CN106680199B - Friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic drive - Google Patents
Friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic drive Download PDFInfo
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- CN106680199B CN106680199B CN201710059756.7A CN201710059756A CN106680199B CN 106680199 B CN106680199 B CN 106680199B CN 201710059756 A CN201710059756 A CN 201710059756A CN 106680199 B CN106680199 B CN 106680199B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 308
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic drive, which comprises a torque testing device, a pressure testing device, a base and a controller, wherein the torque testing device is fixedly connected with the base, the pressure testing device is in sliding connection with the base, and the sliding center line of the pressure testing device and the axis of the torque testing device are in the same vertical plane; the signal output end of the torque testing device and the signal output end of the pressure testing device are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of the controller. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the test piece is fixed by adopting the threaded connection between the shaft and the test piece, the fixing mode is simple, the whole experimental device structure is more compact, and the threaded connection adopts the direction opposite to the motor steering direction; the hydraulic drive lifting device is introduced to adjust the upper and lower positions of the test head, so that the defects of low manual adjustment speed, labor waste and the like are avoided. Limiting the left movement of the sliding block can be realized only by controlling the position of the baffle plate, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic driving. In particular to a testing device capable of testing the friction coefficient of the surface of the solid wall. The method is particularly suitable for testing the friction resistance coefficients of solid wall surfaces with different roughness surfaces and the friction resistance coefficients of bionic non-smooth surfaces.
Background
Frictional resistance is always a hot problem studied by expert scholars at home and abroad, and the frictional resistance is summarized to be three types: friction between solids and solid surfaces, friction between fluids. The existence of friction resistance can greatly increase energy consumption, resulting in energy waste. There are many factors affecting friction, wherein the key factor is the coefficient of friction, and the coefficient of friction is generally different from material to material. The methods for researching friction resistance coefficient generally mainly include test methods, theoretical analysis and the like. Theoretical analysis is often used in relatively simple situations, and various assumptions need to be introduced when performing theoretical analysis to simplify the problem. For complex problems, it is difficult to make abstract assumptions due to the large number of influencing factors. Therefore, the studies are mostly conducted by using a test method. When the frictional resistance between the fluid and the solid wall surface is studied, a test device which is mostly adopted according to the property of the fluid is a water tunnel or a wind tunnel. However, there are few test devices for the coefficient of friction resistance of solid surfaces.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that a corresponding testing device is lacking when the friction resistance of the solid wall surface is researched at present, the invention provides a hydraulic-drive-based friction resistance coefficient testing device which not only can be used for testing the friction resistance coefficients of the solid wall surface with different roughness surfaces, but also can be used for testing the friction resistance coefficients of the bionic non-smooth surface.
The invention relates to a friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic drive, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a torque testing device, a pressure testing device, a base and a controller, wherein the torque testing device is fixedly connected with the base, the pressure testing device is in sliding connection with the base, and the sliding center line of the pressure testing device and the axis of the torque testing device are in the same vertical plane; the signal output end of the torque testing device and the signal output end of the pressure testing device are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of the controller;
the torque testing device comprises a driving device for providing rotary driving force, a transmission unit for transmitting the driving force, a test unit for installing a test piece and a torque testing unit for measuring the torque of the transmission unit, wherein the driving device and the test unit are coaxially installed on the base, and an output shaft of the driving device is fixedly connected with the test unit through the transmission unit to realize transmission of the driving force; the testing end of the torque testing unit is stuck on the surface of the transmission unit; the signal output end of the torque testing unit is electrically connected with the controller;
the pressure testing device comprises a bottom frame, a lifting device for adjusting the height of the testing end and a pressure testing unit for pressing the surface of the test piece, wherein the bottom frame is in sliding connection with the base, the bottom of the lifting device is fixedly connected with the bottom frame, and the pressure testing unit is arranged at the top of the lifting device; the free end of the pressure test unit is provided with a test head used for being pressed on the surface of the test piece, and the signal output end of the pressure test unit is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller.
The transmission unit is a sleeve type connecting shaft, a through hole penetrating through two end faces of the connecting shaft is axially formed in the connecting shaft, and one end of the connecting shaft is connected with an output shaft key of the driving device; the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the mounting shaft key of the test unit; the central lines of the driving device, the transmission unit and the test unit are overlapped, and the transmission of force is ensured to be linear transmission.
The test unit comprises a cylinder body, a rotary connecting shaft, a bearing end cover and a bearing, wherein the cylinder body is arranged on the base through a supporting frame, the bearings for horizontally supporting the rotary connecting shaft are arranged at the two end parts of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the bearing end covers for preventing the bearings from moving axially are fixedly connected with the two end surfaces of the cylinder body respectively; the two ends of the rotary connecting shaft penetrate through the central through holes of the corresponding bearing end covers, the rotary connecting shaft is in sealed rotary connection with the corresponding bearing end covers, and the cylinder body, the rotary connecting shaft and the bearing end covers form a rotary pair with a sealing cavity; one end of the rotary connecting shaft is connected with one end of the connecting shaft in a key manner, and a test piece is arranged at the other end of the rotary connecting shaft.
The torque testing unit comprises a strain gauge and a plurality of resistance strain gauges, wherein the resistance strain gauges are attached to the outer wall of the connecting shaft, and the signal output ends of the resistance strain gauges are electrically connected with the signal input ends of the strain gauge through a half-bridge circuit; the signal output end of the strain gauge is electrically connected with the first signal input end of the controller.
The chassis comprises a sliding rail, a sliding block and a baffle for blocking the sliding block, the sliding rail is paved on the base, the sliding rail is fixedly connected with the base, and the central line of the sliding rail and the axis of the torque testing device are ensured to be in the same vertical plane; the sliding block is plugged into the sliding rail through an opening at one end of the sliding rail, so that the sliding block is ensured to slide along the central line of the sliding rail; the sliding rail is provided with a strip-shaped slit for inserting the baffle along the direction of the cross section of the sliding rail.
The pressure testing unit comprises a testing plate, a testing head and strain type pressure sensors, one end of the testing plate is fixedly connected with the top of the lifting device, the strain type pressure sensors are arranged at the other end of the testing plate, and each strain type pressure sensor is provided with the testing head for testing pressure; the signal output end of the strain type pressure sensor is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller.
The lifting device is a hydraulic driving lifting column and comprises an outer cylinder and an inner core, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with a sliding block of the underframe; the lower end of the inner core is inserted into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder and is in sliding connection with the inner core, and the top of the inner core is fixedly connected with a test plate of the pressure test unit; and a sealing gap between the inner core and the outer cylinder is filled with lubricating liquid.
The test board is divided into a circular disc for adjusting the horizontal rotation angle of the test head and a cuboid for installing the test head; the test board circular disc is embedded into a circular hole which is arranged at the top of the inner core and is equivalent to the radius of the circular disc and fixedly connected with the circular disc through a bolt, and the cuboid of the test board extends out from a mounting hole which is arranged on the side surface of the top of the inner core; the test board is arranged in the inner core of the lifting device through the circular hole and the mounting hole on the side surface; the right side and the lower side of the cuboid end part of the test plate are respectively connected with a strain type pressure sensor; the right side strain type pressure sensor is connected with a column type test head of the test piece for measuring the plane surface of the test piece, and the lower side strain type pressure sensor is connected with an arc type test head for testing the pressure of the arc surface and the bionic non-smooth surface; the signal output end of the strain type pressure sensor is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller.
The driving device comprises a driving motor and a motor supporting table for installing the driving motor, wherein the bottom of the motor supporting table is fixedly connected with the base, the driving motor is installed at the top of the motor supporting table, and the central shaft of an output shaft of the driving motor, the central shaft of the transmission unit and the central shaft of the test unit are coaxial.
During testing, the test piece is fixed on the rotary connecting shaft through threaded connection, the height of the lifting device is adjusted, the coincidence of the axis of the test head and the center line of the test piece is guaranteed, then the position of the sliding block is adjusted to enable the columnar test head to be in contact with the end face of the test piece and be tightly pressed, and the sliding block is blocked by the baffle plate, so that the columnar test head cannot move leftwards along the center line. And starting the motor to enable the test piece to rotate along with the shaft, obtaining a torque value through a strain gauge finally through line strain generated by a resistance strain gauge positioned on the sleeve type connecting shaft, and obtaining the pressure applied to the test piece through a strain type pressure sensor. According to the relation between the torque and the friction force, the friction force can be obtained through calculation, and then the friction resistance coefficient of the test piece can be obtained through calculation according to the equivalent relation among the friction force, the friction resistance coefficient and the positive pressure.
For the test of friction resistance coefficient of bionic non-smooth surface, firstly, the cylindrical surface of the test piece is processed by a lathe to form the non-smooth surface meeting the requirement, such as a surface with small protrusions, an inclined groove surface and the like, the arc-shaped test head is tightly pressed on the cylindrical surface side of the non-smooth surface of the test piece, so that the test surface and the arc-shaped test head have more contact areas, the pressure of the non-smooth surface test piece can be obtained by a strain-type pressure sensor positioned on the arc-shaped test head, and the friction resistance coefficient of the non-smooth surface can be finally obtained by combining the torque value measured by a torque test device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the shaft is connected with the test piece through threads, the fixing mode is simple, and the whole experimental device is more compact in structure. And the screw connection adopts the direction opposite to the motor steering, and during the test, along with the motor rotation, the test piece is tighter with the hub connection, makes this fixed mode safe and reliable more. The hydraulic drive lifting device is introduced to adjust the upper and lower positions of the test head, so that the defects of low manual adjustment speed, labor waste and the like are avoided. Limiting the left movement of the sliding block can be realized only by controlling the position of the baffle plate, and the operation is simple and convenient. The test head for testing pressure has two forms of column type and arc type, and can be used for testing the friction resistance coefficient of a plane test piece on the surface and testing the friction resistance coefficients of surfaces with different roughness and bionic non-smooth surfaces.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a torque testing device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the specimen fixation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a quill according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the telescopic connecting shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of the pressure test apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a top view of the lifting device test board connection of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a plan view of the slide rail of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a side view of the slide rail of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a test board according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a non-smooth surface cross-section of a test piece according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings
Referring to the drawings:
embodiment 1 the invention relates to a friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic driving, which comprises a torque testing device 1, a pressure testing device 2, a base 3 and a controller, wherein the torque testing device 1 is fixedly connected with the base 3, the pressure testing device 2 is in sliding connection with the base 3, and the sliding center line of the pressure testing device 2 and the axis of the torque testing device 1 are in the same vertical plane; the signal output end of the torque testing device 1 and the signal output end of the pressure testing device 2 are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of the controller;
the torque testing device 1 comprises a driving device 11 for providing a rotary driving force, a transmission unit 12 for transmitting the driving force, a test unit 13 for installing a test piece and a torque testing unit 14 for measuring the torque of the transmission unit, wherein the driving device 11 and the test unit 13 are coaxially arranged on the base 3, and an output shaft of the driving device 11 is fixedly connected with the test unit 13 through the transmission unit 12 to realize the transmission of the driving force; the testing end of the torque testing unit 14 is attached to the surface of the transmission unit 12; the signal output end of the torque testing unit 14 is electrically connected with the controller;
the pressure testing device 2 comprises a bottom frame 21, a lifting device 22 for adjusting the height of a testing end and a pressure testing unit 23 for pressing on the surface of a test piece, wherein the bottom frame 21 is in sliding connection with the base 3, the bottom of the lifting device 22 is fixedly connected with the bottom frame 21, and the pressure testing unit 23 is arranged at the top of the lifting device 22; the free end of the pressure testing unit 23 is provided with a testing head for pressing on the surface of a test piece, and the signal output end of the pressure testing unit 23 is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller.
The transmission unit 12 is a sleeve-type connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is axially provided with through holes penetrating through two end surfaces of the connecting shaft, and one end of the connecting shaft is in key connection with an output shaft of the driving device 11; the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the mounting shaft key of the test unit 13; the central lines of the driving device 11, the transmission unit 12 and the test unit 13 are overlapped, so that the transmission of force is ensured to be linear transmission.
The test unit 13 comprises a cylinder 131, a rotary connecting shaft 132, a bearing end cover 133 and a bearing 134, wherein the cylinder 131 is arranged on the base 3 through a support frame 135, the bearings 134 for horizontally supporting the rotary connecting shaft 132 are arranged at two end parts of an inner cavity of the cylinder 131, and the bearing end covers 133 for preventing the bearings 134 from moving axially are fixedly connected at two end surfaces of the cylinder 131 respectively; the two ends of the rotary connecting shaft 132 penetrate through the central through holes of the corresponding bearing end caps 133, the rotary connecting shaft 132 is in sealed rotary connection with the corresponding bearing end caps 133, and the cylinder 131, the rotary connecting shaft 132 and the bearing end caps 133 form a rotary pair with a sealing cavity; one end of the rotating connecting shaft 132 is connected with one end of the connecting shaft in a key way, and the other end of the rotating connecting shaft is provided with a test piece 4.
The torque testing unit 14 comprises a strain gauge 141 and a plurality of resistance strain gauges 142, wherein the resistance strain gauges 142 are attached to the outer wall of the connecting shaft, and the signal output end of each resistance strain gauge 142 is electrically connected with the signal input end of the strain gauge 141 through a half-bridge circuit; the signal output of the strain gauge 141 is electrically connected to the first signal input of the controller.
The underframe 21 comprises a sliding rail 211, a sliding block 212 and a baffle 213 for blocking the sliding block, wherein the sliding rail 211 is paved on the base 3, the sliding rail 211 is fixedly connected with the base 3, and the central line of the sliding rail 211 and the axis of the torque testing device 14 are ensured to be in the same vertical plane; the sliding block 212 is plugged into the sliding rail 211 through an opening at one end of the sliding rail, so that the sliding block 212 is ensured to slide along the central line of the sliding rail 211; the sliding rail 211 is provided with a strip-shaped slit along the cross section direction thereof for inserting the baffle 213.
The pressure testing unit 23 comprises a testing plate 231, a testing head 232 and strain type pressure sensors 233, wherein one end of the testing plate 231 is fixedly connected with the top of the lifting device 22, the other end of the testing plate is provided with the strain type pressure sensors 233, and each strain type pressure sensor 233 is provided with the testing head 232 for testing pressure; the signal output of the strain gauge pressure sensor 233 is electrically connected to the second signal input of the controller.
The lifting device 22 is a hydraulic driving lifting column and comprises an outer cylinder 221 and an inner core 222, wherein the bottom of the outer cylinder 221 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 212 of the underframe 21; the lower end of the inner core 222 is inserted into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 221 and is in sliding connection with the inner cylinder, and the top of the inner core 222 is fixedly connected with the test plate 231 of the pressure test unit 23; the sealing gap between the inner core 222 and the outer cylinder 221 is filled with a lubricating liquid. The lifting column adopts hydraulic oil as a driving medium, the lower part of the inner core of the lifting column is filled with the hydraulic oil, and the lifting of the lifting column is controlled through an external hydraulic power unit.
The test board 231 is divided into a circular disk for adjusting the horizontal rotation angle of the test head and a cuboid for installing the test head; the circular disc of the test board 231 is embedded into a circular hole which is arranged at the top of the inner core 222 and is equivalent to the radius of the circular disc and is fixedly connected with the circular disc through a bolt, and the cuboid of the test board 231 extends out from a mounting hole which is arranged at the side surface of the top of the inner core 222; the test plate 231 is placed on the inner core 222 of the elevating device 22 through the circular hole and the side mounting hole; strain type pressure sensors 233 are respectively connected to the right side and the lower side of the rectangular end of the test plate 231; the right side strain type pressure sensor is connected with a pressure column type test head of the test piece for measuring the surface of the test piece to be a plane, and the lower side strain type pressure sensor is connected with an arc type test head for testing the pressure of the arc surface and the bionic non-smooth surface; the signal output end of the strain type pressure sensor is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller.
The driving device 11 comprises a driving motor 111 and a motor supporting table 112 for installing the driving motor, the bottom of the motor supporting table 112 is fixedly connected with the base 3, the driving motor 111 is installed at the top of the motor supporting table 112, and the central shaft of the output shaft of the driving motor 111, the central shaft of the transmission unit and the central shaft of the test unit are coaxial.
During testing, the test piece 4 is fixed on the rotary connecting shaft 132 through threaded connection, the height of the lifting device 22 is adjusted, the coincidence of the axis of the test head 232 and the center line of the test piece 4 is ensured, then the column-shaped test head is contacted with the end face of the test piece 4 and is pressed through adjusting the position of the slide block 212, and the slide block 212 is blocked by the baffle 213, so that the slide block cannot move leftwards along the center line. The driving motor 111 is started to rotate the test piece 4 along with the rotation of the connecting shaft 132, the torque value is finally obtained by the strain gauge 141 through the line strain generated by the resistance strain gauge 142 positioned on the sleeve connecting shaft 12, and the pressure applied to the test piece can be obtained by the strain gauge pressure sensor 233. According to the relation between torque M [ N.m ] and friction force FN, the magnitude of friction force F=M/L can be obtained through calculation, then the magnitude of friction resistance coefficient of the test piece can be obtained through calculation through the equivalent relation mu=F/N among friction force FN, friction resistance coefficient mu and positive pressure NN.
For the test of the friction resistance coefficient of the bionic non-smooth surface, firstly, the cylindrical surface of the test piece 4 is processed through a lathe to form the non-smooth surface meeting the requirements, such as a surface with small protrusions, an inclined groove surface and the like, the arc-shaped test head is tightly pressed on the cylindrical surface side of the non-smooth surface of the test piece, so that the test surface and the arc-shaped test head have more contact areas, the pressure of the non-smooth surface test piece can be obtained through the strain-type pressure sensor positioned on the arc-shaped test head, and the friction resistance coefficient of the non-smooth surface can be finally obtained by combining the torque value measured through the torque testing device.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the torque testing device is mainly used for testing the torque applied to the test piece. The driving motor 111 is fixed to the motor support table 112 by bolts, and the motor support table 112 is fixedly connected to the base 3 by bolts. The output shaft of the driving motor 111 is connected with the right side of the transmission unit 12 (i.e., the sleeve-type connecting shaft) through a key, and the left side of the transmission unit 12 is connected with the rotating connecting shaft 132 of the fixed test piece through the cooperation of the key and the key groove. The rotary connecting shaft 132 for fixing the test piece is fixed by a cylinder 131 and a bearing 134. The cylinder 131 is welded with the support frame 135, and the support frame 135 is fixed on the base 3 through bolt connection. The rotary connecting shaft 132 passes through the cylinder 131 along the axis of the cylinder 131, the rolling bearings 134 are sleeved on the two sides of the inside of the cylinder 131 through the shaft shoulders on the left side and the right side of the rotary connecting shaft 132, the rotary connecting shaft 132 is supported, the two bearing end covers 133 are sleeved on the rotary connecting shaft 132 from the two sides respectively, the bearing end covers 133 are connected with the cylinder 131 through bolts, and the bearing end covers 133 are sealed with the rotary connecting shaft 132 through sealing rings 136. Due to the presence of the motor support table 112, and the support frame 135, it is ensured that the axes of the driving motor 111 and the rotation connecting shaft 132 are along the same direction. The left end of the rotary connecting shaft 132 is provided with a threaded hole, and before the test piece 4 is tested, an external thread with a proper length is turned along one end of the test piece, so that the rotary connecting shaft 132 is in threaded connection with the test piece 4. The clamping device can be prevented from loosening or the test piece can be moved in the axial direction. The screw thread connection can be adopted to enable the test piece 4 to be propped against the screw hole on the rotary connecting shaft 132, so that the test piece can not move along the radial direction and is limited in the axial direction, and in the test process, the steering direction of the driving motor 111 and the rotation direction of the test piece 4 when the test piece 4 is in screw thread fit with the rotary connecting shaft 132 are kept opposite. Thus, along with the rotation of the motor, the fixing between the test piece 4 and the rotating connecting shaft 132 is firmer, safer and more reliable.
A method of sleeve connection shaft torque measurement is described with reference to fig. 1 and 3. Two key grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the transmission unit 12, the right side of the transmission unit is connected with a shaft of the driving motor 111 through the key grooves, the left side of the transmission unit is connected with a rotary connecting shaft 132 for fixing a test piece, a resistance type strain gauge 142 is stuck on the transmission unit 12, the resistance type strain gauge is stuck along the 45-degree direction of the axis of the transmission unit 12 and is connected with the strain gauge 141 to form a half-bridge circuit, strain reading of the strain gauge 141 can be obtained according to the half-bridge principle, the connecting shaft is made of Q235 steel, and interface design at two ends is carried out according to corresponding national standards, so that the real-time torque value can be reflected by the reading of the strain gauge 141.
With reference to fig. 5, 6 and 7, the pressure testing apparatus mainly includes: test board 231, hydraulic drive elevating gear 22, slider 212, baffle 213, slide rail 211. The sliding rail 211 is fixed on the base 3 through a bolt, the sliding block 212 is plugged into the sliding rail 211 through an opening at one end of the sliding rail 211, and the sliding rail needs to ensure proper length, so that the sliding block 212 can slide left and right along the center line of the sliding rail 211. The centerline of the slide 211 remains in the same vertical plane as the axis of the torque testing device. The lifting device 22 is fixedly connected with the slide block 212 through bolts. The lifting device 22 consists of an outer cylinder 221 and an inner core 222, the inner core 222 is a solid cylinder, a gap between the outer cylinder 221 and the inner core 222 is filled with lubricating liquid to lubricate, and the lifting device 22 is driven by an external hydraulic power unit to move up and down. The test board 231 is placed in the hole on the inner core of the lifting device, the left side of the test board 231 is a circular disc, and the right side of the test board is a cuboid with a square cross section. The top of the inner core of the lifting device 22 is provided with a circular hole, the depth of the hole is slightly deeper than the thickness of the circular disc, and the right side of the inner core is provided with a strip-shaped slit slightly wider than the width of the square section of the cuboid of the test board 231. The test plate 231 is clamped into the inner core of the lifting device 22 through the circular hole and the strip-shaped seam, and the circular disc and the inner core are connected and fixed through bolts. The inner core and the test board 231 are fixed into a whole, and the test board 231 can move up and down along with the movement of the inner core, so that the vertical position of the test head is driven to change. And the side turning of the test board due to the action of force in the test process is prevented. The right end of the rectangular parallelepiped of the test plate 231 is connected to a strain gauge pressure sensor 233, followed by a column-type test head 232. The lower portion of the cuboid near the right is also connected to a strain gauge pressure sensor, followed by an arc test head 234. The rectangular parallelepiped is screwed to the strain gauge pressure sensor 233, the column-type test head 232, and the arc-type test head 234. During testing, the position of the test head cannot be changed, and thus the slider 212 cannot move leftward along the slide rail 211. The slide rail 211 is provided with a slit along the cross section, and when the slide block 212 slides to a proper position, the baffle plate can be inserted into the slit, so that the left side of the slide block 212 is limited and cannot slide leftwards. The vertical position of the test head can be adjusted by adjusting the lifting device 22, and the horizontal position of the test head can be adjusted by adjusting the slider 212. The test head can be positioned at the most proper position by combining the functions of the two.
During testing, the pressure testing device is adjusted to enable the testing head to be at a proper position: the lifting device 22 is adjusted to enable the column type test head 232 to be located at the same height with the torque test device in the vertical direction, then the sliding block 212 is adjusted to enable the column type test head 232 to be fully contacted with the test piece 4 and pressed, and the baffle 213 is inserted into the slit in the sliding rail 211 at the moment, so that the sliding block 212 cannot move left. After the adjustment is completed, the driving motor 111 is started, the rotary connecting shaft 132 for fixing the test piece is rotated through the telescopic connecting shaft 12, at this time, the test piece 4 is driven by the rotary connecting shaft 132 to start to rotate, the telescopic connecting shaft 12 is subjected to the action of torque, the resistance strain gauge 142 stuck on the telescopic connecting shaft 12 generates linear strain, and the torque value at this time can be obtained through the strain gauge. The magnitude of the positive pressure applied to the surface of the test piece 4 can be obtained by the strain type pressure sensor 233. The magnitude of the friction force can be obtained by utilizing the relation between the torque and the friction force, and then the final magnitude of the friction resistance coefficient can be obtained by substituting the obtained data through the relation among the friction force, the positive pressure and the friction resistance coefficient.
In the pressure test device, the test head is not only provided with a column-shaped test head but also provided with an arc-shaped test head, so that the device can be used for testing the friction resistance coefficient of a test piece with a planar surface, and can be used for testing the friction resistance coefficient of a bionic non-smooth surface. The method of testing the bionic non-smooth surface pressure is described in connection with fig. 2, 5 and 10. The bionic non-smooth surface in fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a non-smooth surface test piece with hemispherical protrusions, the arc-shaped test head is contacted and pressed with the hemispherical protrusion surface 41 on the cylindrical surface of the test piece 4 by adjusting the position of the test plate 231 during testing, when the test piece rotates stably along with the shaft, the pressure value on the bionic non-smooth surface can be obtained by the strain-type pressure sensor on the arc-shaped test head, and the magnitude of the surface friction resistance coefficient of the non-smooth surface can be obtained by the relation among friction force, positive pressure and friction resistance coefficient in combination with the torque value obtained by the torque testing device.
The embodiments described in the present specification are merely examples of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but also equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art according to the inventive concept.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a frictional resistance coefficient testing arrangement based on hydraulic drive which characterized in that: the device comprises a torque testing device, a pressure testing device, a base and a controller, wherein the torque testing device is fixedly connected with the base, the pressure testing device is in sliding connection with the base, and the sliding center line of the pressure testing device and the axis of the torque testing device are in the same vertical plane; the signal output end of the torque testing device and the signal output end of the pressure testing device are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of the controller;
the torque testing device comprises a driving device for providing rotary driving force, a transmission unit for transmitting the driving force, a test unit for installing a test piece and a torque testing unit for measuring the torque of the transmission unit, wherein the driving device and the test unit are coaxially installed on the base, and an output shaft of the driving device is fixedly connected with the test unit through the transmission unit to realize transmission of the driving force; the transmission unit is a sleeve type connecting shaft, a through hole penetrating through two end faces of the connecting shaft is axially formed in the connecting shaft, and one end of the connecting shaft is connected with an output shaft key of the driving device; the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the mounting shaft key of the test unit; the central lines of the driving device, the transmission unit and the test unit are overlapped, so that the force transmission is ensured to be linear transmission; the torque testing unit comprises a strain gauge and a plurality of resistance strain gauges, wherein the resistance strain gauges are adhered to the outer wall of the connecting shaft, and the resistance strain gauges are adhered along the direction of 45 degrees of the axis of the transmission unit; the signal output end of the resistance strain gauge is electrically connected with the signal input end of the strain gauge through a half-bridge circuit; the signal output end of the strain gauge is electrically connected with the first signal input end of the controller; the testing end of the torque testing unit is stuck on the surface of the transmission unit; the signal output end of the torque testing unit is electrically connected with the controller;
the pressure testing device comprises a bottom frame, a lifting device for adjusting the height of the testing end and a pressure testing unit for pressing the surface of the test piece, wherein the bottom frame is in sliding connection with the base, the bottom of the lifting device is fixedly connected with the bottom frame, and the pressure testing unit is arranged at the top of the lifting device; the free end of the pressure test unit is provided with a test head for pressing on the surface of the test piece, and the signal output end of the pressure test unit is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller;
the pressure testing unit comprises a testing plate, a testing head and strain type pressure sensors, one end of the testing plate is fixedly connected with the top of the lifting device, the strain type pressure sensors are arranged at the other end of the testing plate, and each strain type pressure sensor is provided with the testing head for testing pressure; the signal output end of the strain type pressure sensor is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller; the test board is divided into a circular disc for adjusting the horizontal rotation angle of the test head and a cuboid for installing the test head; the test board circular disc is embedded into a circular hole which is arranged at the top of the inner core and is equivalent to the radius of the circular disc and fixedly connected with the circular disc through a bolt, and the cuboid of the test board extends out from a mounting hole which is arranged on the side surface of the top of the inner core; the test board is arranged in the inner core of the lifting device through the circular hole and the mounting hole on the side surface; the right side and the lower side of the cuboid end part of the test plate are respectively connected with a strain type pressure sensor; the right side strain type pressure sensor is connected with a pressure column type test head of the test piece for measuring the surface of the test piece to be a plane, and the lower side strain type pressure sensor is connected with an arc type test head for testing the pressure of the arc surface and the bionic non-smooth surface; the signal output end of the strain type pressure sensor is electrically connected with the second signal input end of the controller.
2. A hydraulically driven friction coefficient testing device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the test unit comprises a cylinder body, a rotary connecting shaft, a bearing end cover and a bearing, wherein the cylinder body is arranged on the base through a supporting frame, the bearings for horizontally supporting the rotary connecting shaft are arranged at the two end parts of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the two end surfaces of the cylinder body are respectively fixedly connected with the bearing end cover for preventing the bearing from moving axially; the two ends of the rotary connecting shaft penetrate through the central through holes of the corresponding bearing end covers, the rotary connecting shaft is in sealed rotary connection with the corresponding bearing end covers, and the cylinder body, the rotary connecting shaft and the bearing end covers form a rotary pair with a sealing cavity; one end of the rotary connecting shaft is connected with one end of the connecting shaft in a key manner, and a test piece is arranged at the other end of the rotary connecting shaft.
3. A hydraulically driven friction coefficient testing device as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the chassis comprises a sliding rail, a sliding block and a baffle for blocking the sliding block, the sliding rail is paved on the base, the sliding rail is fixedly connected with the base, and the central line of the sliding rail and the axis of the torque testing device are ensured to be in the same vertical plane; the sliding block is plugged into the sliding rail through an opening at one end of the sliding rail, so that the sliding block is ensured to slide along the central line of the sliding rail; the sliding rail is provided with a strip-shaped slit for inserting the baffle along the direction of the cross section of the sliding rail.
4. A hydraulically driven friction coefficient testing device as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the lifting device is a hydraulic driving lifting column and comprises an outer cylinder and an inner core, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with a sliding block of the underframe; the lower end of the inner core is inserted into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder and is in sliding connection with the inner core, and the top of the inner core is fixedly connected with a test plate of the pressure test unit; and a sealing gap between the inner core and the outer cylinder is filled with lubricating liquid.
5. A hydraulically driven friction coefficient testing device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the driving device comprises a driving motor and a motor supporting table for installing the driving motor, wherein the bottom of the motor supporting table is fixedly connected with the base, the driving motor is installed at the top of the motor supporting table, and the central shaft of an output shaft of the driving motor, the central shaft of the transmission unit and the central shaft of the test unit are coaxial.
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| CN201710059756.7A CN106680199B (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2017-01-24 | Friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic drive |
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| CN201710059756.7A CN106680199B (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2017-01-24 | Friction resistance coefficient testing device based on hydraulic drive |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108007824A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of fluid viscosity measuring device and test method |
| CN110646341B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2024-07-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Testing device capable of realizing friction resistance between non-smooth surface solid wall surfaces |
| CN112067548A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-11 | 中国计量大学 | Portable surface resistance coefficient testing arrangement |
| CN116317322B (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏智马科技有限公司 | Motor shaft, test tool and test method thereof |
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