CN204661800U - A kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure - Google Patents
A kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN204661800U CN204661800U CN201520387606.5U CN201520387606U CN204661800U CN 204661800 U CN204661800 U CN 204661800U CN 201520387606 U CN201520387606 U CN 201520387606U CN 204661800 U CN204661800 U CN 204661800U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure, it is characterized in that, lifting spindle lower end is coaxially arranged with open holes, open holes bottom shrink-fit is arranged with a copper sheathing and is formed for coordinating the conical cylinder section of locating with electrode upper end frustum section, and copper sheathing internal surface is cone barrel outside surface is cylindrical.It is simple that the utility model has structure, is beneficial to conduction, and the wearing and tearing being beneficial to location fit position are changed, and to increase the service life and to ensure the advantage of fiting effect, is also beneficial to simultaneously and arranges electrode clamping device to realize gripping electrode.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the consumable electrode vacuum furnace of vacuum oven metallurgical industry field, particularly relates to a kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure.
Background technology
Vaccum consumable electrode electric arc furnace is called for short consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure, is in vacuum environment, utilize electric arc as a kind of electric furnace of thermal source smelting metal.Be mainly used in melting refractory metal and rare metal, especially apply widely in titanium or titanium alloy melting field.The structure of vaccum consumable electrode electric arc furnace, comprise the body of heater of built-in crucible, in body of heater, crucible is outside equipped with the cooling water chamber of sandwich-type, vacuum chamber housing is vertically provided with above body of heater, vacuum chamber housing is externally connected with pumped vacuum systems, be arranged with vertical just to the electrode that crucible is arranged in vacuum chamber housing, electrode comprises the transition electrode being positioned at top and the consumable electrode be welded on below transition electrode, transition electrode top is connected on lifting spindle, vacuum chamber housing is passed slidably by slipper seal structure in lifting spindle top, also be provided with the lift control system carrying out being elevated for controlling vacuum chamber housing and lifting spindle.Wherein existing electrode and lifting spindle mode of connection, after being docked by transverse plane, is fixedly clamped to electrode by the fixture on lifting spindle.
This consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structural manufacturing process process is as follows, treat that the metal of remelting first makes consumable electrode, firmly weld with one heart with transition electrode and form electrode, transition electrode clamps by the fixture on lifting spindle, consumable electrode is put in body of heater crucible, self-consuming furnace is airtight, be evacuated to definite value, under lifting spindle, general who has surrendered's consumable electrode delivers to nearly crucible bottom, crucible bottom is placed with heelpiece and starting the arc agent, produce arc discharge by means of consumable electrode and the instant contact risen between electric arc agent and then reach stable arc burning under open circuit voltage, form a certain amount of metal pool. proceed to normal smelting after starting the arc success. conservative control electric current during normal smelting, voltage, speed of melting and vacuum tightness, gas in metal and the impurity of low melting point just can be removed.
In vacuum consumable electrode electric arc remelting processing, the diameter of consumable electrode and crucible diameter should have a rational ratio, electrode diameter too large (close to crucible diameter), impact exhaust, too little, thermosteresis can be made excessive, bath temperature is uneven. and moderate electrode diameter and crucible diameter are made by a certain percentage, if but electrode and crucible die misalignment, i.e. electrode external peripheral surface and crucible inner peripheral surface distance inequality, or electrode and crucible even have point of contact because of die misalignment, then easily produce limit arcing bad crucible wall, because being water coolant outside crucible wall, crucible is punctured then by badly damaged equipment and harm operator personnel safety as there is above-mentioned accident.And existing consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure lifting spindle lower surface selects plane to coordinate with transition electrode mating surface, plane fit system guarantee face when electrode and main shaft coordinate concentricity good contacts well, and conduction is good.As main shaft and electrode decentraction, then because action of gravity center lines of electrodes and spindle centerline there will be certain angle, the generation tolerance clearance that mating surface will be difficult to avoid, main shaft and transition electrode poor fit will produce beats arc phenomenon in a large number, electric current is smelted in impact, and fragile main shaft lower surface or the corresponding mating surface of transition electrode, transition electrode loss is large.Existing consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure main shaft and transition electrode mainly select vertical clamp in clamping, this fixture shortcoming to ensure that chuck and electrode hold the clamping of folder position, self-centering effect can not be played in electrode clamping is installed, thus prior art design can not complete electrode and main shaft and the follow-up operational requirement ensureing centering with crucible easily. and in actually operating, operator are in order to good center, often repeatedly clamp, repeatedly rise and fall constantly adjust the centering situation etc. of electrode and crucible, and can only go to judge that actual centering is measured by eyes, this method precision is very low, personal errors is larger, be difficult to prevent electrode axis between main shaft orientation medullary ray and crucible medullary ray, radial displacement occurring, thus cause in vacuum metling and produce limit arc phenomenon deteriorates crucible wall because of electrode die misalignment, prior art complicated operation, electrode repetitive positioning accuracy is low, operating speed is slow, when being difficult to meet batch production electrode batch replacement with and high precision repeat the requirement of quick position, greatly reduce production efficiency.
In order to solve the problem, applicant devises a kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace, comprise the body of heater of built-in crucible, vacuum chamber housing is vertically provided with above body of heater, vacuum chamber housing lower end and body of heater upper end seal docking separably, vacuum chamber housing is externally connected with pumped vacuum systems, be arranged with vertical just to the electrode that crucible is arranged in vacuum chamber housing, electrode comprises the transition electrode being positioned at top and the consumable electrode be welded on below transition electrode, transition electrode top is connected on lifting spindle, vacuum chamber housing is passed slidably by slipper seal structure in lifting spindle top, also be provided with the lift control system carrying out being elevated for controlling vacuum chamber housing and lifting spindle, described electrode upper end is fixed on lifting spindle lower end by electrode clamping device, wherein, is also provided with the docking structure for realizing electrode self-centering between described electrode upper end and lifting spindle lower end, described docking structure comprises the open holes being positioned at lifting spindle lower end and coaxially arranging, open holes bottom has smaller diameter end conical cylinder section upwards, docking structure also comprises the frustum section being positioned at electrode upper end and coaxially arranging near of end, frustum section smaller diameter end is upwards arranged, after described electrode upper end is inserted into lifting spindle lower end open holes, frustum section can complete snug fit with conical cylinder section.
Like this, after consumable electrode is welded to transition electrode forms electrode integral structure, during installing electrodes, electrode upper end is inserted in the open holes of lifting spindle lower end, by the conical cylinder section snug fit in the frustum section of electrode upper end and lifting spindle lower end open holes, the self-centering to electrode axle center can be completed, and then realize fixing electrode by electrode clamping device.This makes it possible to realize the clamping centering to electrode better, that can reduce that main shaft and transition electrode mating surface poor fit produce beats arc phenomenon, makes that its electrode repetitive positioning accuracy is high, speed is fast.
But wherein, also need to further consider the structure how designing lifting spindle, can be beneficial to conduction, the wearing and tearing being beneficial to location fit position are changed, to increase the service life and to ensure fiting effect, and further facilitate arrange electrode clamping device with realize to problems such as electrode grip.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: how to provide a kind of structure simple, be beneficial to conduction, the wearing and tearing being beneficial to location fit position are changed, to increase the service life and to ensure the consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure of fiting effect, and make it be beneficial to further to arrange electrode clamping device to realize gripping electrode.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model have employed following technical scheme:
A kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure, it is characterized in that, lifting spindle lower end is coaxially arranged with open holes, and open holes bottom shrink-fit is arranged with a copper sheathing and is formed for coordinating the conical cylinder section of locating with electrode upper end frustum section, and copper sheathing internal surface is cone barrel outside surface is cylindrical.
Like this, the conical cylinder section that copper sheathing inner chamber is formed is used for and electrode upper end frustum section coordinates location, can realize self-centering, ensures the centering effect of electrode.Adopt separately copper sheathing to form the location fit face of conical cylinder section, copper sheathing is beneficial to conduction and surface smooth abrasion-proof more simultaneously, simultaneously when after locating surface wearing and tearing, by the mode of dismounting and change copper sheathing, can increase the service life, ensures registration effect.
As optimization, described lifting spindle axle center place is also provided with the axle center hole for installing mandrel.
Like this, the convenient installation realizing mandrel from lifting spindle axle center, utilizes the cooperation that moves up and down of mandrel can arrange electrode clamping device better to realize gripping electrode.
As optimization, the inwall be positioned in described open holes above copper sheathing is also provided with a circle positive stop lug boss.Like this, electrode clamping device can be set to mandrel lower end and the overall movable clamping jaw structure in tapered sleeve shape is set, make its convenient and positive stop lug boss cooperation realization being fixedly clamped to electrode.
As optimization, be positioned at above positive stop lug boss in the open holes of described lifting spindle lower end and be also provided with chute.
Like this, movable jaw outside surface top described in electrode clamping device can arrange evagination slide unit be engaged in slide in chute spacing.Make it ensure in engagement process better, the right alignment between the tapered sleeve that movable jaw surrounds and lifting spindle and electrode, guarantees effect in electrode pair.
As optimization, to be positioned on the inwall above copper sheathing also socket in described open holes and to be embedded with insulation covering, described positive stop lug boss and chute are all formed at described insulation covering internal surface.Like this, the insulation covering be embedded separately, what can be beneficial to this position inner-cavity structure arranges shaping, is convenient for changing to ensure quality of fit after wearing and tearing simultaneously, ensures centering effect.Insulation covering can also realize insulation simultaneously, avoids mandrel upper end to produce and beats arc phenomenon.
In sum, it is simple that the utility model has structure, is beneficial to conduction, and the wearing and tearing being beneficial to location fit position are changed, and to increase the service life and to ensure the advantage of fiting effect, is also beneficial to simultaneously and arranges electrode clamping device to realize gripping electrode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation that have employed the consumable electrode vacuum furnace of the utility model structure.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of independent body of heater, lifting spindle and vacuum chamber housing parts in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail for the consumable electrode vacuum furnace that have employed the utility model structure below in conjunction with a kind of and accompanying drawing thereof.
As shown in Figure 1-2, a kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace, comprise the body of heater 12 of built-in crucible, in body of heater, crucible is outside equipped with the cooling water chamber of sandwich-type, vacuum chamber housing 15 is vertically provided with above body of heater 12, vacuum chamber housing 15 lower end and body of heater upper end seal docking separably, vacuum chamber housing is externally connected with pumped vacuum systems, be arranged with vertical just to the electrode that crucible 14 is arranged in vacuum chamber housing, electrode comprises the transition electrode 1 being positioned at top and the consumable electrode 13 be welded on below transition electrode 1, transition electrode 1 top is connected on lifting spindle 7, vacuum chamber housing is passed slidably by slipper seal structure 16 in lifting spindle 7 top, also be provided with the lift control system carrying out being elevated for controlling vacuum chamber housing and lifting spindle, described electrode upper end is fixed on lifting spindle lower end by electrode clamping device, wherein, is also provided with the docking structure for realizing electrode self-centering between described electrode upper end and lifting spindle lower end.
Wherein, described docking structure comprises the open holes being positioned at lifting spindle 7 lower end and coaxially arranging, open holes bottom has smaller diameter end conical cylinder section upwards, docking structure also comprises the frustum section being positioned at electrode upper end and coaxially arranging near of end, frustum section smaller diameter end is upwards arranged, after described electrode upper end is inserted into lifting spindle lower end open holes, frustum section can complete snug fit with conical cylinder section.
Like this, after consumable electrode is welded to transition electrode forms electrode integral structure, during installing electrodes, electrode upper end is inserted in the open holes of lifting spindle lower end, by the conical cylinder section snug fit in the frustum section of electrode upper end and lifting spindle lower end open holes, the self-centering to electrode axle center can be completed, and then realize fixing electrode by electrode clamping device.This makes it possible to realize the clamping centering to electrode better, that can reduce that main shaft and transition electrode mating surface poor fit produce beats arc phenomenon, makes that its electrode repetitive positioning accuracy is high, speed is fast.
Wherein, described open holes bottom shrink-fit is arranged with a copper sheathing 2 and forms described conical cylinder section, and copper sheathing 2 internal surface is cone barrel outside surface is cylindrical.
Like this, adopt separately copper sheathing to form the location fit face of conical cylinder section, copper sheathing is beneficial to conduction and surface smooth abrasion-proof more, simultaneously when after locating surface wearing and tearing, by the mode of dismounting and change copper sheathing, can ensure registration effect.
Wherein, described electrode upper frustum section lower position is also circumferentially to the boss being outside equipped with two circle clampings.Like this, the convenient clamping movement to electrode is to realize installing location.
Wherein, described electrode clamping device, comprise and be positioned at lifting spindle lower end open holes and the clamping head coaxially arranged with electrode being fixed on end, electrode upper end, clamping head bottom is the arc that inwardly shrinks and is fixedly connected on the frustum section upper end shaft core position of electrode in lower end by the joint pin of coaxial vertical setting, electrode clamping device also comprises a mandrel 6, mandrel 6 is vertically coaxially arranged in the axle center hole at lifting spindle axle center place, mandrel 6 upper end is arranged on lifting spindle upper end by mandrel hoisting appliance and it can be leaned on to control lifting, mandrel lower end is fixedly connected with a horizontally disposed jaw subpanel 4, jaw subpanel 4 periphery evenly offers multiple mounting groove and hingedly can be provided with movable jaw 3 vertical rotating in each mounting groove, movable jaw 3 entirety surrounds the downward tapered sleeve shape of smaller diameter end, and the tapered sleeve lower lumen surrounded and clamping head form fit, the circle positive stop lug boss that the tapered sleeve outside surface that movable jaw surrounds and circumference are arranged on the open holes inwall of lifting spindle lower end coordinates, movable jaw lower end can be forced inwardly to rotate and be fixedly clamped by clamping head by positive stop lug boss when mandrel is moved downward.
Like this, when after electrode butt junction location, mandrel hoisting appliance controls mandrel and moves down, and movable jaw is contacted with the positive stop lug boss in lifting spindle endoporus and is forced to rotate, being fixedly clamped by clamping head; Realize the clamping fastener to main shaft.After making electrode butt junction location like this, grip from inside.The clamp structure adopted greatly can ensure the right alignment requirement clamped, realize blind-mate automatic centering positioning clamping, prevent electrode axial direction due and main shaft orientation medullary ray generation radial displacement, cause in vacuum metling and occur to produce limit arcing bad crucible wall because of electrode die misalignment, occur smelting accident, what greatly reduce that main shaft and transition electrode mating surface produce because of poor fit equally beats arc phenomenon.
Wherein, be positioned at above positive stop lug boss and be also provided with chute in the open holes of described lifting spindle lower end, described movable jaw outside surface top has evagination and is engaged in slide unit in chute.Can ensure in engagement process better like this, the right alignment between the tapered sleeve that movable jaw surrounds and lifting spindle and electrode, guarantees effect in electrode pair.
Wherein, in the lifting spindle lower end open holes of described movable jaw foreign side, socket is embedded with insulation covering 5, and described positive stop lug boss and chute are all formed at described insulation covering 5 internal surface.Like this, the insulation covering be embedded separately, what can be beneficial to this position inner-cavity structure arranges shaping, is convenient for changing to ensure quality of fit after wearing and tearing simultaneously, ensures centering effect.Insulation covering can also realize insulation simultaneously, avoids mandrel upper end to produce and beats arc phenomenon.Further, described mandrel lower end and jaw subpanel junction have one section of insulating material section.To insulate to mandrel further, avoid mandrel upper end to produce and make arc phenomenon and breaking plant.
Wherein, described mandrel hoisting appliance comprises the cylinder body 17 being fixedly mounted on end, lifting spindle upper end, there is in the middle part of the inner chamber in height of cylinder direction dividing plate cylinder body 17 inner chamber is divided into upper and lower two chambers, described mandrel 6 upper end is upward through cylinder body 17 slidably, and be provided with sealing-ring respectively between the dividing plate at mandrel and the upper and lower two ends of cylinder body and middle part and realize dynamic seal, the part that mandrel is positioned at upper and lower two chambers of inner chamber of cylinder block separately level is fixedly installed a piston and inner chamber of cylinder block is divided into four air-pressure chambers that short transverse arranges successively, it is the first cylinder chamber 11 that four cylinder chamber arrange from top to bottom successively, second cylinder chamber 10, 3rd cylinder chamber 9 and four-cylinder room 8, cylinder body is also provided with the pore interface that four respectively with four air-pressure chambers are communicated with.
Like this, the mode controlled by air pressure, controls the lifting of mandrel, controls convenient and swift and simple and reliable for structure.
Wherein, described lift control system, comprise one and be positioned at body of heater side and the rotating disk 26 on ground is fixed in bottom, hydraulic lift is provided with above rotating disk, the lift side 18 of hydraulic lift is fixedly connected with vacuum chamber housing 15 and for driving it to be elevated, and lift side 18 upper end of hydraulic lift is also fixedly installed lifting spindle device and is fixedly connected with lifting spindle 7 and for driving lifting spindle 7 to be elevated.Described lifting spindle device comprises the leading screw 27 that is vertically arranged at the lift side upper end of hydraulic lift, leading screw 27 and leading screw control motor and are connected and it can be leaned on to control to rotate, leading screw is equipped with a nut and forms screw nut driven pair, nut is fixedly connected with lifting spindle 7 by connecting arm.
Like this, the synchronization lifting that lift control system can realize vacuum chamber housing and lifting spindle controls, also the independent elevating control to lifting spindle can be realized, there is structure simple, control convenient and swift, the feature that moving process is reliable and stable, the rotation that simultaneously can realize vacuum chamber housing and lifting spindle controls, with operations such as conveniently assemble and disassemble maintenances.
Wherein, described pumped vacuum systems comprises the pump-line 28 be connected with vacuum chamber housing, pump-line 28 two Roots vaccum pumps 22 have been arranged in series away from vacuum chamber shell one end, 23 and a sliding valve vacuum pump 25, two Roots vaccum pump rear ends and the pump-line between front end and sliding valve vacuum pump are also respectively arranged with a prime control valve 21, 24, pump-line is also provided with the bypass duct with the prime control valve parallel connection of two Roots vaccum pumps and its rear end, bypass duct is provided with bypass control valve 20, the pump-line 28 at bypass duct rear is also connected with the first bypass pipe 19 of belt switch valve, pump-line between the prime control valve of two Roots vaccum pump front ends and sliding valve vacuum pump is also connected with the second bypass pipe 29 of belt switch valve.Wherein, when vacuumizing, air current flow direction is front.
Like this, pumped vacuum systems have employed two circuits, when vacuumizing, first can close the first bypass pipe and the second bypass pipe; Open the prime control valve of bypass duct and two Roots vaccum pump front ends, close the prime control valve of two Roots vaccum pump rear ends, close the second bypass pipe, carry out forvacuum by sliding valve vacuum pump.Be extracted in advance to a certain degree, close the bypass control valve on bypass duct, open the prime control valve of two Roots vaccum pump front ends, open the second bypass pipe, carry out the degree of depth by two Roots vaccum pumps and vacuumize.This ensure that the quick of vacuum, reliably, the high and not easily injury device of the degree that vacuumizes, extension device work-ing life.After smelting, the first bypass pipe can be opened and exit, after band body of heater internal gas pressure balance, then remove vacuum chamber housing, ensure that air pressure impacts and bring potential safety hazard.
Claims (5)
1. a consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure, it is characterized in that, lifting spindle lower end is coaxially arranged with open holes, and open holes bottom shrink-fit is arranged with a copper sheathing and is formed for coordinating the conical cylinder section of locating with electrode upper end frustum section, and copper sheathing internal surface is cone barrel outside surface is cylindrical.
2. consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lifting spindle axle center place is also provided with the axle center hole for installing mandrel.
3. consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inwall be positioned in described open holes above copper sheathing is also provided with a circle positive stop lug boss.
4. consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, be positioned at above positive stop lug boss and be also provided with chute in the open holes of described lifting spindle lower end.
5. consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, to be positioned on the inwall above copper sheathing also socket in described open holes and to be embedded with insulation covering, described positive stop lug boss and chute are all formed at described insulation covering internal surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520387606.5U CN204661800U (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | A kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520387606.5U CN204661800U (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | A kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204661800U true CN204661800U (en) | 2015-09-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520387606.5U Expired - Fee Related CN204661800U (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | A kind of consumable electrode vacuum furnace lifting spindle structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN204661800U (en) |
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2015
- 2015-06-08 CN CN201520387606.5U patent/CN204661800U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150923 Termination date: 20210608 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |