CN204443679U - Floating type dissipation energy hinge connects the environmental and ecological net cage of steel frame wind wave resistance of multiple protective - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model net cage has followed the essential structure of traditional steel frame net case, but buoyancy aid gross buoyancy is structure always conduct oneself with dignity more than 130%, steel framework level pipe is connected for consuming energy to twist with transition mast, transition mast is made by steel column shape obturator, there is sink-float control design case, bottom surface connects free suspending weight assembly, etting frame rope is bound on transition mast, be bound on steel framework with rope simultaneously, free suspending weight bar fastens stretch-draw prevent swinging plate assembly, mooring line in transition mast hanger and the mooring of free suspending weight bar hanger, mooring line other end is bound in float-type anchoring system, form a sink-float, dissipation energy hinge connects, there is multiple protective, wind wave resistance, there is environmental and ecological function, be applicable to shallow, in, deep water waters, economic and practical novel net cage.

Description

Floating type dissipation energy hinge connects the environmental and ecological net cage of steel frame wind wave resistance of multiple protective

Technical field

Floating type dissipation energy hinge connects the environmental and ecological net cage of steel frame wind wave resistance of multiple protective, be a kind of solve each degree of depth (shallow, in; the novel net cage in waters deeply); when outstanding typhoon is not withdrawn or do not sink, outstanding wind wave resistance and environmental and ecological feature, belong to ocean engineering field.

Background technology

Cage culture is the pith of marine economy, the net cage that the polyvinyl piping materials (being called for short HDPE) introduced by Norway at present makes is in full flourish, in the yellow Bohai Sea, the East Sea, the South Sea, all in a large amount of use, this with the floating of HDPE material making or floating type net cage, although floating type net cage has sink-float function, before typhoon, can certain depth be sunken to, evade the wave stroke that the water surface is maximum, but still have following fatal defect from this net cage of practice:

1. be not suitable with the impact of ocean current, just may deform when current speed only reaches 0.257m/s according to observations, when flow velocity reaches lm/s, body is held in loss 80% cage culture, be limited by ocean current like this, just lose the better culture resources of a large amount of water quality give-and-take conditions.

2. because this kind of net cage of above-mentioned reason can only use at right up and down inner bay, because raiser swarms in this narrow and small inner bay, cause water quality in gulf very severe, even stinking smell assaulting one's nostrils, fish poor quality, fish disease is many, a most valuable line seascape is lost in coastal city, this just forces local government in order to city development, have to go by force to drive inner bay, offshore cage culture family, as Guangdong is being cleared up from west to Dongdu, toll breakdown inner bay, offshore fish culture net cage, but the technical support used because not having open waters, this can catch Wu Fish with regard to making the fisherman in these past be in, again without the very difficult condition of Hai Kegeng.

3.HDPE net cage plane stiffness is poor, unstability is one of principal mode of its destruction, in August, 2013 typhoon " especially " blow Yangjiang, Guangdong and Raoping, local net cage is caused to be annihilated, this is in the better situation of net cage anchoring mooring, present unstable failure under the rotation action of ocean current that Net-cage frame causes at typhoon, its damage-form is as casing " turn round fried dough twist ".Certainly, net cage anchoring and mooring problem do not solve always, so that under typhoon, floating or floating type net cage may be not Anti-Typhoon, as in by the end of September, 2011 Lingao, Hainan at the fish culture net cage of open waters, at typhoon " Ni Ge " attack under be annihilated, half is blown loses to off-lying sea, half blows to bank and batters down, and the fish one of fast results is not all got back, only the economic loss of three companies nearby 800,000,000.Same disaster also occurs in September, 2013 Zhangzhou, Fujian, typhoon " Jade Hare " cause damage several hundred million unit.In July, 2014 occurs in the typhoon of Hainan and west of Guangdong Province Yuexi, Guangdong " Amazon ", countless raiser be can't regain one's original capital, although, Hainan raiser has drawn typhoon in 2011 before this " Ni Ge " lesson that attacks, do improvement by the Oceanic and Fisheries Room 2011, Hainan Province dispatch in the end of the year " the guiding suggestion about resuming production after deep-water net cage culture calamity ".

4. the sink-float function of floating type HDPE net cage; make net cage can be sunken to certain depth before typhoon, evade the wave stroke that the water surface is maximum, but improper owing to applying waters; dive wind wave resistance effect is little; because until 2014, China there is no the net cage being placed in Deepwater Open Sea district; owing to having a series of technology and difficult management; also large fund input is needed to build off-lying sea base and the boats and ships that shuttle back and forth, so being placed in Deepwater Open Sea district is not part nothing the matter.The existing so-called deep water mesh cage said is that within being placed in depth of water 20m, offshore, less than 20km, compares offshore in fact, the slightly dark slightly far a little net cage of inner bay net cage.This shallow, middle depth of water waters, wave effect is not obvious with depth attenuation, because only have as the ratio d/ λ > 0.5 of the depth of water with wavelength, when being deep water waters, wave effect is just obvious with depth attenuation, 1/5 of the water surface can be down in the water particle speed at half depth of water place, but shallow, and Zhong Shui waters does not meet this condition, the place that this few Nian Congnan shied to North Platform wind, the destruction of the net cage equal entire PLA is exactly clear proof.To this, Inst of Huanghai Sea Marine Products, Chinese Academy of Aquatic Product Science customs director great waves, Lin Defang, Huang Bin, Huang Wen push away in country " 863 " write in planning item research " research and development of China's deep-sea wind wave resistance engineering " in a literary composition, in discussion in the mud precipitation layer of elevated live cage is stressed, be prototype to arrange the depth of water be 20m, article is thought " wave resistance to the net cage dive originally generally believed, subtract stream effect, also need to be re-recognized by a large amount of experiments." detailed bibliography [1]

Due to the backwardness of net cage technique, deep water mesh cage development is cold by heat, the industrial zone of state plan, not only do not increase, have on the contrary and subtract, within 2014, unexpectedly occur the phenomenon (as ancient cooking vessel in Yangjiang) that large cultivation company quits listing, according to another saying that Guangdong empty van rate is up to 60%, some are contracted already and march deep water mesh cage enterprise, because using without reliable net cage, slowly do not have action.

From the cage culture of analysis development open waters, need the limitation breaking through HDPE net cage, seek a kind of safety, reliably, Anti-Typhoon, be applicable to ocean current comparatively urgency and the novel net cage without the open sea area of shield, particularly do not rely on water filling to sink these technical measures, by net cage system ability, not sinking also can be so anti-that to live typhoon as the oil platform, this is for shallow, Zhong Shui waters to fasten force to make peace important.

According to domestic and international existing experience and theory analysis, the net cage improved route first element should be replace current HDPE structure by flexible or quasi-flexible structure, avoid unstable failure, second key element should be that cage structure material should be stronger, instead of HDPE, three elements should be that to choose hydrodynamic performances good, the version that capacity of anti-storm is strong.The floating platform of offshore oil series is as semi-submersible type, tension leg type, barrel mast formula (English SPAR), articulated (English ARTICULATED COLUMNS) is exactly desirable version, play a great role in the nearly halfth century alive boundary marine petroleum development of the type structure, particularly contribute larger in the oil development of deep-sea stone, the type structure has following features:

A. structure centre of buoyancy is upper, center of gravity under, there is permanent stability and unconditionally balance.

B. structure buoyancy is much larger than dead-weight balanced buoyancy, the buoyancy compartment of enough large buoyancy couples together with the ballast tank being positioned at the enough large ballast of column bottom, after the two is in poised state, therebetween just tension force is created, assuming that wind, wave, the horizontal force produced under flowing common action, it makes buoyancy aid generation depart from, if horizontal force produces the tilting complex torque of up time Needles, buoyancy then produces inverse time Needles righting moment, the two is just in time reverse, namely buoyancy can make it get back to equalization point by acting in opposition, thus realizes dynamic equilibrium, the principle of compliant type balance that Here it is.

When being c. in poised state, structure has just had upright self-buoyancy, if net cage, can self-stabilization after the water surface or dive, and keep box-shaped constant.

By the experience of the present utility model people according to offshore oil long-term work, research and development and oneself obtains the patent of being authorized " deep water anchor strut " patent No.: ZL201320616701.9 and " air bag regulates buoyancy can with the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. ZL201320623481.2 applies offshore oil floating platform design feature the earliest, i.e. post stability---adopt and regulate the large cylinder of buoyancy to make supporting structure, connecting cable up and down to form, is typical flexible structure.By the present utility model, people researches and develops, oneself obtains another patent of being authorized " can with the tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. 201320095246.2 first proposed the scheme that damping prevents swinging plate in the world, this ecological, environmental protective for breeding water body is extremely significant, because, the ight soil of cultivation fish and residual bait drop on damping to be prevented swinging on plate, mud face can not be fallen into and roll up pollution source, but be converted into other fish and species nutrient, also can reduce net cage mountain peak ripple simultaneously, reduce net cage breakage risk.

The special Needles of the utility model is to shallow, and middle depth of water waters cultivates and the problem of proposition, and this is based on considering below:

1. water filling is sunk this technical measures inapplicable shallow, middle depth of water waters;

2. shallow, middle deepwater field net cage is survived in typhoon, depend on the resistance typhoon ability of self, should be improved it from many aspects and resist typhoon ability, target should be have breakage but Yang Zhi Fish can keep, and have breakage but easily repair, core is the water surface, all to keep the complete of box-shaped under water, not allow net cage Nei Fish escape from and be squeezed.

Bibliography

[1] " research and development of China deep-sea wind wave resistance engineering " Inst of Huanghai Sea Marine Products, Chinese Academy of Aquatic Product Science customs director great waves, Lin Defang, Huang Bin, Huang Wenyu

[2] " can with the tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. 201320095246.2 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

[3] " air bag regulates buoyancy can with the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. ZL201320623481.2 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

[4] " deep water anchor strut " patent No.: ZL201320616701.9 inventor: ancient country dimension patentee: ancient country ties up

Summary of the invention

In order to break through the limitation of HDPE net cage, seek a kind of safety, reliably, Anti-Typhoon, be applicable to ocean current comparatively urgency and the novel net cage without the open sea area of shield, particularly do not rely on water filling to sink these technical measures, by net cage system ability, do not sink also can resist live typhoon as oil platform, according to domestic and international existing experience and theory analysis, the net cage improved route first element should be flexible or quasi-flexible structure, avoid unstable failure, second key element should cage structure material should be stronger, instead of HDPE, it is good that three elements should choose hydrodynamic performances, the version that capacity of anti-storm is strong.For this reason, the technical solution of the utility model is:

1. the framework of steel tubing making, hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy are placed in bottom surface, the gross buoyancy that hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy produce, should be that structure always conducts oneself with dignity more than 130%, namely structure more than needed always conduct oneself with dignity more than 30%, horizontal pipe end connects ironware and is connected with transition mast hanger high-strength bolt, between horizontal pipe end connects in ironware and transition mast hanger, Clip layer is placed with power consumption pad, transition mast is made by steel column shape obturator, bottom surface suspension ring connect upper free suspending weight bar, upper base shoe heavy concrete ballast carrier is overlapped bottom bar, together with the framework bottom surface buoyancy aid that steel tubing makes, form structure centre of buoyancy upper, center of gravity under, there is the structure of permanent stability and unconditional balance, etting frame rope is bound on transition mast, be bound in etting drawknot rope on the framework of steel tubing making simultaneously, free suspending weight bar fastens stretch-draw prevent swinging plate assembly, mooring line in transition mast hanger and the mooring of free suspending weight bar hanger, mooring line other end is bound in float-type anchoring system.

2. the steel column shape obturator of transition mast, the note sandpipe of upper end face installing band capping, and the outlet pipe of band capping, effluent pipe mouth geotextiles membrane closure, forms water outlet of giving vent to anger and does not shake out, bottom installing band capping go out sandpipe, realize variable buoyancy function by note/sediment outflow way, then net cage dive during note sand, during the sand of emptying filling, net cage floats, due to the unique and normal option of meeting that dive is not safe, therefore have employed this simple and easy reliable way.

3. the horizontal pipe end of steel framework connects ironware and is connected with the high-strength bolt of transition mast hanger; between the power consumption pad of Clip layer placement be a kind of visco-elastic damping material, this application of dissipation energy hinge technology in net cage being Modern Steel Structure antidetonation and developing, when effect is stormy waves load accidental peak value, the energy of input is consumed by friction energy-dissipating pad, even if the abrasion of power consumption pad, but connection is still a hinge, makes structure become half flexible structure.

The utility model application ocean engineering is ripe, reliably, the technology of extensive successful Application, for raiser provides a rational in infrastructure, workable, economical and practical, the novel net cage of multiple protective, multiple protective is embodied in 1. ettings by being bound in steel framework and etting frame rope is bound on transition mast net capsule (space that etting surrounds) duplicate protection, 2. net cage system self-balancing be bound in elastic bearing in float-type anchoring system to net cage system duplicate protection, 3. the structure and elasticity of tension force props up to honour and keeps net form constant, the duplicate protection of the constancy of volume, 4. note sand if desired sinks and the duplicate protection of the reliable mooring wind wave resistance of float-type anchoring system, the duplicate protection of hinge is converted to after 5 Hao Neng Hinge and power consumption pad wear away, the outstanding wind wave resistance advantage that these measures embody, add that the feature of ecological, environmental protective will become and march deep-sea, benefit fisherman, the reliable equipment of protection of the environment.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the vertical schematic diagram of the utility model structure;

Fig. 2 is the utility model structural plan schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is that A amplifies axonometric three-dimensional view, represents transition mast and each parts connection diagram;

Fig. 4 is 1--1 cutaway view, represents that transition mast hanger is used for position when different parts connect, and band capping go out sandpipe position view;

Fig. 5 is transition mast axonometric three-dimensional view, represents each piece construction of transition mast and position view;

Fig. 6 is that B amplifies axonometric three-dimensional view, represents the level pipe high-strength bolt connection diagram of transition mast hanger and steel framework assembly;

Fig. 7 is transition mast hanger detail drawing, particularly illustrates the straight elongated slot of shackle plate;

Fig. 8 is that rod member numbering 201 end connects ironware structure axonometric three-dimensional view, particularly illustrates numbering 202 ironware and has slidably arc elongated slot;

Fig. 9 is 2--2 cutaway view, is dissipation energy hinge connection diagram, particularly illustrates between two hangers and has power consumption pad;

Figure 10 is that free suspending weight bar constructs vertical cross-sectional schematic;

Figure 11 is E enlarged drawing, represents the free suspending weight bar upper end suspension ring detail of construction;

Figure 12 is F enlarged drawing, represents the free suspending weight bar side hanger detail of construction;

Figure 13 is G enlarged drawing, represents the free suspending weight bar collet ring detail of construction;

Figure 14 is end shoe heavy concrete ballast carrier axonometric three-dimensional view, particularly illustrates the notch of ballast carrier;

Figure 15 is that C amplifies axonometric three-dimensional view, and represent the note sandpipe of transition mast top board installing band capping, the outlet pipe schematic diagram of band capping, particularly illustrating effluent pipe mouth has geotextiles membrane closure;

Figure 16 is that D amplifies axonometric three-dimensional view, and bottom expression transition mast, the capping of installing band goes out sandpipe schematic diagram;

Figure 17 is that the anti-board plane that swings of damping arranges schematic diagram;

Figure 18 is that the anti-plate that swings of damping connects axonometric three-dimensional view, describes the anti-plate drawknot cable and free suspending weight bar and damping of swinging especially and prevents swinging plate flexible connecting method;

Figure 19 is that damping is prevented swinging plate central authorities floating block axonometric three-dimensional view;

Figure 20 is etting frame rope and etting drawknot rope and transition mast and steel framework tying axonometric three-dimensional view; The clear duplicate protection that have expressed net capsule safety;

Figure 21 is that the utility model net cage adopts float-type Xi to moor the solid schematic diagram of Xi Tong Anchor.

Wherein: 1. transition mast, 101. steel column shape obturators, the note sandpipe of 102. band cappings, the outlet pipe of 103. band cappings, 104. geotextiles films, 105. band cappings go out sandpipe, 106. transition mast suspension ring, 2 steel framework assemblies, 201. level pipe, 202. level pipes connect ironware, the arc elongated slot of 203 connection ironwares, 204. triangle steel pipe holders, 3. hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy, 4. free suspending weight assembly, the 401. free suspending weight bodies of rod, 402. free suspending weight bridle rings, 403. free suspending weight bar hangers, 404. free suspending weight bar hangers are put more energy into reinforcing bar, 405. filler ring, 406. free suspending weight bar perforates, 407. cramp bar, 408. fixing latches, 409. prevent sinking to the bottom shoe heavy concrete ballast carrier, 410. prevent sinking to the bottom shoe heavy concrete ballast carrier notch, 5. shackle, 6. hanger assembly, 601. shackle plate, 602. hanger bases, 603. hanger stiffeners, the straight elongated slot of 604. shackle plates, 7. descend main push-towing rope rope, 8. etting, 9. etting frame rope, 10. etting drawknot rope, 11. mooring lines, 12. prevent swinging plate drawknot cable, 13. prevent swinging plate assembly, what 1301. composite material skin or curtain were made anti-ly swings plate, the 1302. anti-plates that swing connect keyhole, 1303. drawknot rope, the anti-of 1304. perforates swings plate floating block, 1305 prevent swinging plate drawknot cable short circuit, 14. high-strength bolts, 15. power consumption pad 16 float-type anchoring systems.

Embodiment

Because the utility model has followed the essential structure of traditional steel frame net case, be easy to make, add that clear explanation done again by drawing, as long as conscientious construction in line with the drawings, but should following points be paid close attention to:

1. the making of hanger class: comprise selector bar hanger assembly 6, selector bar suspension ring 106, free suspending weight bridle ring 402, free suspending weight bar hanger 403, the connection ironware 202 of steel framework level pipe, this kind of member stress is large, damage impact large, in Offshore Engineering Components classification, belong to special class and a class, postwelding will do ultrasonic examination inspection, and net cage makes and limit by cost, ocean engineering requirement can not be applied mechanically, but following requirement is reasonable, feasible, should strictly observe in making:

A. should strictly observe building process, Material selec-tion should select the steel that solderability is good, welding link should have perfect welding procedure, weld seam detection program, and welding personnel should hold qualified welder's certificate, forbids without card or rank deficient personnel welding.

B. strict construction in line with the drawings understand design idea, as in the figure 7, by A enlarged diagram, clear to describe hanger anti-shearing, anti-tear strengthening measure, and this is the summary of experience of inventor in ocean engineering long-term practice, not at all can be careless in making, the hanger assembly 6 violated as general, not by hanger base 602, the Wrong mistake of directly welding with cylinder.

2. the installation of dissipation energy hinge: the dissipation energy hinge technology that the utility model has been introduced Modern Steel Structure antidetonation and developed, when effect is load accidental peak value, consumed the energy of input by friction energy-dissipating pad, effect size depends on power consumption pad quality, and the existing special rubber of viscoplasticity can for selecting at present, another factor of effect size is frictional force size, because frictional force is that pressure at right angle takes advantage of coefficient of friction, therefore, enough large pressure at right angle be had, be exactly here the fastening force of bolt, therefore require:

A. select qualified high-strength bolt, according to connecting plate bearing capacity, select the adaptive diameter of bolt.

B. the special spanner of high-strength bolt tightens nut, makes bolt produce huge and in check pretension.

What here we adopted is high-strength bolt pressure-bearing type, be intended that under the effect of peaking wave power, after having consumed power consumption pad completely by friction, dissipation energy hinge becomes simple hinge, connector is allowed to slide along groove, Here it is shackle plate and connect the reason that ironware will make straight elongated slot or arc elongated slot, also makes cage structure have by this way quasi-flexible, prevents its unstability.

After completing each structure manufacture by land, the Attention problems stage can be proceeded to, the utility model has taken into full account the operability of Attention problems, method and the series of patents that I has authorized, as bibliography [3] " air bag regulates buoyancy can with the flexible structure tension leg type deep water mesh cage of fluctuation in stage heave " patent No. ZL201320623481.2 is similar, namely local is thrown in, and the water surface synthesizes.Concrete implementation practices is as follows:

1. first install float-type anchoring system 16 at assigned address, fasten mooring line 11, cable-end fastens mark ball float;

2. at shipment harbour, selector bar assembly 1 first connects free suspending weight assembly 4, two groups are connected the selector bar of free suspending weight assembly 4, assemble with the steel framework having whipped hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy, simultaneously by lower main push-towing rope rope 7, prevent swinging plate drawknot cable 12, prevent swinging plate assembly 13, mutual tying is got well and is bundled into one piece, brings up to barge together with the another two groups steel frameworks having whipped hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy;

3. put down from barge the steel framework that two groups connect selector bar, launched, under diver assists, fasten mooring line 11;

4. put down another two groups of steel frameworks having whipped hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy, selector bar 1 in connection, fastens each hawser, fastens etting, so far complete Attention problems work under diver assists.

Find out that from above the utility model has larger Attention problems advantage compared with the HDPE that overall package descends well water, especially to install advantage just more outstanding for large scale net cage and off-lying sea.And can rise and fall, self-stabilization, easily installs, multiple protective, ecological, environmental protective, economical and practical, is the various net cages used both at home and abroad so far, and comprise famous umbellate form net cage, U.S. SeaStation net cage is all incomparable.

Claims (2)

1. floating type dissipation energy hinge connects the environmental and ecological net cage of steel frame wind wave resistance of multiple protective, it is characterized in that the framework that steel tubing makes, hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy are placed in bottom surface, the gross buoyancy that hard polyaminoester foams or Plastic buoy produce, should be that structure always conducts oneself with dignity more than 130%, namely structure more than needed always conduct oneself with dignity more than 30%, horizontal pipe end connects ironware and is connected with transition mast hanger high-strength bolt, horizontal pipe end connects ironware and transition mast hanger intermediate course is placed with power consumption pad, transition mast is made by steel column shape obturator, bottom surface suspension ring connect upper free suspending weight bar, upper base shoe heavy concrete ballast carrier is overlapped bottom bar, etting frame rope is bound on transition mast, be bound in etting drawknot rope on the framework of steel tubing making simultaneously, free suspending weight bar fastens stretch-draw prevent swinging plate assembly, mooring line in transition mast hanger and the mooring of free suspending weight bar hanger, mooring line other end is bound in float-type anchoring system.

2. floating type dissipation energy hinge according to claim 1 connects the environmental and ecological net cage of steel frame wind wave resistance of multiple protective; it is characterized in that the steel column shape obturator of transition mast; the note sandpipe of upper end face installing band capping; and the outlet pipe of band capping; effluent pipe mouth geotextiles membrane closure, bottom installing band capping go out sandpipe.