CN204613029U - A kind of uniaxial tension device - Google Patents
A kind of uniaxial tension device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204613029U CN204613029U CN201520338132.5U CN201520338132U CN204613029U CN 204613029 U CN204613029 U CN 204613029U CN 201520338132 U CN201520338132 U CN 201520338132U CN 204613029 U CN204613029 U CN 204613029U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to Geotechnical Engineering field of experiment equipment.A kind of uniaxial tension device, comprises base, described base is provided with reaction frame; Described base is installed the first holder, described first holder connects the jacking gear in base; Described reaction frame is provided with second holder corresponding in opposite directions with the first holder; Described second holder is connected with reaction frame by spring; Length measuring instrument is provided with between described second holder and reaction frame.The utility model utilizes the spring demarcated, and records strain when soil sample or sample are destroyed, then drawn the tensile strength values of soil sample by Hooke's law by length measuring instrument.The pulling force of sample utilizes the strain of spring to carry out inverse and records, and this device takes bottom to change displacement, effectively decreases sample and to conduct oneself with dignity the impact brought measurement result.The utility model accuracy is higher compared to existing technology.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to Geotechnical Engineering field of experiment equipment, particularly relates to a kind of uniaxial tension device and method of testing thereof of soil.
Background technology
The tensile strength of soil, because its value is less, is not often valued by the people, and along with the development of soil mechanics and the raising to construction quality requirement, the research thinking little of the tensile strength of soil can not adapt to the development in epoch.Especially along with the construction of high earth and rockfill dam increases, the generation in the crack of earth and rockfill dam is relevant with the tensile strength of soil, becomes particularly important with regard to making the tensile strength studying soil.The tensile test test of existing soil measures the tensile strength of soil mainly through direct tensile test (uniaxial tensile test and triaxial extension test) and Indirect Tensile Tests (native beam deflection test, axial crushing test), but generally adopt Indirect Tensile Tests in reality, and seldom adopting direct tensile test, main cause is to lack suitable test device.And the device of existing direct tensile test is mainly divided into horizontal tensile device and vertical tensile device.
Disclose the easy device measuring clay tensile strength in the application of 201420121776.4, its method adopting fixture to clamp sample fixes soil sample.But the power that fixture fixes soil sample is not easy to control, large be easily caught broken soil sample, little soil sample can be made to loosen, and cannot measure.And also need to consider that friction force is on the impact of experimental result.
Vertical tensile device used in the research of the tensile strength influence factor of unsaturation compacted soil " saturated with " of Zhu Jianhua, needs when measuring to consider that the deadweight of soil sample is on the impact of measuring.
Disclose the test unit of ground tension in the application of 201320248708.x, wherein sample adopts I shape sample, and sample is not easy to produce.And test unit manufacturing process is comparatively complicated.
At Hu Haijun, adopt 502 glue that sample is connected with instrument in " pre-test that method for making sample affects disturbed loess uniaxial tension test " of Jiang Mingjing etc., there is the possibility that sample ruptures from bonding part, and cause the result of test invalid.
Utility model content
Goal of the invention of the present utility model is: for above-mentioned technical matters, provides a kind of uniaxial tension device.
Technical solutions of the utility model are: a kind of uniaxial tension device, comprises base, and described base is provided with reaction frame; Described base is installed the first holder, described first holder connects the jacking gear in base; Described reaction frame is provided with second holder corresponding in opposite directions with the first holder; Described second holder is connected with reaction frame by spring; Length measuring instrument is provided with between described second holder and reaction frame.
The utility model utilizes the spring demarcated, and records strain when soil sample or sample are destroyed, then drawn the tensile strength values of soil sample by Hooke's law by length measuring instrument.The pulling force of sample utilizes the strain of spring to carry out inverse and records, and this device takes bottom to change displacement, effectively decreases sample and to conduct oneself with dignity the impact brought measurement result.The utility model accuracy is higher compared to existing technology.
Preferably, described length measuring instrument is dial gauge, and described dial gauge one end is fixed on reaction frame, and its measuring junction contacts the second holder upper surface.Dial gauge can provide accurate size support to length variations, the degree of accuracy of dial gauge adopted as the utility model is 0.01mm, improves the tensile strength accuracy calculating sample.Certainly, length measuring instrument also can be same accuracy or more high-precision digital length measurement mechanism, as laser length measuring instrument.
Preferably, described first holder and the second holder are respectively equipped with adhesive board, described adhesive board is provided with adhesive trough; The adhesive trough of described first holder and the second holder is corresponding in opposite directions.It is fixing to clamping of sample that adhesive board and adhesive trough combine formation.Be optimized this technical scheme, described first holder comprises force transmitting board, adhesive board and adhesive trough; Described force transmitting board is connected with jacking gear, and described adhesive board is bolted on force transmitting board, and described adhesive trough is by draw-in groove or be bolted to adhesive board upper surface.
Preferably, described adhesive trough outer wall is set with fine setting folder, described fine setting folder comprises the arciform elastic strip of two symmetries, and described elastic strip corresponding end is bolted.Fine setting folder is for being clipped in accuracy adhesive trough ensureing specimen size.
Preferably, described adhesive trough is made up of the circular geosynclinal block that at least two valve structures are consistent.Sample is generally soil sample, and sample exists frangibility, and external touching easily destroys sample structure, thus has influence on the result of test.Adhesive trough is made up of many lobes geosynclinal block, can fit fixing one by one along sample surrounding, and the size caused due to sample production reason avoided differs, and existing specimen holder size is fixed, and causes and to clamp excessively sample or to clamp lax, affect test result when clamping.
Preferably, described adhesive board working end and adhesive trough inner surface smear organic bond.Sample is connected with adhesive trough with adhesive board simultaneously, decreases the situation occurring from bonding part to destroy.
Preferably, described jacking gear comprises elevating lever connected successively, worm screw and handwheel, and described elevating lever is vertically arranged and its top connects the first holder, and described handwheel is arranged on pan frontward end face.
According to above-mentioned technical scheme, disclosed herein is and be applied to method of testing of the present utility model, specifically carry out according to following steps,
Sample two ends are separately fixed on the first holder and the second holder by step 1;
Step 2, adjustment length measuring instrument numerical value is zero, record specimen height h;
Step 3, starts jacking gear, by the first holder at the uniform velocity progressively to bottom offset, and each displacement L;
Step 4, when sample destroys, record displacement frequency n, length measuring instrument number numerical value R;
Step 5, obtaining sample axial strain by formulae discovery is ε
1=Δ h/h, Δ h=n Δ L-R.
The utility model method of testing is optimized further, specifically carries out according to following steps,
Step 1, is screwed in a lobe geosynclinal block of adhesive trough on the adhesive board of the first holder, and coats organic bond inside described geosynclinal block; Organic bond is coated at the two ends of sample, and described sample is vertically placed on adhesive board and also and inside described geosynclinal block fits; All the other geosynclinal blocks of described adhesive trough are coated organic bond one by one, around laminating sample be screwed on adhesive board;
Step 2, starts jacking gear, and risen by the first holder, sample top contacts with the adhesive board of the second holder, repeats the operation to adhesive trough in step 1 to the second holder;
Step 3, adjustment length measuring instrument numerical value is zero, record specimen height h;
Step 4, starts jacking gear, by the first holder at the uniform velocity progressively to bottom offset, and each displacement L;
Step 5, when sample destroys, record displacement frequency n, length measuring instrument number numerical value R;
Step 6, obtaining sample axial strain by formulae discovery is=Δ h/h, Δ h=n Δ L-R.
At present, the device of direct tensile test is mainly divided into horizontal tensile device and vertical tensile device.Wherein horizontal tensile device needs the problem solved to have the friction force of pulley to the impact of surveyed tensile strength values, also has the problem that sample also easily fractures in addition.And adopt the problem solved required for vertical device to be that sample draws the impact of surveyed tensile value from gravity antagonism.If the method that tensile device adopts fixture to clamp sample fixes sample, but the power that fixture fixes sample is not easy control, large is easily caught broken sample, little sample can be made to loosen, and causes measurement to be forbidden.Existing employing adhesives sample is all adopt to be connected with force transferring structure at sample two ends, and one side is bonding easily destroys from bonding part, and causes measured result meaningless.
The utility model adopts sample to be connected with adhesive trough with adhesive board simultaneously, decreases the situation occurring from bonding part to destroy.The pulling force of sample utilizes the strain of spring to carry out inverse and records, and this device takes bottom to change displacement, effectively decreases sample and to conduct oneself with dignity the impact brought measurement result.It is make simply that the utility model raw material makes, with low cost, easy to use, simple and reliable for structure.
The utility model beneficial effect is:
1. mainly for vertical tensile device, the utility model need consider that test sample is from the impact of gravity on soil body tensile value, thus reduces sample from the error caused by gravity.
2. the utility model first adopts bonding agent sample and adhesive board and adhesive trough to be bondd, and forms an all-in-one-piece bond effect.Both decrease the two ends that existing employing bonding agent is directly coated in sample to be connected with force transferring structure, and cause the situation from bonding part fracture; Turn avoid the power of fixing sample because of fixture be not easy to control and make experimental result inaccurate.
3. the utility model is to sample without particular/special requirement, reduces the complexity producing sample.
4. the utility model strain carrys out inverse pulling force, and principle is simply easy to operation.
5. the utility model structure is simple, and make by current material and equipment, with low cost, cost effectiveness is high, is suitable for spread and uses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the utility model first fixing seat mounting structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the utility model adhesive trough structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the utility model geosynclinal block structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the utility model dynamometric system constructive embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the utility model dynamometric system constructive embodiment 2.
Wherein, 1-base, 2-reaction frame, 3-first holder, 4-second holder, 5-Connection Block, 6-spring, 7-dial gauge, 8-adhesive board, 9-adhesive trough, 10-jacking gear, 11-handwheel, 12-force transmitting board, 13-finely tune folder, 14-geosynclinal block, 15-otic placode.
Embodiment
Implement to be specifically described to the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The sample mentioned in the utility model is the soil sample that need detect, and is according to detecting the soil sample needing the regulation geomery made.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model structural representation.Comprise base 1 and erect the reaction frame 2 arranged, reaction frame 2 is arranged on base 1; Base 1 upper surface is installed the first holder 3, first holder 3 and is connected jacking gear 10 in base 1; Reaction frame 2 is provided with second holder 4 corresponding in opposite directions with the first holder 3; Second holder 4 is connected with reaction frame 2 by spring 6; Be provided with length measuring instrument between second holder 4 and reaction frame 2, length measuring instrument specifically adopts precision to be the dial gauge 7 of 0.01mm.For convenience of measuring and installing, described spring 6 is specifically arranged on Connection Block 5 lower surface on reaction frame 2, and dial gauge 7 one end is fixed on Connection Block 5, and its measuring junction contacts the second holder 4 upper surface.Dial gauge 7 can provide accurate size support to length variations.
Certainly, length measuring instrument also can be same accuracy or more high-precision digital length measurement mechanism, as laser length measuring instrument.
Concrete, the first holder 3 and the second holder 4 are respectively equipped with adhesive board 8, adhesive board 8 are provided with adhesive trough 9; The adhesive trough 9 of the first holder 3 and the second holder 4 is corresponding in opposite directions.It is fixing to clamping of sample that adhesive board 8 and adhesive trough 9 combine formation.
As shown in Figure 2, the first holder 3 mounting structure schematic diagram.First holder 3 comprises force transmitting board 12, adhesive board 8 and adhesive trough 9; Force transmitting board 12 is connected with jacking gear 10, and adhesive board 8 is bolted on force transmitting board 12, and described adhesive trough 9 is fixed on adhesive board 8 upper surface by draw-in groove.Adhesive trough 9 outer wall is set with fine setting folder 13, fine setting folder 13 comprises the arciform elastic strip of two symmetries, and described elastic strip corresponding end is bolted.On concrete, elastic strip is plastic strip.The degree of tightness of fine setting folder 13 is regulated by setting nut.Fine setting folder 13 is for being clipped in accuracy adhesive trough 9 ensureing specimen size.Concrete, adhesive board 8 working end and adhesive trough 9 inner surface smear organic bond.Sample is connected with adhesive trough 9 with adhesive board 8 simultaneously, decreases the situation occurring from bonding part to destroy.
Same, the second holder 4 also comprises force transmitting board 12, adhesive board 8 and adhesive trough 9; Force transmitting board 12 is arranged on Connection Block 5 lower surface, and adhesive board 8 is bolted on force transmitting board 12, and described adhesive trough 9 is fixed on adhesive board 8 upper surface by draw-in groove.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, adhesive trough 9 structure is disclosed.Adhesive trough 9 is made up of the circular geosynclinal block 14 that four valve structures are consistent.The cylindrical structure of adhesive trough 9, is provided with otic placode 15 bottom adhesive trough 9, otic placode 15 is provided with installation through hole.On concrete, be provided with otic placode 15 bottom geosynclinal block 14, otic placode 15 is provided with installation through hole.Geosynclinal block 14 sample is generally soil sample, and sample exists frangibility, and external touching easily destroys sample structure, thus has influence on the result of test.Adhesive trough 9 is made up of many lobes geosynclinal block 14, can fit fixing one by one along sample surrounding, the size caused due to sample production reason avoided differs, and existing specimen holder size is fixed, cause when clamping and clamp excessive to sample or clamp lax, affect test result.
Preferably, jacking gear 10 comprises elevating lever connected successively, worm screw and handwheel 11, and described elevating lever is vertically arranged and its top connects the first holder 3, and described handwheel 11 is arranged on base 1 front end face.Here handwheel 11 is often gone around, and the first holder 3 declines 0.01mm.
As shown in Figure 5, employing diameter is that the demarcation spring 6 of 10cm makes force transmitting board 12 be connected with reaction frame 2, and arranges a dial gauge 7 respectively at two ends, left and right, composition dynamometric system.Wherein, spring 6 and reaction frame 2, force transmitting board 12 are all adopted and are screwed, and can select suitable spring 6 according to different samples.
As shown in Figure 6, dynamometric system comprises four demarcation springs 6 and a dial gauge 7 here, demarcates spring 6 and evenly arranges between force transmitting board 12 and reaction frame 2, and dial gauge 7 is arranged on four and demarcates spring 6 centre positions.
In the utility model, base 1 is of a size of the rectangular parallelepiped of 30 × 30 × 15cm, and the diameter of handwheel 11 is 10cm, and reaction frame 2 is highly 30cm, and the length of side of two force transmitting boards 12 is 15cm, thickness is 3cm.
Because sample tensile failure is unexpected destruction, the dial gauge 7 here above force transmitting board 12 uses expendable.
According to the model machine of above-mentioned disclosed structure, carry out, to the test record of sample, the steps include:
1. prepare sample: the size of sample is installed usual production standard and made.
2. sample is installed: the first holder 3 is dropped to extreme lower position, is screwed on the adhesive board 8 of the first holder 3 by a lobe geosynclinal block 14 of adhesive trough 9, and coats organic bond inside described geosynclinal block 14; Organic bond is coated at the two ends of sample, and described sample is vertically placed on adhesive board 8 and also and inside described geosynclinal block 14 fits; All the other geosynclinal blocks 14 of described adhesive trough 9 are coated organic bond one by one, around laminating sample being screwed on adhesive board 8.
Start jacking gear 10, risen by the first holder 3, sample top contacts with the adhesive board 8 of the second holder 4, repeats the operation to adhesive trough 9 in step 1 to the second holder 4;
3. adjusting length measuring instrument numerical value is zero, records now specimen height h
0;
4. rotate handwheel 11, make the first holder 3 at the uniform velocity progressively to bottom offset, and start to record handwheel 11 number of revolutions.
5. when sample is destroyed, record handwheel 11 number of revolutions n, dial gauge 7 numerical value R.
6. obtained by formulae discovery
(1) sample axial strain is ε
1=Δ h/h, Δ h=0.01n-R.
In formula:
ε
1---axial strain (%);
H
0---test specimen starting altitude (cm);
Δ h---axial deformation (cm);
N---handwheel 11 number of revolutions;
Δ L---handwheel 11 is often gone around, the first holder force transmitting board falling head (accurate 0.01mm);
R---dial gauge reading (accurate 0.01mm).
(2) suffered axial tension stress is calculated as follows:
In formula:
σ---axle pressure (KPa);
The elastic modulus (N/0.01mm) of K---spring;
R---dial gauge reading (0.01mm);
A
a---the basal area (cm of test specimen
2).
Will be appreciated that, above-mentioned disclosed instrument is instrument of the prior art, its precision can be selected according to user, above-described embodiment is just from the one many preferred embodiments, the change of the precision of existing instrument just affects stringency of test, does not affect structure of the present invention and method impacts.
Claims (8)
1. a uniaxial tension device, comprises base, and described base is provided with reaction frame; It is characterized in that: described base is installed the first holder, described first holder connects the jacking gear in base; Described reaction frame is provided with second holder corresponding in opposite directions with the first holder; Described second holder is connected with reaction frame by spring; Length measuring instrument is provided with between described second holder and reaction frame.
2. a kind of uniaxial tension device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described length measuring instrument is dial gauge, described dial gauge one end is fixed on reaction frame, and its measuring junction contacts the second holder upper surface.
3. a kind of uniaxial tension device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first holder and the second holder are respectively equipped with adhesive board, described adhesive board is provided with adhesive trough; The adhesive trough of described first holder and the second holder is corresponding in opposite directions.
4. a kind of uniaxial tension device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first holder comprises force transmitting board, adhesive board and adhesive trough; Described force transmitting board is connected with jacking gear, and described adhesive board is bolted on force transmitting board, and described adhesive trough is by draw-in groove or be bolted to adhesive board upper surface.
5. a kind of uniaxial tension device according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described adhesive trough outer wall is set with fine setting folder, and described fine setting folder comprises the arciform elastic strip of two symmetries, and described elastic strip corresponding end is bolted.
6. a kind of uniaxial tension device according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described adhesive trough is made up of the circular geosynclinal block that at least two valve structures are consistent.
7. a kind of uniaxial tension device according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described adhesive board working end and adhesive trough inner surface smear organic bond.
8. a kind of uniaxial tension device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described jacking gear comprises elevating lever connected successively, worm screw and handwheel, described elevating lever is vertically arranged and its top connects the first holder, and described handwheel is arranged on pan frontward end face.
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| CN201520338132.5U CN204613029U (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2015-05-22 | A kind of uniaxial tension device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104849143A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-19 | 长沙理工大学 | Uniaxial tension device and testing method thereof |
| CN105716942A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Mechanical performance test clamp for polymer material in high-low-temperature environmental box |
| CN110031311A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | The method of rapid survey rock tensile mechanical properties |
-
2015
- 2015-05-22 CN CN201520338132.5U patent/CN204613029U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104849143A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-19 | 长沙理工大学 | Uniaxial tension device and testing method thereof |
| CN105716942A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Mechanical performance test clamp for polymer material in high-low-temperature environmental box |
| CN110031311A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | The method of rapid survey rock tensile mechanical properties |
| CN110031311B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2021-12-17 | 贵州工程应用技术学院 | Method for rapidly measuring tensile mechanical property of rock |
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