CN204485354U - A kind of evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate - Google Patents
A kind of evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN204485354U CN204485354U CN201520107050.XU CN201520107050U CN204485354U CN 204485354 U CN204485354 U CN 204485354U CN 201520107050 U CN201520107050 U CN 201520107050U CN 204485354 U CN204485354 U CN 204485354U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate, comprise be communicated with successively 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator until the multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter of last evaporator, flash evaporation crystallizer, thin brilliant arrester, thickener, settler and centrifuge.1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator are until be communicated with by punishment in advance series connection of pumps successively between last evaporator.Ammonium chloride evaporated crystallization device of the present utility model adopts multiple effect counter current falling film evaporation mode, and crystallization process is DTB flash crystallization process, and crystallization condition is stablized, and product quality is homogeneous, and production capacity is high and floor space is little.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of evaporated crystallization device, is specifically related to a kind of evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate.
Background technology
Potassium nitrate is a kind of important Inorganic Chemicals, the production method of potassium nitrate mainly adopts ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride double decomposition conversion method in China, this kind of method also generates a kind of byproduct ammonium chloride while generation potassium nitrate, and ammonium chloride exhausted liquid discharge can be caused very large pollution to environment, so generally need to be separated byproduct ammonium chloride, in general, usually need during separating ammonium chloride to evaporate ammonium chloride mother liquor, crystallization, the series of steps such as centrifugation.
Existing ammonium chloride mother liquor evaporative crystallisation process mostly forces external circulation evaporation or economic benefits and social benefits following current to force the form of external circulation evaporation based on single-action.The technological parameter of single-action pressure external circulation evaporation method is: the temperature of liquid to be crystallized is 70 DEG C, and in liquid to be crystallized, ammonium chloride concentration is 11.9%; The technological parameter of economic benefits and social benefits following current pressure external circulation evaporation method is: the temperature of liquid to be crystallized is 69 DEG C, and in liquid to be crystallized, ammonium chloride concentration is 11.8%.But in actual production, we can find that above-mentioned ammonium chloride mother liquor evaporative crystallisation process comes with some shortcomings, and are mainly manifested in:
(1) steam consumption quantity is high.Single-action forces the steam consumption quantity of external circulation evaporation mode to be 1.1 ~ 1.2kg/kg water, and economic benefits and social benefits following current forces the steam consumption quantity of external circulation evaporation mode to be 0.69 ~ 0.73kg/kg water.
(2) investment and operating cost high.Owing to forcing the flow rate of liquid in the heat exchanger tube of external circulation evaporator general comparatively large, so force external circulation evaporator to be often equipped with the high-power circulating pump of large discharge, low lift, thus considerably increase investment and operating cost.
(3) product crystal size distribution is wide, second-rate.Force often to produce crystal in the end effect of external circulation evaporator, when using forced circulation pump, crystal grain in slurries will collide with the impeller of High Rotation Speed, cause the damage to crystal itself, the product crystal granularity of more than 80% is between 0.08 ~ 0.2mm, and Lens capsule is wider, second-rate, the yield of product is lower; Meanwhile, in collision process, crystal also can cause certain wearing and tearing to the pump housing itself, thus adds maintenance cost.
(4) for single effect evaporator, because heat-transfer surface is relatively little, the medium of heat-transfer surface both sides is then needed to keep a larger temperature difference, but the local hot-spot that the larger temperature difference easily causes solution to contact with heat-transfer surface, thus make material cause accumulation on heat-transfer surface, cause the heat-transfer effect of heat-transfer surface to be deteriorated, the amount of labour of subsequent treatment strengthens.
In addition, also there is the problems such as plant area area is large.Above not enough owing to existing in existing ammonium chloride mother liquor evaporative crystallization production process, but obtain low production production capacity under the condition that this technique is run in high cost.
Utility model content
Evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of low consumption, good product quality and floor space little production potassium nitrate.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
An evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate, comprise be communicated with successively 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator is until the multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter of last evaporator, the separation chamber that evaporimeter comprises heating clamber and is connected with heating clamber, the end effect separation chamber that last evaporator comprises end effect heating clamber and is connected with end effect heating clamber, end effect heating clamber top is provided with ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture, the discharging opening of end effect heating clamber bottom and the discharging opening of bottom, end effect separation chamber to be connected with the ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture on end effect heating clamber top formation closed circuit respectively by end effect circulating pump after conveying pipeline converges, the charging aperture on the heating clamber top of being imitated by end effect punishment in advance pump and upper is connected, 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator is until be communicated with by punishment in advance series connection of pumps successively between last evaporator, 1st effective evaporator comprise an effect heating clamber and with one imitate that heating clamber is connected one imitate separation chamber, the discharging opening and of an effect heating clamber bottom imitate bottom, separation chamber discharging opening after conveying pipeline converges by one imitate circulating pump be connected with a charging aperture of imitating heating clamber top respectively formation closed circuit, be connected with the charging aperture of flash evaporation crystallizer,
The middle part flow export of flash evaporation crystallizer is communicated with thin brilliant arrester charging aperture by thin brilliant pump of eliminating, thin brilliant arrester discharging opening is communicated with formation closed circuit with the charging aperture of flash evaporation crystallizer, the discharging opening of flash evaporation crystallizer is communicated with the charging aperture of thickener by crystallization discharging pump, the overfall of thickener is connected with the charging aperture of settler, settler top is provided with potassium nitrate mother liquor outlet, and the discharging opening of settler is communicated with mother liquor tank; The discharging opening of thickener is connected with the charging aperture of centrifuge, and centrifuge bottom is provided with chloride solid discharging opening, and the discharging opening of centrifuge is connected with mother liquor tank; Bottom, the settler bottom of thickener are provided with backwash liquid import, mother liquor tank by mother liquor pump respectively with the backwash liquid import of thickener, the backwash liquid inlet communication of settler;
Described heating clamber is provided with two fixed gas outlets and the steam-condensation water out up and down for discharging fixed gas in heating clamber; One effect heating clamber top is provided with an effect steam inlet, one effect heating clamber bottom is provided with an effect steam-condensation water out, one effect heating clamber and is imitated separation chamber and is communicated with, the indirect steam import that the steam (vapor) outlet and two on one effect top, separation chamber imitates heating clamber is connected, and the indirect steam import of the heating clamber that the steam (vapor) outlet on upper one top, separation chamber of imitating is imitated with next is connected; Thin brilliant arrester is provided with thin brilliant arrester steam inlet and steam-condensation water out, the steam (vapor) outlet of thin brilliant arrester and the indirect steam inlet communication of flash evaporation crystallizer, flash evaporation crystallizer top is provided with the outlet of flash distillation indirect steam.
The utility model improves further and is: described multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is the double-effect evaporation evaporimeter comprising 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator; 1st effective evaporator comprise an effect heating clamber and with one imitate that heating clamber is connected one imitate separation chamber, 2nd effect evaporator comprise two effect heating clambers and with two imitate that heating clamber is connected two imitate separation chamber; Two effect heating clamber tops are provided with stoste charging aperture, the discharging openings and two of two effect heating clamber bottoms imitate bottom, separation chamber discharging opening after conveying pipeline converges respectively by two imitate stoste charging aperture that circulating pump and two imitates heating clamber be connected formation closed circuit, imitate punishment in advance pump by two and be connected with a charging aperture of imitating heating clamber top;
A described effect heating clamber is provided with two the fixed gas outlets up and down for discharging fixed gas in an effect heating clamber, two effect heating clambers are provided with two the fixed gas outlets up and down for discharging fixed gas in two effect heating clambers, two effect heating clamber bottoms are provided with two effect indirect steam condensation-water drains, and two effect tops, separation chamber are provided with two effect indirect steam outlets.
The utility model improves further and is: described multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is the triple effect evaporation evaporimeter comprising 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator and triple effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator and 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator are connected in series, and triple effect evaporator are also provided with upper and lower two fixed gases outlet.
The utility model improves further and is: described evaporimeter is falling film evaporator, and heating clamber is pipe heat exchanger, and flash evaporation crystallizer is DTB vacuum crystallizer.
The utility model improves further and is: also comprise one and utilize steam condensate (SC) to be arranged on the preheater of last evaporator ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture for the ammonium chloride mother liquor of preheating crystallization to be evaporated, the steam-condensation water out of preheater and last evaporator is connected.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the technological progress acquired by the utility model is:
The utility model employing evaporimeter is the multiple effect counter current falling film evaporation mode of falling film evaporator, obviously can reduce steam consumption quantity, also contributes to reducing condensation water consumption needed for steam simultaneously; Crystallizer adopts flash crystallization mode, namely utilizes vacuum to reduce the temperature of feed liquid, substantially reduces thermic load and heat exchange area, reduces equipment investment; The outer setting of flash evaporation crystallizer has thin brilliant arrester, effectively can to eliminate in flash evaporation crystallizer the contained thin brilliant purification rate impact of ammonium chloride bulk crystal granularity being also improved simultaneously to ammonium chloride in clear liquid; Flash evaporation crystallizer is DTB vacuum crystallizer, pressure head needed for the Inner eycle of this crystallizer is low, feed liquid mixing speed in crystallizer is slow, greatly reduce the collision between crystal and crystallizer, also DTB flash crystallization process is namely adopted, can make product crystal even particle size distribution, product yield is high, quality good; Mother liquor in mother liquor tank, to the recoil of thickener and settler, improves the purification rate of ammonium chloride.
Evaporimeter is provided with fixed gas outlet, efficiently solves the impact of fixed gas on whole heat-transfer effect; Falling film evaporator selected by evaporimeter, required pump flow is little, investment and operating cost is relatively low, be force external circulation evaporator invest and operating cost about 1/2, simultaneously, this kind of evaporimeter also effectively eliminates the effective heat transfer temperature loss problem caused by hydrostatic column, evaporimeter pressure drop is less, under lower heat transfer temperature difference, have higher heat transfer coefficient, is suitable for use in multi-effect evaporation system; Heating clamber in evaporimeter is pipe heat exchanger, and the feed liquid in falling film evaporator without Binding, thus decreases subsequent treatment on the heat exchanger tube of pipe heat exchanger; In addition, also comprise one in the utility model equipment therefor and utilize steam condensate (SC) for the preheater of preheating crystallization ammonium chloride mother liquor to be evaporated, the sensible heat that steam condensate (SC) is taken out of can be made full use of.
Ammonium chloride evaporation and crystallization system of the present utility model continued operation, crystallization condition is stablized, and product quality is homogeneous, and production capacity exceeds several times even tens times compared with single effect evaporator, and ammonium chloride evaporative crystallization equipment therefor floor space is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation to the evaporated crystallization device of ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate of the present utility model;
In the accompanying drawings: 1, one effect heating clamber, 2, one effect separation chamber, 3, two effect heating clambers, 4, two effect separation chambers, 5, flash evaporation crystallizer, 6, thin brilliant arrester, 7, thickener, 8, centrifuge, 9, mother liquor tank, 10, settler, 11, one effect circulating pump, 12, two effect punishment in advance pumps, 13, two effect circulating pumps, 14, thin crystalline substance eliminates pump, 15, crystallization discharging pump, 16, mother liquor pump, 17, stoste charging aperture, 18, two effect indirect steam outlets, 19, two effect indirect steam condensation-water drains, 20, one effect steam inlet, 21, one effect steam-condensation water out, 22, thin brilliant arrester steam inlet, 23, steam-condensation water out, 24, flash distillation indirect steam exports, 25, potassium nitrate mother liquor outlet, 26, chloride solid discharging opening.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further details:
An evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate, comprise be communicated with successively 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator is until the multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter of last evaporator;
The separation chamber that evaporimeter comprises heating clamber and is connected with heating clamber, heating clamber is used for the heating evaporation to feed liquid, and separation chamber is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation to the feed liquid after heating evaporation.The end effect separation chamber that last evaporator comprises end effect heating clamber and is connected with end effect heating clamber, end effect heating clamber top is provided with ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture, for adding ammonium chloride mother liquor, the discharging opening of end effect heating clamber bottom and the discharging opening of bottom, end effect separation chamber carry out again circulating-heating for the evaporation and concentration liquid completed a part of last evaporator evaporate respectively by the end effect circulating pump formation closed circuits that to be connected with the ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture on end effect heating clamber top after conveying pipeline converges, the charging aperture on the heating clamber top of being imitated by end effect punishment in advance pump and upper is connected and enters in upper one heating clamber of imitating to carry out heating evaporation for the evaporation and concentration liquid pump completed by another part last evaporator, 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator is until be communicated with by punishment in advance series connection of pumps successively between last evaporator, 1st effective evaporator comprises effect heating clamber 1 and an effect separation chamber 2, one effect heating clamber 1 and is imitated separation chamber 2 and is connected, one effect separation chamber 2 for by one effect heating clamber 1 evaporate after feed liquid carry out gas-liquid separation, the discharging opening and one of one effect heating clamber 1 bottom imitate bottom, separation chamber 2 discharging opening after conveying pipeline converges respectively by one imitate charging aperture that circulating pump 11 and imitates heating clamber 1 top be connected formation closed circuit for a part of feed liquid in 1st effective evaporator again circulating-heating evaporate, by an effect circulating pump 11 to be connected with the charging aperture of flash evaporation crystallizer 5 for another part feed liquid in 1st effective evaporator is pumped into carry out concentrated decrease temperature crystalline in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 after obtain a magma and a clear liquid containing thin crystalline substance.
The middle part flow export of flash evaporation crystallizer 5 to be communicated with thin brilliant arrester 6 charging aperture and to be carried out heating for dissolving for being pumped in thin brilliant arrester 6 by a clear liquid to the thin crystalline substance in a clear liquid by thin brilliant pump 14 of eliminating, thin brilliant arrester 6 discharging opening is communicated with again composition closed circuit and is used for a clear liquid after dissolving to turn back in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 with the charging aperture of flash evaporation crystallizer 5, the discharging opening of flash evaporation crystallizer 5 by crystallization discharging pump 15 to be communicated with the charging aperture of thickener 7 be used for a magma to pump into carry out thickening in thickener 7 after obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary magma, the overfall of thickener 7 is connected with the charging aperture of settler 10, the overflow of secondary clear liquid enters further sedimentation in settler 10 and clarifies to obtain potassium nitrate mother liquor clarified solution and sedimentation liquid, settler 10 top is provided with potassium nitrate mother liquor outlet 25 to discharge potassium nitrate mother liquor clarified solution, the discharging opening of settler 10 is communicated with mother liquor tank 9, sedimentation liquid is drained in mother liquor tank 9, the discharging opening of thickener 7 is connected with centrifuge 8 charging aperture, secondary magma enters centrifuge 8 to carry out centrifugation and obtains chloride solid and centrifugate, centrifuge 8 bottom is provided with chloride solid discharging opening 26 to discharge chloride solid, centrifuge 8 discharging opening is connected with mother liquor tank 9, and centrifugate enters in mother liquor tank 9, bottom, settler 10 bottom of thickener 7 are provided with backwash liquid import, mother liquor tank 9 by mother liquor pump 16 respectively with the backwash liquid import of thickener 7, the backwash liquid inlet communication of settler 10, the mother liquor in mother liquor tank 9 is used for recoiling to thickener 7 and settler 10.
During production potassium nitrate of the present utility model to the flow direction of the evaporated crystallization device ammonium chloride mother liquor of ammonium chloride be: first ammonium chloride mother liquor enters last evaporator and evaporate, then the evaporimeter pumping into an effect evaporates, until arrival 1st effective evaporator, steam flow in evaporimeter be heating steam be introduced into 1st effective evaporator then enter 2nd effect evaporator until arrive last evaporator, the indirect steam that the evaporimeter that in evaporimeter, steam used is an effect produces, vapor (steam) temperature in evaporimeter is that in 1st effective evaporator, temperature is the highest, in last evaporator, temperature is minimum, solution temperature in evaporimeter is that 1st effective evaporator is higher than 2nd effect evaporator according to flow direction of material, in last evaporator, temperature is minimum by that analogy, in device, evaporimeter used is falling film evaporator, the feed liquid that falling film evaporator adds from top flows downward with membranaceous in heat exchanger tube, this kind of evaporimeter effectively eliminates the effective heat transfer temperature loss problem caused by hydrostatic column, evaporimeter pressure drop is less, higher heat transfer coefficient is had under lower heat transfer temperature difference, therefore adopt multiple effect counter current falling film evaporation mode not only can reduce steam consumption quantity and also reduce condensation water consumption needed for steam, the concentrate completing evaporation from 1st effective evaporator will pump in flash evaporation crystallizer 5, concentrate is flash evaporation crystallizer 5 is further concentrated and decrease temperature crystalline obtains a magma and containing a thin brilliant clear liquid, flash crystallization mode, namely vacuum is utilized to reduce the temperature of feed liquid, substantially reduce thermic load and heat exchange area reduces equipment investment simultaneously, flash evaporation crystallizer 5 is DTB vacuum crystallizer, DTB vacuum crystallizer is magma inner circulation type crystallizer, pressure head needed for Inner eycle is low, feed liquid mixing speed in crystallizer is slow, thus the collision that can greatly reduce between crystal and crystallizer, crystallization process adopts DTB flash crystallization, product crystal even particle size distribution can be made, product yield is high, quality is good, thin brilliant arrester 6 is connected with flash evaporation crystallizer 5, carry out also to carry out heating for dissolving by the thin crystalline substance in a clear liquid of generation in thin brilliant arrester 6 pairs of flash evaporation crystallizers 5 in concentration process in flash evaporation crystallizer 5, a clear liquid after heating for dissolving returns in flash evaporation crystallizer 5, and contained by thin brilliant arrester 6 not only effectively eliminates in a clear liquid, thin crystalline substance is on the impact of ammonium chloride bulk crystal granularity but also the purification rate also improving ammonium chloride, the magma carrying out producing in concentration process in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 obtains secondary clear liquid and secondary magma after pumping into and carrying out thickening in thickener 7, secondary magma enters centrifuge 8 from thickener 7 and carries out centrifugation, obtain chloride solid and centrifugate, centrifugate enters in mother liquor tank 9, the secondary clear liquid overflow produced in thickener 7 enters further sedimentation in settler 10 and clarifies to obtain clarified solution and sedimentation liquid, and clarified solution is that potassium nitrate mother liquor overflows from settler 10 top, and sedimentation liquid is then drained in mother liquor tank 9, ammonium chloride mother liquor in mother liquor tank 9 is also used for recoiling to thickener 7 and settler 10, thus improves the purification rate of ammonium chloride.
Described heating clamber is provided with upper and lower two fixed gases outlet, for discharging the fixed gas in heating clamber, avoid the impact of fixed gas on whole heat-transfer effect, heating clamber is also provided with steam-condensation water out, the condensed water that the steam for discharging in heating clamber is formed after heat exchange.One effect heating clamber 1 top is provided with an effect steam inlet 20 for passing into the steam of heating, one effect heating clamber 1 bottom is provided with the condensed water of an effect steam-condensation water out 21 for being formed after exhaust steam heat exchange, one effect heating clamber 1 and is imitated separation chamber 2 and is connected, the indirect steam import that one steam (vapor) outlet and two of imitating top, separation chamber 2 imitates heating clamber 3 is connected, and the indirect steam that in an effect heating clamber 1, steam produces after heat exchange enters in two effect heating clambers 3 of 2nd effect evaporator through an effect separation chamber 2 of 1st effective evaporator; The indirect steam import of the heating clamber that the steam (vapor) outlet on top, separation chamber of a upper effect is imitated with next is connected, the two effect steam (vapor) outlets on top, separation chamber 3 are connected with the indirect steam import of triple effect heating clamber, by that analogy, the steam (vapor) outlet on top, separation chamber that the indirect steam import and upper of end effect heating clamber is imitated is connected; Thin brilliant arrester 6 is provided with the condensed water that thin brilliant arrester steam inlet 22 is formed for exhaust steam for passing into heating steam and steam-condensation water out 23 after heat exchange, the steam (vapor) outlet of thin brilliant arrester 6 and the indirect steam inlet communication of flash evaporation crystallizer 5, the indirect steam that steam in thin brilliant arrester 6 generates after heat exchange passes in flash evaporation crystallizer 5, and flash evaporation crystallizer 5 top is provided with flash distillation indirect steam outlet 24 for discharging the indirect steam in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 after heat exchange completes.
During production potassium nitrate of the present utility model to the heating steam of the evaporated crystallization device of ammonium chloride and condensation flow thereof to for: first the steam of heating enter in an effect heating clamber 1 of 1st effective evaporator, steam forms condensed water and indirect steam after heat exchange, and the condensed water produced in an effect heating clamber 1 is discharged from an effect steam-condensation water out 21 of effect heating clamber 1 bottom; One effect heating clamber 1 and is imitated separation chamber 2 and is connected, and the indirect steam produced in an effect heating clamber 1 enters in two effect heating clambers 3 of 2nd effect evaporator, by that analogy, until last evaporator through an effect separation chamber 2 of 1st effective evaporator; Simultaneously, the steam of heating enters in thin brilliant arrester 6, steam forms condensed water and indirect steam after heat exchange, the condensed water produced in thin brilliant arrester 6 is discharged from the steam-condensation water out 23 thin brilliant arrester 6, and the flash distillation indirect steam outlet 24 that the indirect steam produced in thin brilliant arrester 6 enters from flash evaporation crystallizer 5 top after heat exchange completes in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 is discharged.
Described multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is double-effect evaporation evaporimeter, and double-effect evaporation evaporimeter comprises 1st effective evaporator and 2nd effect evaporator, and 1st effective evaporator and 2nd effect evaporator are by two effect punishment in advance pump 12 serial communication, 1st effective evaporator comprises an effect heating clamber 1 and an effect separation chamber 2, and imitates heating clamber 1 and and imitate separation chamber 2 and be connected, and 2nd effect evaporator comprises two effect heating clambers 3 and two and imitates separation chambers 4, two effect heating clambers 3 and two and imitate separation chamber 4 and be connected, two effect heating clamber 3 tops are provided with stoste charging aperture 17 for adding ammonium chloride mother liquor, two effect heating clambers 3 are for carrying out heating evaporation to ammonium chloride mother liquor, two effect separation chambers 4 are for carrying out gas-liquid separation to the ammonium chloride mother liquor after heating evaporation, the discharging opening that the discharging openings and two of two effect heating clamber 3 bottoms imitate bottom, separation chamber 4 is imitated stoste charging aperture 17 that circulating pump 13 and two the imitates heating clamber 3 formation closed circuit that is connected respectively by two and is carried out again circulating-heating for the evaporation and concentration liquid completed a part of 2nd effect evaporator and evaporate after conveying pipeline converges, to be connected with a charging aperture of imitating heating clamber 1 top to enter in an effect heating clamber 1 to carry out heating evaporation for the evaporation and concentration liquid pump that another part 2nd effect evaporator is completed by two effect punishment in advance pumps 12.Two effect heating clamber 3 bottoms are provided with two effect indirect steam condensation-water drains 19, two effect tops, separation chamber 4 and are provided with two effect indirect steams outlets 18.
During production potassium nitrate of the present utility model to the flow direction that multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter in the evaporated crystallization device of ammonium chloride is ammonium chloride mother liquor in double-effect evaporation evaporimeter timer be: first, ammonium chloride mother liquor is joined in two effect heating clambers 3 by the stoste charging aperture 17 on two effect heating clamber 3 tops of 2nd effect evaporator and carries out heating evaporation, and by with two imitate that heating clamber 3 is connected two imitate separation chamber 4 and imitate the feed liquid after evaporate in heating clamber 3 to two and carry out gas-liquid separation, two effect heating clambers 3 and two feed liquids of imitating gained in separation chambers 4 are two effect feed liquids; Described two effect feed liquid parts are returned in two effect heating clambers 3 by two effect circulating pumps 13 again and are formed a closed circuit, for imitating feed liquids circulating-heating evaporation again to two, another part two imitate feed liquid by two effect punishment in advance pumps 12 squeeze in an effect heating clamber 1 carry out heating evaporation and by with one imitate that heating clamber 1 is connected one imitate separation chamber 2 to one imitate heating clamber 1 evaporate after feed liquid carry out gas-liquid separation, one imitates heating clamber 1 and a feed liquid of imitating separation chamber 2 gained is an effect feed liquid.
A described effect feed liquid part is returned in an effect heating clamber 1 by an effect circulating pump 11 and is formed a closed circuit, for imitating feed liquid circulating-heating evaporation again to one, another part one imitate feed liquid by an effect circulating pump 11 squeeze into carry out concentrated decrease temperature crystalline in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 after obtain a magma and a clear liquid, containing thin brilliant in a clear liquid; The described clear liquid containing carefully crystalline substance flows out from the flow export at the middle part of flash evaporation crystallizer 5 and is squeezed into thin brilliant arrester 6 by thin crystalline substance elimination pump 14 and carries out heating for dissolving to the thin crystalline substance in a clear liquid, and a clear liquid after dissolving will flow into a formation closed circuit in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 again.
A magma in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 is squeezed in thickener 7 by crystallization discharging pump 15 and is carried out thickening and obtain secondary magma and secondary clear liquid; Secondary magma in thickener 7 enters in centrifuge 8 and carries out centrifugation and obtain chloride solid and centrifugate, and chloride solid is discharged by the chloride solid discharging opening 26 of centrifuge 8 bottom, and centrifugate then enters in mother liquor tank 9; Secondary clear liquid in thickener 7 enters after settler 10 carries out sedimentation clarification and obtains sedimentation liquid and potassium nitrate mother liquor, and sedimentation liquid enters in mother liquor tank 9, and potassium nitrate mother liquor flows out from the potassium nitrate mother liquor outlet 25 on settler 10 top.
During production potassium nitrate of the present utility model to multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter in the evaporated crystallization device of ammonium chloride be in double-effect evaporation evaporimeter timer heating steam and condensation flow thereof to for: first the steam of heating enter in an effect heating clamber 1 of 1st effective evaporator, steam forms condensed water and indirect steam after heat exchange, and the condensed water produced in an effect heating clamber 1 is discharged from an effect steam-condensation water out 21 of effect heating clamber 1 bottom; One effect heating clamber 1 and is imitated separation chamber 2 and is connected, the indirect steam produced in one effect heating clamber 1 enters in two effect heating clambers 3 of 2nd effect evaporator through an effect separation chamber 2 of 1st effective evaporator, the condensed water that indirect steam in two effect heating clambers 3 is formed after heat exchange is discharged by two effect indirect steam condensation-water drains 19 of two effect heating clamber 3 bottoms, uncooled indirect steams in two effect heating clambers 3 enter two imitate in separation chamber 4 of imitate with two that heating clamber 3 is connected, and then imitate indirect steams from two of two effect tops, separation chamber 4 and export 18 discharges; Simultaneously, the steam of heating enters in thin brilliant arrester 6, steam forms condensed water and indirect steam after heat exchange, the condensed water produced in thin brilliant arrester 6 is discharged from the steam-condensation water out 23 thin brilliant arrester 6, and the flash distillation indirect steam outlet 24 that the indirect steam produced in thin brilliant arrester 6 enters from flash evaporation crystallizer 5 top after heat exchange completes in flash evaporation crystallizer 5 is discharged.
One imitates all containing fixed gas in heating clamber 1 and two effect heating clambers 3, effect heating clamber 1, a two effect heating clamber 3 is provided with upper and lower two fixed gases and exports with the fixed gas of discharging the different densities size in effect heating clamber 1, a two effect heating clamber 3 respectively, avoids the impact of fixed gas on whole heat-transfer effect.
Described multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is triple effect evaporation evaporimeter, triple effect evaporation evaporimeter comprises 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator and triple effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator and 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator are connected in series, first ammonium chloride mother liquor enters from the top of triple effect evaporator, then arriving 2nd effect evaporator, 1st effective evaporator successively, triple effect evaporator being also provided with upper and lower two fixed gases outlet for discharging the fixed gas in triple effect heating clamber.
In the evaporated crystallization device of ammonium chloride of the present utility model, evaporimeter used is falling film evaporator, and heating clamber is pipe heat exchanger.The feed liquid that falling film evaporator adds from top flows downward with membranaceous in heat exchanger tube, pump flow needed for falling film evaporator is little, investment and operating cost is relatively low, be force external circulation evaporator invest and operating cost about 1/2, simultaneously, this kind of evaporimeter also effectively eliminates the effective heat transfer temperature loss problem caused by hydrostatic column, evaporimeter pressure drop is less, under lower heat transfer temperature difference, have higher heat transfer coefficient, is suitable for use in multi-effect evaporation system; Heating clamber is pipe heat exchanger, and the feed liquid in falling film evaporator without Binding, thus decreases subsequent treatment on the heat exchanger tube of pipe heat exchanger; Flash evaporation crystallizer 5 is DTB vacuum crystallizer, the pressure head of DTB vacuum crystallizer needed for magma inner circulation type crystallizer, Inner eycle is low, feed liquid mixing speed in crystallizer is slow, thus the collision that can greatly reduce between crystal and crystallizer, product crystal even particle size distribution, product yield is high, quality good.
During production potassium nitrate of the present utility model, the preheater that utilizes steam condensate (SC) is also comprised to the evaporated crystallization device of ammonium chloride, preheater is arranged on the sensible heat that last evaporator ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture is taken out of to make full use of steam condensate (SC) for the ammonium chloride mother liquor of preheating crystallization to be evaporated, and the steam-condensation water out of preheater and last evaporator is connected.
Embodiment 1
The temperature of liquid to be crystallized is 40 DEG C, and the ammonium chloride concentration in liquid to be crystallized is 16.7%, enters evaporation section with 57390kg/h inlet amount, and multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is double-effect evaporation evaporimeter.In evaporimeter and crystallizer, the state of material sees the following form 1:
Feed temperature and ammonium chloride concentration in table 1 evaporimeter and crystallizer
| 1st effective evaporator | 2nd effect evaporator | Flash evaporation crystallizer | |
| Feed temperature/DEG C | 110 | 66 | 62 |
| Ammonium chloride concentration/% in feed liquid | 21.9 | 18.9 | 8.9 |
The crystal particle mean size of ammonium chloride solution after evaporative crystallization technique process is 0.15mm, crystal particle mean size after the process of former forced cyclic type evaporative crystallization is 0.10mm, and new evaporative crystallisation process goes out greatly nearly 0.5 times than the crystal particle mean size of old evaporative crystallisation process.
The device specific energy consumption of this continuous evaporative crystallization technique is 0.58kg steam/kg water, and steam consumption quantity is little, energy consumption is low.
The plant personnel required of this continuous evaporative crystallization technique is: crystallization operation 2 people/class, and take up an area for long 18m × wide 12m, floor space is little.
Embodiment 2
The temperature of liquid to be crystallized is 30 DEG C, ammonium chloride concentration in liquid to be crystallized is 16.6%, enter evaporation section with the inlet amount of 172170kg/h, multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is triple effect evaporation evaporimeter, and first through preheater preheats before ammonium chloride mother liquor enters triple effect evaporator.In evaporimeter and crystallizer, the state of material sees the following form 2:
Feed temperature and ammonium chloride concentration in table 2 evaporimeter and crystallizer
The device specific energy consumption of this continuous evaporative crystallization technique is 0.42kg steam/kg water, reduces 27.6% than the energy consumption of embodiment 1.
The plant personnel required of this continuous evaporative crystallization technique is: crystallization operation 3 people/class, takes up an area for long 35m × wide 18m.
Claims (5)
1. the evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate, is characterized in that: comprise be communicated with successively 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator is until the multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter of last evaporator, the separation chamber that evaporimeter comprises heating clamber and is connected with heating clamber, the end effect separation chamber that last evaporator comprises end effect heating clamber and is connected with end effect heating clamber, end effect heating clamber top is provided with ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture, the discharging opening of end effect heating clamber bottom and the discharging opening of bottom, end effect separation chamber to be connected with the ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture on end effect heating clamber top formation closed circuit respectively by end effect circulating pump after conveying pipeline converges, the charging aperture on the heating clamber top of being imitated by end effect punishment in advance pump and upper is connected, 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator is until be communicated with by punishment in advance series connection of pumps successively between last evaporator, 1st effective evaporator comprise an effect heating clamber (1) and with one imitate that heating clamber (1) is connected one imitate separation chamber (2), the discharging opening and of effect heating clamber (1) bottom imitate separation chamber (2) bottom discharging opening after conveying pipeline converges by one imitate circulating pump (11) imitates heating clamber (1) top respectively charging aperture with one be connected formation closed circuit, be connected with the charging aperture of flash evaporation crystallizer (5),
The middle part flow export of flash evaporation crystallizer (5) is communicated with thin brilliant arrester (6) charging aperture by thin brilliant pump (14) of eliminating, thin brilliant arrester (6) discharging opening is communicated with formation closed circuit with the charging aperture of flash evaporation crystallizer (5), the discharging opening of flash evaporation crystallizer (5) is communicated with the charging aperture of thickener (7) by crystallization discharging pump (15), the overfall of thickener (7) is connected with the charging aperture of settler (10), settler (10) top is provided with potassium nitrate mother liquor outlet (25), the discharging opening of settler (10) is communicated with mother liquor tank (9), the discharging opening of thickener (7) is connected with the charging aperture of centrifuge (8), centrifuge (8) bottom is provided with chloride solid discharging opening (26), and the discharging opening of centrifuge (8) is connected with mother liquor tank (9), bottom, settler (10) bottom of thickener (7) are provided with backwash liquid import, mother liquor tank (9) by mother liquor pump (16) respectively with the backwash liquid import of thickener (7), the backwash liquid inlet communication of settler (10),
Described heating clamber is provided with two fixed gas outlets and the steam-condensation water out up and down for discharging fixed gas in heating clamber; One effect heating clamber (1) top is provided with an effect steam inlet (20), one effect heating clamber (1) bottom is provided with an effect steam-condensation water out (21), one effect heating clamber (1) and one is imitated separation chamber (2) and is communicated with, the indirect steam import that the steam (vapor) outlet and two on one effect separation chamber (2) top imitates heating clamber (3) is connected, and the indirect steam import of the heating clamber that the steam (vapor) outlet on upper one top, separation chamber of imitating is imitated with next is connected; Thin brilliant arrester (6) is provided with thin brilliant arrester steam inlet (22) and steam-condensation water out (23), the steam (vapor) outlet of thin brilliant arrester (6) and the indirect steam inlet communication of flash evaporation crystallizer (5), flash evaporation crystallizer (5) top is provided with flash distillation indirect steam outlet (24).
2. a kind of evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is the double-effect evaporation evaporimeter comprising 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator; 1st effective evaporator comprise an effect heating clamber (1) and with one imitate that heating clamber (1) is connected one imitate separation chamber (2), 2nd effect evaporator comprise two effect heating clambers (3) and with two imitate that heating clamber (3) is connected two imitate separation chamber (4); Two effect heating clamber (3) tops are provided with stoste charging aperture (17), the discharging openings and two of two effect heating clamber (3) bottoms imitate separation chamber (4) bottom discharging opening after conveying pipeline converges respectively by two imitate stoste charging aperture (17) that circulating pump (13) and two imitates heating clamber (3) be connected formation closed circuit, to imitate the charging aperture that punishment in advance pump (12) and imitates heating clamber (1) top by two and be connected;
Described effect heating clamber (1) is provided with two the fixed gas outlets up and down for discharging effect heating clamber (1) interior fixed gas, two effects heating clamber (3) are provided with two the fixed gas outlets up and down for discharging two effect heating clamber (3) interior fixed gases, two effect heating clamber (3) bottoms are provided with two effect indirect steam condensation-water drains (19), and two effect separation chamber (4) tops are provided with two effect indirect steams outlet (18).
3. a kind of evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multiple-effect evaporation evaporimeter is the triple effect evaporation evaporimeter comprising 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator and triple effect evaporator, triple effect evaporator and 1st effective evaporator, 2nd effect evaporator are connected in series, and triple effect evaporator are also provided with upper and lower two fixed gases outlet.
4. the evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when a kind of according to any one of claims 1 to 3 produces potassium nitrate, it is characterized in that: described evaporimeter is falling film evaporator, heating clamber is pipe heat exchanger, and flash evaporation crystallizer (5) is DTB vacuum crystallizer.
5. the evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when a kind of according to any one of claims 1 to 3 produces potassium nitrate, it is characterized in that: also comprise one and utilize steam condensate (SC) to be arranged on the preheater of last evaporator ammonium chloride mother liquor charging aperture for the ammonium chloride mother liquor of preheating crystallization to be evaporated, the steam-condensation water out of preheater and last evaporator is connected.
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| CN201520107050.XU CN204485354U (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | A kind of evaporated crystallization device to ammonium chloride when producing potassium nitrate |
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| CN109173322B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2021-10-26 | 北京万邦达环保技术股份有限公司 | Method for evaporative crystallization by using fast-insertion type crystallization separator |
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