CN204389352U - A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation - Google Patents

A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN204389352U
CN204389352U CN201520060304.7U CN201520060304U CN204389352U CN 204389352 U CN204389352 U CN 204389352U CN 201520060304 U CN201520060304 U CN 201520060304U CN 204389352 U CN204389352 U CN 204389352U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
filter membrane
sample
geosynthetics
draining material
material filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201520060304.7U
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李结全
吴光航
侯福昌
潘鑫
苏建
欧孝夺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangxi Ruiyu Building Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Guangxi University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangxi University filed Critical Guangxi University
Priority to CN201520060304.7U priority Critical patent/CN204389352U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN204389352U publication Critical patent/CN204389352U/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Abstract

The utility model belongs to geosynthetics technical field of measurement and test, relate to a kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, it is characterized in that comprising with lower device: water feed apparatus, load means, drainage arrangement, this appliance arrangement is simple, operation is simple, measuring accuracy is high, can be used for the test of earthwork composite material vertical permeability coefficient.

Description

A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation
Technical field
The utility model belongs to geosynthetics technical field of measurement and test, can be used for the quantitative test of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane silting reduction.
Background technology
Geosynthetics draining material is that the difform core material composition made with slim geotextile parcel different materials becomes a kind of composite draining material, this material overcomes geotextile along the little shortcoming of textile plane direction drainability, can the unobstructed draining of drainage channel of core in the horizontal direction, and the geotextile of outsourcing enters obstruction drainage channel as filtering layer to stop particle.
In recent years, along with the development of geosynthetics draining material, be widely used and indulge the fields such as cross drainage, buildings underdrainage passage, dykes and dams pumping equipment in Soft Ground, roadbed.But geosynthetics draining material in use; water flows through filter membrane from protected soil; in flow process, make soil particle be gathered on the surperficial aperture on the surface of fabric; the import of blocking water stream channel; or fine grained is deposited on inside, space; reduce the effective discharge area of passage gradually, reduce drainage efficiency.At present, the drainage efficiency reduction index that the silting for filter membrane causes does not set up unified standard, and rarely has report especially for the reduction quantitative test of drainage efficiency, and related experiment equipment is also in conceptual phase.The utility model provides reference by the new method for making sample of development and related experiment equipment for the quantitative test of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane silting reduction index.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the quantitative test problem in order to solve geosynthetics draining material filter membrane silting reduction index, and proposes a kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction method of testing.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, is characterized in that comprising with lower device: water feed apparatus, load means, drainage arrangement;
Described water feed apparatus comprises assembly type water level pipe, sealing lock, draining ozzle, slidably hold-down support, connecting hose, filling pipe, described assembly type water level pipe one end connects filling pipe, and the other end connects connecting hose, the sidewall side of described assembly type water level pipe has multiple draining ozzle, this draining ozzle is by only water gate control, and opposite side has slidably hold-down support, and the other end of this slidably hold-down support has rule;
Described load means has sample groove, sample groove lid, water inlet, water delivering orifice, shell, base, described water inlet, water delivering orifice is positioned at the both sides of shell, the bottom of this shell has base, described sample groove vertically inserts the inside of shell, and the top of this sample groove has sample groove lid, and described water inlet is connected with connecting hose;
Described drainage arrangement has header tank and collector pipe, and described collector pipe one end connects water delivering orifice, and the other end connects header tank.
A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, it is characterized in that described sample groove is for placing sample, this sample is layer structure, is followed successively by geosynthetics draining material filter membrane from bottom to top, filter membrane top layer silt seam and filter paper, the thickness of described sample is the even rectangular pieces of 0.1cm, and sample bed-plate dimension is divided into 14 × 10cm, 14 × 8cm, 14 × 6cm, 10 × 10cm, 10 × 8cm, 10 × 6cm six kinds of specifications.
A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, this device also comprises a specimen holder, this specimen holder comprises fixed mount and fixed network, described specimen holder is hollow-core construction, upper and lower both sides are fixed network, and surrounding is fixed mount, and inner space is for placing sample, this hollow-core construction and specimen size match, and can guarantee that geosynthetics draining material filter membrane all can water proof with external position.
Geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation carries out a method for sample testing, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, carries out assembling and testing device according to claim 1;
Step 2, according to sample standard according to claim 2, carries out making sample;
Step 3, test, puts into clamper by sample, and puts into sample groove and test, and covers sample groove lid and carries out water-proofing treatment with underwater paint; The flexible pipe gap height control connecting load means water delivering orifice is combined the in-built water of water level pipe to a little more than beginning behind shell upper end is past, and slow draining also observes interior situation, until bubble emptying in device.Infiltration coefficient is tested.According to test head requirement for height, open the corresponding tongs of combined water level pipe, and continue to add water toward combined water level pipe to guarantee that water level remains unchanged, and collect the load means water delivering orifice discharge water yield and corresponding time.Composite sample infiltration coefficient can be recorded according to data, silting reduction coefficient can be calculated according to related data:
Vertical infiltration adopts permeability rate to represent:
ψ = W Δh · A · t
In formula: ψ-permeability rate (cm/s);
T-test duration (s);
W-flow (cm 3);
A-Area of Sample (cm).
Filter membrane silting reduction coefficient calculating formula is:
φ = ψ 1 ψ 0 × 100 %
In formula: φ-silting reduction coefficient;
ψ 1-use filtering membrane sample permeability rate (cm/s);
ψ 0-do not use filtering membrane sample permeability rate (cm/s).
Beneficial effect:
According to geosynthetics draining material filter membrane silting testing feature and demand, adopt special method for making sample, filter membrane vertical direction seepage flow situation in the silting situation of filter membrane and use procedure can be reflected, propose filter membrane silting reduction coefficient calculating formula simultaneously and can be quantificational expression filter membrane silting situation reference is provided.
According to geosynthetics draining material filter membrane silting test major influence factors and test main points, testing apparatus has good watertightness and impermeability, permeate under can simulating the seepage effect of different wall pressure and hydraulic gradient, device has that equipment is simple, easy and simple to handle, measuring accuracy high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is that the filter membrane sample of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation described in the utility model and method is by effect of water pressure diagrammatic cross-section.
Fig. 2 is the filter membrane sample water seepage direction schematic diagram of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation described in the utility model and method.
Fig. 3 is the specimen holder schematic diagram of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation described in the utility model and method.
Fig. 4 is the water pressure room schematic diagram of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation described in the utility model and method.
Fig. 5 is the overall package schematic diagram of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation described in the utility model and method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the utility model further.
A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, is characterized in that comprising with lower device: water feed apparatus, load means, drainage arrangement;
Described water feed apparatus comprises assembly type water level pipe 11, sealing lock 12, draining ozzle 13, slidably hold-down support 15, connecting hose 17, filling pipe 16, described assembly type water level pipe 11 one end connects filling pipe 16, and the other end connects connecting hose 17, the sidewall side of described assembly type water level pipe 11 has multiple draining ozzle 13, this draining ozzle 13 is controlled by sealing lock 12, and opposite side has slidably hold-down support 15, and the other end of this slidably hold-down support 15 has rule 14;
Described load means has sample groove 6, sample groove lid 5, water inlet 7, water delivering orifice 8, shell 9, base 10, described water inlet 7, water delivering orifice 8 is positioned at the both sides of shell 9, the bottom of this shell 9 has base 10, described sample groove 6 vertically inserts the inside of shell 9, and the top of this sample groove 6 has sample groove lid 5, and described water inlet 7 is connected with connecting hose 17;
Described drainage arrangement has header tank 18 and collector pipe 19, and described collector pipe 19 one end connects water delivering orifice 8, and the other end connects header tank 18.
Described sample groove 6 is for placing sample, this sample is layer structure, be followed successively by geosynthetics draining material filter membrane 1 from bottom to top, filter membrane top layer silt seam 1-1 and filter paper 2, the thickness of described sample is the even rectangular pieces of 0.1cm, sample bed-plate dimension is divided into 14 × 10cm, 14 × 8cm, 14 × 6cm, 10 × 10cm, 10 × 8cm, 10 × 6cm six kinds of specifications.
This device also comprises a specimen holder, this specimen holder comprises fixed mount 3 and fixed network 4, described specimen holder is hollow-core construction, upper and lower both sides are fixed network 4, surrounding is fixed mount 3, inner space is for placing sample, and this hollow-core construction and specimen size match, and can guarantee that geosynthetics draining material filter membrane 1 all can water proof with external position.
Geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation carries out a method for sample testing, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1, device installation and adjustment.
(1) load means is installed.After load means each several part has been assembled, can tentatively install after testing fixture strength of joint.Carry out precision leveling after preliminary installation, concrete grammar is: use level meter to make base plane be on surface level, guarantee that base plane fixedly secures base after being in surface level, avoids, due to external interference, the displacements such as skew occur.
(2) water feed apparatus is installed.After rule and combination water level pipe have been connected, can tentatively install after checking strength of joint.Carry out precision leveling after preliminary installation, concrete grammar is: first adjust rule height, is that on rule 0 scale mark and load means base, plane is in same level; Adjustment rule attitude, makes it perpendicular to base surface level, even if water level pipe centerline is on pedal line.Fixedly secure water feed apparatus after having adjusted, avoid, due to external interference, the displacements such as skew occur.
(3) drainage arrangement is installed.Drainage arrangement is installed on height lower than below load means base plane height, guarantees that water surface curve in header tank inner product water tank is lower than load means base plane, prevent water level harmony height from affecting the seepage flow of sample in load means.
(4) testing fixture watertightness.After each several part has been connected, load means water delivering orifice is sealed, topped up with water in combined water level pipe, whether testing fixture each several part has water oozes out phenomenon, if there is not the phenomenon that seeps water, can carry out next step test, if there is infiltration phenomenon, then need to re-start assembling, and testing fixture watertightness again, until next step test can be carried out after guaranteeing device watertightness.
2, sample production.
Because test needs, this test combinations sample needs to make various sample according to the difference of top layer silt depth and the degree of consolidation thereof, 0.2cm, 0.3cm, 0.4cm, 05cm, 0.6cm, 0.7cm, 0.8cm, 0.9cm, 1cm nine kinds of specifications can be divided into according to top layer silt depth difference, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% Four types can be divided into according to top layer silt seam degree of consolidation difference, 14 × 10cm can be divided into according to sample bed-plate dimension difference, 14 × 8cm, 14 × 6cm, 10 × 10cm, 10 × 8cm, 10 × 6cm six kinds of specifications.When making sample, carry out combination respectively and make all kinds sample, the sample being 25% as the top layer silt seam degree of consolidation makes the sample that silt depth is 0.2cm, 0.3cm, 0.4cm, 05cm, 0.6cm, 0.7cm, 0.8cm, 0.9cm, 1cm nine kinds of specifications respectively, and often kind of specification needs making 14 × 10cm, 14 × 8cm, 14 × 6cm, 10 × 10cm, 10 × 8cm, 10 × 6cm six kinds of specifications.
Be 25% by the making top layer silt seam degree of consolidation below, thickness is 0.2cm, and bed-plate dimension is 14 × 10cm is that example is described in detail to sample production process:
Prepare through overtesting geosynthetics draining in early stage material discharging consolidation, after the soil body reaches the degree of consolidation 25%, stop draining, geosynthetics draining material surrounding soil is excavated, and stops top layer silt depth, remove inner core after cutting off geosynthetics draining material, take out the filter membrane with top layer mud.Using geotechnological cutter to cut geosynthetics draining material top layer silt seam makes it reach 0.2cm, accurately cuts out according to bed-plate dimension 14 × 10cm, after put into sample holder internal fixtion.
3, sample testing.
(1) be vented.Before test experiments starts, first should be exhausted whole test unit, bubble in device is drained.Exhaust concrete grammar is: first loaded in sample groove by the sample holder that soil body sample is housed, cover sample lid and carry out water-proofing treatment with underwater paint; The flexible pipe gap height control connecting load means water delivering orifice is combined the in-built water of water level pipe to a little more than beginning behind shell upper end is past, and slow draining also observes interior situation, until bubble emptying in device.(2) infiltration coefficient test.According to test head requirement for height, open the corresponding tongs of combined water level pipe, and continue to add water toward combined water level pipe to guarantee that water level remains unchanged, and collect the load means water delivering orifice discharge water yield and corresponding time.Composite sample infiltration coefficient can be recorded according to data, silting reduction size can be calculated according to related data.
Vertical infiltration adopts permeability rate to represent:
ψ = W Δh · A · t
In formula: ψ-permeability rate (cm/s);
T-test duration (s);
W-flow (cm 3);
A-Area of Sample (cm).
Filter membrane silting reduction coefficient calculating formula is:
φ = ψ 1 ψ 0 × 100 %
In formula: φ-silting reduction coefficient;
ψ 1-use filtering membrane sample permeability rate (cm/s);
ψ 0-do not use filtering membrane sample permeability rate (cm/s).Namely silting reduction coefficient can be drawn.
Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in restriction scope of the present utility model for illustration of the utility model.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the utility model, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the utility model instruction.

Claims (3)

1. a geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, is characterized in that comprising with lower device: water feed apparatus, load means, drainage arrangement;
Described water feed apparatus comprises assembly type water level pipe (11), sealing lock (12), draining ozzle (13), slidably hold-down support (15), connecting hose (17), filling pipe (16), described assembly type water level pipe (11) one end connects filling pipe (16), the other end connects connecting hose (17), the sidewall side of described assembly type water level pipe (11) has multiple draining ozzle (13), this draining ozzle (13) is controlled by sealing lock (12), opposite side has slidably hold-down support (15), the other end of this slidably hold-down support (15) has rule (14),
Described load means has sample groove (6), sample groove lid (5), water inlet (7), water delivering orifice (8), shell (9), base (10), described water inlet (7), water delivering orifice (8) is positioned at the both sides of shell (9), the bottom of this shell (9) has base (10), described sample groove (6) vertically inserts the inside of shell (9), and the top of this sample groove (6) has sample groove lid (5), and described water inlet (7) is connected with connecting hose (17);
Described drainage arrangement has header tank (18) and collector pipe (19), and described collector pipe (19) one end connects water delivering orifice (8), and the other end connects header tank (18).
2. a kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane as claimed in claim 1 vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, it is characterized in that described sample groove (6) is for placing sample, this sample is layer structure, be followed successively by geosynthetics draining material filter membrane (1) from bottom to top, filter membrane top layer silt seam (1-1) and filter paper (2), the thickness of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane (1) is 0.1cm, the thickness of described sample is the even rectangular pieces of 0.1cm, sample bed-plate dimension is divided into 14 × 10cm, 14 × 8cm, 14 × 6cm, 10 × 10cm, 10 × 8cm, 10 × 6cm, six kinds of specifications.
3. a kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane as claimed in claim 2 vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation, it is characterized in that this device also comprises a specimen holder, this specimen holder comprises fixed mount (3) and fixed network (4), described specimen holder is hollow-core construction, upper and lower both sides are fixed network (4), surrounding is fixed mount (3), inner space is for placing sample, this hollow-core construction and specimen size match, and can guarantee that geosynthetics draining material filter membrane (1) all can water proof with external position.
CN201520060304.7U 2015-01-28 2015-01-28 A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation Expired - Fee Related CN204389352U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201520060304.7U CN204389352U (en) 2015-01-28 2015-01-28 A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201520060304.7U CN204389352U (en) 2015-01-28 2015-01-28 A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN204389352U true CN204389352U (en) 2015-06-10

Family

ID=53362060

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201520060304.7U Expired - Fee Related CN204389352U (en) 2015-01-28 2015-01-28 A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN204389352U (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104655543A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-05-27 广西大学 Vertical permeability clogging and reduction testing device of geocomposite drainage material filter membrane and detection method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104655543A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-05-27 广西大学 Vertical permeability clogging and reduction testing device of geocomposite drainage material filter membrane and detection method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104614297A (en) Geotechnical composite drainage material filter membrane horizontal seepage clogging discounting test device and test method thereof
CN105527384B (en) A kind of grouting simulation test device and its test method
CN101832140B (en) Testing method of water pressure distribution law of subsea tunnel lining
CN106338457A (en) Hydrodynamic grouting test device simulating different filler gaps
CN110031369A (en) The underwater slurry shield mud film of bad ground forms simulator and analogy method
CN105823717A (en) Simple pressure tank model of slurry shield and use method thereof
CN202735215U (en) Device for detecting permeability coefficient of soil
CN105203080B (en) Roadbed settlement observation device and observation method thereof
CN105651677A (en) Geotechnical parameter and property tester capable of simultaneously testing specific yield and osmotic coefficient
CN101413261A (en) Double-layer low-position vacuum preload consolidation device and soft soil foundation reinforcing method
CN104458528B (en) Field slope earth's surface infiltrating performance and osmotic coefficient measurement method and device
CN102645395B (en) Diaphragm wall permeability tester
CN104655543A (en) Vertical permeability clogging and reduction testing device of geocomposite drainage material filter membrane and detection method thereof
CN201305846Y (en) Double-layer low- order vacuum prepressing reinforcing device
CN101560762A (en) Vacuum prepressing improved technical method
CN204925080U (en) Simulation becomes indoor system of recharging in flood peak permeable ground dive stratum
CN204389351U (en) A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane horizontal penetration clogging reduction proving installation
CN204389352U (en) A kind of geosynthetics draining material filter membrane vertical penetration clogging reduction proving installation
CN111141652A (en) Horizontal drainage performance testing device
CN104730223B (en) Volume change considering expansive soil SWCC curve testing apparatus and volume change considering expansive soil SWCC curve testing method
CN102419298A (en) Seepage device for slurry of coarse grained soil
CN205228918U (en) Soil field capacity soil sample making devices
CN205404360U (en) But ground parameter nature apparatus of simultaneous determination feedwater degree and osmotic coefficient
CN209606282U (en) A kind of experimental rig of osmotic grouting Percolation Threshold Effect research
CN110093911B (en) Horizontal permeability coefficient testing device under vacuum preloading foundation treatment condition

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: GUANGXI RUIYU CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: GUANGXI UNIVERSITY

Effective date: 20150528

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20150528

Address after: 530004, No. 56, Sau Road, Nanning, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Patentee after: GUANGXI RUIYU BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 530004 Nanning East Road, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 100

Patentee before: Guangxi University

PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Denomination of utility model: Vertical permeability clogging and reduction testing device of geocomposite drainage material filter membrane and detection method thereof

Effective date of registration: 20160927

Granted publication date: 20150610

Pledgee: China Co. truction Bank Corp Nanning hi tech sub branch

Pledgor: GUANGXI RUIYU BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: 2016990000832

PLDC Enforcement, change and cancellation of contracts on pledge of patent right or utility model
PC01 Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right
PC01 Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Date of cancellation: 20180523

Granted publication date: 20150610

Pledgee: China Co. truction Bank Corp Nanning hi tech sub branch

Pledgor: GUANGXI RUIYU BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: 2016990000832

PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Denomination of utility model: Vertical permeability clogging and reduction testing device of geocomposite drainage material filter membrane and detection method thereof

Effective date of registration: 20180806

Granted publication date: 20150610

Pledgee: GF bank Limited by Share Ltd. Nanning branch

Pledgor: GUANGXI RUIYU BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: 2018450000021

PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right
PC01 Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Date of cancellation: 20190906

Granted publication date: 20150610

Pledgee: GF bank Limited by Share Ltd. Nanning branch

Pledgor: GUANGXI RUIYU BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: 2018450000021

PC01 Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right
PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right

Denomination of utility model: Vertical permeability clogging and reduction testing device of geocomposite drainage material filter membrane and detection method thereof

Effective date of registration: 20190912

Granted publication date: 20150610

Pledgee: GF bank Limited by Share Ltd. Nanning branch

Pledgor: GUANGXI RUIYU BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2019450000012

PE01 Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20150610

Termination date: 20220128