CN204643983U - A kind of reverse osmosis water purification units - Google Patents
A kind of reverse osmosis water purification units Download PDFInfo
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- CN204643983U CN204643983U CN201520053121.2U CN201520053121U CN204643983U CN 204643983 U CN204643983 U CN 204643983U CN 201520053121 U CN201520053121 U CN 201520053121U CN 204643983 U CN204643983 U CN 204643983U
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of reverse osmosis water purification units, comprise water intake ball valve (1), microstraining core (2), granulated active carbon filter core (3), sintering activity charcoal filter core (4) preposition pre-treatment, rearmounted filter core (10), water tap (11), entering water electromagnetic valve (5), reverse checkvalve B (9), Pressured water tank (16), water full gate closes (15), lack of water switch (20), it is characterized in that device arranges MCU (17), PWM drives (18), diaphragm booster pump (6), reverse osmosis membrane (8), pulsed drive (19), Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14), pressure difference switch (31), pressure probe (13), indicating meter (36), operating side (37), MCU (17) drives (18) to regulate PWM dutycycle mode to regulate diaphragm booster pump (6) power by PWM, and then controls reverse osmosis membrane (8) surperficial operating pressure, the pass that MCU (17) controls Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) in a pulsed fashion by pulsed drive (19) is opened, and regulates former water and reverse osmosis membrane (8) duration of contact with this, pressure difference switch (31) or pressure probe (13) are surperficial for reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure signal feedback to MCU (17), and MCU (17) regulates PWM dutycycle according to the program of feedback signal and setting in advance, plant running information displaying, in indicating meter (36), manually revises MCU (17) operating parameter by operating side (37).
Description
Technical field
A kind of reverse osmosis water purification units, design in reverse osmosis membrane mesoporous diffusion separation principle according to water molecules, its feature comprises MCU (17) and drives (18) to regulate PWM dutycycle mode to regulate diaphragm booster pump (6) service rating by PWM, and then controls reverse osmosis membrane (8) surperficial operating pressure; The pass that MCU (17) controls Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) in a pulsed fashion by pulsed drive (19) is opened, former water and reverse osmosis membrane (8) duration of contact is regulated with this, make water molecules by reverse osmosis membrane (8) aperture diffusion to pure water side, and by adjustment mode water production control rate duration of contact and the soluble mineral salts contg producing water; Pressure difference switch (31) or pressure probe (13) surperficial for reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure signal feedback to MCU (17), MCU (17) regulates PWM dutycycle according to the program of feedback signal and setting in advance, forms pressure feedback mechanism; Plant running information displaying, in indicating meter (36), revises MCU (17) operating parameter by MCU (17) automatic or manual operating side (37).
Background technology
Current reverse osmosis water purification units is all the reverse osmosis Design Theory according to classics: there is the solution of different concns reverse osmosis membrane both sides, dilute solution has larger partial potential, solvent can shift to denseer side from compared with dilute solution through semi-permeable membranes, strong solution side liquid level raises, this is naturally osmotic, and difference of altitude is exactly osmotic pressure; If oppositely apply pressure to overcome osmotic pressure, strong solution side solvent will overcome partial potential power to the transfer of dilute solution side, and this is reverse osmosis.
This principle design needs oppositely pressurization, and therefore reverse osmosis water purification units all wants a topping-up pump; Reverse osmosis surface can produce concentration polarization layer, and at certain pressure with under producing water speed, concentration polarization layer thickness can constantly increase, and therefore needs effluent.Usually, waste water ratio reaches 1:3, and this ratio sharply declines with temperature, often declines 1 DEG C, and producing water ratio declines 5%, and winter reaches 1:7.This principle has many improvement for waste water aspect at present; If return of waste water is to water source, this technology has uncertain safety or psychological factor to public drinking-water, makes this technology not possess market acceptance; Special wastewater barrel connects waste water reuse technology, relevant control technical sophistication, and as needs, special messenger follows the tracks of bucket water level etc., difficult in operation; Water local circulation interval effluent technology, because the factor affecting reverse osmosis operating pressure is many, make its product performance be difficult to accomplish the consistence of industrial standards, operation condition does not have consistence.Even standard reverse osmosis purifier, its source pressure, pump performance, the correlative factors such as waste water ratio are complicated, become every platform machine operational conditions gap huge.In addition, a lot of soon than dissolvable mine material molecular velocity through the speed of reverse osmosis membrane according to the reverse osmosis water purification units water molecules of this principle design, cause product content of mineral substances of water almost can ignore.According to the data of statistical method, tap water content of mineral substances height has definite dependency with cardiovascular disorder, and mountain spring water source does not almost have mineral substance, and the probability suffering from apoplexy is higher.But polluting today that the situation is tense, reverse osmosis is again the preferably selection of having to.
Classical reverse osmosis theory (principle) just describes solvent under pressure-driven, overcome partial potential power from strong solution side through semi-permeable membrane (reverse osmosis) to comparatively dilute solution side reverse osmosis phenomenon, be not the selective separation principle that reverse osmosis (semi-permeable membranes) can be separated solvents.Selective separation principle is only the real principle that reverse osmosis water purification units is separated pure water.Therefore " reverse osmosis " is used to name semi-permeable membranes (reverse osmosis water quality) treatment unit (technology) to be inaccurate.For the convenience described, still adopt " reverse osmosis " this title at this.Semi-permeable membranes comprises nanofiltration and RO reverse osmosis membrane.
Reverse osmosis membrane (semi-permeable membranes) selective separation solvents separation principle classical theory has three kinds:
1。Solubility-diffusion model
The people such as Lonsdale provide an explanation the solubility-diffusion model of reverse osmosis phenomenon.He sees the active surface cortex of reverse osmosis the film of dense non-porous as, and supposes that solute and solvent can be dissolved in the nonporous membrane upper layer of homogeneous, and the partial potential that each comfortable concentration or pressure cause diffuses through film under promoting.The difference of solubleness and solute and solvent film mutually in diffusible differentia influence their the energy size by film.Its detailed process is divided into: the first step, and solute and solvent adsorb outward at the feed liquid side surface of film and dissolve; Second step, does not interact between solute and solvent, they under the promotion of respective chemical potential difference with the active coating of molecular diffusion mode by reverse osmosis membrane; 3rd step, solute and solvent are in the permeate side surface desorb of film.
At above solute and solvent through in the process of film, generally suppose the first step, that the 3rd step is carried out is very fast, now transmission rates depends on second step, and namely solute and solvent pass through film in molecular diffusion mode under the promotion of chemical potential difference.Due to the selectivity of film, gaseous mixture or liquid mixture are separated.And the penetrating power of material, not only depend on spread coefficient, and be decided by its solubleness in film.
2. Preferential adsorption-pore stream is theoretical
When being dissolved with different sorts material in liquid, will there is different changes in its surface tension.Such as, be dissolved with the organic substances such as alcohol, acid, aldehyde, fat in water, its surface tension can be made to reduce, but dissolve in some inorganic salts, its surface tension is made to have increased slightly on the contrary, this is because the dispersion of solute is uneven, namely the concentration of solute in solution surface layer is different with solution concentration inside, the surface adsorption phenomenon of Here it is solution.When the aqueous solution contacts with high-molecular porous film, if the chemical property of film makes film negative adsorption to solute, be preferential positive adsorption to water, then the certain thickness pure water layer will forming one deck tunicle and adsorb on film and solution interface.It by the pore by film surface, thus can obtain pure water under external pressure.
3. hydrogen bond is theoretical
In cellulose acetate, due to the effect of hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force, in film, there are crystalline phase region and amorphous phase region two portions.There is mortise between macromole and arranged in parallel be crystalline phase region, and completely unordered between macromole be amorphous phase region, water and solute can not enter crystalline phase region.In the place close to cellulose acetate molecule, the Sauerstoffatom on water and cellulose acetate carbonyl can form hydrogen bond and form so-called Bound moisture.After cellulose acetate has adsorbed the first layer water molecules, the very big decline of water molecules entropy can be caused, form the structure being similar to ice.In the space, hole that amorphous phase region is larger, the occupation rate of Bound moisture is very low, the water of ordinary construction is there is in the central authorities in hole, the lewis' acid that can not form hydrogen bond with cellulose acetate membrane then enters Bound moisture, and move with orderly diffusion way, by constantly change and cellulose acetate formation hydrogen bond position pass through film.
Under pressure, the activation point of the water molecules in solution and cellulose acetate---the Sauerstoffatom on carbonyl forms hydrogen bond, and the hydrogen bond that original water molecules is formed is disconnected, water molecules dissociates out and moves on to next activation thereupon and puts and form new hydrogen bond, so formed by a series of hydrogen bond and disconnect, water molecules is made to leave the fine and close active coating on film surface and enter the porous layer of film.Because porous layer contains a large amount of capillary waters, water molecules can outside unimpeded outflow film.
Above three kinds of theories all can find relevant evidence to prove, real scientific in principle circle does not find unified saying yet, microcosmic angle we still it can be thought of as aperture diffusion and filter, reverse osmosis membrane producing water ratio/product water speed affects by physical temperature hugely also can infer that its essence is also bore filter.It permeates about 0.0001 micron, aperture, can through the material of molecular weight less than 150.The bore filter of microcosmic nanoscale liquid molecule is subject to solid geometry structural shape, the partial potential (Gibbs free energy) of the material molecule forming aperture, chemical bond (nucleus is to electronics magnetism), the impact of material charge polarity (Van der Waals electrostatic low force), it is for overcoming this several resistance that dense water side applies pressure.From conventional reverse osmosis overcome single partial potential permeate be pressed with delicate different, although all need pressure-driven.
After dense water side applies pressure, overcome the free energy between each material molecule in water, the magnetism between atomic electrons, the charge polarity effect of material surface, water molecules penetrates reverse osmosis membrane materials and arrives dilute side, dense water film surface forms concentration polarization layer, forms concentration difference with former water; Le Xiate column balancing principle, as long as the speed of control pressure or product water, lighter former water has larger partial potential, water molecules gradually compensate to concentration polarization layer, the solvable mineral of concentration polarization layer are far longer than the speed (ratio) of former mineral substances of water to concentration polarization layer to the speed of light former water diffusion, these two concentration differences will tend to be balanced gradually like this, and make it concentration equal, concentration polarization layer thickness does not continue to increase.This well explains, and why conventional reverse osmosis flowage structure normally uses down, the non-rectilinear linear ratio relation of the different TDS of water without the problem of solvable mineral salt crystallization, and is produced in the corner that Wash flow cannot arrive forever under producing water speed with former water different pressures.
Control the just right operating pressure of reverse osmosis membrane surface water yield formation, carry out the speed of water production control, concentration polarization layer is not continued to increase, make it to reach the optimal balance point that continues to produce water, make dense water side soluble mineral salt concn control below parsing concentration simultaneously, the carrying out that process of osmosis continues is the key element that reverse osmosis membrane water molecules dissolves separation by diffusion principle.Large reverse osmosis equipment has product water pressure and the dense water side soluble mineral salt concn of special structural manufacturing process flow process detecting adjustment reverse osmosis membrane, also by the mode water production control speed of multi-stage reverse osmosis film cascade, make it meet water molecules and dissolve separation by diffusion principle mandates at reverse osmosis membrane, producing water ratio reaches more than 75%, but its principle of design remains classical principle of reverse osmosis.
Small reverse osmosis topping-up pump is surge pump, and comparatively speaking, surge pump is more suitable for small-sized, as domestic applications.Surge pump feature is that flows per unit time is little, is pressurised into pulse mode; In the use of reality, the factor affecting reverse osmosis membrane operating pressure is a lot, as the performance of pump individuality, tap water hydraulic, the retardance pressure drop that filter core causes duration of service, depends merely on the operating pressure that waste water ratio is difficult to fine adjustment reverse osmosis membrane, and waste water ratio is again the most feasible mode regulating pressure; Different raw water quality needs different producing water ratios to be also regulate waste water to reach by waste water ratio mechanism simultaneously, this just makes system become relative complex, need many-sided parameter foundation, if and the difficulty accurately having realization accomplished by needs, particularly meets steady operation pressure waste water ratio different from different former water and requires more without the possibility realized simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
According to above aperture diffusion principle and Le Xiate column balancing principle, the utility model controls the operating pressure of reverse osmosis membrane by the power mode of variable frequency control topping-up pump, by controlling the speed of operating pressure mode water production control, and then control the thickness of concentration polarization layer, meet aperture diffusion principle mandates.Discharge the waste water after concentrating by the mode of interval effluent, the mineral concentration of former water is remained on and resolves below concentration, product water process lasts is carried out, meets equilibrium principle.Meet the incompressibility of water to the impact of diaphragm booster pump operating pressure oscillations by the mode increasing buffer tank voltage stabilizing in topping-up pump rear end, make frequency conversion pressure feedback mechanism more accurately steadily.Pulse mode controls the open and close controlling discharge of wastewater of Wastewater by Electric magnet valve, reverse osmosis membrane is controlled and water duration of contact (flow velocity) makes water molecules aperture diffusion to pure water side, regulating impulse intermittent mode water production control rate and produce the soluble mineral salts contg of water with this.
the utility model reaches its technical scheme required: principle is aperture diffusion principle and Le Xiate column balancing principle, reverse osmosis water purification units comprises preposition pre-treatment, programmable microcomputer MCU, PWM variable frequency drive, diaphragm booster pump, reverse osmosis membrane, buffer tank, pulsed drive, impulse electromagnetic valve, pressure switch and pressure probe, TDS water quality is popped one's head in;
PWM duty ratio adjusting circuit regulates diaphragm booster pump power, and then regulates the operating pressure on RO reverse osmosis membrane surface.Pressure switch and pressure probe feedback pressure, through MCU time variable control PWM dutycycle, form the Feedback mechanism of topping-up pump power and reverse osmosis membrane operating pressure.Interval effluent device makes the mineral concentration of dense water side water remain on mineral salt and resolves below concentration, makes product water continue to carry out.
The buffer tank mode increasing compressible internal volume overcomes the pulse characteristic of the incompressible characteristic of water and surge pump supercharging, makes the effect of reverse osmosis membrane surface pressure more stable; Also make pressure feedback more steady, and then make freq uency conversion supercharging pump back-to-back running mechanism, RO reverse osmosis membrane surface pressure more stable.Increase TDS water quality probe feedback TDS water quality data, MCU regulates the opening/closing time interval of effluent device, to regulate the duration of contact of reverse osmosis membrane and current, the rate of feeding of former water, reverse osmosis produced water layer and water purification (pure water side) solvable mineral salt concentration according to TDS water quality probe water quality data pulse mode.
the beneficial effect of the utility model device is:
Under reverse osmosis membrane is operated in optimum pressure, meet reverse osmosis membrane aperture diffusion principle mandates, reverse osmosis membrane performance is stablized, and the life-span is long, produces water quality stabilizing.
Energy-conservation, topping-up pump runs mean power and is about conventional reverse osmosis 85%.Because of the incompressibility of water, cause conventional reverse osmosis inefficiency, pump operation load is large, this device is by frequency conversion and introduce the compressible buffer tank mode of internal volume, by the conversion of volumetric spaces and the storage of energy, and the storage of water, reach the operational efficiency object improving topping-up pump.
Producing water ratio is high, is regulated the duration of contact of reverse osmosis membrane and water by electronic program, and then improves producing water ratio, and reduce waste water, producing water ratio reaches minimum 65%, in low TDS value area if mountain spring area is close to 95%.
Save water, with water less than 3/1 of conventional reverse osmosis.
Filter element life is long; Producing water ratio is high, and waste water is few, and it is few that meaning filter core crosses water, and filter core load is little, and filter element life extends more than three times.
Bulk article has the relative uniformity of operation, the built-in automatic pressure control mechanism of device, discharge of wastewater is controlled by accurate electronic clock, (electronic clock can manually regulate arbitrarily according to water quality requirement), operating pressure and tap water pressure have nothing to do, and all machine operation conditions have relative consistence.
Meet steady operation pressure and the requirement of different former water different waste water ratio, water quality is applied widely simultaneously.Pressure control structure makes operating pressure and source pressure have nothing to do.According to former water quality regulation effluent time interval, and electronic program regulates, and it is extremely convenient to regulate, and adapts to various places water quality, meets various water quality requirement.
Overcome the low problem of producing water ratio in winter, reverse osmosis runs and is mainly stressed and electronic time time variable control, temperature affects film and produces water speed, produce water speed by regulating reverse osmosis membrane and the water method that round-the-clock duration of contact, (flow velocity) compensated, final producing water ratio not temperature influence, overcomes the problem that conventional reverse osmosis producing water ratio in winter is low.
Produce water and have mineral substance, and content of mineral substances electronic program or artificial adjustable arbitrarily within the specific limits.By regulating the duration of contact of effluent time intermittent regulation reverse osmosis membrane and former water, and then improve former mineral substances of water concentration, raising is less than the method for the mineral substance ratio of 150 through molecular weight, product water is made to have the molecular weight of certainty ratio to be less than the mineral substance of 150, mineral substance as useful to human body in calcium carbonate, Magnesium Silicate q-agent etc., overcomes dissolvable mine material molecule through the slower problem of reverse osmosis membrane materials.
Equipment range of application is wider, energy storage, storage pressure, water storage make topping-up pump operation more efficient, are not changing power, booster motor power, in topping-up pump flows per unit time situation, device can configure the film of different size, meets than conventional configuration requirements at the higher level needs; For the miniaturization big yield osmotic treated that is all-trans provides the operability of technology.
Be applicable to without tap water source side case, producing water ratio is high, and waste water is controlled and few, is applicable to without tap water source side case.Conventional reverse osmosis wastewater rate is high, makes not possess technological operation without tap water source side case, and therefore general anhydrous source side case all uses ultrafiltration or gac water purification technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the reverse osmosis water quality treatment system schematic diagram of the utility model device
Fig. 2 is the schematic circuit diagram of the utility model device
Fig. 3 is that the circuit of the utility model device connects embodiment 1
Fig. 4 is the reverse osmosis water quality treatment system embodiment 1 of the utility model device
Fig. 5 is the reverse osmosis water quality treatment system embodiment 2 of the utility model device
Fig. 6 is buffer tank (12) structure 1
Fig. 7 is buffer tank (12) structure 2
Fig. 8 is buffer tank (12) structure 3
In figure, 1, water intake ball valve, 2, microstraining core, 3, granulated active carbon filter core, 4, sintering activity charcoal filter core, 5, entering water electromagnetic valve, 6, diaphragm booster pump, 7, reverse checkvalve A, 8, reverse osmosis membrane, 9, reverse checkvalve B, 10, rearmounted filter core, 11, water tap, 12, buffer tank, 13, pressure probe, 14, Wastewater by Electric magnet valve, 15, water full gate closes, 16, Pressured water tank, 17, MCU, 18, PWM drives, 19, pulsed drive, 20, lack of water switch, 21, flow-limiting valve, 22, air, 23, spring, 24, wind box, 25, sealing-ring, 26, TDS pops one's head in, 27, piston, 28, reservoir chamber, 29, barrier film, 30, diaphragm support, 31, pressure difference switch, 32, intake-outlet, 33, preposition pre-treatment, 34, air bag, 35, entering water electromagnetic valve drives, 36, indicating meter, 37, operating side.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, water intake ball valve (1), microstraining core (2), granulated active carbon filter core (3), sintering activity charcoal filter core (4), entering water electromagnetic valve (5), diaphragm booster pump (6), reverse osmosis membrane (8), reverse checkvalve B (9), rearmounted filter core (10), water tap (11), joins end to end successively and connects;
Buffer tank (12) pressure probe (13) pressure difference switch (31) is connected between diaphragm booster pump (6) reverse osmosis membrane (8) respectively by threeway;
Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14), flow-limiting valve (21) are connected in series in reverse osmosis membrane (8) waste water side;
Water full gate closes (15), Pressured water tank (16)) be connected to reverse checkvalve B (9) respectively by threeway after;
Constituent apparatus reverse osmosis water quality treatment system after connecting.
In Fig. 2, lack of water switch (20) front end connects power supply, rear end connects pressure difference switch (31), pressure difference switch (31) rear end connects water full gate and closes (15), (15) rear end is connected in parallel entering water electromagnetic valve (5) respectively, PWM drives (18), pulsed drive (19) power input in water full gate pass, and the input of MCU (17) I/O port signal;
PWM drives (18) rear end to connect the input of diaphragm booster pump (6) power supply;
Pulsed drive (19) rear end connects the input of Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) power supply;
Entering water electromagnetic valve (5), diaphragm booster pump (6), Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) rear end are connected in parallel power supply publicly;
Pressure probe (13) connects the input of MCU (17) I/O port.MCU (17) I/O port exports and connects PWM driving (18) and pulsed drive (19) control end respectively;
MCU (17) connects indicating meter (36) and operating side (37) and realizes man-machine interface;
Pressure probe (13), MCU (17), PWM drive (18), pulsed drive (19) connects the power supply that corresponding signal process chip requires voltage.
The built-in program set in MCU (17), program function mainly comprises: when lack of water switch (20) and water full gate close (15) conducting, represent Pressured water tank (16) water shortage, water shortage signal is transferred to MCU (17) by signal input I/O port, MCU (17) output pwm signal drives (18) to control the service rating of diaphragm booster pump (6) to PWM, the operating pressure of pressure probe (13) sensing reverse osmosis membrane (8) feeds back to MCU (17), MCU (17) is according to the dutycycle of feedback adjustment PWM, and then control the service rating of diaphragm booster pump (6), controlled the opening and closing of Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) by pulsed drive (19), its mode of operation opens for some time simultaneously, and closed for some time, as closed 60 seconds, open 6 seconds to discharge condensed water, Parameter adjustable was whole.Plant running information displaying, in indicating meter (36), manually revises MCU (17) program running parameter by operating side (37).
Reverse osmosis water purification units power supply PWM frequency conversion output, pulsed drive output circuit Controlling System is formed after connecting;
Device opens water source, power supply after connecting according to Fig. 1 Fig. 2, and lack of water switch (20) and water full gate close (15) conducting, and entering water electromagnetic valve (5) is opened automatically; MCU (17) output pwm signal drives (18) to start diaphragm booster pump (6) running to PWM, the operating pressure on reverse osmosis membrane (8) film surface raises, time pressure probe (13) senses the optimum working pressure of pressure close to reverse osmosis membrane (8), MCU (17) regulates the power of the duty cycle adjustment diaphragm booster pump (6) of pwm signal, under making the operating pressure on reverse osmosis membrane (8) film surface maintain best operating pressure; According to measuring and calculating, be best under RO reverse osmosis membrane 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm operating pressure, but under 2kg/cm2-6.5kg/cm still can be operated in aperture diffusion condition, just water speed processed, performance, ultimate life is influenced.Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) constantly opening and closing, discharges condensed water, the former water dissolvable mineral salt in RO reverse osmosis membrane is maintained and resolves below concentration.Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) also can be removed, and directly control soluble mineral salt by flow-limiting valve (21) and maintain parsing concentration, its flows per unit time is much less than conventional reverse osmosis principle purifier, is about 4/1-20/1.Usually, a regional original tap water TDS value is relatively-stationary, and Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) opening/closing time parameter is also relatively-stationary; If produce water 60 seconds, draining 6 seconds, its producing water ratio is about 85%.
After Pressured water tank (16) water is full, water full gate closes (15) and disconnects entering water electromagnetic valve (5) power supply, and full for water full gate pass (15) water Signal transmissions to MCU (17), MCU (17) stop control signal exports, device is in holding state, until user's open water tap (11), water full gate closes (15) conducting and exports signal of water shortage, carries out next circulation.
The main power supply of opening a way when former water lack of water of lack of water switch (20); Lack of water switch (20), pressure difference switch (31), water full gate close (15) circuit link position and can exchange, and do not affect its principle.
Large reverse osmosis uses stage chamber pump, volume is large, power consumption is large, control overflow is high, also can use frequency conversion, but limits because of the boosting principle of impeller pump, it will realize aperture diffusion separation principle, be suitable only for the method being improved reverse osmosis and the duration of contact of water by the method for plural serial stage reverse osmosis membrane, plural serial stage this be also the method that large reverse osmosis is commonly used, but its principle of design remains principle of reverse osmosis; Impeller pump is difficult to accomplish miniaturization.Small reverse osmosis surge pump is best, and feature is that water flow is little, and pressure is high, energy-conservation; This principle of device is applicable to using diaphragm booster pump, but this device is not limited only to diaphragm booster pump, as ram pump, rubber helical pump, impeller pump etc.
Diaphragm booster pump (6) mode of operation is generally pulsating pressurization mode, during diaphragm booster pump (6) capacity operation, instantaneous pressure can reach 12kg/cm2, be inversely prroportional relationship after reverse osmosis produced water speed and film surface pressure arrive 8kg/cm2, easily produce expendable pressure and block up effect.The operating pressure 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm scope of the utility model device by regulating the mode of diaphragm booster pump (6) service rating to regulate reverse osmosis membrane (8).The effect of buffer tank (12) eradicates a mental barrier topping-up pump (6) pulsating pressurization to the impact of reverse osmosis membrane surface pressure, reaches the object of voltage stabilizing, makes pressure feedback PWM mechanism more steadily accurately.Diaphragm booster pump (6) power-adjustable, makes reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm scope.Buffer tank (12) is not the indispensability configuration of the utility model device.
Pressure probe (13) numerical value can be changed by diaphragm booster pump (6) running current A/D and draw, replaces pressure probe (13) effect.
Under pressure difference switch (31) setting reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure, the upper limit is 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm scope.The operation duration of topping-up pump (6) when instant PWM dutycycle can be disconnected to maximum by history PWM dutycycle, pressure difference switch (31), converted by MCU (17) and obtain, adopt the operation duration repeatedly progressively regulating PWM duty when to calculate topping-up pump (6) to convert to obtain, the method of such Step wise approximation completely can the smooth running of implement device, replace the mode of pressure probe (13) numeric feedback, make device peripheral hardware simpler.Pressure difference switch (31) also can be the high-voltage switch gear of high-pressure open-circuit, controls the upper limit of reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure, and the lower limit of pressure is arranged by pressure probe (13), or gives tacit consent to the setting of minimum PWM dutycycle.
Pressure difference switch (31) and the function after the computing of MCU (17) of pressure probe (13) switch signal can be exchanged, in actual application, wherein any one all can complete the function of setting reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure.It is simple that pressure difference switch (31) has use, low-cost advantage.During configuration Large Copacity buffer tank (12), the work of diaphragm booster pump (6) can be stopped, continued to supply water, until the pressure-activated lower limit of pressure difference switch (31) to reverse osmosis membrane (8) by buffer tank (12).
Lack of water switch (20) for water source cuts off the water timer can timely stoppage protection.In the application of reality, MCU (17) can be passed through completely calculate the judgement of diaphragm booster pump (6) operation duration, and perform corresponding operation, the function of replacement lack of water switch (20).
Microstraining core (2); granulated active carbon filter core (3); sintering activity charcoal filter core (4) forms preposition pre-treatment (33) technical process of reverse osmosis membrane (8); remove the material such as silt, chlorinated lime, improve reverse osmosis membrane (8) life-span.Preposition pre-treatment (33) can be changed according to water quality or processing requirements, as added or replacing ultra-filtration element, KDF gac mixing filter core, resin filter element, the filter cores such as quartz sand filter core, does not affect the ultimate principle of this device utility model innovation.
In the application of reality, MCU (17) PWM mode drives PWM to drive (18) mode can add appropriate periphery feedback by the frequency pulse width modulated chip circuit of specialty and controls electronic component realization, as used TL494 fixed frequency pulse width modulated chip widely.The utility model device is the service rating that PWM mode controls diaphragm booster pump (6), the optimum working pressure making reverse osmosis membrane (8) be operated in aperture diffusion principle mandates requires down, and discharge waste water by current-limiting mode, make product water continue to carry out realizing its function.The utility model device reverse osmosis membrane optimum working pressure 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm, when therefore setting MCU (17) PWM dutycycle program, fixation pressure voltage stabilizing equilibrium state, or progressively rising or decline certain limit do not affect overall performance, but when former water is high rigidity poor-quality water, progressively decline, control at 3.5kg/cm2, even 2kg/cm2 is highly beneficial and necessary.Can be drawn by diaphragm booster pump (6) working time and the parameter element factor calculation such as TDS value producing water the detecting of the key elements such as the detecting of water quality and envrionment temperature, or manually inputting adjustment, these basic parameters are all solidified in the program store of MCU inside.MCU (17) parameter operation information is transferred to indicating meter (36) display, and indicating meter (36), operating side (37) also can pass through communication chip, realize its function with IE WEB or mobile phone terminal APP.
The utility model is not by the restriction of embodiment; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from spirit of the present utility model and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection domain of the present utility model.For a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified according to the technical scheme described in embodiment, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature, all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
In Fig. 3, water full gate pass (15), lack of water switch (20), pressure difference switch (31), TDS probe (26), pressure probe (13) are input to MCU (17) as signal, MCU (17) makes corresponding output control driving pulse driving (19), PWM drives (18), entering water electromagnetic valve drives (35), control Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14), diaphragm booster pump (6), entering water electromagnetic valve (5) respectively.The signal of device processes rear drive exterior operator via MCU (17), and effect is identical with Fig. 2 mode.Advantage is that any signal all processes by MCU (17), extremely complicated function can be realized, shortcoming is that MCU (17) generating program mistake or hardware are damaged, electromotive voltage signal the serious consequence that MCU (17) cannot process or perform may occur, out of contior continued running as continuous in diaphragm booster pump (6) time unstable.
In Fig. 4, on the basis of Fig. 1, diaphragm booster pump (6) increases reverse checkvalve A (7) afterwards, and between reverse checkvalve B (9) with Pressured water tank (16), the pipeline TDS that connects in optional position pops one's head in (26); Be best under the utility model device reverse osmosis membrane 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm operating pressure, as long as enough large of buffer tank (12) volume, diaphragm booster pump (6) does not need the work continued, continued within a certain period of time to supply water to reverse osmosis membrane (8) by buffer tank (12), reach energy-conservation and object that is round-the-clock 24 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s of reverse osmosis membrane (8).
In addition on the one hand, the time that mineral substance molecule needed than water molecules through time of reverse osmosis membrane materials is long, by buffer tank (12), reverse osmosis membrane (8) is continued to the mode supplied water, the duration of contact of former water and reverse osmosis membrane (8) almost can be unrestricted, improved the ratio through reverse osmosis membrane of molecular weight less than 150 mineral substance by the method for the duration of contact extending film and water, meet safe mineral substance requirement.TDS probe (26) is producing mineral substances of water signal feedback to MCU (17), the opening/closing time resting period of Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) is controlled again by MCU (17), regulate the mineral substance ratio of producing water again with this, form content of mineral substances feed-back regulatory mechanism.
Diaphragm booster pump (6) pressuring method requirement itself has the one-way function of reverse checkvalve, but topping-up pump (6) check sealing contact surface is long-pending large, have closed incomplete, the unstable risk producing inefficacy, the object increasing reverse checkvalve A (7) is raising reliability.
Be best under the utility model device reverse osmosis membrane 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm operating pressure, taken into account speed and efficiency.But 2kg/cm2-8kg/cm still can normally work, operating parameter needs MCU (17) program to do corresponding adjustment.Time close to 6-8kg/cm, flow-limiting valve (21) needs the draining of lasting mass-flow, and to take away the ever-increasing condensed water because of concentration polarization layer after quick product water, its operating parameter is close to conventional reverse osmosis.Rule of thumb, same former water, when film surface pressure 6-8kg/cm, time waste water continues the draining of mass-flow, product water TDS value rises, and blocks up effect when being greater than 8kg/cm because press, producing water speed is decline, and the product water speed that causes of the stifled effect of pressure slack-off be expendable; When contrary reverse osmosis membrane operating pressure is set in 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm, waste water weep, TDS value declines to being, can infer that reverse osmosis membrane separation is kind of an aperture diffusion principle thus, also illustrate that the high product water speed caused of pressure is not the best effort state of reverse osmosis membrane soon.
In Fig. 5, Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) and flow-limiting valve (21) are connected in parallel in the dense water side of reverse osmosis membrane (8), the flows per unit time of flow-limiting valve (21) is adjusted to the 3/1-30/1 of conventional reverse osmosis, TDS probe (26) feedback produces water TDS value to MCU (17), MCU (17), by the opening and closing of entering water electromagnetic valve (5) opening and closing, diaphragm booster pump (6) service rating and Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14), regulates the TDS value of producing water to regulate the mode of former water and reverse osmosis membrane duration of contact.Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) and flow-limiting valve (21) parallel way advantage be water body substitutes control can more accurately, flexibly, quick.
Buffer tank (12) function is the operating pressure of stable reverse osmosis membrane (8), make PWM regulate diaphragm booster pump (6) service rating mode more steady, the pressure that elimination topping-up pump (6) pulsating pressurization and water incompressibility cause blocks up the impact of effect.Buffer tank (12) is connected to optional position between diaphragm booster pump (6) and reverse osmosis membrane (8) by threeway, when being connected with reverse checkvalve A (7), buffer tank (12) is connected to optional position between reverse checkvalve A (7) and reverse osmosis membrane (8).Buffer tank (12) is optimization scheme in the utility model design, but is not indispensable.
Buffer tank (12) can be structure as Fig. 6, band intake-outlet (32) hollow container, container internal airbag (34), has and is simple and easy to use, can meet actual requirement.
Fig. 7 is another structure of buffer tank (12), and structure comprises intake-outlet (32), barrier film (29), air (22), spring (23), wind box (24), diaphragm support (30) reservoir chamber (28).By telescopic spring, the mode of barrier film (29) water proof reaches the object of voltage stabilizing.Barrier film mode has and is quick on the draw, and sensitivity is adjustable, implements simple and reliable advantage.
Fig. 8 is another structure of buffer tank (12), and structure comprises intake-outlet (32), piston (27), air (22), spring (23), wind box (24), sealing-ring (25) reservoir chamber (28).By telescopic spring, the mode of piston (27) and sealing-ring (25) water proof reaches the object of voltage stabilizing.Be best under the utility model device reverse osmosis membrane 3.5kg/cm2-5.5kg/cm operating pressure, as long as enough large of buffer tank (12) volume, diaphragm booster pump (6) does not need the work continued, continued within a certain period of time to supply water to reverse osmosis membrane (8) by buffer tank (12), reach energy-conservation object.It is large that piston ring circle mode has buffer tank capacity, and diaphragm booster pump (6) does not need continuous firing advantage.But sensitivity is low, this design still can internal airbag or barrier film raising sensitivity.
Patent application CN2011100910.2,201410386105.5,201420443676.3 to reach in the mode of compression space air or spring conversion water storage energy storage and meet aperture diffusion principle design requirement, with the utility model device ratio, relatively simple for structure, easy realization, but process control comparatively out of true.The variable frequency control mode claim of 201410386105.5,201420443676.3 proposition electronic feedback, but without concrete mode, this device specializes variable frequency control.Buffer tank (12), in patent application 201410386105.5, is crucial major parts in 201420443676.3, is not necessary parts in this device, and this is the essential difference of three.
Conventional reverse osmosis purifier overcomes partial potential power reverse osmosis phenomenon (principle) design according to pressurization.The utility model device, according to the aperture diffusion principle of semi-permeable membranes (reverse osmosis) and Le Xiate column balancing principle design, closer to the real separation principle of semi-permeable membranes (reverse osmosis membrane), therefore realizes the transition of water conditioning performance.The Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) that producing water ratio is controlled by electronic program and flow-limiting valve (21) jointly control, producing water ratio adjusts arbitrarily according to water quality requirement, not by influence of temperature change, or worked long hours by reverse osmosis membrane (8) and exchange output for and overcome and produce water because temperature affects slow-footed problem; Reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure is controlled by frequency conversion diaphragm booster pump (6), not by former water pressure, wastewater flow affects, and makes reverse osmosis membrane (8) operating pressure meet aperture diffusion principle mandates, can extract the pure water of maximum possible, producing water ratio is high.Producing water ratio is high, and the few nature filter core load of waste water is just little, and filter element life is more than 3 times of common reverse osmosis unit.Former water and reverse osmosis membrane (8) duration of contact (flow velocity) are by Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) minute adjustment, the method of soluble mineral ratio is improved with this, overcome the soluble mineral salt of molecular weight less than 150 through reverse osmosis membrane (8) slow-footed problem, make product glassware for drinking water have the mineral substance of certain human body needs, and content of mineral substances regulate former water and reverse osmosis membrane (8) minute adjustment duration of contact by electronic program; Content of mineral substances feeds back to MCU (17) by TDS probe (26) and indicating meter (36) display, content of mineral substances can pass through MCU (17) and automatically regulate according to the program of setting in advance, or manually inputs adjustment by operating side (37).Such control mode meets steady operation pressure and the requirement of different former water different waste water ratio simultaneously.
The utility model device is also applicable to nanofiltration membrane, and nanofiltration membrane also claims loose reverse osmosis membrane, and its separation principle is still aperture diffusion principle.
Barrier film (29) material can be bellows-shaped rubber plastic, or the metal of bellows-shaped.
Sealing-ring (25) can enclose for O shape, or V-type, Y type, Glais ring.Most suitable is Glais ring, and it is little that Glais ring has starting resistance, almost No leakage, overlong service life advantage.
When Pressured water tank (16) is the cisten mechanism with normal atmosphere UNICOM, water full gate closes (15) and changes water level or ball float water level pressure controling mode into, does not change the ultimate principle of this device.
PWM drives (18) pulsed drive (19) entering water electromagnetic valve to drive (35) can be MOSFSET, IGBT, or large power triode integrated chip.Pulsed drive (19), entering water electromagnetic valve drive (35) can be MOSFSET, IGBT, or large power triode, also can be mechanical relay, or solid state relay, and optimal is mechanical relay, have reliably a little.
TDS probe (26) can be loaded on the optional position of reverse osmosis membrane (8) pure water rear flank end, is loaded on optional position accuracy between reverse osmosis membrane (8) and Pressured water tank (16) the highest.
Claims (9)
1. a reverse osmosis water purification units, comprise water intake ball valve (1), microstraining core (2), granulated active carbon filter core (3), sintering activity charcoal filter core (4) preposition pre-treatment, rearmounted filter core (10), water tap (11), entering water electromagnetic valve (5), reverse checkvalve B (9), Pressured water tank (16), water full gate closes (15), lack of water switch (20), it is characterized in that device arranges MCU (17), PWM drives (18), diaphragm booster pump (6), reverse osmosis membrane (8), pulsed drive (19), Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14), pressure difference switch (31), pressure probe (13), indicating meter (36), MCU (17) regulates diaphragm booster pump (6) service rating according to pressure difference switch (31) or pressure probe (13) feedback signal, and the pass that MCU (17) controls Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) with impulse form is opened.
2. reverse osmosis water purification units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that between described diaphragm booster pump (6) rear end with reverse osmosis membrane (8), position is connected buffer tank (12) by threeway.
3. described reverse osmosis water purification units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that between described diaphragm booster pump (6) rear end and reverse osmosis membrane (8), (13) are popped one's head in by threeway Bonding pressure in position.
4. described reverse osmosis water purification units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described flow-limiting valve (21) Wastewater by Electric magnet valve (14) is parallel to the dense water side of reverse osmosis membrane (8).
5. described reverse osmosis water purification units as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that arranging arbitrarily TDS between described reverse osmosis membrane (8) pure water side and Pressured water tank (16) pops one's head in (26), TDS Value Data feeds back to MCU (17).
6. described reverse osmosis water purification units as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described diaphragm booster pump (6) rear end arranges reverse checkvalve A (7).
7. the reverse osmosis water purification units as described in as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, is characterized in that described buffer tank (12) arranges intake-outlet (32) hollow container, container internal airbag (34).
8. the reverse osmosis water purification units as described in as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, is characterized in that described buffer tank (12) arranges intake-outlet (32), barrier film (29), air (22), spring (23), wind box (24), diaphragm support (30) reservoir chamber (28).
9. the reverse osmosis water purification units as described in as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, is characterized in that described buffer tank (12) arranges intake-outlet (32), piston (27), air (22), spring (23), wind box (24), sealing-ring (25) reservoir chamber (28).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520053121.2U CN204643983U (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2015-01-26 | A kind of reverse osmosis water purification units |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2014103861055 | 2014-08-08 | ||
| CN201410386105 | 2014-08-08 | ||
| CN2014204436763 | 2014-08-08 | ||
| CN201420443676 | 2014-08-08 | ||
| CN201520053121.2U CN204643983U (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2015-01-26 | A kind of reverse osmosis water purification units |
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| CN204643983U true CN204643983U (en) | 2015-09-16 |
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| CN201520053121.2U Expired - Fee Related CN204643983U (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2015-01-26 | A kind of reverse osmosis water purification units |
| CN201510038269.3A Pending CN104649449A (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2015-01-26 | Reverse osmosis water purifier |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106277410A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 佛山市顺德区美的饮水机制造有限公司 | Water purifier |
| CN107572675A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-01-12 | 杭州金鱼电器集团有限公司 | Waste water storage-type RO film water purifiers |
| CN109019909A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江苏泊尔家电制造有限公司 | Water purifier |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107983160B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2023-07-28 | 佛山市顺德区美的饮水机制造有限公司 | Reverse osmosis water purification system and reverse osmosis water purifier |
| CN108426667B (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2021-02-02 | 九阳股份有限公司 | Pressure detection method of reverse osmosis water purifier |
| CN109187310A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Groundwater seepage and wash away rock analogy method |
-
2015
- 2015-01-26 CN CN201520053121.2U patent/CN204643983U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-01-26 CN CN201510038269.3A patent/CN104649449A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107572675A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-01-12 | 杭州金鱼电器集团有限公司 | Waste water storage-type RO film water purifiers |
| CN106277410A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 佛山市顺德区美的饮水机制造有限公司 | Water purifier |
| CN109019909A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江苏泊尔家电制造有限公司 | Water purifier |
| CN109019909B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2024-06-04 | 浙江苏泊尔厨卫电器有限公司 | Water purifier |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104649449A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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