CN204560631U - The tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave is added from mooring - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind ofly add the tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave from mooring, it comprises the matrix pattern framework of steel pipe manufacturing, end, corner installing hanger, side is welded with steel railing and handrail, a border steel pipe and central authorities steel pipe filled plastics foaming body, central authorities' another root steel pipe installing two packs into/draining pipe valve and import/exhaust pipe valve, each joint bottom surface suspending weight bar assembly sleeved floating block, the suspending weight bar assembly of corner hangs pouring weight, and fasten lower main push-towing rope rope, the hawser of stretch-draw damping sheet, and damping sheet in stretch-draw, breeding net clothes hanging is connected on handrail, bottom fastens on lower main push-towing rope rope, from mooring line one end be placed in mud face pouring weight and be connected, the other end is connected Yu Zhuan Change column bottom pouring weight, additional outer mooring, mooring line one is bound on the hanger of corner, other end mooring is in float-type anchoring system, auxiliary mooring line is then bound on mooring line.Wind wave resistance, from mooring, ecological, environmental protective, can, with fluctuation in stage heave, be the maximum feature of this tension leg type net cage.

Description

The tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave is added from mooring

Technical field

The tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave is added from mooring, that the various degree of depth of a kind of solution is (shallow, in, the new-type economical net cage in waters deeply), when outstanding typhoon is not withdrawn or does not sink, still have reliable wind wave resistance safety, propose the new paragon from mooring simultaneously, the invention belongs to ocean engineering field.

Background technology

Cage culture is the pith of marine economy, the net cage that the polyvinyl piping materials (being called for short HDPE) introduced by Norway at present makes is in full flourish, in the yellow Bohai Sea, the East Sea, the South Sea, all in a large amount of use, this with the floating of HDPE material making or floating type net cage, although floating type net cage has sink-float function, before typhoon, can certain depth be sunken to, evade the wave stroke that the water surface is maximum, but still have following fatal defect from this net cage of practice:

1. be not suitable with the impact of ocean current, just may deform when current speed only reaches 0.257m/s according to observations, when flow velocity reaches 1m/s, body is held in loss 80% cage culture, be limited by ocean current like this, just lose the better culture resources of a large amount of water quality give-and-take conditions.

2. because this kind of net cage of above-mentioned reason can only use at right up and down inner bay, because raiser swarms in this narrow and small inner bay, cause water quality in gulf very severe, even stinking smell assaulting one's nostrils, fish poor quality, fish disease is many, coastal city loses a most valuable line seascape, this just forces local government in order to city development, have to go by force to drive inner bay, offshore cage culture family, as Guangdong is being cleared up from west to Dongdu, toll breakdown inner bay fish culture net cage, but the technical support used because not having open waters, this can catch Wu Fish with regard to making the fisherman in these past be in, again without the very difficult condition of Hai Kegeng.

3.HDPE net cage intensity is low, and plane stiffness is poor, easy unstability, in August, 2013 typhoon " especially " blows Yangjiang, Guangdong and Raoping, cause local net cage to be annihilated, present unstable failure under the rotation action of ocean current that Net-cage frame causes at typhoon, its damage-form " turns round fried dough twist " as casing.Since 2011, typhoon institute extremely, fish culture net cage is all annihilated, floating or floating type HDPE net cage may be not Anti-Typhoon, as in by the end of September, 2011 Lingao, Hainan at the fish culture net cage of open waters, be annihilated under typhoon " Ni Ge " attacks, half is blown loses to off-lying sea, half blows to bank and batters down, and the fish one of fast results is not all got back, only the economic loss of three companies nearby 800,000,000.Same disaster also occurs in September, 2013 Zhangzhou, Fujian, and typhoon " Jade Hare " causes damage several hundred million unit.Occur in the typhoon " Amazon " of Hainan and west of Guangdong Province Yuexi, Guangdong in July, 2014, countless raiser be can't regain one's original capital, although, Hainan raiser has drawn typhoon " Ni Ge " lesson that attacks in 2011 before this, has done improvement by the Oceanic and Fisheries Room 2011, Hainan Province dispatch in the end of the year " the guiding suggestion about resuming production after deep-water net cage culture calamity ".

4. the sink-float function of floating type HDPE net cage; make net cage can be sunken to certain depth before typhoon, evade the wave stroke that the water surface is maximum, but improper owing to applying waters; dive wind wave resistance effect is little; because until 2014, China there is no the net cage being placed in Deepwater Open Sea district; owing to having a series of technology and difficult management; also large fund input is needed to build off-lying sea base and the boats and ships that shuttle back and forth, so being placed in Deepwater Open Sea district is not part nothing the matter.The existing so-called deep water mesh cage said is within being placed in depth of water 20m in fact, and offshore, less than 20km, compares offshore, inner bay net cage water slightly dark, the net cage that road is slightly far a little.This shallow, middle depth of water waters, wave effect is not obvious with depth attenuation, because only have as the ratio d/ λ > 0.5 of the depth of water with wavelength, when being deep water waters, wave effect is just obvious with depth attenuation, just may be down to 1/5 of the water surface in the water particle speed at half depth of water place, the place that this few Nian Congnan shied to North Platform wind, the destruction of the net cage equal entire PLA is exactly clear proof.To this, Inst of Huanghai Sea Marine Products, Chinese Academy of Aquatic Product Science customs director great waves, Lin Defang, Huang Bin, yellow civilian Strong is in country " 863 " in China's " research and development of deep-sea wind wave resistance engineering " literary composition of writing in planning item research (see reference document 1), in discussion in the precipitation layer of elevated live cage is stressed, be prototype to arrange the depth of water be 20m, article is thought " to the wave resistance of the net cage dive originally generally believed; subtract stream effect, also to be needed to be re-recognized by a large amount of experiments." therefore, address this problem and also must set about from reinforcement net cage intensity and rigidity, fit structure pattern and Mooring Arrangements improve, we praise measure and are:

A. made by polyvinyl piping materials (being called for short HDPE) and use the much higher steel tubing of intensity instead, some technical standard order tensile yield strength >=19mpa economized of HDPE, HDPE tensile yield strength is the highest is just 26mpa, therefore, even if adopt best HDPE also less than the 1/10! of steel

B. the main float tube of HDPE net cage mostly is diameter 250mm at present, wall thickness 15mm, the rigidity of tubing is that the elastic modelling quantity of material takes advantage of cross sectional moment of inertia, about 200 times of the elastic modelling quantity of steel normally high density polyethylene (HDPE) elastic modelling quantity, more once cross sectional moment of inertia again, cross sectional moment of inertia well-known formula is I=0.0491 (D4--D14), for caliber 250mm, the pipe of wall thickness 15mm, cross sectional moment of inertia is 7678cm4, two pipes are 15356cm4, if use external diameter 478mm (450 pipe) instead, wall thickness 6mm, can be regarded as this tube section the moment of inertia is 24786cm4 according to above formula, bassoon and two tubule cross sectional moment of inertias arranged side by side are 1.6: 1, i.e. external diameter 478mm bassoon, to push up more than two external diameter 250mm tubules 60%, springform dimension and HDPE are: 200: 1, cross sectional moment of inertia formula is taken advantage of according to the elastic modelling quantity that the rigidity of tubing is material, namely the two poor rigidity reaches 320: 1, which illustrate and adopt larger caliber steel pipe significant to enhancing net cage rigidity.

C. hydrodynamic performances is chosen good, the version that capacity of anti-storm is strong.The novel tension leg type of free suspending weight as developed before recent two decades is exactly desirable version, and the type structure has following features:

● structure centre of buoyancy upper, center of gravity under, there is permanent stability and unconditionally balance, can not turning over.

● structure buoyancy is much larger than dead-weight balanced buoyancy, the buoyancy compartment of enough large buoyancy couples together with the ballast tank being positioned at the enough large ballast of column bottom, after the two is in poised state, therebetween just tension force is created, assuming that wind, wave, the horizontal force produced under flowing common action, it makes buoyancy aid generation depart from, if horizontal force produces the tilting complex torque of up time Needles, buoyancy then produces inverse time Needles righting moment, the two is just in time reverse, namely buoyancy can make it get back to equalization point by acting in opposition, thus realizes dynamic equilibrium, the principle of compliant type anchoring that Here it is.

● dynamic balance adds the reliability of mooring, and mooring force adds the restoring force of self for mooring force that outside provides.

● when being in poised state, structure has just had upright self-buoyancy, if net cage, with regard to energy self-stabilization, keeps box-shaped constant at seat the end.

D. adopt additional floating block, increase net cage buoyancy, to highlight tension leg loading characteristic.

E. hang at tension leg suspending weight block again and sit end pouring weight, this pouring weight and tension leg suspending weight interblock length, by putting down, cable is lax determining between low tide two concrete ballast body, and such net cage just with fluctuation in stage heave, and can have from mooring property

F. adopt 4 Xiang Group to close forms, structural integrity is better, anchoring system and waters availability higher, favourable reduction cost.

G. adopt bibliography [2] " can with the tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent, reduce net cage mountain peak ripple with damping sheet, reduce net cage breakage risk.Meanwhile, cultivation fish Dung just and residual bait drop on damping sheet, mud face can not be fallen into and roll up pollution source, but be converted into other fish and species nutrient, make net cage become ecological environment-friendly type net cage.

H. bibliography [4] " air bag regulate buoyancy can with the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent is adopted, propose airbag aeration exhaust and make cylinder water filling or draining, air bag was just in case lost efficacy, note/draining the pipe valve still can installed by this casing routinely and note/blow off valve realize variable buoyancy function, be actually the dual safety guaranteeing buoyancy safety, solve sink and emerge type net cage note/draining puzzlement all the time.

I. adopt the tree-shaped single point mooring system patent No. of bibliography [7]: ZL201420521171.4, net cage mooring adopts the float-type anchoring system of mooring Large marine production store oil wheel, makes net cage be in elastic bearing, realizes the power of unloading and subtracts power.

Tension leg type net cage TLC (Tension Leg Cages, referred to as TLC type net cage) oceanography institute of University Of Hainan anticipatory remark the 6th phase << fishery modernization >> in 2002 writes articles < and introduces a kind of marine fish farming tension leg net cage > and 2003.2 again write articles in " China Fisheries economy " the inspiration > that < investigates Norway offshore tension leg fish culture in net pen subsequently, point out that author passes through the investigation to Norway's seawater cage, tension leg fish culture in net pen is proposed very suitable to China's southeastern coastal areas popularization, advantage author assessment for tension leg net cage is: 1. capacity of anti-storm is stronger.It is introduced, TLC type net cage has lived through the test of the high stormy waves of 11.7m wave, safe and sound.The simpler cost of 2 structure is lower.Tension leg net cage compares with flexible cylindrical and rigidity biconial (dish-like as figure below) net cage, and structure is simpler, thus reduces cost.

But domesticly do not introduce TLC net cage so far, reason is failed by economic measures, the high withdrawal resistance solving balance tension can lean on the solid problem of Anchor.The knowledge that inventor herein builds based on offshore platform and experience, the difficult problem that the high withdrawal resistance proposing solution balance tension can lean on Anchor solid, and grind create series economic and practical, the tension leg type net cage of strong operability, in this patent by above-mentioned for reasonable combination technology, seek a kind of safer, more reliable, Anti-Typhoon, be applicable to ocean current comparatively urgency and the novel net cage without the open sea area of shield, particularly do not rely on water filling to sink these technical measures, can resist strenuously live typhoon by net cage system, it is deep-water netted case resisting wind and wave truly, simultaneously in this patent will first in the world, the innovation scheme be combined with additional mooring from mooring is proposed, it is far reaching that this tension leg type net cage for excellent performance is applied.

Bibliography

[1] " research and development of China's deep-sea wind wave resistance engineering " Inst of Huanghai Sea Marine Products, Chinese Academy of Aquatic Product Science customs director great waves, Lin Defang, Huang Bin, Huang Wen Strong

[2] " can with the tension leg type deep water mesh cage of the fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. 201320095246.2 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

[3] " the tension leg type deep water mesh cage of band surface operations platform " patent No.: ZL201320111630.7 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

[4] " air bag regulate buoyancy can with the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. ZL201320623481.2 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

[5] " the anti-floating type tension leg structure HDPE net cage swinging plate of band " patent No.: ZL201420225823.X inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

[6] " free suspending weight is anti-the swings plate floating type belt tension leg Structure Quasi flexible environment friendly type HDPE net cage " patent No.: ZL 201420268075.3 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

[7] " tree-shaped single point mooring system " patent No.: ZL201420521171.4 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

Summary of the invention

In order to break through the limitation of HDPE net cage, seek a kind of safe, reliable, Anti-Typhoon, to be applicable to ocean current comparatively anxious and without the novel net cage in the open sea area of shield, particularly do not rely on water filling to sink these technical measures, by net cage system ability, do not sink also can resist live typhoon as oil platform, aforesaid method should be adopted, from many aspects HDPE net cage is transformed.For this reason, the technical solution of the utility model is:

1. the matrix pattern framework of steel tubing making, framework corner steel tube end part installing hanger, steel railing and steel handrail is welded with by net side, pond, one in border steel pipe and central right-angled intersection two steel pipe, for the permanent buoyant tank of filled plastics foaming body, another root in central authorities' right-angled intersection steel pipe two steel pipe, / the variable buoyancy compartment of draining pipe valve and import/exhaust pipe valve two is packed into for being equiped with, one to pack into/draining pipe valve and import/exhaust pipe valve coordinate internal airbag, another packs into/and draining pipe valve and import/exhaust pipe valve are backup, to realize the reliable water filling drain function of variable buoyancy compartment.

2 in order to add the tension leg characteristic of macrostructure, sleeved floating block on the suspending weight bar assembly Zhuan Change post of each joint bottom surface, the suspending weight bar assembly of corner hangs pouring weight, and fasten lower main push-towing rope rope, another hawser for stretch-draw damping sheet is fastened below lower main push-towing rope rope, damping sheet in stretch-draw on hawser at this moment, damping sheet composite material skin or curtain are made, the buoyant mass of the plastic foam material of perforate is established in the middle of damping sheet, breeding net clothing upper longitudinal, be articulated on the handrail of framework, bottom fastens on lower main push-towing rope rope.

3 pouring weights hung Yu Zhuan Change column bottom from mooring line one end are connected, the other end is connected with the pouring weight being placed in mud face, double interblock length of warping winch is that tensioning state is as the criterion with high tide level, namely put down, between low tide pouring weight, cable is lax, such net cage just can with fluctuation in stage heave, and have from mooring property, namely outer mooring is not had can to survive in high sea yet, in order under extreme conditions survive, the outer mooring of affix, another mooring line i.e., one is bound on steel tube end part hanger, other end is bound in float-type anchoring system, corresponding auxiliary mooring line, one is bound on suspending weight bar assembly, other end is bound on mooring line

4. matrix pattern framework joint is established and is adjusted pouring weight inserted link, is finely tuned net cage floading condition by tune pouring weight.

5. clothing upper ledge rope is bound on matrix pattern framework joint tune pouring weight inserted link, realizes the duplicate protection to etting.

This patent application ocean engineering is ripe, reliably, and the technology of extensive successful Application; for raiser provides a rational in infrastructure, workable, economical and practical; stronger more firm, the better ecological environment-friendly type net cage of economy. from the innovative design of mooring; make net cage not have outer mooring also can survive in high sea, after adding upper outside mooring, mooring safety is just higher; these outstanding advantages; to become and march deep-sea, benefit fisherman, the reliable equipment of protection of the environment.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the vertical schematic diagram of the utility model structure;

Fig. 2 is that the utility model structure cabin function divides floor map;

Fig. 3 is that A amplifies axonometric three-dimensional view, represents plastic foam material in the pipe that joint place welds, shrouding, main hanger, suspending weight bar assembly, adjusts pouring weight inserted link, railing and handrail and each parts connection diagram, be particularly set with buoyant mass;

Fig. 4 is heavy concrete ballast carrier axonometric three-dimensional view;

Fig. 5 is 2--2 cutaway view, represents that schematic diagram arranged by central variable buoyancy compartment steel pipe internal airbag, import/exhaust pipe valve, note/draining pipe valve and railing post;

Fig. 6 is damping sheet horizontal layout schematic diagram;

Fig. 7 is that damping sheet connects axonometric three-dimensional view, describes damping sheet drawknot cable and the method for attachment of suspending weight bar assembly especially;

Fig. 8 is damping sheet central authorities floating block axonometric three-dimensional views;

Fig. 9 adjusts pouring weight inserted link and adjusts pouring weight scheme of installation;

Figure 10 adjusts pouring weight axonometric three-dimensional view;

Figure 11 arranges elevation from anchoring system;

Figure 12 be outer mooring arrange elevation, institute's mooring be float-type anchoring system

Figure 13 is outer mooring plane of arrangement figure, institute's mooring be float-type anchoring system.

Wherein: 1. permanent buoyant tank steel pipe, 101. plastic foam material, 102. shrouding, 2. variable buoyancy compartment steel pipe, the 201. import/exhaust pipe valves connected with air bag, 202. intake/exhaust valve pipe valve import/exhaust pipe valves for subsequent use, 203. enter/draining pipe valve, 204. air bag, 3. adjust pouring weight inserted link assembly, 301. standpipe, 302. standpipe stiffeners, 303 adjust pouring weight, 304 adjust pouring weight through hole, 4. suspending weight bar assembly, the 401. suspending weight bodies of rod, 402. link, 403. buoyant mass, 404. connect short hawser, 405. shackle, 406. connection cable, 407. pouring weight heavy concretes make, 408. pouring weight end face suspension hooks, 409. pouring weight bottom surface suspension hooks, 410. from mooring line, 5. main hanger assembly, 501. shackle plate, 502. loser, 503. add Strong ring, 6. railing post, 601. railing post stiffeners, 7. handrail tube, 8. descend main push-towing rope rope, 9. adjust pouring weight inserted link link, 10. etting, 1001. etting drawknot ropes, 11. mooring lines, 12. damping sheet drawknot cables, 13. damping sheet assemblies, the damping sheet that 1301. composite material skin or curtain are made, 1302. damping sheets connect keyhole, 1303. drawknot rope, the damping sheet floating block of 1304. perforates, 1305 damping sheet drawknot cable joining shackles, 14. float-type anchoring systems.

Embodiment

Because the utility model has followed the essential structure of traditional steel framework, be easy to make, add that clear explanation done again by drawing, as long as conscientious construction in line with the drawings, but should following points be paid close attention to:

1. pipeline section connects: pipeline section is long is generally 6m, and will reach design length by spreading, consider the welding method of spreading, lay special stress on will adapt to Site Welding.

2. the making of hanger class: hanger assembly 5, this kind of member stress is large, damage impact large, in Offshore Engineering Components classification, belong to special class and a class, postwelding will do ultrasonic examination inspection, and net cage makes and limit by cost, ocean engineering requirement can not be applied mechanically, but following requirement is reasonable, feasible, should strictly observe in making:

Strictly observe building process, Material selec-tion should select the steel that solderability is good, welding link should have perfect welding procedure, weld seam detection program, and welding personnel should hold qualified welder's certificate, forbids without card or rank deficient personnel welding.

3. the anticorrosion of structure has kinds of schemes available, can be required to determine by service life and owner.

After completing each structure manufacture by land, can proceed to the Attention problems stage, its program is:

1. before descending water, on the suspending weight body of rod 401, cover installs buoyant mass 403, and buoyant mass 403 is market commercialisation products, and market is bought.

2. first install float-type anchoring system 14 at assigned address, fasten mooring line 11, cable-end fastens mark ball float;

3. the utility model has taken into full account the operability of Attention problems, net cage frame can drag emersion sea as HDPE, suspension hook bottom pouring weight 407, mount one or one group of pouring weight again, hang over again after release position on suspension ring 402, then hang or push water, each hawser is fastened under diver assists, fasten etting, so far complete Attention problems work, note it being suspension hook bottom pouring weight 407, then mount one or one group of pouring weight, cable is long to be controlled except being tensioning state except high tide level, and between flat, low tide two concrete ballast body, cable is lax.

Find out that from above Attention problems is similar with HDPE net cage, but the utility model can rise and fall, with fluctuation in stage heave, self-stabilization, multiple protective, stronger more firm, mooring is more reliable, and ecological, environmental protective is economical and practical, is a desirable deep water mesh cage.

Claims (4)

1. add the tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave from mooring, it is characterized in that the matrix pattern framework that steel tubing makes, framework corner steel tube end part installing hanger, steel railing and steel handrail is welded with by net side, pond, one in border steel pipe and central right-angled intersection two steel pipe, for the permanent buoyant tank of filled plastics foaming body, another root in central authorities' right-angled intersection steel pipe two steel pipe, / the variable buoyancy compartment of draining pipe valve and import/exhaust pipe valve two is packed into for being equiped with, sleeved floating block on the suspending weight bar assembly Zhuan Change post of each joint bottom surface, the suspending weight bar assembly of corner hangs pouring weight, and fasten lower main push-towing rope rope, another hawser for stretch-draw damping sheet is fastened below lower main push-towing rope rope, damping sheet in stretch-draw on hawser at this moment, damping sheet composite material skin or curtain are made, the buoyant mass of the plastic foam material of perforate is established in the middle of damping sheet, breeding net clothing upper longitudinal, be articulated on the handrail of framework, bottom fastens on lower main push-towing rope rope.

2. according to claim 1ly add the tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave from mooring, it is characterized in that the pouring weight hung Yu Zhuan Change column bottom from mooring line one end is connected, the other end is connected with the pouring weight being placed in mud face, double interblock length of warping winch is that tensioning state is as the criterion with high tide level, namely put down, between low tide pouring weight, cable is lax, additional outer mooring, mooring line one is bound on steel tube end part hanger, other end is bound in float-type anchoring system, corresponding auxiliary mooring line, one is bound on suspending weight bar assembly, other end is bound on mooring line.

3. according to claim 1ly add the tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave from mooring, it is characterized in that matrix pattern framework joint is established and adjust pouring weight inserted link.

4. according to claim 1ly add the tension leg type wind wave resistance net cage of floating block with fluctuation in stage heave from mooring, it is characterized in that etting upper ledge rope is bound in matrix pattern framework joint and adjusts on pouring weight inserted link.