CN204391714U - A kind of Novel electric surge protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel surge protector, which mainly includes a lightning protection element, a power frequency current suppressor, a temperature sensor, an overcurrent protection device, a thermal protection device, a current limiter, a time-delay stepping electromagnet, an induction sheet, Breaking contact, arc extinguishing grid, arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate and upper and lower terminals, signal detector, signal transmission line, overcurrent protection device detector, data unit, connecting wire, connecting terminal; temperature sensor in the utility model It can sense the temperature of the lightning protection component and convert the temperature information into current information and introduce it into the delay stepping electromagnet. After the delay stepping electromagnet is connected to the power frequency current, a series of mechanical linkages will be caused, and the bypass will be turned on to reduce the surge. The discharge path is short-circuited, so as to realize the protective effect on the surge protector. This new type of surge protector fundamentally solves the potential safety hazards caused by the action blind area of the existing thermal protection device and overcurrent protection device and the unknowable operation status of the overcurrent protection device, thermal protection device and the working status of the lightning protection components. .

Description

A New Type of Surge Protector

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of surge protection for electronic and electric equipment.

Background technique

Lightning is a special weather phenomenon caused by the discharge of charged clouds in the air. Lightning is an important cause of damage to electronic equipment, which threatens the safe and stable operation of electronic information systems in various fields such as construction, railways, civil aviation, communications, industrial control, and military. Installing surge protectors on metal lines such as power lines, signal lines, and control lines connected to electronic equipment is one of the important measures for lightning protection. Surge protectors have been widely used in various fields and play an important role in lightning protection. The quality of its state directly affects its lightning protection effect, thus bringing hidden dangers to the safety of the protected equipment.

At this stage, SPD usually has two kinds of protection devices: thermal protection and overcurrent protection (built-in or external) when used. The thermal protection device is used to protect the lightning protection device from deteriorating and heating, and the overcurrent protection device is used to prevent transient overcurrent or The lightning protection device caused by the voltage is broken down and short circuited, and the overcurrent protection is used as a backup protection method for thermal protection, so it can play an effective protective role in most occasions.

However, since heat conduction is a relatively slow process, the sensitivity of the thermal protection device is low, and it can still provide effective protection for the slow temperature rise process, but for the rapid temperature rise caused by the continuous overvoltage state in the low (medium) voltage system , the thermal protection tripping device cannot sense this process in time without taking action, causing the lightning protection device to be broken down, and the power frequency current enters the SPD line. When the power frequency current value does not reach the starting value of the overcurrent protection device, the overcurrent The protection device will not operate, which will cause the SPD to catch fire; if the start-up value of the over-current protection device is selected to be small, although it can be started, it is difficult to resist the impact of the lightning current, resulting in the SPD not being able to discharge the lightning current normally.

Moreover, the operating status of the thermal protection device and the overcurrent protection device of the existing surge protector cannot be grasped by the user in time, and the use status of the lightning protection components inside the surge protector cannot be known by the user at the same time. Maintenance of surge protectors or replacement of internal components or devices may cause lightning strikes or other accidents.

To sum up, the current SPD has a serious action blind area in the protection angle. In this area, neither the thermal protection device nor the overcurrent protection device can operate, resulting in serious safety hazards; at the same time, the action of the overcurrent protection device and the thermal protection device The situation and the working status of the lightning protection components cannot be known by the user in time, which also brings serious potential safety hazards.

Utility model content

In order to effectively solve the above problems in the prior art, the utility model proposes a new type of surge protector for power supply systems that is easy to install and reliable in performance, which fundamentally solves the dead zone and the action of the existing thermal protection device and overcurrent protection device. The operation status of the overcurrent protection device, the thermal protection device and the working status of the lightning protection components are unknown, which brings potential safety hazards.

The utility model adopts the following technical solutions: the utility model is a surge protector used in a power electronic circuit system, and the surge protector mainly includes a lightning protection element, a power frequency current suppressor, a temperature sensor, and an overcurrent protection device , thermal protection device, current limiter, time-delay stepping electromagnet, induction plate, tripping mechanism, breaking contact, signal detector, signal transmission line, overcurrent protection device detector, data unit, connecting wire, connecting terminal and shell. The lightning protection element and the overcurrent protection device are connected in series to form a surge discharge path; the thermal protection device is located at the electrode pin of the lightning protection element; the temperature sensor includes two types, namely contact type and non-contact type , its output end is connected with the time-delay stepping electromagnet; the other end of the time-delaying stepping electromagnet acts on the induction sheet; the breaking contact includes a moving contact and a static contact; the induction sheet and the moving The contacts are connected through a tripping device; the static contact and the current limiter are connected in parallel with the lightning protection element after being connected in series; the signal detector is installed on or near the electrode surface of the lightning protection element, or near the surge discharge path, and the The transmission line is connected to the data unit; the detector of the overcurrent protection device is connected to both ends of the overcurrent protection device in parallel, and connected to the data unit through the signal transmission line; the data unit is connected to the connection terminal through the connection line.

The temperature measurement object of the temperature sensor in the utility model can be a wire on the surge discharge path, or a lightning protection element. The temperature sensor converts the temperature information it senses into current information, and the time-delay stepping electromagnet can The difference in the heat generation time of the signal output by the temperature sensor induced lightning current and the power frequency current is used as the basis for breaking the SPD path to realize a parametric control. The power frequency current is a millisecond-level periodic wave, and the delay stepping electromagnetic The iron can step through the number of pulses, move quickly after a millisecond delay, push the induction plate, drive the tripping mechanism, break the SPD path, and play a protective role; the lightning current is a rapidly changing microsecond pulse, and the delay is stepped The electromagnet cannot complete the pulse number stepping and enters the delay stage. The lightning current has already flowed, so the tripping mechanism does not operate to ensure the smooth discharge of the lightning current; at the same time, the utility model can be manually reset through the reset switch; the arc extinguishing The grid and arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate are used to eliminate the arc generated when the moving contact contacts the static contact.

The signal detector can be installed on or near the electrode surface of the lightning protection component to detect the temperature, magnetic field, infrared and other signals of the lightning protection component; it can also be installed near the surge discharge path to detect the temperature and magnetic field of the surge discharge path , infrared, electric power and other signals; the signal detector can also detect the action of the thermal protection device. The detector of the overcurrent protection device can detect the state of the overcurrent protection device, and output it to the data unit through the signal transmission line. The data unit has a built-in power supply, or obtains power from outside the connection terminal through a connection wire.

The working mode of the new surge protector: when the surge current flows, the temperature signal sensed by the temperature sensor is processed and converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the delay stepping electromagnet, but the lightning current changes rapidly in microseconds level pulse, the delay stepping electromagnet cannot complete the stepping of the number of pulses, the electromagnetic action mechanism does not operate, and the SPD discharges the surge current normally; at this time, the signal detector can detect the temperature of the lightning protection component itself or the surge discharge path , magnetic field, infrared, electric power and other signal changes, so as to analyze the lightning current size, waveform and other information, record the lightning strike time, and send such information to the data unit through the data transmission line, and the data unit is connected to the external device through the connecting line and the connecting terminal. The external device may be a data collection device, a network switching device, a monitoring device, and the like. When the lightning protection device deteriorates and power frequency leakage flows through the lightning protection component, the thermal protection device installed at the electrode end of the lightning protection component will heat up and melt, disconnecting the surge discharge path and preventing the surge protector from fire; at this time The signal detector can detect the action of the thermal protection device, and the signal can be sent to the data unit through the data transmission line, and the data unit is connected to the external equipment through the connecting line and the connecting terminal. The external equipment can be data acquisition equipment, network switching equipment, monitoring equipment, etc. When the power system fails, the power frequency current flows, and the lightning protection component fails and short-circuits, the power frequency current suppressor in the protection device can suppress the current flowing at this time, so that the power frequency current value passing through the lightning protection component It can rise slowly and prolong the time of SPD fire accident; at this time, the power frequency current is a periodic wave of millisecond level, and the delay stepping electromagnet moves quickly after stepping in the number of pulses and millisecond delay, pushing the induction plate, Drive the tripping mechanism, close the breaking contact, turn on the bypass, and directly introduce the power frequency current into the overcurrent protection device, thereby cutting off the SPD path and protecting the surge discharge path. When the overcurrent protection device detector detects that the overcurrent protection device has been disconnected, this signal can be sent to the data unit through the data transmission line, and the data unit sends a signal to the external device of the connection terminal through the connection line. The external device may be a data collection device, a network switching device, a monitoring device, and the like.

In the above three processes, the signal detector will send the temperature, magnetic field, infrared, electric power and other signals detected on the lightning protection component or surge discharge path to the data unit through the data transmission line, and the data unit will connect to the data unit through the connection line. The external equipment of the terminal sends signals to know the usage status, service life and event records of the lightning protection components. The external device may be a data collection device, a network switching device, a monitoring device, and the like.

The utility model is characterized in that:

1. This new type of surge protector solves the problem of the action blind zone of the thermal protection device and the overcurrent protection device. The bypass is composed of a breaking contact and a current limiter in series; Delay step electromagnet control, the current on the delay step electromagnet comes from the temperature sensor.

2. Lightning protection components, temperature sensors, overcurrent protection devices, power frequency current suppressors, thermal protection devices, current limiters, time-delay stepping electromagnets, breaking contacts, tripping mechanisms, Signal detectors, signal transmission lines, overcurrent protection device detectors, data units, connecting wires, and connecting terminals can be integrated into one body and installed in the housing to meet the current capacity, response time and voltage of surge protectors for electrical equipment. The requirements of the three indicators of the protection level enhance the reliability of the equipment, and can also be packaged in different modules and combined together for easy installation and use;

3. This new type of surge protector may not have an overcurrent protection device.

4. The temperature sensor of this new surge protector can be a contact temperature sensor or a non-contact temperature sensor, and its detection object can be a wire on the surge discharge path or a lightning protection component.

5. The connection terminal of this new surge protector can be connected with external equipment, and the signal detected by the signal detector and overcurrent protection device detector is sent to the external equipment, so that the monitoring personnel can grasp the various states of the surge protector. The external device may be a data collection device, a network switching device, a monitoring device, and the like. The data collection device can collect information of multiple surge protectors, and the network switching device can be connected to multiple data collection devices.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure of the first embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of protection effect of the utility model

Fig. 6 is the work flow diagram under the ideal state of the utility model

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the networking system of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the utility model networking system

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described:

As shown in the figure, 1 is the upper terminal, 2 is the breaking contact, 3 is the tripping mechanism, 4 is the reset switch, 5 is the induction plate, 6 is the temperature sensor, 7 is the power frequency current suppressor, 8 is the lower wiring 9 is the shell, 10 is the lightning protection component, 11 is the time-delay step electromagnet, 12 is the arc extinguishing grid, 13 is the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate, 14 is the current limiter, 15 is the overcurrent protection device, 16 is Thermal protection device, 17 is bypass, 18 is moving contact, 19 is static contact, 20 is signal detector, 21 is signal transmission line 1, 22 is overcurrent protection device detector, 23 is signal transmission line 2, 24 is Data unit, 25 is connecting line, 26 is connecting terminal, 27 is this new type surge protector, 28 is data collection equipment, 29 is monitoring equipment, 30 is connecting line 1, 31 is data line, 32 is network switching equipment.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the first embodiment of the utility model, described upper terminal (1), power frequency current suppressor (7), lightning protection element (10), overcurrent protection device (15), thermal protection device (16), lower terminal (8) are connected in series.

The power frequency current suppressor (7), connected in series between the upper and lower terminals, has a restraining effect on the flowing power frequency current, and can buy time for subsequent lightning protection components to catch fire when they fail.

The thermal protection device (16) is located at the electrode pin of the lightning protection element, and when a small power frequency current flows through the lightning protection element, the thermal protection device operates to disconnect the surge discharge path and protect the lightning protection element.

The lightning protection component (10) includes one of piezoresistor, discharge tube, TVS or a combination thereof;

The temperature sensor (6) can sense the temperature of the temperature measurement object, and convert the temperature information into current information and transmit it to the time-delay step electromagnet (11). The temperature sensor (6) includes a contact temperature sensor, such as: Bimetal thermometers, thermocouples, gas thermometers, etc., also include non-contact temperature sensors, such as: infrared sensors, microwave sensors, etc. The position of the temperature sensor (6) changes with the temperature measurement mode and temperature measurement object. Here, only the structure diagram and schematic diagram are shown in which the temperature measurement object is the lightning protection component and the temperature measurement method is non-contact.

When the reset switch (4) is closed with the moving contact (18) and the static contact (19), that is, when the surge discharge path is short-circuited, the reset switch (4) can be manually reset to make the surge discharge path Flow is restored, thereby putting the undamaged SPD back into the circuit.

The arc extinguishing grid (12) and the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate (13) constitute the arc extinguishing device of the novel surge protector, and are used to eliminate the arc generated when the moving contact and the static contact are closed.

The current limiter (14) can be one of electronic devices such as resistance, inductance, and capacitance, or a circuit composed of them.

The overcurrent protection device (15) can be a fuse or a circuit breaker. When the current flowing through the lightning protection element is a relatively large power frequency current, the device functions to disconnect the surge discharge path and protect the lightning protection element .

The signal detector (20) is installed on the surface of the lightning protection element (21) to detect the temperature, magnetic field, infrared and other signals of the lightning protection element (10), and the signal detector (20) also detects the temperature of the thermal protection device (16) simultaneously. Action status, and output to the data unit (24) through the signal transmission line 1 (21); the overcurrent protection device detector (22) is connected in parallel at both ends of the overcurrent protection device (15), and detects the overcurrent protection device (15) state, and output to the data unit (24) through the signal transmission line 2 (23); the data unit (24) has a built-in power supply, and can also obtain power from the outside of the connection terminal (26) through the connection line (25).

Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment, that is, when the power frequency current flows through the lightning protection element (10), the temperature sensor (6) measures the corresponding temperature change, and then transmits the corresponding current information to the delay step Enter the electromagnet (11), trigger the mechanical linkage of the trip mechanism (3), close the breaking contact (2), conduct the bypass (17), and realize the separation of the surge discharge path from the working circuit.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model, there is no overcurrent protection device (15) in the surge protector of this embodiment, only comprises surge discharge path, bypass (17) and temperature sensor (6 ), power frequency current suppressor (7), time-delay step electromagnet (11), induction plate (5), tripping mechanism (3), signal detector (20), signal transmission line 1 (21), signal transmission line 2 (23), an overcurrent protection device detector (22), a data unit (24), a connecting wire (25), and a connecting terminal (26). The second embodiment provides a diagram of the working principle of the surge protector of the present invention under such circumstances. Because when the surge protector is in use, if there is no built-in overcurrent protection device, then the rear end must be connected in series with the overcurrent protection device. Therefore, the new surge protector described in this embodiment can allow it to The external over-current protection device acts in time to separate the surge protector from the main circuit.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present utility model, in the actual application of surge protector, there may be described lightning protection element (10), industrial frequency current suppressor (7), temperature sensor (6) ), overcurrent protection device (15), thermal protection device (16), current limiter (14), time-delay step electromagnet (11), tripping mechanism (3), breaking contact (2) are installed in different In the case of the shell, I only list one of the working principle diagrams here, and this scheme is also applicable to other deformations in this case.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the embodiments in which the components are integrated into one body, and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show the embodiments in which the components can also be installed in different housings or packaged in different modules and combined together.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the protection effect of the utility model, which divides the power frequency short-circuit current into three parts: the small power frequency current refers to the current range that the thermal protection device can start; the large power frequency short-circuit current refers to the current range that the overcurrent protection device can start Current range; and between the two is the power frequency short-circuit current action blind area of the existing surge protector protection device, referred to as the action blind area.

The utility model is a surge protector and its protection device used in power electronic circuit systems, and can overcome the problem of action blind spots. The working process in an ideal state is shown in Figure 6, that is, through the temperature sensor (6) The protective device with the stepping electromagnet (11) as the core realizes the protection of the internal environment of the surge protector. The protective device mainly includes a breaking contact (2), a tripping mechanism (3), a reset switch (4), Induction plate (5), temperature sensor (6), power frequency current suppressor (7), time-delay step electromagnet (11), arc extinguishing grid (12), arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate (13), upper terminal (1), lower terminal (8), overcurrent protection device (15) and thermal protection device (16).

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the networking system of the present invention, in which connecting wire 1 (30) connects several surge protectors (27) of the present invention together and then links to each other with the data acquisition equipment (28), and the data acquisition The equipment (28) is connected with the monitoring equipment (29) through the data line (31). The connection line 1 (30) is connected to the connection terminal (26) of the surge protector (27) of the present invention, and the data collection device (28) can provide power to the internal data unit (24). The connection line 1 (30) can be a 485 bus or a CAN bus or other line types. The data line (31) can be a network cable, an optical fiber or other line types.

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the networking system of the present invention, in which the network switching device (32) can collect the data of a plurality of data acquisition devices (28) and transmit them to the monitoring device (29) simultaneously to form a surge protector (27) intelligent monitoring network.

Utilizing the technical solution of the utility model to achieve corresponding technical effects, or equivalent transformation of the technical solution without departing from the design idea of the utility model, all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (13)

1. a Novel electric surge protector, comprise lightning protection component, overcurrent protective device, thermel protection device and shell, described lightning protection component and overcurrent protective device series connection, form surge to release path, described thermel protection device is positioned on lightning protection component electrode, it is characterized in that: this Novel electric surge protector also comprises power current inhibitor, temperature sensor, time delay step electromagnet, sensing chip, break contact, flow restricter, tripping mechanism, signal sensor, signal transmssion line, overcurrent protective device detector, data cell, connecting line, splicing ear; Described power current inhibitor is connected on surge and releases on path; Described break contact comprises moving contact and fixed contact; The output of described temperature sensor is connected with time delay step electromagnet input; Described time delay step electromagnet controls sensing chip action; Described sensing chip is connected by tripping mechanism with moving contact; Described fixed contact and flow restricter series connection and in parallel with lightning protection component; Described signal sensor is connected with data cell by signal transmssion line; Described overcurrent protective device detector is parallel to overcurrent protective device two ends, is connected with data cell through signal transmssion line; Described data cell is connected with splicing ear by connecting line.

2. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this Novel electric surge protector can not have overcurrent protective device.

3. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: after described moving contact and fixed contact close, can not open before overcurrent protective device disconnects again.

4. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described break contact has reset switch.

5. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: time delay step electromagnet adopts the time difference of lightning current and power current to control, as the foundation of disjunction SPD path to realize parametrization.

6. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described time delay step electromagnet controls moving contact action by mechanical linkage.

7. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: described lightning protection component and temperature sensor, overcurrent protective device, thermel protection device, power current inhibitor, flow restricter, time delay step electromagnet, electromagnetism actuating mechanism, break contact, tripping mechanism, signal sensor, signal transmssion line, overcurrent protective device detector, data cell, connecting line, splicing ear; same housing can be positioned at, also can be installed on different housings or be encapsulated in different modules and combine.

8. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the circuit that described flow restricter can be one of resistance, inductance, electric capacity or be combined by it.

9. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described overcurrent protective device can be fuse or circuit breaker.

10. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described lightning protection component can be piezo-resistance, discharge tube, TVS one or a combination set of.

11. a kind of Novel electric surge protectors according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: the thermometric object of described temperature sensor transducer can be lightning protection component; also can be the wire that surge is released on path; described temperature sensor comprises noncontact and contacts two types, is arranged on surface or the side of thermometric object according to characteristic difference.

12. a kind of Novel electric surge protectors according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described signal sensor be installed on lightning protection component electrode surface or near, or be installed on surge and release near path.

13. a kind of Novel electric surge protectors according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described data cell is connected with external equipment by connecting line, splicing ear, and described external equipment can be data acquisition equipment, the network switching equipment, watch-dog.