CN204559457U - A kind of magneto winding commutation circuit - Google Patents
A kind of magneto winding commutation circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN204559457U CN204559457U CN201520182086.4U CN201520182086U CN204559457U CN 204559457 U CN204559457 U CN 204559457U CN 201520182086 U CN201520182086 U CN 201520182086U CN 204559457 U CN204559457 U CN 204559457U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of magneto winding commutation circuit, this circuit arranges N-1 group commutation circuit between N number of winding element of every phase winding of electric vehicle permanent magnet motor, often organizes commutation circuit and comprises three switching circuits.The magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model proposes is applied in the permanent magnet motor system of electric automobile, multiple branch road winding elements of every for magneto phase winding are connected, be equivalent to for electric automobile adds a set of speed change gear having level, when not increasing magneto size and weight, improve the range of speeds of magneto, greatly widen the high-speed range of electric automobile.Meanwhile, the permanent magnet of motor does not have the loss of excitation risk produced because of weak magnetic.Further, this circuit has the advantages that structure is simple, efficiency is high, performance is good.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to magneto electronic circuit technology field, particularly relates to a kind of magneto winding commutation circuit.
Background technology
Magneto is compared other motor type existing and is had the highest efficiency and power density (torque density), therefore permanent magnet motor system has become the strategic development direction of China's drive system of electric automobile.But because permanent magnet motor rotor field is constant non-adjustable, limit by frequency converter voltage, the Constant-power speed range of magneto is narrow, be difficult to the requirement adapting to electric automobile high speed constant Power operation.
Existing electric vehicle permanent magnet motor drive system generally adopts the method for weak magnetic and voltage lifting to realize the output-constant operation of motor.But weak magnetic makes large the increasing that have a big risk of permanent magnet loss of excitation, and the invariable power scope of motor is restricted; The method of voltage lifting adopts Boost to be raised by frequency changer direct current bus voltage, thus adapts to the back-emf with motor speed rising, but this method considerably increases the cost of system, reduces the efficiency of system.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of magneto winding commutation circuit, by this circuit application in the permanent magnet motor system of electric automobile, multiple branch road winding elements of every for magneto phase winding are connected, achieve the speed governing requirement of magneto wide region, meet the needs of the different operating condition of electric automobile.
For reaching this object, the utility model by the following technical solutions:
A kind of magneto winding commutation circuit, the every phase winding of described magneto comprises N number of winding element, N be more than or equal to 2 positive integer, described magneto winding commutation circuit comprises: the N-1 group commutation circuit arranged between N number of winding element of the every phase winding of magneto, often organize commutation circuit and comprise three switching circuits, wherein, in N-1 group commutation circuit, first switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element head end and N winding element head end, second switch circuit is arranged between N-1 winding element tail end and N winding element head end, 3rd switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element tail end and N winding element tail end.
Especially, described switching circuit is made up of two Mosfet switch differential concatenations.
Especially, described Mosfet switching device adopts GaN Mosfet switch.
Especially, described Mosfet switching device adopts SiC Mosfet switch.
The magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model proposes is applied in the permanent magnet motor system of electric automobile, by arranging switching circuit between the winding element of the every phase winding of magneto, multiple branch road winding elements of every for magneto phase winding are connected, be equivalent to for electric automobile adds a set of speed change gear having level, when not increasing magneto size and weight, improve the range of speeds of magneto, greatly widen the high-speed range of electric automobile.Meanwhile, the permanent magnet of motor does not have the loss of excitation risk produced because of weak magnetic.Further, this circuit has the advantages that structure is simple, efficiency is high, performance is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram that the utility model magneto winding commutation circuit is applied to that every phase winding has the A phase of the electric vehicle permanent magnet motor of N number of winding element;
Fig. 2 is that magneto two winding elements are by the speed torque characteristic curve of connecting when changing parallel connection into;
Fig. 3 is the performance comparison figure of GaN, SiC mosfet and Si mosfet device;
The expansion schematic diagram of the magneto that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model embodiment one;
The magneto drive principle figure that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model embodiment one;
Fig. 6 is applied to the schematic block circuit diagram of magneto A phase for magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model embodiment one provides;
The magneto winding commutation circuit that Fig. 7 provides for the utility model embodiment one is applied to magneto A phase time, current direction figure when two winding elements of A phase winding are connected;
The magneto winding commutation circuit that Fig. 8 provides for the utility model embodiment one is applied to magneto A phase time, current direction figure when two winding elements of A phase winding are in parallel;
Fig. 9 for magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model embodiment one provides be applied to magneto time, current direction figure during two winding elements series connection of every phase winding;
Figure 10 for magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model embodiment one provides be applied to magneto time, current direction figure when two winding elements of every phase winding are in parallel;
Figure 11 is that the utility model adopts the magneto winding commutation circuit of Mosfet switch to be applied to the circuit structure diagram that every phase winding has the A phase of the electric vehicle permanent magnet motor of N number of winding element.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail.Be understandable that, specific embodiment described herein only for explaining the utility model, but not to restriction of the present utility model.It also should be noted that, for convenience of description, the part relevant to the utility model is illustrate only but not full content in accompanying drawing, unless otherwise defined, all technology used herein and scientific terminology are identical with belonging to the implication that those skilled in the art of the present utility model understand usually.The object of the term used in specification of the present utility model herein just in order to describe specific embodiment, is not intended to be restriction the utility model.Term as used herein " and/or " comprise arbitrary and all combinations of one or more relevant Listed Items.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram that the utility model magneto winding commutation circuit is applied to that every phase winding has the A phase of the electric vehicle permanent magnet motor of N number of winding element.This electric vehicle permanent magnet motor A phase winding comprises N number of winding element: A1, A2 ... A
n, N be more than or equal to 2 positive integer, the utility model magneto winding commutation circuit specifically comprises: N-1 group commutation circuit, often organize commutation circuit comprise three switching circuits.N-1 group commutation circuit is arranged between electric vehicle permanent magnet motor A phase winding N-1 winding element and N winding element.Wherein, in first winding commutation circuit, first switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element A1 head end and the second winding element A2 head end, second switch circuit is arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and the second winding element A2 head end, and the 3rd switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and the second winding element A2 tail end, in second winding commutation circuit, first switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element A1 head end and tertiary winding unit A3 head end, second switch circuit is arranged between the second winding element A2 tail end and tertiary winding unit A3 head end, 3rd switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and tertiary winding unit A3 tail end, by that analogy, in N-1 group commutation circuit, first switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element head end and N winding element head end, second switch circuit is arranged between N-1 winding element tail end and N winding element head end, 3rd switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element tail end and N winding element tail end.
In like manner, the magneto winding commutation circuit shown in Fig. 1 can be applied to every phase winding to be had in each circuitry phase of the electric vehicle permanent magnet motor of N number of winding element.
Magneto winding commutation circuit operation principle described in the utility model is: be connected by N number of winding element of switching circuit by every for magneto phase winding, when electric automobile low cruise, commutation circuit second switch circuit turn-on, first and third switching circuit cuts out, N number of winding element is connected in series, now, the phase current of magneto equals the electric current of each winding element, and the phase voltage of magneto equals the voltage sum of all winding elements.Because during low speed, the back-emf of magneto is low, the electric current of each winding element can run with controller maximum current, thus realizes low-speed big operation; During electric automobile high-speed cruising, can according to different velocity intervals, utilize first and third switching circuit conducting, second switch circuit is closed, combination switches N number of winding element parallel running, now the back-emf of magneto will reduce exponentially, and the operation of magneto therefore can not the restriction of controlled device voltage, achieves the speed governing requirement of wide region.Although controlled device maximum current restriction, the electric current of each winding element also reduces at double, and the torque that now motor exports and then reduces, and because electric automobile high-speed cruising brief acceleration is little, the moment of torsion of demand is also little, and therefore magneto still can meet the demands.As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is that magneto two winding elements are by the speed torque characteristic curve of connecting when changing parallel connection into, the rotational speed and torque curve of motor when solid outline line is parallel connection in figure, characteristic curve during series connection is that rotating speed n4 is the twice of rotating speed n3 from the interval real segment of 0 to n2 and the phantom line segments to n3.As can be seen from the figure, when this routine magneto two winding elements change parallel connection into by series connection, the range of speeds is doubled.In like manner, N number of for magneto winding element is changed into by series connection parallel, the N range of speeds doubly can be realized.
Said switching circuit can adopt a pair Mosfet switch differential concatenation composition.As shown in figure 11, Figure 11 is that the utility model adopts the magneto winding commutation circuit of Mosfet switch to be applied to the circuit structure diagram that every phase winding has the A phase of the electric vehicle permanent magnet motor of N number of winding element.Wherein, in first winding commutation circuit, first pair of Mosfet switching device S11, S12 differential concatenation is arranged between the first winding element A1 head end and the second winding element A2 head end, second pair of Mosfet switching device S13, S14 differential concatenation is arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and the second winding element A2 head end, and the 3rd couple of Mosfet switching device S15, S16 are arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and the second winding element A2 tail end; In second winding commutation circuit, first pair of Mosfet switching device S21, S22 differential concatenation is arranged between the first winding element A1 head end and tertiary winding unit A3 head end, second pair of Mosfet switching device S23, S24 differential concatenation is arranged between the second winding element A2 tail end and tertiary winding unit A3 head end, 3rd couple of Mosfet switching device S25, S26 are arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and tertiary winding unit A3 tail end, by that analogy, in N-1 group commutation circuit, first couple of Mosfet switching device S
(N-1) 1, S
(N-1) 2differential concatenation is arranged between the first winding element head end and N winding element head end, second couple of Mosfet switching device S
(N-1) 3, S
(N-1) 4be arranged between N-1 winding element tail end and N winding element head end, the 3rd couple of Mosfet switching device S
(N-1) 5, S
(N-1) 6be arranged between the first winding element tail end and N winding element tail end.Be connected by N number of winding element of Mosfet device by every for magneto phase winding.
Above-mentioned Mosfet switching device can adopt GaN mosfet device and SiC mosfet device, as shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is the performance comparison figure of GaN, SiC mosfet and Si mosfet device, as can be seen from the figure the conducting resistance of GaN and SiC mosfet device only has 1/10 of traditional Si mosfet device, therefore adopt GaN and SiC mosfet device greatly can reduce the conduction loss of switching device, improve this circuit service efficiency.
Embodiment one
There are for every phase winding 3 phase 4 pole electric vehicle permanent magnet motors of two winding elements, illustrate and magneto winding commutation circuit described in the utility model is applied to electric vehicle permanent magnet motor.
As shown in Figure 4, the expansion schematic diagram of magneto that provides for the utility model embodiment one of Fig. 4.Wherein, magneto comprises A, B, C three-phase windings, A phase winding comprises the first winding element A1 and the second winding element A2, first winding element A1 be in a pair extremely under, namely N and S of left-half shown in Fig. 4 extremely under, second winding element A2 is in another under extremely, namely N and S of right half part shown in Fig. 4 extremely under.B phase is identical with A phase winding with C phase winding, and B phase winding comprises B1, B2 bis-winding elements, and C phase winding comprises C1, C2 bis-winding elements.
As shown in Figure 5, the existing motor drive principle figure of magneto that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model embodiment one, wherein, the DC power supply of positive and negative busbar exports three-phase alternating current after six IGBT device control.
As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6 is applied to the schematic block circuit diagram of magneto A phase for magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model embodiment one provides.Wherein, the A phase winding of magneto comprises the first winding element A1 and the second winding element A2, in the present embodiment, magneto winding commutation circuit comprises one group of commutation circuit, specifically comprises three switching circuits, and each switching circuit comprises a pair Mosfet switching device.Commutation circuit is arranged between electric vehicle permanent magnet motor A phase winding first winding element A1 and the second winding element A2.Wherein, a pair Mosfet switching device S11, S12 differential concatenation of the first switching circuit of commutation circuit is arranged between the first winding element A1 head end and the second winding element A2 head end, a pair Mosfet switching device S13, S14 differential concatenation of second switch circuit is arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and the second winding element A2 head end, and a pair Mosfet switching device S15, S16 of the 3rd switching circuit are arranged between the first winding element A1 tail end and the second winding element A2 tail end.Owing to passing through alternating current in motor winding, therefore the often pair of Mosfet switching device should two-way admittance, therefore often pair of Mosfet switching device is made up of two Mosfet switch differential concatenations, when Mosfet switching device S11 conducting, when Mosfet switching device S12 closes, electric current can enter from the first winding element A1 side, through the anti-paralleled diode of Mosfet switching device S12, flows to the second winding element A2 side; When Mosfet switching device S11 closes, during the S12 conducting of Mosfet switching device, electric current can enter from the second winding element A2 side, through the anti-paralleled diode of Mosfet switching device S11, flows to the first winding element A1 side.In like manner, Mosfet switching device S13, S14 and S15, S16 conducting, close and cause the flow direction of electric current identical with Mosfet switching device S11, S12.
For brachium pontis, the brachium pontis conducting lower to C phase of the lower brachium pontis of B phase in certain moment magneto A phase, Mosfet switching device S11, S12, S15, S16 close, when S13 conducting, S14 close, as shown in Figure 7, A phase current, through anti-paralleled diode to the second winding element A2 of first winding element A1, Mosfet switching device S13, S14, realizes the first winding element A1 of A phase winding and the series connection of the second winding element A2; Mosfet switching device S13, S14 close, when S11 conducting, S12 closedown, S15 conducting, S16 close, as shown in Figure 8, an A phase current part through the anti-paralleled diode of first winding element A1, Mosfet switching device S15, S16 to the tail end of A phase winding, the anti-paralleled diode of another part through Mosfet switching device S11, S12, the tail end of the second winding element A2 to A phase winding, realize the first winding element A1 of A phase winding and the parallel connection of the second winding element A2.
In like manner, the magneto winding commutation circuit being applied to magneto A phase in the present embodiment can be applied to B phase, the C phase of magneto equally, concrete current direction as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10, Fig. 9 for magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model embodiment one provides be applied to magneto time, current direction figure during two winding elements series connection of every phase winding; Figure 10 for magneto winding commutation circuit that the utility model embodiment one provides be applied to magneto time, current direction figure when two winding elements of every phase winding are in parallel.
In above-described embodiment, magneto winding commutation circuit is equally applicable to the magneto often mutually with three winding elements, on the basis of above-described embodiment, between the second winding element and tertiary winding unit, same commutation circuit is set, every series connection mutually between three winding elements can be realized, and by controlling the difference of Mosfet switching device, realize every parallel connection mutually between two or three winding elements.By that analogy, magneto winding commutation circuit in N-1 above-described embodiment is applied to the magneto often mutually with N number of winding element, the series connection between every mutually N number of winding element can be realized, and by controlling the difference of Mosfet switching device, realize the parallel connection between every mutually N number of winding element.
When the series connection of magneto two winding elements, the parallel branch number of magneto is 1, the back-emf of motor be two winding element back-emfs and, be the twice of single winding element back-emf; When magneto two winding elements are in parallel, the parallel branch number of magneto is 2, and now, the back-emf of motor is the back-emf of single winding element.From motor basic theories, when other conditions are constant, back-emf size is directly proportional to motor speed, namely when parallel branch number can double from the rotating speed that 1 becomes 2 rear motors permissions.After parallel branch number becomes 2 from 1, when Rated motor electric current is constant, the electric current passed through in two winding elements in parallel becomes half during series connection, according to the electromagnetic power expression formula of motor
Wherein, P is motor electromagnetic power, E is the opposite potential of motor, and I is the phase current of motor, and cos φ is the power factor of motor, known, after changing parallel branch number, power of motor remains unchanged, thus during by changing two winding elements of series connection into parallel connection, realize under power of motor keeps constant situation, motor speed brings up to original 2 times.In like manner, when changing the winding element of N number of series connection into parallel connection, motor speed brings up to original N doubly.Be applied in electric automobile, be equivalent to, for electric automobile adds a set of speed change gear having level, greatly widen the high-speed range of electric automobile.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned Mosfet switching device can adopt GaN mosfet device or SiCmosfet device, because the conducting resistance of GaN mosfet device and SiC mosfet device is less, quality is lighter, volume is less, can greatly reduce switch device conductive loss, improve the efficiency of this magneto commutation circuit.
The technical solution of the utility model by arranging switch mosfet between the winding element of the every phase winding of magneto, multiple branch road winding elements of every for magneto phase winding are connected, be equivalent to for electric automobile adds a set of speed change gear having level, when not increasing magneto size and weight, improve the range of speeds of magneto, greatly widen the high-speed range of electric automobile.Meanwhile, the permanent magnet of motor does not have the loss of excitation risk produced because of weak magnetic.Further, this circuit has the advantages that structure is simple, efficiency is high, performance is good.
Note, above are only preferred embodiment of the present utility model and institute's application technology principle.Skilled person in the art will appreciate that the utility model is not limited to specific embodiment described here, various obvious change can be carried out for a person skilled in the art, readjust and substitute and protection range of the present utility model can not be departed from.Therefore, although be described in further detail the utility model by above embodiment, but the utility model is not limited only to above embodiment, when not departing from the utility model design, can also comprise other Equivalent embodiments more, and scope of the present utility model is determined by appended right.
Claims (4)
1. a magneto winding commutation circuit, the every phase winding of described magneto comprises N number of winding element, N be more than or equal to 2 positive integer, it is characterized in that, comprise: the N-1 group commutation circuit arranged between N number of winding element of the every phase winding of magneto, often organize commutation circuit and comprise three switching circuits, wherein, in N-1 group commutation circuit, first switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element head end and N winding element head end, second switch circuit is arranged between N-1 winding element tail end and N winding element head end, 3rd switching circuit is arranged between the first winding element tail end and N winding element tail end.
2. magneto winding commutation circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described switching circuit is made up of two Mosfet switch differential concatenations.
3. magneto winding commutation circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described Mosfet switching device adopts GaN Mosfet switch.
4. magneto winding commutation circuit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described Mosfet switching device adopts SiC Mosfet switch.
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| CN201520182086.4U CN204559457U (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2015-03-27 | A kind of magneto winding commutation circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104753436A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-01 | 无锡新大力电机有限公司 | Permanent magnetic motor winding switching circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104753436A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-01 | 无锡新大力电机有限公司 | Permanent magnetic motor winding switching circuit |
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