure more than 100 bars, in order to heat the water to the temperature of the corresponding evaporating point near water).Storage medium exits pre-heater 43 and is sent to cold tank 95.

Referring still to Fig. 9, transmitted more than the water (not shown) under the pressure of 100 bars by the means of transportation represented by solid arrow line (and illustratively, the direction at arrow).Water is sent to pre-heater 43 from high-pressure feed-water heater 66, and is heated in pre-heater 43 less than within the corresponding evaporating point 5 degrees Celsius or 10 degrees Celsius or 20 degrees Celsius or 50 degrees Celsius of water.Water is sent to vaporizer 42 from preheater 43 and is heated so that vaporizer 42 at least most of water flashes to steam.Use recirculation pump 85 that residual water is transmitted back to pre-heater 43.Steam is sent to superheater 41 from vaporizer 42 and is heated to expectation higher temperature superheater 41.Superheated steam is sent to high-pressure turbine 61 from superheater 41, and in high-pressure turbine 61, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam was become mechanical power by fractional conversion before steam exits high-pressure turbine 61 with lower temperature with pressure.Exit pressure and be typically less than 50 bars or less than 40 bars or less than the so-called middle pressure of 30 bars.The steam of middle pressure is sent to middle pressure turbine 62 from high-pressure turbine, and in middle pressure turbine 62, the enthalpy carried secretly in steam was become mechanical power by fractional conversion before steam exits turbine 62 with lower temperature with pressure.As known in the art, arrange one or more turbine (such as, high-pressure turbine 61 and low-pressure turbine 62) it is common, with by the bar being delivered on it also to arrange electromotor (not shown) in rotary moving, and therefore the enthalpy in steam is indirectly for generating.The steam with part cooling of demi-inflation exits low-pressure turbine 62, and it is sent to the chiller 63 here shown as air-cooled condenser array, this chiller 63 cools down with the dry calibration of other form, wet type and mixes the functionally commutative of wet/dry cooling, as known in the art.Use pump 86 that from chiller 63, water is sent to low-pressure feed heater 64, and be sent to deaerator 65 from low-pressure feed heater 64.Use pump 87 that from deaerator 65, water is sent to high-pressure feed-water heater 66.The water exiting high-pressure feed-water heater 66 enters preheater 43.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, a kind of possible configuration of the assembly in the system being merely representative of for using the enthalpy in sensible heat storage medium to generate electricity described above, and can select to meet any configuration of a set of desired technology and economic sucess standard, with used for this invention.

Referring now to Figure 10, it is shown that include the alternative embodiment of reheat vapor cycle.Storage medium stream at its maximum temperature place is divided into two parts of steam at abutment 47 place.First steam of storage medium is sent to the second steam of superheater 41 and storage medium and is sent to reheater 45 (heat exchanger, there, enthalpy is transferred to steam from storage medium under middle pressure is namely less than the pressure of 50 bars, in order to reheated steam).Second steam of storage medium exits reheater 45 and is sent to cold tank 95.As it is shown in figure 9, the first steam of storage medium exits superheater 41 and is sent to vaporizer 42, and it is sent to pre-heater 43 from vaporizer 42, and is sent to cold tank 95 from pre-heater 43.Reheater 45 can for the same kind of equipment shown in the reheater 44 in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, but may not.

In certain embodiments, (such as, according to any embodiment described with reference to the respective description in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b or Fig. 8) occur in the very first time such as when sufficient sunshine is available from the generating at sunshine, and (such as, according to any embodiment described with reference to the respective description in Fig. 9 or Figure 10) occurs in the second time such as when being not useable for generating electricity sufficient sunshine from the generating of thermal energy storage system.

Additionally or alternatively, for any one in the system and method described herein that generates electricity from sunshine (such as, according to reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b or Fig. 8 illustrates those of embodiment described) can with any one (such as, according to reference to those of the embodiment illustrating in Fig. 9 or Figure 10 to describe) combination being used for from the system and method described herein of thermal energy storage system generating.Such as, in the single time, can (1) generate and superheated steam in solar receiver, enthalpy is stored alternatively in thermal energy storage system, and generating electricity from the steam of solar heating, and (2) generating in steam produced by the enthalpy of storage from use thermal energy storage system simultaneously.As an example, when being insufficient to the full generated energy for turbine from the steam at sunshine, it may be desirable to this operator scheme.As another example, it may be desirable to one or more steam of operation storage system generates heat exchanger, generate electricity including from during cloud covering event or wind event or some other expection Action Events or in the steam generated in advance and so, in order to contribute to the hitless operation of turbine.As another example, it may be desirable to the cloudy or part cloudy period of period uses the enthalpy from heat energy system to generate electricity continuously by day, and no matter when sunshine can use the electric power that all interval increase generates from sunshine.As another example, it may be desirable to the cloudy or part cloudy period of period uses the enthalpy from heat energy system to generate electricity continuously by day, and no matter when sunshine can intermittently to increase enthalpy to thermal energy storage system with the enthalpy all used from absorption at sunshine.

In one or more embodiment, hot storage system can include control system, and this control system is as the assembly (namely as the part of whole system controller) shared with solar energy acquisition system (including solar energy field 60 and the solar receiver system 20 of heliostat 70) and electricity generation system (such as shown in Fig. 9 or Figure 10) or as the separate modular (namely control module independent of other but be likely to mutual with other control module) storing system specific to heat.Control system can be configured to: based on from operator or from instruction set or determine that at least one operating parameter the instruction of optimal operation mode selects operator scheme or realizes operator scheme, this at least one operating parameter can include but not limited to the level of the storage medium in storage tank 95,96 or be used for different prices or the meteorological condition of electric power.

Control system can be configured to: regulate in different vessels and between the stream of storage medium.Such as, control system can regulate the speed of medium stream between container, the sequential of stream, allocation of parameters that the relative populations of the medium in container is managed, or any other side that the distribution of intrasystem storage medium is managed.Stream parameter can be managed according to the heat transfer parameter of the flow path between reservoir.Such as, stream parameter can be at least partially based on the heat transfer parameter of heat exchanger, flow through the temperature of the solar energy fluid of heat exchanger, flow through the water of one or more heat exchanger or the flow velocity of steam or affect any other side or the condition of heat transfer between hot storage system and water/steam.

Control system can be configured to control the other side of whole system, including one or more parameter of such as water or steam.Such as, control system can be configured to lower temperature and/or the flow velocity of water saving or steam at least part of and heat exchanger thermal communication.And, control system can regulate the stream of the water by one or more heat exchanger or steam, such as, to ensure that steam does not have total condensation and/or ensures steam total condensation after enthalpy with liquid phase fluid exchange after enthalpy exchanges during charging with storage medium.Control system can include any combination of the machinery for realizing target or electric power assembly, include but not limited to motor, pump, valve, analog circuit, digital circuit, software (that is, storage in volatibility or non-volatile computer memory or storage), one or more wired or radio computer network or complete target any other must the combination of assembly or assembly.

Although the particular case that the quantity according to wherein container is 2 explains each embodiment of hot storage system, it is noted that, it is also possible to use less than 2 or more than 2 containers according to one or more expectation embodiment.

It will be appreciated that module described above, process and system can with hardware, be implemented by the hardware of software programming, software, the instruction being stored in a kind of non-transitory computer-readable medium or Combinations of the above.System for controlling hot storage system, solar energy collecting system and/or electricity generation system can such as use a processor to implement, and this processor is configured to the programmed instruction sequence performing to be stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium.This processor can include but not limited to personal computer or work station or other this type of computing systems, and this system includes a processor, microprocessor, microcontroller device or is made up of the control logic including the integrated circuits such as such as special IC (ASIC).Instruction can compile from the source code instruction provided according to the such as programming language such as Java, C++, C#.net or similar language.Instruction can also include the code according to such as VisualBasicTM language or another kind of structuring or the offer of OO programming language and data object.Programmed instruction sequence and data associated there can be stored in a kind of non-transitory computer readable medium, such as a computer storage or storage device, it can be any suitable memory devices, for instance but it is not limited to read only memory (ROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disc driver etc..

Additionally, module, process, system and part may be implemented as single processor or a distributed processors.In addition it is to be appreciated that step discussed herein can in the upper execution of single or distributed processors (monokaryon and/or multinuclear).And, the process, module and the submodule that illustrate in each figure of above example can be distributed between multiple computer or system, or can be co-located in single processor or system.Be adapted for carrying out herein described module, partly, the example arrangement embodiment replacement scheme of system, device or process presented below, but be not limited to this.Herein described module, processor or system may be embodied as such as general purpose computer by programming, with an electronic installation of microcode programming, hard-wired analog logic circuit, the software being stored on a computer readable medium or signal, optical computing device, electronics and/or a networked system of Optical devices, dedicated computing device, IC apparatus, a semiconductor chip, and be stored in the software module on a computer readable medium or signal or object.And, the embodiment of disclosed method, system and computer program is usable in a programmed general purpose computer, the upper software performed of special-purpose computer, a microprocessor or the like is implemented.

The embodiment of method and system (or their sub-component or module) can be implemented in the following: a general purpose computer, one special-purpose computer, one programmed microprocessor or microcontroller and peripheral integrated circuit element, one ASIC or other integrated circuits, one digital signal processor, one hard-wired electronic or logic circuit, a such as discrete element circuits, one programmed logic circuit, this programmed logic circuit is such as a programmable logic device (PLD), programmable logic array (PLA), field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic array (PAL) device etc..Generally, it is possible to any process implementing herein described function or step may serve to the embodiment of implementation, system or computer program (being stored in the software program on a non-transitory computer readable medium).

In addition, the embodiment of disclosed method, system and computer program can use such as object or oriented object development environment completely or partially to be easily implemented with software, and these development environments provide the portable source code that can use on multiple computer platform.Alternately, the embodiment of disclosed method, system and computer program can use such as standard logic circuits or ultra-large integrated (VLSI) design partially or even wholly to implement with hardware.Depend on the speed of system and/or efficiency requirements, specific function and/or the specific software utilized or hardware system, microprocessor or pico computer, it is possible to use embodiment implemented by other hardware or software.Those of ordinary skill in the art is from function declaration provided herein and by solar energy collecting, heat storage, generating and/or the overall ABC in computer programming field, it is possible to use any known or later developed system or structure, device and/or software and by the embodiment of hardware and/or software implementation, system and computer program.

Disclosed embodiment feature can be combined within the scope of the invention, rearrange, omission etc. to be to produce additional embodiment.Additionally, sometimes can advantageously use some feature when the corresponding use not having further feature.

It is therefore evident that according to present disclose provides for operating solar energy system, method and apparatus.The disclosure makes it possible to realize many replacements, amendment and change.Although being illustrated in detail in and described specific embodiment to illustrate the application of principles of the invention, it is to be understood that can additionally embody the present invention when departing from this type of principle.Therefore, applicant's intention contains these type of replacements all within the spirit and scope of the present invention, amendment, equivalent, combination and change.

Claims

1. for the method from generating at sunshine, including:

Locate in the very first time:

A. use with the pressure of at least 100 bars, water is heated in described solar receiver the sunshine being reflexed on the surface of solar receiver by multiple heliostats, to generate the first steam stream at the first temperature；

B. described first steam is streamed to the first heat exchanger, and by enthalpy from described steam-transfer to sensible heat storage medium in described first heat exchanger, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and is flowed to the second thermally insulated container by this first heat exchanger from the first thermally insulated container；

C. from the outlet of described first heat exchanger, the second steam stream being sent to described receptor, described steam is in the substantially gaseous form at the second temperature；

The temperature of the second steam stream in described receptor is risen to the 3rd temperature by the sunshine d. using reflection；And

E. the steam at described 3rd temperature is sent to turbine, for generating；

Wherein, described first steam stream and described second steam stream total include in described receptor by overheated essentially all steam；And

Locate in the second time:

A. being used in the second heat exchanger and to generate the 3rd steam stream described second heat exchanger from the enthalpy of described sensible heat storage medium transfer, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows described first thermally insulated container from described second thermally insulated container by this second heat exchanger；And

B. described 3rd steam is streamed to described turbine, for generating.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described first temperature is at least 550 degrees Celsius or at least 560 degrees Celsius.

3. the method according to any one of the claims, wherein, degree Celsius under described 3rd temperature be in described first temperature 2% within or 5% within or 10% within.

4. the method according to any one of the claims, wherein, the pressure at the overheated first steam stream of the porch of described first heat exchanger is at least 150 bars or at least 170 bars.

5. the method according to any one of the claims, wherein, be at the pressure of the second steam stream of the porch of described turbine the first steam stream of the porch of described first heat exchanger pressure 10% within or 20% within.

6. the method according to any one of the claims, wherein, at least 50% or at least 55% or at least the 60% of the energy absorbed from the sunshine of reflection in said receiver causes superheated steam.

7. the method according to any one of the claims, wherein, the enthalpy from described steam-transfer to described sensible heat storage medium is corresponding to greater than in said receiver from the 25% of the energy of the absorption at sunshine of reflection and less than the 40% of this energy.

8. the method according to any one of the claims, wherein, described turbine has reheat vapor cycle and described method includes extraly: in the very first time, place's use carrys out, from the enthalpy of described sensible heat medium transfer, the steam that reheating is extracted described reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger, and described sensible heat medium is caused and flows described first thermally insulated container from the described second exhausted heat melting device by this heat exchanger.

9. for the method from generating at sunshine, including:

Locate in the very first time:

C. from the outlet of described first heat exchanger, the Part I of the second steam stream being sent to described receptor, and the Part II of described second steam stream is sent to the second heat exchanger, described steam is in the substantially gaseous form at the second temperature；

D. in described second heat exchanger, condense the Part II of described second steam stream；

The temperature of the Part I of described second steam stream is risen to the 3rd temperature by sunshine in said receiver that e. use reflection；And

F. the steam at described 3rd temperature is sent to turbine, for generating；

Wherein, the Part I total of described first steam stream and described second steam stream includes in described receptor by overheated essentially all steam；And

Locate in the second time:

H. being used in the 3rd heat exchanger and to generate the 3rd steam stream described 3rd heat exchanger from the enthalpy of described sensible heat storage medium transfer, described sensible heat storage medium is caused and flows described first thermally insulated container from described second thermally insulated container by the 3rd heat exchanger；And

I. described 3rd steam is streamed to described turbine, for generating.

10. method according to claim 9, wherein, described Part I is at least the 50% or at least 60% of described second steam stream.

11. according to the method according to any one of claim 9 and 10, wherein, described turbine has reheat vapor cycle and described method includes extraly: in the very first time, place's use carrys out, from the enthalpy of described sensible heat medium transfer, the steam that reheating is extracted described reheat vapor cycle in a heat exchanger, and described sensible heat medium is caused and flows described first thermally insulated container from the described second exhausted heat melting device by described heat exchanger.

12. for the system from generating at sunshine, including:

A. solar receiver, including: wherein generated tube panel by least one steam that water is heated generating the sunshine reflected saturated vapor, wherein by being heated saturated vapor the sunshine reflected generating at least one overheated tube panel of the first flow of superheated steam under more than the first pressure of 100 bars, and wherein by being heated the steam substantially lowered the temperature the sunshine reflected generating at least one of the second flow of superheated steam under more than the second pressure of 100 bars after heat pipe screen；

B. many heliostats, it is positioned at around described receptor, to be reflexed to sunshine on the surface of described receptor；

C. the first steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receptor so that described first superheated steam is streamed to thermal energy storage system by described first steam means of transportation；

D. the second steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receptor so that the steam substantially lowered the temperature is sent to described receptor from described thermal energy storage system by described second steam means of transportation；

E. described thermal energy storage system, including:

I. liquid phase sensible heat medium, it includes at least one in fused salt or molten metal；

Ii. many thermally insulated containers, it is for comprising the storage medium at corresponding multiple temperature；And

Iii. the first heat exchanger, it is in fluid communication with each in described first steam means of transportation and described second steam means of transportation, in described first heat exchanger, the first thermally insulated container from the plurality of thermally insulated container is sent to the temperature of the storage medium stream of the second thermally insulated container and is promoted by the transfer from described superheated steam to the enthalpy of described storage medium by described first heat exchanger；And

F. generating equipment, including:

I. the 3rd steam means of transportation, in described 3rd steam means of transportation, by the second flow of superheated steam from described at least one be sent to the entrance of steamturbine after heat pipe screen；

Ii. the second heat exchanger, in described second heat exchanger, be used in described second heat exchanger, be sent to the storage medium fluid stream of described first thermally insulated container since described second thermally insulated container and the heat that shifts to generate the 3rd flow of superheated steam under the pressure more than 100 bars；

Iii. the 4th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described second heat exchanger so that the 3rd flow of superheated steam is sent to the entrance of steamturbine by the 4th steam means of transportation from described second heat exchanger；And

Iv. steamturbine, it is configured as just generating the second flow of superheated steam and often generates electricity from the second flow of superheated steam, and generates electricity from the 3rd flow of superheated steam at least every now and then when not generating the second flow of superheated steam.

13. system according to claim 12, include extraly:

G. the 3rd heat exchanger, it generates tube panel at least indirect fluid communications with described first heat exchanger and at least one steam described, in described 3rd heat exchanger, condenses at least some of of the described steam lowered the temperature；And

H. the 5th steam means of transportation, it is connected to described receptor so that the part of described condensation is sent to described receptor from described thermal energy storage system by described 5th steam means of transportation.

14. the system according to any one of claim 12 to 13, wherein, the pressure of the first flow of superheated steam is more than 150 bars or more than 170 bars.

15. the system according to any one of claim 12 to 14, wherein, the pressure of described second flow of superheated steam be in the pressure of the first flow of superheated steam 10% within or 20% within.

16. the system according to any one of claim 12 to 15, wherein, the temperature of the storage medium in the first thermally insulated container is in the temperature of the storage medium within 265 degrees Celsius to 285 degrees Celsius and in the second thermally insulated container is at least 540 degrees Celsius or at least 550 degrees Celsius.

17. the system according to any one of claim 12 to 16, wherein, described thermal energy storage system have with one day in 25% to the 40% of the remainder heat energy suitable thermal energy storage capacity that absorbed by described solar receiver, wherein, described 25% to 40% comprises 25% and 40% the two endpoint value.

18. the system according to any one of claim 12 to 17, wherein, described thermal energy storage system have with when steamturbine with steam condition its heap(ed) capacity admissible of the 3rd flow of superheated steam under work time by described steam turbine power production 3 little time to 4 thermal energy storage capacity suitable time little, within wherein said 3 hours to 4 hours, comprise 3 hours and 4 hours the two endpoint values.

19. the system according to any one of claim 12 to 18, wherein, include the 4th heat exchanger extraly, its with at least one after heat pipe screen at least indirect communication, wherein, the temperature of the storage medium stream that the first thermally insulated container from the plurality of thermally insulated container is sent to the second thermally insulated container by the 4th heat exchanger is promoted by the transfer from a part for described second flow of superheated steam to the enthalpy of described storage medium, wherein this is partially between 10% to 90%, and wherein said 10% to 90% comprises 10% and 90% the two endpoint value.

20. the system according to any one of claim 12 to 19, wherein, described thermal energy storage system have with when steamturbine with steam condition its heap(ed) capacity admissible of the 3rd flow of superheated steam under work time generating at least 7 little time suitable thermal energy storage capacity.