CN204630905U - The proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor - Google Patents

Abstract

A test device for the friction coefficient of metal components with a ring structure, including a testing machine for providing loads, the power output end of the testing machine is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper cover pressing plate, the upper pressing piece is installed on the lower end of the upper cover pressing plate, and the upper cover The upper sensor support is installed on the side of the pressure plate, the displacement sensor is arranged on the top surface of the upper cover pressure plate, the lower cover pressure plate is arranged on the lower part of the upper cover pressure plate, the lower cover pressure plate is installed on the frame of the testing machine, and the lower cover pressure plate is installed on the upper end of the pressure plate. The upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece are both ring-shaped, and the lower pressing piece is located directly below the upper pressing piece and between the two is a test station for placing the ring structure metal member to be tested. The lower cover A lower sensor support is installed on the side of the pressure plate, the lower sensor support and the upper sensor support are arranged in pairs, and a deformation sensor is installed between the lower sensor support and the upper sensor support. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, reasonable structure, effective measurement of friction coefficient and stable and reliable data.

Description

Test device for friction coefficient of ring structure metal components

technical field

The utility model relates to the fields of material properties such as gaskets and nuclear power reactor internal components compression elastic ring resilience test, friction coefficient test and the like, in particular to a test device for the friction coefficient of metal components with a ring structure.

Background technique

Large pressure vessels or pressure vessels working under harsh working conditions have extremely strict performance requirements on the sealing structure of circular metal gaskets. In order to make the sealing gasket work normally and ensure the sealing performance, it is often necessary to carry out a resilience test on the circular metal gasket. At the same time, during the installation operation, it is often necessary to apply a preload to compress the gasket. The influence of friction with the flange causes a gap between the applied preload and the design value, so its friction coefficient also needs to be calculated. In order to ensure that the equipment does not leak, and the operation is safe and reliable.

In addition, the compression elastic ring of the CAP1400 and AP1000 nuclear reactor internal components is a ring-shaped compression spring, which has a certain elastic rebound ability and can maintain a necessary compression force. It is located between the upper support flange and the flange of the hanging basket cylinder. When the reactor pressure vessel top cover bolts are pre-tightened, the elastic ring will be compressed by a predetermined amount of deformation, and the pre-tightening force generated will make the hanging basket cylinder assembly and The positioning of the upper support plate assembly, under normal operating conditions, the basket cylinder assembly cannot be too loose due to the pre-tightening force of the elastic ring and the contact between the two flange interfaces, resulting in a Excessive flow induces vibration. At the same time, the pre-tightening force of the elastic ring should not be too large to exceed its elastic range, which will reduce the elastic ring deformation and rebound, and will also cause the vibration amplitude and frequency to increase and frequency to decrease due to the flow of the basket cylinder assembly for a long time. However, in the design analysis of the elastic ring, it is found that the friction between the elastic ring and the contact surface of the upper and lower flanges will directly affect its axial stiffness. When the friction coefficient increases, the axial stiffness value will increase correspondingly, so that the axial preload force required under the same initial deformation condition will increase, and the internal stress value of the ring will also increase. Since the actual friction coefficient cannot be obtained from the analysis; for this reason, it is necessary to measure the friction coefficient of the elastic ring to obtain the relationship between the axial force and axial displacement of the elastic ring, and finally calculate the contact surface coefficient of friction. Therefore, the friction coefficient of the elastic ring plays a vital role in the installation design of the nuclear reactor compression elastic ring, and also has an important impact on the safe and reliable operation of the nuclear reactor.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the inadequacy of the prior art that cannot effectively measure the friction coefficient of the ring structure metal member, the utility model provides a ring structure metal member friction sensor with simple structure, convenient operation, reasonable structure, effective measurement of friction coefficient, and stable and reliable data. coefficient of the test device.

The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:

A device for testing the coefficient of friction of metal members with a ring structure, including a testing machine for applying loads, the stationary end of the testing machine is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper cover pressing plate, and an upper pressing piece is installed on the lower end of the upper cover pressing plate , the side of the upper cover pressing plate is installed with an upper sensor support, the top surface of the upper cover pressing plate is arranged to detect the displacement sensor of the axial displacement of the ring structure metal member to be tested, and the lower part of the upper cover pressing plate is arranged The lower cover pressing plate, the lower cover pressing plate is installed on the frame of the testing machine, the upper end of the lower cover pressing plate is equipped with a lower pressing piece, the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece are both ring-shaped, and the The lower pressing part is located directly below the upper pressing part and between the two is a test station for placing the ring structure metal member to be tested. The lower sensor support is installed on the side of the lower cover pressing plate, and the lower sensor The support and the upper sensor support are arranged in pairs, and a sensor for detecting the axial deformation of the ring structure metal member to be tested is installed between the lower sensor support and the upper sensor support.

Further, the upper cover pressing plate includes a cylindrical arm and a stepped shaft pressing plate, the upper end of the cylindrical arm is provided with a connecting end with a threaded hole, and the connecting end is connected to the power output end of the testing machine, so The lower end of the cylindrical arm is fixedly connected with the stepped shaft pressing plate.

The lower part of the lower gland plate is connected with a spherical matching pad, and the spherical matching pad is matched with a spherical base on the testing machine frame.

The displacement sensor is a micrometer, and the deformation sensor is an extensometer.

There are at least two displacement sensors, and at least two displacement sensors are arranged on a circle at equal arc intervals; there are at least two extensometers, and at least two extensometers are arranged on a circle at equal arc intervals.

The first-stage shaft end surface of the stepped shaft pressing plate is used for placing a dial gauge, and the lower end surface of the second-stage shaft of the stepped shaft pressing plate is used for placing the upper pressing member.

The lower cover pressing plate has a stepped shaft shape, and the first end face is required to have a smooth surface and be parallel to the end face of the upper cover plate; the second end face places the lower pressing member; the outer surface of the second stage shaft fixes the lower sensor Support; the middle part of the lower end surface of the third-stage shaft is a cylindrical hole, and the spherical mating pad is placed in the cylindrical hole.

Both the upper pressing part and the lower pressing part are rings, and the two end surfaces of the rings are parallel to each other.

The upper end surface of the upper pressing part is matched with the lower end surface of the second-stage shaft of the upper gland plate, and the lower end surface of the upper pressing part is in contact with the ring structure metal member to be tested; the upper pressing part The thickness of the upper cover pressure plate is the same as the thickness of the third shaft, the inner diameter of the upper pressing part is the same as the diameter of the third shaft, and the outer diameter of the upper pressing part is consistent with the diameter of the second shaft;

The upper end surface of the lower pressing part is in contact with the ring structure metal member to be tested, the lower end surface of the lower pressing part is matched with the upper end surface of the second stage shaft of the lower cover pressing plate, and the lower pressing part The thickness of the lower cover pressure plate is the same as that of the first-stage shaft, the inner diameter of the lower pressing member is the same as the diameter of the second-stage shaft, and the outer diameter of the lower pressing member is consistent with the diameter of the first-stage shaft. The spherical matching pad includes a cylindrical bottom and a spherical head, the upper part of the cylindrical bottom is installed in the cylindrical groove of the lower gland plate, the lower part of the cylindrical bottom and the spherical head, and the spherical base A concave spherical surface matching the spherical head is opened on the top.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are mainly manifested in that the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the structure is reasonable, the friction coefficient can be effectively measured, and the data is stable and reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing device for the friction coefficient of a circular ring structure metal member.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper cover pressing plate.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the lower cover pressing plate.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an upper pressing part and a lower pressing part.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circular ring structure metal member.

Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a spherical mating pad.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an upper sensor mount and a lower sensor mount.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 7, the test device of the friction coefficient of the ring structure metal member comprises the testing machine 1 in order to provide the load, and the stationary end of the testing machine 1 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the upper cover pressing plate 2, and the upper cover The lower end of the pressing plate 2 is equipped with an upper pressing part 3, the side of the upper cover pressing plate 3 is equipped with an upper sensor support 4, and the top surface of the upper cover pressing plate 2 is arranged for detecting the axial direction of the ring structure metal member to be tested. The displacement sensor 5 of the displacement, the lower cover pressing plate 6 is arranged at the bottom of the upper cover pressing plate 2, the lower cover pressing plate 6 is installed on the frame of the testing machine 1, and the upper end of the lower cover pressing plate 6 is installed and pressed down Part 7, the upper pressing part 3 and the lower pressing part 7 are all ring-shaped, and the lower pressing part 7 is located directly below the upper pressing part 3 and between the two is a ring structure metal to be tested The test station where the component 8 is placed, the lower sensor support 9 is installed on the side of the lower cover pressure plate 6, the lower sensor support 9 and the upper sensor support 4 are arranged in pairs, and the lower sensor support 9 and the upper sensor support A deformation sensor 10 for detecting the axial deformation of the ring structure metal member to be tested is installed between the sensor supports 4 .

Further, the upper cover pressing plate 2 includes a cylindrical arm and a stepped shaft pressing plate, the upper end of the cylindrical arm is provided with a connecting end with a threaded hole, and the connecting end is connected to the power output end of the testing machine 1 , the lower end of the cylindrical arm is fixedly connected with the stepped shaft pressure plate.

The bottom of the lower cover plate 6 is connected with a spherical matching pad 11, and the spherical matching pad 11 is matched with a spherical base on the frame of the testing machine 1.

The displacement sensor 5 is a micrometer, and the deformation sensor 10 is an extensometer.

There are at least two displacement sensors 5, and at least two displacement sensors 5 are arranged in a circle at equal arc intervals; there are at least two extensometers, and at least two extensometers are arranged in a circle at equal arc intervals.

The first-stage shaft end surface of the stepped shaft pressing plate is used for placing a dial gauge, and the lower end surface of the second-stage shaft of the stepped shaft pressing plate is used for placing the upper pressing member.

The lower cover pressing plate 6 has a stepped shaft shape, and the first end face is required to be smooth and parallel to the end face of the upper cover plate; the second end face is placed on the lower pressing member; the outer circular surface of the second stage shaft fixes the lower Sensor support; the middle part of the lower end surface of the third-stage shaft is a cylindrical hole, and the spherical mating pad is placed in the cylindrical hole.

Both the upper pressing part 3 and the lower pressing part 7 are rings, and the two end surfaces of the rings are parallel to each other.

The upper end surface of the upper pressing member 3 is matched with the lower end surface of the second-stage shaft of the upper gland plate 2, and the lower end surface of the upper pressing member 3 is in contact with the ring structure metal component 8 to be tested; The thickness of the upper pressing part 3 is the same as the thickness of the third-stage shaft of the upper cover pressure plate, the inner diameter of the upper pressing part 3 is the same as the diameter of the third-stage shaft, and the outer diameter of the upper pressing part 3 is the same as that of the third-stage shaft. The diameter of the secondary shaft is the same;

The upper end surface of the lower pressing member 7 is in contact with the ring structure metal member 8 to be tested, the lower end surface of the lower pressing member 7 is matched with the upper end surface of the second stage shaft of the lower cover pressing plate 6, the The thickness of the lower pressing part 7 is the same as the thickness of the first-stage shaft of the lower cover pressure plate, the inner diameter of the lower pressing part 7 is the same as the diameter of the second-stage shaft, and the outer diameter of the lower pressing part 7 is the same as that of the first-stage shaft. The primary shaft diameter is the same.

The spherical matching pad 11 includes a cylindrical bottom and a spherical head, the upper part of the cylindrical bottom is installed in the cylindrical groove of the lower gland plate, the lower part of the cylindrical bottom and the spherical head, the spherical A concave spherical surface matching the spherical head is formed on the base.

In this embodiment, first, the upper cover pressing plate 2 is fixed to the testing machine by bolts, thereby hanging on the testing machine 1, and the upper pressing member 3 is fixed below the upper pressing cover plate 2 by countersunk screws, and the upper cover The sensor support 4 is fixed on the outer side of the upper gland plate 2; in addition, the spherical mating pad 11 is placed in the center of the lower part of the testing machine, and the lower cover pressure plate 6 is assembled on it; the outer cylinder of the lower cover pressure plate 6 is passed through the bolt Four lower sensor supports 9 are fixed, and the lower pressing member 7 is inserted into the upper end of the lower cover pressing plate 6, and is installed on it by countersunk screws. Thereafter, the ring structure metal component 8 to be tested is placed on the inner ring surface of the lower pressing part 7; finally, 4 extensometers are bound between the upper sensor support 4 and the lower sensor support 9 During this period, place 4 dial gauges on the second stepped axial surface of the upper cover pressure plate 2.

After the installation of the device is completed, the test machine 1 is used to gradually load the metal member 8 of the ring structure to be tested, and record the load P and the corresponding dial gauge and extensometer data every time it is loaded, and start loading from 0 load to After setting the load, start unloading to 0 load; take the average value of the 4 dial gauges as the average displacement of the test member, and take the average deformation of the 4 extensometers as the average deformation δ, so that the load deformation (P -δ) data and compressibility curve.

Further, the drawing obtains load deformation (P-δ) data, also P is the abscissa, and δ is the ordinate to fit according to the least square method, thereby obtaining its flexibility coefficient λ; by performing mechanical derivation on the ring member The friction coefficient f of the test member can be obtained,

The derivation formula is as follows:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; J</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; E.</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ahc</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&delta;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}$

Among them, a is the ring width of the ring structure metal member; c is the inner radius of the ring structure metal member; h is the thickness of the ring structure metal member; J _x is the moment of inertia of the ring structure metal member; E is the elasticity Modulus; δ is the (displacement) deformation; p is the load.

Claims (10)

1. the proving installation of a circular ring structure hardware friction factor, it is characterized in that: described proving installation comprises the testing machine in order to imposed load, the stationary end of described testing machine is fixedly connected with the upper end of cover clamp, compressing member is installed in the lower end of described cover clamp, sensor support base is installed in the side of described cover clamp, the end face of described cover clamp arranges the displacement transducer of the axial displacement for detecting circular ring structure hardware to be tested, the lower disposed lower cover pressing plate of described cover clamp, described lower cover pressing plate is arranged in the frame of described testing machine, lower compressing member is installed in the upper end of described lower cover pressing plate, described upper compressing member and lower compressing member are all ringwise, described lower compressing member to be positioned at immediately below compressing member and test station between the two for placing for circular ring structure hardware to be tested, lower sensor bearing is installed in the side of described lower cover pressing plate, described lower sensor bearing and upper sensor bearing are arranged in pairs, and the sensor of the axial deformation for detecting circular ring structure hardware to be tested is installed between described lower sensor bearing and upper sensor bearing.

2.2 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cover clamp comprises cylinder arc and multidiameter pressing plate, the upper end of described cylinder arc is provided with the link with threaded hole, described link is connected with the clutch end of described testing machine, and the lower end of described cylinder arc is fixedly connected with described multidiameter pressing plate.

3.3 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described in press down cover plate bottom with spherical coordinate to pad be connected, described spherical cooperation pad coordinates with the spherical base in testing machine frame.

4.4 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: institute's displacement sensors is milscale, and described deformation-sensor is extensometer.

5.5 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: institute's displacement sensors has at least two, and the circular arc intervals such as at least two displacement transducers are arranged on a circle; Describedly extend in respect of at least two, the circular arc intervals such as at least two extensometers are arranged on a circle.

6.6 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the first order axial end of described multidiameter pressing plate is for placing clock gauge, and described upper compressing member is placed in the axle lower surface, the second level of described multidiameter pressing plate.

7.7 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described lower cover pressing plate has multidiameter shape, and first end mask requires smooth surface and parallels with upper press cover plate end face; Second end face places described lower compressing member; Second level axle periphery fixes described lower sensor bearing; Be cylindrical hole in the middle part of third level axle lower surface, in described cylindrical hole, place described spherical cooperation pad.

8.8 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described upper compressing member and lower compressing member are annulus, and two end faces of described annulus are parallel to each other.

9.9 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: match with the lower surface of upper press cover plate second level axle in the upper surface of described upper compressing member, the lower surface of described upper compressing member contacts with circular ring structure hardware to be tested; The thickness of described upper compressing member is identical with the thickness of cover clamp third level axle, and the internal diameter of described upper compressing member is identical with the diameter of third level axle, and the external diameter of described upper compressing member is then consistent with second level shaft diameter;

The upper surface of described lower compressing member contacts with circular ring structure hardware to be tested, the lower surface of described lower compressing member coordinates with the upper surface of the second level axle of lower cover pressing plate, the thickness of described lower compressing member is identical with the thickness of lower cover pressing plate first order axle, the internal diameter of described lower compressing member is identical with the diameter of second level axle, and the external diameter of described lower compressing member is then consistent with first order shaft diameter.

10.10 .the proving installation of circular ring structure hardware friction factor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described spherical cooperation pad comprises cylindrical bottom and spherical head, the top of described cylindrical bottom is arranged on and presses down in the cylindrical groove of cover plate, the bottom of described cylindrical bottom and spherical head, described spherical base has the concave sphere mated with described spherical head.