CN204651887U - A kind of detection of electrical leakage and protective circuit - Google Patents
A kind of detection of electrical leakage and protective circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN204651887U CN204651887U CN201520278277.0U CN201520278277U CN204651887U CN 204651887 U CN204651887 U CN 204651887U CN 201520278277 U CN201520278277 U CN 201520278277U CN 204651887 U CN204651887 U CN 204651887U
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种漏电检测及保护电路，属于电子控制和日常生活技术领域。本实用新型包括信号采集放大器、整流滤波器、A/D转换器、单片机、液晶显示器5、继电器、稳压电路；所述信号采集放大器与整流滤波器相连，整流滤波器与A/D转换器相连，A/D转换器与单片机相连，单片机与液晶显示器和继电器相连，稳压电路与信号采集放大器相连。本实用新型适用范围广，实用性强；检测精度高，该电路检测精度为0.02mA；可以直观显示漏电流大小；安全；节能。
The utility model relates to a leakage detection and protection circuit, which belongs to the technical field of electronic control and daily life. The utility model comprises a signal acquisition amplifier, a rectification filter, an A/D converter, a single-chip microcomputer, a liquid crystal display 5, a relay, and a voltage stabilizing circuit; the signal acquisition amplifier is connected with a rectification filter, and the rectification filter is connected with an A/D converter The A/D converter is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the liquid crystal display and the relay, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the signal acquisition amplifier. The utility model has wide application range and strong practicability; the detection precision is high, and the detection precision of the circuit is 0.02mA; the leakage current can be visually displayed; the utility model is safe and energy-saving.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种漏电检测及保护电路，属于电子控制和日常生活技术领域。 The utility model relates to a leakage detection and protection circuit, which belongs to the technical field of electronic control and daily life.
背景技术 Background technique
虽然，现大部分住宅楼都安装了漏电保护装置，但发生漏电时会导致整幢楼停电，会扩大影响面积，影响其他正常用户用电。若在每户电表后面安装保护电路，在发生漏电事故时只会使漏电用户停电而不影响其他用户。该电路还可以用于各种家用电器，现在我们生活都离不开电器，经常会因个别电器故障导致断电。例如：洗衣机、热水器、电饭煲等。洗衣机在使用年限长之后，即使接头处安全，也会因内部线路绝缘老化损坏导致漏电，而在洗衣过程中接触水会大大增加触电可能性，而一般家用保护开关不能做出反应切断整个电路。使用该保护电路在发生漏电时会自动切断洗衣机供电而不影响其他用电器使用；热水器、电饭煲同样在漏电时很可能会导致人体触电，造成伤害，使用保护电路可大大增加用户用电安全，并且防止漏电现象继续存在，从而节省电能。而在电器正常时该保护电路不会影响电器的正常使用。该漏电保护电路可以根据实际需要调整漏电允许值，使保护电路在漏电流达到所设定值时切断电流。 Although most residential buildings are now equipped with leakage protection devices, when a leakage occurs, it will cause a power outage in the entire building, which will expand the affected area and affect the electricity consumption of other normal users. If a protective circuit is installed behind the ammeter of each household, when an electric leakage accident occurs, only the electric leakage user will be cut off without affecting other users. This circuit can also be used in various household appliances. Nowadays, we cannot live without electrical appliances, and often cause power outages due to individual electrical failures. For example: washing machine, water heater, rice cooker, etc. After the washing machine has been used for a long time, even if the joints are safe, it will cause leakage due to the aging and damage of the internal circuit insulation, and contact with water during the washing process will greatly increase the possibility of electric shock, and the general household protection switch cannot respond to cut off the entire circuit. The use of this protection circuit will automatically cut off the power supply of the washing machine in the event of a leakage without affecting the use of other electrical appliances; water heaters and rice cookers are also likely to cause electric shock to the human body and cause injury when the leakage occurs. Using the protection circuit can greatly increase the user's electricity safety, and Prevent the leakage phenomenon from continuing to exist, thereby saving electric energy. And when the electric appliance is normal, the protection circuit will not affect the normal use of the electric appliance. The leakage protection circuit can adjust the allowable value of leakage according to actual needs, so that the protection circuit cuts off the current when the leakage current reaches a set value.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本实用新型提供了一种漏电检测及保护电路，以用于解决发生漏电时及时进行检测及保护的问题。 The utility model provides a leakage detection and protection circuit, which is used to solve the problem of timely detection and protection when leakage occurs.
本实用新型的技术方案是：一种漏电检测及保护电路，包括信号采集放大器1、整流滤波器2、A/D转换器3、单片机4、液晶显示器5、继电器6、稳压电路7； The technical scheme of the utility model is: a leakage detection and protection circuit, including a signal acquisition amplifier 1, a rectifier filter 2, an A/D converter 3, a single-chip microcomputer 4, a liquid crystal display 5, a relay 6, and a voltage stabilizing circuit 7;
所述信号采集放大器1与整流滤波器2相连，整流滤波器2与A/D转换器3相连，A/D转换器3与单片机4相连，单片机4与液晶显示器5和继电器6相连，稳压电路7与信号采集放大器1相连。 The signal acquisition amplifier 1 is connected with the rectification filter 2, and the rectification filter 2 is connected with the A/D converter 3, and the A/D converter 3 is connected with the single-chip microcomputer 4, and the single-chip microcomputer 4 is connected with the liquid crystal display 5 and the relay 6, and voltage stabilization The circuit 7 is connected with the signal acquisition amplifier 1 .
所述信号采集放大器1的电阻R1两端与电流互感器的副边绕组相连，电容C1的一端与电阻R1相连另一端与电阻R1的另一端相连，电阻R2的一端与电容C1一端相连，另一端与运算放大器T1反相输入端相连，电阻R3的一端与电容C1另一端相连，另一端与运算放大器T1的同相输入端相连，电阻R4的两端分别接到运算放大器T1的反相输入端和输出端； The two ends of the resistor R1 of the signal acquisition amplifier 1 are connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the resistor R1 and the other end is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, and the other end is connected to the capacitor C1. One end is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier T1, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier T1, and the two ends of the resistor R4 are respectively connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier T1 and output;
整流滤波器2的电容C2一端接运算放大器T1的输出另一端接电阻R5，电阻R5的另一端接地，二极管D1的一端接电容C2另一端接电阻R6，电阻R7分别接到电阻R6的另一端和运算放大器T2的同相输入端，电容C3一端接二极管D1的负端另一端接电阻R8，电容C4分别接到电阻R6和电阻R8的一端，电容C5一端接电阻R7另一端接电阻R8，电阻R8的另一端接运算放大器T2的反相输入端，电阻R9分别接运算放大器T2的反相输入端和输出端； One end of the capacitor C2 of the rectifier filter 2 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier T1 and the other end is connected to the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded, one end of the diode D1 is connected to the capacitor C2 and the other end is connected to the resistor R6, and the resistor R7 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R6 and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier T2, one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the negative end of the diode D1 and the other end is connected to the resistor R8, the capacitor C4 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R6 and the resistor R8, one end of the capacitor C5 is connected to the resistor R7 and the other end is connected to the resistor R8 The other end of R8 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier T2, and the resistor R9 is respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier T2;
A/D转换器3接到运算放大器T2的输出端；稳压电路7的电阻R10一端接二极管D2一端接电源，二极管D2的一端接电阻R3另一端接地。 The A/D converter 3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier T2; one end of the resistor R10 of the voltage stabilizing circuit 7 is connected to the diode D2 and the other end is connected to the power supply, and one end of the diode D2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3 to be grounded.
本实用新型的工作过程是： The working process of the present utility model is:
电流互感器对电流进行采样并把采集到的电流信号经过信号采集放大器1进行信号放大之后把放大后的信号送到A/D转换器3转换为数字信号发送给单片机4，液晶显示器5对漏电流进行显示，单片机4实时检测漏电流是否大于设定值，如果大于设定值，单片机4发送切断电路的信号给继电器6，继电器6动作切断电流，从而实现电路的保护，等待检修。 The current transformer samples the current and amplifies the collected current signal through the signal acquisition amplifier 1, and then sends the amplified signal to the A/D converter 3 to convert it into a digital signal and send it to the single-chip microcomputer 4, and the liquid crystal display 5 pairs the drain The current is displayed, and the single-chip microcomputer 4 detects in real time whether the leakage current is greater than the set value. If it is greater than the set value, the single-chip microcomputer 4 sends a signal to cut off the circuit to the relay 6, and the relay 6 acts to cut off the current, thereby realizing circuit protection and waiting for maintenance.
其中，《基于AT89S52单片机的自动温控电风扇设计》，张兆朋，测控技术。的论文中已经阐述了单片机能够实现控制电流的切断及闭合。 Among them, "Design of Automatic Temperature Control Electric Fan Based on AT89S52 Microcontroller", Zhang Zhaopeng, measurement and control technology. It has been stated in the thesis that the single-chip microcomputer can realize the cutting and closing of the control current.
本实用新型的有益效果是： The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1、现有漏电保护器都是根据内部元件电气参数动作断开电路，不同型号的漏电保护器有其适用范围。而且一般家用电路所使用的漏电保护器在漏电流较小时不会动作，长时间处在这种情况下运行不能达到节约电能的效果。而该漏电保护电路适用范围广，实用性强。 1. Existing leakage protectors operate and disconnect the circuit according to the electrical parameters of internal components, and different types of leakage protectors have their scope of application. Moreover, the leakage protector used in general household circuits will not operate when the leakage current is small, and the effect of saving electric energy cannot be achieved if it is operated under this condition for a long time. The leakage protection circuit has a wide application range and strong practicability.
2、检测精度高，该电路检测精度为0.02mA。 2. High detection accuracy, the circuit detection accuracy is 0.02mA.
3、该漏电保护电路具有漏电流大小显示功能，可以直观显示漏电流大小。 3. The leakage protection circuit has the function of displaying the magnitude of the leakage current, which can visually display the magnitude of the leakage current.
4、安全：在电器使用过程中漏电流很小的时候，一般的漏电保护装置不会动作，但是人体接触该电器时会有明显的触电感觉，该漏电检测保护电路就能弥补这方面的不足，达到安全保护的目的。 4. Safety: When the leakage current is very small during the use of electrical appliances, the general leakage protection device will not operate, but when the human body touches the electrical appliance, there will be an obvious electric shock feeling, and the leakage detection and protection circuit can make up for this deficiency. , to achieve the purpose of security protection.
5、节能：该电路可以在漏电电流很小的情况下就切断电流，弥补了现在市面上其他漏电检测装置的不足，能实现充分节约电能的目的。 5. Energy saving: the circuit can cut off the current when the leakage current is very small, which makes up for the shortage of other leakage detection devices on the market, and can fully save electric energy.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的电路原理图； Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the utility model;
图中各标号：1为信号采集放大器、2为整流滤波器、3为A/D转换器、4为单片机、5为液晶显示器、6为继电器、7为稳压电路。 Each label in the figure: 1 is a signal acquisition amplifier, 2 is a rectifier filter, 3 is an A/D converter, 4 is a single-chip microcomputer, 5 is a liquid crystal display, 6 is a relay, and 7 is a voltage stabilizing circuit.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例1：如图1所示，一种漏电检测及保护电路，包括信号采集放大器1、整流滤波器2、A/D转换器3、单片机4、液晶显示器5、继电器6、稳压电路7； Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1, a leakage detection and protection circuit includes a signal acquisition amplifier 1, a rectifier filter 2, an A/D converter 3, a single-chip microcomputer 4, a liquid crystal display 5, a relay 6, and a voltage stabilizing circuit 7 ;
所述信号采集放大器1与整流滤波器2相连，整流滤波器2与A/D转换器3相连，A/D转换器3与单片机4相连，单片机4与液晶显示器5和继电器6相连，稳压电路7与信号采集放大器1相连。 The signal acquisition amplifier 1 is connected with the rectification filter 2, and the rectification filter 2 is connected with the A/D converter 3, and the A/D converter 3 is connected with the single-chip microcomputer 4, and the single-chip microcomputer 4 is connected with the liquid crystal display 5 and the relay 6, and voltage stabilization The circuit 7 is connected with the signal acquisition amplifier 1 .
所述信号采集放大器1的电阻R1两端与电流互感器的副边绕组相连，电容C1的一端与电阻R1相连另一端与电阻R1的另一端相连，电阻R2的一端与电容C1一端相连，另一端与运算放大器T1反相输入端相连，电阻R3的一端与电容C1另一端相连，另一端与运算放大器T1的同相输入端相连，电阻R4的两端分别接到运算放大器T1的反相输入端和输出端； The two ends of the resistor R1 of the signal acquisition amplifier 1 are connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the resistor R1 and the other end is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, and the other end is connected to the capacitor C1. One end is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier T1, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, the other end is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier T1, and the two ends of the resistor R4 are respectively connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier T1 and output;
整流滤波器2的电容C2一端接运算放大器T1的输出另一端接电阻R5，电阻R5的另一端接地，二极管D1的一端接电容C2另一端接电阻R6，电阻R7分别接到电阻R6的另一端和运算放大器T2的同相输入端，电容C3一端接二极管D1的负端另一端接电阻R8，电容C4分别接到电阻R6和电阻R8的一端，电容C5一端接电阻R7另一端接电阻R8，电阻R8的另一端接运算放大器T2的反相输入端，电阻R9分别接运算放大器T2的反相输入端和输出端； One end of the capacitor C2 of the rectifier filter 2 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier T1 and the other end is connected to the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded, one end of the diode D1 is connected to the capacitor C2 and the other end is connected to the resistor R6, and the resistor R7 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R6 and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier T2, one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the negative end of the diode D1 and the other end is connected to the resistor R8, the capacitor C4 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R6 and the resistor R8, one end of the capacitor C5 is connected to the resistor R7 and the other end is connected to the resistor R8 The other end of R8 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier T2, and the resistor R9 is respectively connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier T2;
A/D转换器3接到运算放大器T2的输出端；稳压电路7的电阻R10一端接二极管D2一端接电源，二极管D2的一端接电阻R3另一端接地。 The A/D converter 3 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier T2; one end of the resistor R10 of the voltage stabilizing circuit 7 is connected to the diode D2 and the other end is connected to the power supply, and one end of the diode D2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3 to be grounded.
实施例2：如图1所示，一种漏电检测及保护电路，包括信号采集放大器1、整流滤波器2、A/D转换器3、单片机4、液晶显示器5、继电器6、稳压电路7； Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 1, a leakage detection and protection circuit includes a signal acquisition amplifier 1, a rectifier filter 2, an A/D converter 3, a single-chip microcomputer 4, a liquid crystal display 5, a relay 6, and a voltage stabilizing circuit 7 ;
所述信号采集放大器1与整流滤波器2相连，整流滤波器2与A/D转换器3相连，A/D转换器3与单片机4相连，单片机4与液晶显示器5和继电器6相连，稳压电路7与信号采集放大器1相连。 The signal acquisition amplifier 1 is connected with the rectification filter 2, and the rectification filter 2 is connected with the A/D converter 3, and the A/D converter 3 is connected with the single-chip microcomputer 4, and the single-chip microcomputer 4 is connected with the liquid crystal display 5 and the relay 6, and voltage stabilization The circuit 7 is connected with the signal acquisition amplifier 1 .
上面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式作了详细说明，但是本实用新型并不限于上述实施方式，在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本实用新型宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。 The specific implementation of the utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation. Various changes are made.
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| CN111983505A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-24 | 江苏新安电器股份有限公司 | Washing machine electric leakage detection system |
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