CN204477145U - A kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking - Google Patents
A kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN204477145U CN204477145U CN201520150391.5U CN201520150391U CN204477145U CN 204477145 U CN204477145 U CN 204477145U CN 201520150391 U CN201520150391 U CN 201520150391U CN 204477145 U CN204477145 U CN 204477145U
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Abstract
A kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking, comprise internal cones, rubber body and external cone, rubber body is looped around the periphery of internal cones, and external cone is looped around the periphery of rubber body, and rubber body and internal cones form the rubber metal spring of a tapered arrangement together with external cone; Rubber body upper-end surface is connected with the internal cones of volute spring and external cone respectively, and rubber body from external cone joint to being that progressively downward trend is moved towards with rubber body internal cones; It is characterized in that, rubber body upper-end surface is multistage descending combination shape face structure, is combined to form overall rubber body upper-end surface by the annular end face of multistage difformity, slope and length.Carried out the adjustment of volute spring variation rigidity by the shape face shape changing upper-end surface, volute spring rubber body upper-end surface is divided into the multistage shape face combination of more than two sections, and the shape mask of each section has different shapes, slope and length.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the improvement of the volute spring on locomotive, be specifically related to the volute spring upper end surface structure of the stiffness variation regulating volute spring, this kind of volute spring structure can realize volute spring repeatedly variation rigidity, and produces fold and ftracture when preventing volute spring rubber from compressing because using.Belong to elastic shock attenuation technical field.
Background technique
Volute spring is also called journal box spring, mainly refers to the spring with damping effect that metal is combined with rubber on locomotive.Volute spring is mounted between rail locomotive axle box and framework and plays support, damping noise reduction, it is the vibration and noise reducing element of conventional a kind of rubber-metal compound, be arranged on the car body of locomotive single stage suspension and secondary suspension, Main Function is the load of bearing car body and framework.Adopt cone-shaped metal part and rubber to be sulfided into an entirety under certain temperature and pressure by adhesive, its effect utilizes vulcanized rubber to play vibration damping, Noise Reduction, and metalwork plays supporting and mounting interface.
Along with the development of locomotive technology, the particularly development of high ferro rail motor set, city rail, subway and low floor vehicle technology, volute spring is in order to meet the demanding kinetics and Security that ensure locomotive better, require that volute spring vertical stiffness has variation rigidity, and can not occur that inverse S-curve phenomenon appears in vertical stiffness.Vertical stiffness occurs that inverse S-curve is because the rubber body of existing volute spring structure does not have strong mutual extruding, boss and the rubber contact squeeze of evagination is not had yet, time unloaded, volute spring vertically changing rigidity is too little, and during locomotive loading, especially, under maximum vertical load, during the vertical stiffness needing the rubber part of volute spring can provide enough large, existing volute spring cannot provide large variation rigidity again, therefore the variation rigidity cannot realized ideal, stiffness curve presents instead " S " phenomenon; Have the volute spring of anti-" S " curve, under zero load, ratio of rigidity is comparatively large, has the risk causing vehicle derailing.In addition, locomotive can need volute spring to have suitable horizontal variation rigidity and longitudinal variation rigidity when accelerating, slowing down or turning, and makes locomotive more meet demanding kinetics, has good horizontal and vertical vibration damping, noise reduction capability.Therefore suitably increase the number of the horizontal variation rigidity of locomotive and longitudinal variation rigidity, realize repeatedly stiffness variation, locomotive driving can be allowed more steady, smooth and easy.Again due to the entirety that volute spring is metal and the vulcanization of rubber, can not take apart and also be inconvenient to carry out local route repair, thus volute spring is the product of lifelong freedom from repairs.Along with the development of locomotive technology, its fatigue load is also more and more harsher, more and more tighter to the requirement of fatigue behaviour, in use, the profile due to existing structure rubber is all the shape face adopting single structure to the structure of current volute spring, product is under vertical load, the rubber-type face of top and the bottom easily occurs that " fold " is out of shape, and form stress and concentrate, and the vertical load of product is born by rubber completely, stress and strain is all comparatively large, finally because rubber fatigue causes rubber to ftracture.This just needs one both adjustable variation rigidity, can prevent from again occurring that the volute spring of fold is to meet above-mentioned requirements when using simultaneously.
Find that following patent and the utility model have similarity by domestic retrieval:
Application number is 201010285627.8, the invention that name is called " journal box spring of city railway train bogie ", and this invention is a kind of journal box spring of city railway train bogie.Mandrel outer ring is from inside to outside disposed with spacer I, spacer II and overcoat.Mandrel, spacer I, spacer II and overcoat are made by the full material that belongs to, and are respectively arranged with rubber layer III, rubber layer II and rubber layer I between adjacent two metallic material.Described mandrel, spacer I, spacer II, overcoat exposed metal surface all scribble priming paint finish paint.Advantage of this invention there is provided when a kind of train wheel runs very little at vertical, transverse direction, longitudinal static rigidity, the journal box spring of flexibility when can improve vehicle operating and the city railway train bogie of quality.
Because the application number invention that is 201010285627.8 does not increase considerably the structure of the vertical stiffness of the rubber part of journal box spring under maximum vertical load, therefore under large vertical load, mainly increase rigidity by metal parts, the effectiveness in vibration suppression of journal box spring can be had influence on like this.
Application number is 201420467799.0, and the model utility that name is called " a kind of railway heavy-duty freight car bogie axle box ", this model utility discloses a kind of railway heavy-duty freight car bogie journal box spring.The object of this model utility is to provide a kind of railway heavy-duty freight car bogie journal box spring, the shortcomings such as existing journal box spring radial rigidity is excessive to overcome, Heavy Weight.The utility model comprises overcoat, inner sleeve, inner core, the first rubber layer and the second rubber layer, it is characterized in that: described first rubber layer, the second rubber layer and overcoat, inner sleeve and inner core sulfuration are in aggregates, overcoat by being built in the first rubber layer, the copper conductor on the second rubber layer surface is connected with inner core, the angle between the side elongation line of the first rubber layer, the second rubber layer and journal box spring top planes is 100-160 °.This model utility is mainly used as the journal box spring on railway heavy-duty freight car bogie.But this utility model patent does not allow journal box spring realize the structure of multiple variation rigidity, be difficult to meet the repeatedly stiffness variation of locomotive needed for different conditions.
Therefore, up to the present not yet have and can effectively prevent volute spring from preventing when variation rigidity rubber body fold from ftractureing, and method and the device of the repeatedly stiffness variation of locomotive needed for different conditions can be met, therefore necessary this to be improved further.
Model utility content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is:
1. change overall vertically changing rigidity and occur inverse S-curve phenomenon;
2. realize locomotive from zero load to the process of maximum vertical load, the shape of the rubber body upper-end surface of volute spring can be smoothly do not have fold, ftractures to prevent the rubber part of volute spring;
3. realize locomotive when accelerating, slowing down or turning, volute spring can carry out repeatedly stiffness variation, makes locomotive operation more steady, smooth and easy.
Pin is with the problems referred to above, the technological scheme that the utility model proposes is: a kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking, comprise internal cones, rubber body and external cone, rubber body is looped around the periphery of internal cones, external cone is looped around the periphery of rubber body, and rubber body and internal cones form the rubber metal spring of a tapered arrangement together with external cone; Rubber body upper-end surface is connected with the internal cones of volute spring and external cone respectively, and rubber body from external cone joint to being that progressively downward trend is moved towards with rubber body internal cones; Its feature is, rubber body upper-end surface is multistage descending combination shape face structure, is combined to form overall rubber body upper-end surface by the annular end face of multistage difformity, slope and length.
Further, in the multistage descending combination shape face structure of described rubber body upper-end surface, the shape of every section is straight line or arc shape, and coupled together by arc section transition between every two sections, to ensure in the upper end folding process of rubber body, the shape of rubber body upper end remains level and smooth, can not produce fold and cracking.
Further, described multistage descending combination is the straightway combination of more than two sections, and by the transition of fillet section between straightway and straightway, each straightway has different slopes and length, to ensure in the upper end folding process of rubber body, the shape of rubber body upper end remains level and smooth, can not produce fold and cracking.
Further, described multistage descending combination is three sections of straightway combinations, and wherein, the length of the first straightway is 18-22mm, and the angle of the first straightway and axis is 14-17 degree; The length of the second straightway is 44-47mm, and the angle of the first straightway and axis is 20-23 degree; The length of the 3rd straightway is 14-16mm, and the angle of the first straightway and axis is 11-15 degree.
Further, the fillet radius of two sections of annular radiused corners sections 22 of the upper-end surface of described rubber body is all 4-8mm.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the upper-end surface of rubber body is multistage combination shape face, and adopt the transition of annular radiused corners section between every two sections, the smooth variation of vertical stiffness can be realized repeatedly, there will not be the phenomenon that the vertical stiffness of volute spring increases suddenly, vertical stiffness can be avoided to occur inverse S-curve, thus effectively prevent locomotive from derailing, volute spring also can be allowed to have good damping, noise reduction simultaneously.
2. the upper end of rubber body adopts the distortion shape face structure being greater than more than two sections, and adopt the transition of annular radiused corners section between every two sections, and pass through slope, the length of each section of Reasonable adjustment, can effectively prevent rubber body bearing load, in the process that the upper end of rubber body moves down, rubber body upper end shape remains level and smooth, thus prevents rubber body upper end from ftractureing.
3. the upper-end surface of rubber body adopts the combination shape face of multistage, the transition of annular radiused corners section is adopted between every two sections, therefore rubber physical efficiency realizes repeatedly the change of lateral stiffness and longitudinal rigidity, and the change of lateral stiffness and longitudinal rigidity can be allowed milder, there will not be the unexpected increase of lateral stiffness and longitudinal rigidity, thus make locomotive when accelerating, slowing down or turning, more steadily, smooth and easy, the comfortable feel of passenger in car can be increased.
4. volute spring by the locomotive that changes the length of each section, slope and hop count and regulate vertical, the horizontal and vertical variation rigidity of volute spring to make volute spring can meet different model under different conditions to the needs of rigidity, make locomotive meet demanding kinetics, thus allow locomotive run better.Meanwhile, also allow the versatility of volute spring stronger, application area is wider, can be applied on various kinds of vehicles.
5. volute spring energy crack resistence, long service life; Structure is simple, and cost is low, is applicable to batch production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cross-sectional schematic of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged view at A place in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is schematic perspective view of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic of the utility model under maximum vertical load;
Fig. 5 is the enlarged view at C place in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is vertical stiffness curve of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional schematic before the utility model improves;
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional schematic before the utility model improves under maximum vertical load;
Fig. 9 is the vertical stiffness curve before the utility model improves;
In figure: 1 internal cones, 11 internal cones boss, 2 rubber body, 21 annular flat straight sections, 211 first annular flat segments, 212 second annular flat straight sections, 213 the 3rd annular flat straight sections, 22 annular radiused corners sections, 3 external cone.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the description of one step is done to the utility model:
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1-3, a kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking, comprises internal cones 1, rubber body 2 and external cone 3, and internal cones 1 lower end extends to form the internal cones boss 11 of annular laterally.The upper-end surface 21 of rubber body 2 is the multistage descending structure of three sections, is respectively the first annular flat segments 211, second annular flat straight section 212 and the 3rd annular flat straight section 213, adopts annular radiused corners section 22 transition between every two sections of annular flat straight sections.In the present embodiment, the fillet radius of two sections of annular radiused corners sections 22 of the upper-end surface of rubber body 2 is all 4-8mm.Rubber body 2 is looped around the periphery of internal cones 1, and external cone 3 is looped around the periphery of rubber body 2.Internal cones 1 and external cone 3 are metal parts, internal cones 1 and external cone 3 are sulfided into an entirety with rubber body 2 under certain temperature and pressure by adhesive, its effect is: utilize rubber body 2 to play vibration and noise reducing effect, and internal cones 1 and external cone 3 play a part to support and mounting interface.
In order to avoid fold and cracking appear in rubber body 2 upper end, the structure that the present embodiment adopts as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.The upper-end surface of rubber body 2 forms an entirety by the first annular flat segments 211, second annular flat straight section 212, the 3rd annular flat straight section 213 and two sections of annular radiused corners sections 22.Adopt annular radiused corners section 22 transition between first annular flat segments 211 and the second annular flat straight section 212, between the second annular flat straight section 212 and the 3rd annular flat straight section 213, also adopt annular radiused corners section 22 transition.Rubber body 2 is subject in the process that vertical load moves down, and owing to being connected outside rubber body 2 with inside external cone 3, the movement in rubber body 2 upper end and outside can be subject to the constraint of external cone 3.Visible, rubber body 2 is subject in the process that vertical load moves down, and the change in shape of rubber body 2 upper end can be subject to the slope of each section of annular flat straight section 21, the impact of multiple factor such as sidelead in length and external cone 3.
As shown in the form of below, in form, give each section of annular flat straight section of rubber body 2 upper-end surface in the present embodiment and the angle in vertical direction and the length of each section of annular flat straight section.
| The angle (degree) in annular flat straight section and vertical direction | The length (millimeter) of annular flat straight section | |
| First annular flat segments | 14-17 (in figure b) | 18-22 |
| Second annular flat straight section | 44-47 (in figure a) | 20-23 |
| 3rd annular flat straight section | 16-21 (in figure c) | 11-15 |
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, when volute spring is subject to the downward pressure of vertical load, rubber body 2 moves down, and the shape of rubber body 2 upper end can change.Because the fillet radius of the slope in the first annular flat segments 211, second annular flat straight section 212, the 3rd annular flat straight section 213 and length and annular radiused corners section 22 designs rationally, therefore, in the process that rubber body 2 moves down, the shape of rubber body 2 upper end can remain level and smooth.Rubber body 2 upper end can be avoided to produce fold, therefore can prevent rubber body 2 upper end from ftractureing.When volute spring is subject to the downward pressure of maximum vertical load, the shape of rubber body 2 upper end can present the smooth-shaped as C place in Fig. 4, also can see shown in Fig. 5.
The utility model has the advantages that:
Different to the rigidity requirement of volute spring in different situations due to locomotive.When locomotive is in zero load, require that the rigidity of volute spring can not be too large, and elasticity will be got well, described good springiness is exactly the pressure of load to volute spring that will work as locomotive when increasing suddenly, and the rigidity of volute spring but can not increase suddenly, can play good damping effect.But after locomotive loads, especially under maximum load, require that again the rigidity of volute spring is very large, and good elasticity will be had.This just needs volute spring can have good variation rigidity to meet locomotive rigidity requirement in all cases.
As Figure 7-8, current volute spring owing to there is no the structure of annular flat straight section and annular radiused corners section 22, so repeatedly variation rigidity can not be realized.The vertical stiffness curve of current volute spring as shown in Figure 9, has two vertical stiffness curves in figure, what be wherein positioned at top is the vertical stiffness curve of locomotive when loading, and what be positioned at below is the vertical stiffness curve of locomotive when unloading.And according to the different model of locomotive during zero load at present, each volute spring about bears the vertical load of 14KN-18KN, and 14KN-18KN is the inverse S-curve part being in volute spring vertical stiffness as can be seen from Figure 9.The feature of described inverse S-curve is, the distance that rubber body 2 moves down is little, but its rigidity increases very fast, and such rigidity increases the damping that mode is unfavorable for locomotive, has the risk causing locomotive to derail.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with shown in Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, three sections of annular flat straight sections 21 of rubber body 2 upper-end surface and two sections of annular radiused corners sections 22, can make volute spring have vertical twice, horizontal and vertical variation rigidity.The vertical stiffness curve of the volute spring of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 6, has two vertical stiffness curves in figure, what be wherein positioned at top is the vertical stiffness curve of locomotive when loading, and what be positioned at below is the vertical stiffness curve of locomotive when unloading.Owing to there being the structure of twice vertically changing rigidity in the present embodiment, therefore when the pressure that the vertical load that volute spring is subject to increasing suddenly is downward, the distance that rubber body 2 moves down is also comparatively large, can play good buffering, damping effect.As can see from Figure 6, the inverse S-curve of volute spring vertical stiffness has been eliminated in the present embodiment.Same, when locomotive accelerate, slow down or turn time due to three sections of annular flat straight sections 21 of rubber body 2 upper end and the structure of two sections of annular radiused corners sections 22, volute spring is made also to have twice variation rigidity horizontal and vertical, well horizontal and vertical buffering and damping effect can be played, thus make locomotive when accelerating, slowing down or turning, more steady, smooth and easy, the comfortable feel of passenger in car can be increased.
Embodiment two
Roughly the same with the structure of embodiment one, but what rubber body 2 upper-end surface adopted is not mild straight line transition, and mild curved side carries out transition, the upper end of rubber body 2 is four sections of annular flat straight sections 21 and three sections of annular radiused corners sections 22, and the lower end of rubber body 2 is three sections of annular flat straight sections 21 and two sections of annular radiused corners sections 22.The hop count of such change annular flat straight section 21 can change the number of times of volute spring variation rigidity, that is, by regulating the hop count of annular flat segments 21 to change the number of times of the variation rigidity of volute spring.The hop count increasing or reduce annular flat straight section 21 still can make volute spring from zero load to maximum vertical load process, and the top and bottom shape of rubber body 2 does not occur fold, can remain level and smooth shape.
Obviously, under the prerequisite not departing from principle described in the utility model, the some improvement made or modification all should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. one kind can prevent the volute spring of rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking, comprise internal cones, rubber body and external cone, rubber body is looped around the periphery of internal cones, external cone is looped around the periphery of rubber body, and rubber body and internal cones form the rubber metal spring of a tapered arrangement together with external cone; Rubber body upper-end surface is connected with the internal cones of volute spring and external cone respectively, and rubber body from external cone joint to being that progressively downward trend is moved towards with rubber body internal cones; It is characterized in that, rubber body upper-end surface is multistage descending combination shape face structure, is combined to form overall rubber body upper-end surface by the annular end face of multistage difformity, slope and length.
2. the volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the multistage descending combination shape face structure of described rubber body upper-end surface, the shape of every section is straight line or arc shape, and coupled together by arc section transition between every two sections, to ensure in the upper end folding process of rubber body, the shape of rubber body upper end remains level and smooth, can not produce fold and cracking.
3. the volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described multistage descending combination is the straightway combination of more than two sections, and by the transition of fillet section between straightway and straightway, each straightway has different slopes and length, to ensure in the upper end folding process of rubber body, the shape of rubber body upper end remains level and smooth, can not produce fold and cracking.
4. the volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described multistage descending combination is three sections of straightway combinations, wherein, the length of the first straightway is 18-22mm, and the angle of the first straightway and axis is 14-17 degree; The length of the second straightway is 44-47mm, and the angle of the first straightway and axis is 20-23 degree; The length of the 3rd straightway is 14-16mm, and the angle of the first straightway and axis is 11-15 degree.
5. the volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the fillet radius of two sections of annular radiused corners sections of the upper-end surface of described rubber body is all 4-8mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520150391.5U CN204477145U (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | A kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520150391.5U CN204477145U (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | A kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204477145U true CN204477145U (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520150391.5U Expired - Fee Related CN204477145U (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | A kind of volute spring that can prevent rubber body upper-end surface fold and cracking |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN204477145U (en) |
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2015
- 2015-03-17 CN CN201520150391.5U patent/CN204477145U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150715 Termination date: 20180317 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |