CN204372068U - A kind of speed change gear and automobile - Google Patents
A kind of speed change gear and automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN204372068U CN204372068U CN201520012049.9U CN201520012049U CN204372068U CN 204372068 U CN204372068 U CN 204372068U CN 201520012049 U CN201520012049 U CN 201520012049U CN 204372068 U CN204372068 U CN 204372068U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- tooth
- automobile
- shaft
- speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn - After Issue
Links
Landscapes
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of speed change gear and automobile, belong to automotive field, speed change gear comprises gearbox and to be located in gearbox and can to transmit the input shaft of power, the first transmission shaft, second driving shaft, the 3rd transmission shaft, the 4th transmission shaft, the 5th transmission shaft, intermediate propeller shaft and output shaft; Automobile comprises above-mentioned speed change gear, and the output shaft of speed change gear is connected with the live axle of this automobile, and described live axle is connected with two driving wheels, and described automobile also comprises two followers.This speed change gear structure is simple, and speed change is convenient; The automobile employing this speed change gear can be shifted gears automatically fast, and vehicle body is light, and energy consumption is lower, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to automotive field, in particular to a kind of speed change gear and automobile.
Background technique
Automobile is the significant product of Development of Human Civilization, and institute of Ye Shi modern society must one of obligato instrument.The speed change gear of automobile is one of most important most crucial device in each automobile, automobile needs the different speed of a motor vehicle under different travelling state, traditional manual-gear vehicle is by driver according to automobile running situation manual shift, and this process is cumbersome, more difficult operation.And traditional speed change gear complex structure, component are more, and cost is higher, and weight is comparatively large, adds the energy consumption of the automobile using this speed change gear, further increases cost, inadequate energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Model utility content
The utility model provides a kind of speed change gear and automobile, aims to provide the simple speed change gear of a kind of structure to improve the problems referred to above.
The utility model is achieved in that
Speed change gear, comprises gearbox, and this gearbox is provided with input shaft, and one end of this input shaft is connected with drive unit, and the other end is provided with first in conjunction with tooth, and input shaft is provided with the first low speed gear.Gearbox is also provided with the first transmission shaft, this first transmission shaft is arranged with the first tooth cover, described first tooth puts and is provided with the first intermediate gear and the first high gear, first tooth cover be provided with near one end of input shaft with first in conjunction with tooth mate second in conjunction with tooth, described first tooth cover be provided with the first spring overlapping with the first tooth and be connected between the first transmission shaft, described gearbox is provided with the first electromagnet, can make described first spring-compressed after the energising of this first electromagnet.Second of first transmission shaft can engage in conjunction with tooth the transmission realizing power with first of input shaft in conjunction with tooth, is coaxial rotation both when transmission, and rotating speed is consistent, and therefore the two is arranged in speed changer respectively in opposite directions.
The linear velocity of two gears be meshed both when transmission is identical, and the angular velocity of the latter depends on the velocity ratio of two gears, or perhaps the diameter ratio of two gears, and when the diameter of the two is identical, then the rotating speed connecting the rotating shaft of these two gears is consistent; When the diameter of driving gear is greater than the diameter of driven gear, the rotating speed of driven shaft can be less than the rotating speed of driving shaft; When the diameter of driving gear is less than the diameter of driven gear, the rotating speed of driven shaft can be greater than the rotating speed of driving shaft.This is the basic principle of speed changer and other transmission devices.
Refer to the first low speed gear, the first intermediate gear and the first high gear above respectively, its implication is lower-speed state by output speed final during the first low speed gear transferring power, being middling speed state by output speed final during the first intermediate gear transferring power, is fast state by output speed final during the first high gear transferring power.Therefore, for realizing above-mentioned effect, the diameter of the first low speed gear in the utility model, the first intermediate gear and the first high gear increases progressively successively.
Gearbox is also provided with second driving shaft, this second driving shaft is arranged with the second tooth cover, described second tooth puts the second low speed gear being provided with and can coordinating with described first low speed gear, described second tooth cover be provided with the second spring overlapping with the second tooth and be connected between second driving shaft, described gearbox is provided with the second electromagnet, can make described second spring-compressed after the energising of this second electromagnet.Second low speed gear of second driving shaft can engage with the first low speed gear of input shaft the transmission realizing power, and the linear velocity both during transmission is consistent, and therefore in gearbox, the two is adjacent and be arranged in parallel.
Gearbox is also provided with the 3rd transmission shaft, 3rd transmission shaft is arranged with the 3rd tooth cover, described 3rd tooth puts the second intermediate gear being provided with and can coordinating with described first intermediate gear and second high gear that can coordinate with the first high gear, described 3rd tooth cover be provided with the 3rd spring overlapping with the 3rd tooth and be connected between the 3rd transmission shaft, described gearbox is provided with the 3rd electromagnet, can make described 3rd spring-compressed after the 3rd electromagnet energising.Second intermediate gear of the 3rd transmission shaft can engage with the first intermediate gear of the first transmission shaft, the second high gear can engage with the first high gear of the first transmission shaft the transmission realizing power, and therefore in gearbox, the 3rd transmission shaft is adjacent with the first transmission shaft and be arranged in parallel.
In addition, second intermediate gear and the first intermediate gear, and second high gear and the first high gear can not be in engagement simultaneously, otherwise cannot transmission, the distance therefore in the utility model on the first transmission shaft between the first intermediate gear and the first high gear is less than the distance on the 3rd transmission shaft between the second intermediate gear and the second high gear.When the second intermediate gear engages with the first intermediate gear, the second high gear is separated with the first high gear, and equally, when the second high gear engages with the first high gear, the second intermediate gear is separated with the first intermediate gear.
Gearbox is also provided with the 4th transmission shaft, the third high speed gear that 4th transmission shaft is provided with the 3rd low speed gear that can coordinate with described second low speed gear, the 3rd intermediate gear that can coordinate with described second intermediate gear and can coordinates with described second high gear, described 4th transmission shaft is also provided with input gear.
The two ends of the 4th transmission shaft are all rotationally connected with gearbox, and four gears above it rotate simultaneously, and therefore the rotating speed of the 4th transmission shaft and the final output speed of this speed change gear have the most direct relation.Under speed change gear is in different conditions, respectively by the 3rd low speed gear, the 3rd intermediate gear or third high speed gear as driving gear, in this speed change gear power train process, second low speed gear, the second intermediate gear and the second high gear only play the transmission effect of power, can not have impact to the final rotating speed of speed change gear.The final output speed of this speed change gear depends on the diameter ratio of the diameter ratio of the diameter ratio of the 3rd low speed gear and the first low speed gear, the 3rd intermediate gear and the first intermediate gear and third high speed gear and the first high gear.
After the diameter of the position of input shaft and the 4th transmission shaft, the first low speed gear and the 3rd low speed gear is determined, the position of that second driving shaft and the diameter of the second low speed gear have also been determined and have been unique (depending on the distance between the first low speed gear and the 3rd low speed gear).The diameter ratio of the first low speed gear and the 3rd low speed gear can be designed according to demand during design.
After the diameter of the position of the first transmission shaft and the 4th transmission shaft, the first intermediate gear and the 3rd intermediate gear is determined, the position of that the 3rd transmission shaft and the diameter of the second intermediate gear have also been determined and have been unique (depending on the distance between the first intermediate gear and the 3rd intermediate gear).After now determining the diameter of the first high gear, the diameter of that the second high gear has then also been determined and has been unique (depending on the distance between the first high gear and the 3rd transmission shaft), and the distance so now between the second high gear and the 4th transmission shaft is also determined.
Artificer of the present utility model finds such problem when designing: if directly the distance between the second high gear and the 4th transmission shaft to be decided to be the radius of third high speed gear, so the diameter of the diameter ratio of the 3rd intermediate gear and the first intermediate gear and third high speed gear and the first high gear is than can very close, substantially middling speed and difference is not at a high speed seen when speed change gear works, if consider foozle, assembly error and other factors again, then these two data can be more close, cannot apply in practice.
For this reason, artificer has done such design: gearbox is also provided with intermediate propeller shaft, and this intermediate propeller shaft is provided with the intermediate drive gear with described third high speed gears meshing, and this intermediate drive gear can engage with described second high gear.Intermediate propeller shaft is between the 3rd transmission shaft and the 4th transmission shaft, and the intermediate drive gear above it is in the engagement with third high speed gear always.Now, can design the diameter of third high speed gear according to the actual requirements, the diameter of less third high speed gear makes the first high gear larger with the diameter of third high speed gear, enables this speed change gear obtain higher output speed.
Under the enlightenment of this design, also intermediate gear can be set at the 3rd intermediate gear and the second intermediate gear and the 3rd low speed gear and the second low speed gear, enable this speed change gear obtain more how different output speeds.
Gearbox is also provided with the 5th transmission shaft, the 5th transmission shaft is provided with the output gear engaged with described input gear, and one end of the 5th transmission shaft is connected with output shaft.Namely the rotating speed of the 5th transmission shaft is the final output speed of this speed change gear.The diameter of output gear and input gear is than also designing according to the actual requirements.
This speed change gear can obtain three kinds of different rotating speeds when practical application:
When described first spring is in compressive state and the second spring is in original state, described first is separated in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first low speed gear engages with the second low speed gear, the second low speed gear engages with the 3rd low speed gear.Now this speed change gear is lower-speed state, and the magnetic force of what the compression of the first spring was leaned on is the first electromagnet, the first electromagnet is by power supply unit supply of electrical energy.Now no matter the 3rd spring is in compressive state or original state, does not all affect the transmission of power.
When described first spring be in original state and the second spring be in compressive state and the 3rd spring is in original state time, described first engages in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first intermediate gear engages with the second intermediate gear, the second intermediate gear engages with the 3rd intermediate gear.Now this speed change gear is middling speed state.
When described first spring be in original state and the second spring be in compressive state and the 3rd spring is in compressive state time, described first engages in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first high gear engages with the second high gear, the second high gear engages with intermediate drive gear.Now this speed change gear is fast state.
When the first spring and the second spring are all in compressive state, first to be separated in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first low speed gear is separated with the second low speed gear, now no matter the 3rd spring is in compressive state or original state, and this speed change gear is all in neutral position state.Now motorless transmission.
First spring and second spring of this speed change gear can not be in original state simultaneously, otherwise this speed change gear is stuck, and power cannot transmit, and the serious drive unit that also may cause burns.
Preferably, the first low speed gear of speed change gear and other each gears are helical gear.
Preferably, input shaft separates with the first low speed gear to be made, and particularly: described input shaft is provided with spline, the inwall of the first low speed gear is provided with spline, and input shaft is connected with spline by spline with the first low speed gear.The benefit of such making is: save material, convenient processing, convenient coupling.
In order to make this speed change gear when transmission, second driving shaft and the 3rd transmission shaft are not in vacant state, and artificer has set up the first fixing frame in gearbox, and the first fixing frame is connected with second driving shaft and the 3rd drive axis.Such design can make second driving shaft and the more stable transmission power of the 3rd transmission shaft.Similarly, be also provided with the second fixing frame in gearbox, the two ends of the second fixing frame and intermediate propeller shaft are rotationally connected.
A kind of automobile, comprise above-mentioned speed change gear, the output shaft of its speed change gear is connected with the live axle of this automobile, and described live axle is connected with two driving wheels, and described automobile also comprises two followers.Power can be passed to driving wheel by this automobile in use speed change gear, and driving wheel can drive follower to rotate.Preferably, this driving wheel is the trailing wheel of this automobile, and follower is the front-wheel of automobile.Therefore, the automobile of this structural style is driven after being.The car of rear-guard pattern is a kind of comparatively common automobile, is generally applied to medium-to-high grade automobile, is also often applied to sport car.Because the speed change gear in this automobile is simple and light, therefore adopt this automobile of rear-guard pattern can play its premium properties better.
Further, live axle is connected with driving wheel by differential mechanism, enables this automobile realize basic turning work.Preferably, this differential mechanism is with differential lock.Differential lock is one of parts of outbalance on differential mechanism.The effect of differential lock is when a driving wheel skids, by differential carrier and half shaft locking integral, make differential mechanism lose differential action, all torsion torque can be transferred on opposite side driving wheel.
Preferably, artificer of the present utility model improves this automobile, self shifter can be realized: described automobile comprises velocity transducer, this velocity transducer is connected with the control system of automobile, and the first electromagnet of described speed change gear, the second electromagnet, the 3rd electromagnet and described control system are connected with the storage battery of this automobile respectively; Substantially all automobiles are all with speed sensor at present, and be generally positioned at the gearbox of automobile, the velocity transducer of this automobile in the utility model is positioned on the gearbox of speed change gear, the rotating speed of output shaft can be detected, and is transferred to control system.
When this vehicle starting, control system controls described first electromagnet and is connected with storage battery, disconnects the connection of the second electromagnet and storage battery simultaneously; Now this automobile is Low gear state, and under this state, automobile can obtain higher moment of torsion, makes automobile can start to walk smoothly, accelerate.
When velocity transducer senses that the speed of this automobile exceedes the First Speed preset in control system, control system disconnects the connection of the first electromagnet and storage battery, make the second electromagnet be connected with storage battery simultaneously, disconnect the connection of the 3rd electromagnet and storage battery simultaneously; Now this automobile is middle-grade state, and under this state, automobile can obtain higher rotating speed on the one hand, also has good moment of torsion on the other hand, facilitates follow-up further acceleration.
The First Speed preset can set according to actual conditions, generally can be set to 20-30 thousand ms/h, such as, be set to 20,000 ms/h, after the speed of a motor vehicle of this automobile exceedes this speed, the switching of gear can be realized by control system, become from low grade middle-grade.
When velocity transducer senses that the speed of this automobile exceedes the second speed preset in control system, control system disconnects the connection of the first electromagnet and storage battery, makes the second electromagnet be connected with storage battery simultaneously, makes the 3rd electromagnet be connected with storage battery simultaneously.Now this automobile is high-grade state, and under this state, automobile can obtain higher rotating speed, travels with making automobile energy high-speed smooth.
The second speed preset also can set according to actual conditions, generally can be set to 40-50 thousand ms/h, such as, be set to 40,000 ms/h, after the speed of a motor vehicle of this automobile exceedes this speed, the switching of gear can be realized by control system, become top grade from middle-grade.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the speed change gear that the utility model is obtained by above-mentioned design, when first is separated in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first low speed gear engages with the second low speed gear, the second low speed gear engages with the 3rd low speed gear for it, this speed change gear is in Low transmission state; Engage in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth when first, the first intermediate gear engages with the second intermediate gear, the second intermediate gear is when engaging with the 3rd intermediate gear, this speed change gear is in middling speed drive state; Engage in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth when first, when the first high gear engages with the second high gear, the second high gear engages with intermediate drive gear, this speed change gear is in high-speed drive state.Therefore, this speed change gear has three-step gear shift function, and its internal structure is simple, very practical, reduces the cost of speed change gear to a great extent, further reduces the weight of the equipment using this speed change gear, reduces energy consumption.
Apply the automobile of this speed change gear, not only there is three-step gear shift function, and realize automatic speed changing by the control system of automobile, decrease the operation of driver by a relatively large margin, make the more convenient use of this automobile, this automobile energy consumption is lower simultaneously, meets the demand of current national and society.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the axonometric drawing of the input shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Fig. 2 is the side view of the input shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the first low speed gear of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Fig. 4 is the plan view of the first transmission shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Fig. 5 is the plan view of the input shaft with the first low speed gear of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Fig. 6 is the plan view that the input shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides coordinates with the first transmission shaft;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view that the input shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides coordinates with the first transmission shaft;
Fig. 8 is the axonometric drawing that the input shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides coordinates with the first transmission shaft;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the second driving shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the 3rd transmission shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the 4th transmission shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the intermediate propeller shaft of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Figure 13 is the structural representation under middling speed state of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Figure 14 is the structural representation at high speeds of the speed change gear that the utility model first embodiment provides;
Figure 15 be the speed change gear that provides of the utility model first embodiment from structural representation when becoming at a high speed low speed;
Figure 16 be the speed change gear that provides of the utility model first embodiment become low speed from middling speed time structural representation;
Figure 17 be the speed change gear that provides of the utility model first embodiment from a high speed or low speed becomes neutral time structural representation;
Figure 18 be the speed change gear that provides of the utility model first embodiment become neutral from middling speed or low speed time structural representation;
Figure 19 is the structural representation of the automobile that the utility model second embodiment provides.
Figure acceptance of the bid note is respectively:
Gearbox 101; Input shaft 102; Drive unit 103; First in conjunction with tooth 104; First low speed gear 105; First transmission shaft 106; First tooth cover 107; First intermediate gear 108; First high gear 109; Second in conjunction with tooth 110; First spring 111; First electromagnet 112; Second driving shaft 113; Second tooth cover 114; Second low speed gear 115; 3rd transmission shaft 116; 3rd tooth cover 117; Second intermediate gear 118; Second high gear 119; 4th transmission shaft 120; 3rd low speed gear 121; 3rd intermediate gear 122; Third high speed gear 123; Input gear 124; Intermediate propeller shaft 125; Intermediate drive gear 126; 5th transmission shaft 127; Output gear 128; Output shaft 129; Spline 130; First fixing frame 131; Second fixing frame 132; Second electromagnet 133; 3rd electromagnet 134;
Live axle 201; Driving wheel 202; Follower 203; Differential mechanism 204.
Embodiment
Automobile is the significant product of Development of Human Civilization, and institute of Ye Shi modern society must one of obligato instrument.The speed change gear of automobile is one of most important most crucial device in each automobile, automobile needs the different speed of a motor vehicle under different travelling state, traditional manual-gear vehicle is by driver according to automobile running situation manual shift, and this process is cumbersome, more difficult operation.And traditional speed change gear complex structure, component are more, and cost is higher, and weight is comparatively large, adds the energy consumption of the automobile using this speed change gear, further increases cost, inadequate energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Given this, artificer of the present utility model is by long-term exploration and trial, and experiment repeatedly and effort, and constantly reform and innovate, have devised a kind of speed change gear and automobile, this speed change gear structure is simple, and cost is lower, and gearshift is convenient; The auto cost employing this speed change gear is lower, and gearshift is convenient, economical and practical, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
For making the object of the utility model embodiment, technological scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, technological scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the utility model part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
First embodiment, refers to Fig. 1-18
The speed change gear that the present embodiment provides, comprises gearbox 101, and this gearbox 101 is provided with input shaft 102, and one end of this input shaft 102 is connected with drive unit 103, and the other end is provided with first in conjunction with tooth 104, and input shaft 102 is provided with the first low speed gear 105; If the application of this speed change gear in the car, drive unit 103 so herein can be the motor driven by storage battery, or the motor of non-combusted fuels or other energy, if this speed change gear is applied in other equipment, drive unit 103 so herein can also be water pump, oil pressure pump or air pump etc.
Gearbox 101 is also provided with the first transmission shaft 106, left end (left side herein refers to the left-hand of Figure 13) and the gearbox 101 of the first transmission shaft 106 are rotationally connected, this first transmission shaft 106 is arranged with the first tooth cover 107, described first tooth cover 107 is provided with the first intermediate gear 108 and the first high gear 109, first tooth cover 107 to be provided with near one end of input shaft 102 with first in conjunction with tooth 104 mate second in conjunction with tooth 110, described first tooth cover 107 overlaps 107 the first springs 111 be connected with the first tooth with being provided with between the first transmission shaft 106, described gearbox 101 is provided with the first electromagnet 112.Second of first tooth cover 107 can engage in conjunction with tooth 104 transmission realizing power with first of input shaft 102 in conjunction with tooth 110, and be coaxial rotation both when transmission, rotating speed is consistent, and therefore the two is arranged in speed changer respectively in opposite directions.
When the first spring 111 is positioned at original state, second of the first tooth cover 107 engages in conjunction with tooth 104 with first of input shaft 102 in conjunction with tooth 110; Described first spring 111 can be made to compress after the first electromagnet 112 is energized, drive the first tooth cover 107 to be moved to the left, make second to be separated in conjunction with tooth 104 with first in conjunction with tooth 110.
The linear velocity of two gears be meshed both when transmission is identical, and the angular velocity of the latter depends on the velocity ratio of two gears, or perhaps the diameter ratio of two gears, and when the diameter of the two is identical, then the rotating speed connecting the rotating shaft of these two gears is consistent; When the diameter of driving gear is greater than the diameter of driven gear, the rotating speed of driven shaft can be greater than the rotating speed of driving shaft; When the diameter of driving gear is less than the diameter of driven gear, the rotating speed of driven shaft can be less than the rotating speed of driving shaft.This is the basic principle of speed changer and other transmission devices.
For the present embodiment, refer to the first low speed gear 105, first intermediate gear 108 and the first high gear 109 above respectively, its implication is lower-speed state by the output speed that this transmission device during the first low speed gear 105 transferring power is final, being middling speed state by output speed final during the first intermediate gear 108 transferring power, is fast state by output speed final during the first high gear 109 transferring power.Therefore, for realizing above-mentioned effect, the first low speed gear 105, first intermediate gear 108 in the utility model and the diameter of the first high gear 109 increase progressively successively.
Gearbox 101 is also provided with second driving shaft 113, right-hand member and the gearbox 101 of second driving shaft 113 are rotationally connected, this second driving shaft 113 is arranged with the second tooth cover 114, described second tooth cover 114 is provided with second low speed gear 115 that can coordinate with described first low speed gear 105, the second spring is provided with between described second tooth cover 114 and second driving shaft 113, described gearbox 101 is provided with the second electromagnet 133, can make described second spring-compressed after the energising of this second electromagnet 133.
When the second spring is positioned at initial position, the second low speed gear 115 engages with the first low speed gear 105; The second spring-compressed can be made after the second electromagnet 133 is energized, drives the second tooth cover 114 to move right, the second low speed gear 115 is separated with the first low speed gear 105.
Second low speed gear 115 of second driving shaft 113 can engage with the first low speed gear 105 of input shaft 102 transmission realizing power, and the linear velocity both during transmission is consistent, adjacent and be arranged in parallel both therefore gearbox 101 in.
Gearbox 101 is also provided with the 3rd transmission shaft 116, left end and the gearbox 101 of the 3rd transmission shaft 116 are rotationally connected, 3rd transmission shaft 116 is arranged with the 3rd tooth cover 117, described 3rd tooth cover 117 is provided with second intermediate gear 118 that can coordinate with described first intermediate gear 108 and second high gear 119 that can coordinate with the first high gear 109, the 3rd spring is provided with between described 3rd tooth cover 117 and the 3rd transmission shaft 116, described gearbox 101 can make described 3rd spring-compressed after being provided with the 3rd electromagnet the 134, three electromagnet 134 energising.
When the 3rd spring is positioned at initial position, the second intermediate gear 118 engages with the first intermediate gear 108, and the first high gear 109 is separated with the second high gear 119; Can make the 3rd spring-compressed after the 3rd electromagnet 134 is energized, drive the 3rd tooth cover 117 to be moved to the left, the second intermediate gear 118 is separated with the first intermediate gear 108, and the first high gear 109 engages with the second high gear 119.
Second intermediate gear 118 of the 3rd transmission shaft 116 can engage with the first intermediate gear 108 of the first transmission shaft 106, the second high gear 119 can engage with the first high gear 109 of the first transmission shaft 106 transmission realizing power, and therefore in gearbox 101, the 3rd transmission shaft 116 is adjacent with the first transmission shaft 106 and be arranged in parallel.
In addition, second intermediate gear 118 and the first intermediate gear 108, and second high gear 119 and the first high gear 109 can not be in engagement simultaneously, otherwise cannot transmission, the distance therefore in the present embodiment on the first transmission shaft 106 between first intermediate gear 108 and the first high gear 109 is less than the distance on the 3rd transmission shaft 116 between second intermediate gear 118 and the second high gear 119.When the second intermediate gear 118 engages with the first intermediate gear 108, second high gear 119 is separated with the first high gear 109, equally, when the second high gear 119 engages with the first high gear 109, the second intermediate gear 118 is separated with the first intermediate gear 108.
Gearbox 101 is also provided with the 4th transmission shaft 120, the third high speed gear 123 that 4th transmission shaft 120 is provided with the 3rd low speed gear 121 that can coordinate with described second low speed gear 115, the 3rd intermediate gear 122 that can coordinate with described second intermediate gear 118 and can coordinates with described second high gear 119, described 4th transmission shaft 120 is also provided with input gear 124.
The two ends of the 4th transmission shaft 120 are all rotationally connected with gearbox 101, and four gears above it rotate simultaneously, and therefore the rotating speed of the 4th transmission shaft 120 and the final output speed of this speed change gear have the most direct relation.Under speed change gear is in different conditions, respectively by the 3rd low speed gear 121, the 3rd intermediate gear 122 or third high speed gear 123 as driving gear, in this speed change gear power train process, second low speed gear 115, second intermediate gear 118 and the second high gear 119 only play the transmission effect of power, can not have impact to the final rotating speed of speed change gear.Therefore the final output speed of this speed change gear depends on the diameter ratio of the diameter ratio of the 3rd low speed gear 121 and the first low speed gear 105, the 3rd intermediate gear 122 and the first intermediate gear 108 and the diameter ratio of third high speed gear 123 and the first high gear 109.
After the diameter of the position of input shaft 102 and the 4th transmission shaft 120, the first low speed gear 105 and the 3rd low speed gear 121 is determined, the position of that second driving shaft 113 and the diameter of the second low speed gear 115 have also been determined and have been unique (depending on the distance between the first low speed gear 105 and the 3rd low speed gear 121).The diameter ratio of the first low speed gear 105 and the 3rd low speed gear 121 can be designed according to demand during design.
After the diameter of the position of the first transmission shaft 106 and the 4th transmission shaft 120, the first intermediate gear 108 and the 3rd intermediate gear 122 is determined, the position of that the 3rd transmission shaft 116 and the diameter of the second intermediate gear 118 have also been determined and have been unique (depending on the distance between the first intermediate gear 108 and the 3rd intermediate gear 122).After now determining the diameter of the first high gear 109, the diameter of that the second high gear 119 has then also been determined and has been unique (depending on the distance between the first high gear 109 and the 3rd transmission shaft 116), and the distance so now between the second high gear 119 and the 4th transmission shaft 120 is also determined.
Artificer of the present utility model finds such problem when designing: if directly the distance between the second high gear 119 and the 4th transmission shaft 120 to be decided to be the radius of third high speed gear 123, so the diameter of the diameter ratio of the 3rd intermediate gear 122 and the first intermediate gear 108 and third high speed gear 123 and the first high gear 109 is than can very close, substantially middling speed and difference is not at a high speed seen when speed change gear works, if consider foozle again, assembly error and other factors, then these two data can be more close, cannot apply in practice.
For this reason, artificer has done such design: gearbox 101 is also provided with intermediate propeller shaft 125, this intermediate propeller shaft 125 is provided with the intermediate drive gear 126 engaged with described third high speed gear 123, and this intermediate drive gear 126 can engage with described second high gear 119.Intermediate propeller shaft 125 is between the 3rd transmission shaft 116 and the 4th transmission shaft 120, and the intermediate drive gear 126 on intermediate propeller shaft 125 is in the engagement with third high speed gear 123 always.Now, can design the diameter of third high speed gear 123 according to the actual requirements, the diameter of less third high speed gear 123 makes the first high gear 109 larger with the diameter of third high speed gear 123, enables this speed change gear obtain higher output speed.
Under the enlightenment of this design, also intermediate gear can be set at the 3rd intermediate gear 122 and the second intermediate gear 118 and the 3rd low speed gear 121 and the second low speed gear 115, enable this speed change gear obtain more how different output speeds.
Preferably, the diameter of the 3rd low speed gear 121, the 3rd intermediate gear 122 and third high speed gear 123 successively decreases successively.
Gearbox 101 is also provided with one end that the 5th transmission shaft the 127, five transmission shaft 127 is provided with output gear the 128, five transmission shaft 127 engaged with described input gear 124 and is connected with output shaft 129.Namely the rotating speed of the 5th transmission shaft 127 is the final output speed of this speed change gear.The diameter of output gear 128 and input gear 124 is than also designing according to the actual requirements.
This speed change gear can obtain three kinds of different rotating speeds when practical application:
When described first spring 111 is in compressive state and the second spring is in original state, described first is separated in conjunction with tooth 110 with second in conjunction with tooth 104, the first low speed gear 105 engages with the second low speed gear 115, the second low speed gear 115 engages with the 3rd low speed gear 121.Now this speed change gear is lower-speed state, and the magnetic force of what the compression of the first spring 111 was leaned on is the first electromagnet 112, the first electromagnet 112 is by power supply unit supply of electrical energy.Now no matter the 3rd spring is in compressive state or original state, does not all affect the transmission of power.
When described first spring 111 be in original state and the second spring be in compressive state and the 3rd spring is in original state time, described first engages in conjunction with tooth 110 with second in conjunction with tooth 104, the first intermediate gear 108 engages with the second intermediate gear 118, the second intermediate gear 118 engages with the 3rd intermediate gear 122.Now this speed change gear is middling speed state.
When described first spring 111 be in original state and the second spring be in compressive state and the 3rd spring is in compressive state time, described first engages in conjunction with tooth 110 with second in conjunction with tooth 104, the first high gear 109 engages with the second high gear 119, the second high gear 119 engages with intermediate drive gear 126.Now this speed change gear is fast state.
When the first spring 111 and the second spring are all in compressive state, first to be separated in conjunction with tooth 110 with second in conjunction with tooth 104, the first low speed gear 105 is separated with the second low speed gear 115, now no matter the 3rd spring is in compressive state or original state, and this speed change gear is all in neutral position state.Now motorless transmission.
First spring 111 of this speed change gear and the second spring can not be in original state simultaneously, otherwise this speed change gear is stuck, and power cannot transmit, and the serious drive unit 103 that also may cause burns.
The basic structure of the speed change gear that foregoing and the present embodiment provide and working principle.
Preferably, the first low speed gear 105 of speed change gear and other each gears are helical gear.Common spur gear is when engagement driving, and each gear teeth enter engagement along the facewidth simultaneously, thus can produce impact shock noise when transmission, and transmission is simultaneously not steady.The features such as helical gear transmission is better than spur gear, and it has, and volume is little, lightweight, transmitting torque large, start steadily, noise is low, velocity ratio classification is meticulous.
Preferably, input shaft 102 separates with the first low speed gear 105 to be made, particularly: described input shaft 102 is provided with spline 130, the inwall of the first low speed gear 105 is provided with spline, and input shaft 102 is connected by spline 130 and spline with the first low speed gear 105.The benefit of such making is: save material, and the tailing produced when the input shaft 102 separately made and the first low speed gear 105 make is less, and cost is lower; Convenient processing, the preparation process of the two is different, and work flow is different, and separately making can improve work efficiency; Convenient coupling, same model input shaft 102 can mate the first low speed gear 105 of multiple different-diameter.
In order to make this speed change gear when transmission, second driving shaft 113 and the 3rd transmission shaft 116 are not in vacant state, artificer has set up the first fixing frame 131, first fixing frame 131 and has been rotationally connected with second driving shaft 113 and the 3rd transmission shaft 116 in gearbox 101.Such design can make second driving shaft 113 and the more stable transmission power of the 3rd transmission shaft 116.Similarly, be also provided with the second fixing frame 132, second fixing frame 132 in gearbox 101 to be rotationally connected with the two ends of intermediate propeller shaft 125.
The present embodiment can realize the conversion of low-medium-high level quickly and easily by the speed change gear that above-mentioned design obtains, its structure compared to existing technology in speed change gear very simple, significantly saved fabricating cost.
Second embodiment, refers to Figure 19
The automobile that the present embodiment provides, it comprises the speed change gear of the first embodiment, and the basic structure of this speed change gear is identical with the first embodiment with the technique effect of principle and generation, is concise and to the point description, the not mentioned part of the present embodiment part, can with reference to corresponding contents in the first embodiment.
This automobile comprising above-mentioned speed change gear, the output shaft 129 of its speed change gear is connected with the live axle 201 of this automobile, and described live axle 201 is connected with two driving wheels 202, and described automobile also comprises two followers 203.Power can be passed to driving wheel 202 by this automobile in use speed change gear, and driving wheel 202 can drive follower 203 to rotate.Preferably, this driving wheel 202 is the trailing wheel of this automobile, and follower 203 is the front-wheel of automobile.Therefore, the automobile of this structural style is driven after being.
The car of rear-guard pattern is a kind of comparatively common automobile, is generally applied to medium-to-high grade automobile, is also often applied to sport car.Speed change gear in this automobile is simple and light, therefore adopts this automobile of rear-guard pattern can play its premium properties better.
Further, live axle 201 is connected with driving wheel 202 by differential mechanism 204, enables this automobile realize basic turning work.
Preferably, this differential mechanism 204 is with differential lock.Differential lock is one of parts of outbalance on differential mechanism 204.The effect of differential lock is when a driving wheel skids, by differential mechanism 204 shell and half shaft locking integral, make differential mechanism 204 lose differential action, all torsion torque can be transferred on opposite side driving wheel.
Preferably, artificer of the present utility model improves this automobile, self shifter can be realized: described automobile comprises velocity transducer, this velocity transducer is connected with the control system of automobile, and the first electromagnet 112, second electromagnet 133 of described speed change gear, the 3rd electromagnet 134 and described control system are connected with the storage battery of this automobile respectively; Substantially all automobiles are all with speed sensor at present, generally be positioned at the gearbox 101 of automobile, the velocity transducer of this automobile in the utility model is positioned on the gearbox 101 of speed change gear, the rotating speed of output shaft 129 can be detected, and is transferred to control system.
When this vehicle starting, control system controls described first electromagnet 112 and is connected with storage battery, disconnects the connection of the second electromagnet 133 and storage battery simultaneously; Now this automobile is Low gear state, and under this state, automobile can obtain higher moment of torsion, makes automobile can start to walk smoothly, accelerate.
When velocity transducer senses that the speed of this automobile exceedes the First Speed preset in control system, control system disconnects the connection of the first electromagnet 112 and storage battery, make the second electromagnet 133 be connected with storage battery simultaneously, disconnect the connection of the 3rd electromagnet 134 and storage battery simultaneously; Now this automobile is middle-grade state, and under this state, automobile can obtain higher rotating speed on the one hand, also has good moment of torsion on the other hand, facilitates follow-up further acceleration.
The First Speed preset can set according to actual conditions, generally can be set to 20-30 thousand ms/h, such as, be set to 20,000 ms/h, after the speed of a motor vehicle of this automobile exceedes this speed, the switching of gear can be realized by control system, become from low grade middle-grade.
When velocity transducer senses that the speed of this automobile exceedes the second speed preset in control system, control system disconnects the connection of the first electromagnet 112 and storage battery, make the second electromagnet 133 be connected with storage battery simultaneously, make the 3rd electromagnet 134 be connected with storage battery simultaneously.Now this automobile is high-grade state, and under this state, automobile can obtain higher rotating speed, travels with making automobile energy high-speed smooth.
The second speed preset also can set according to actual conditions, generally can be set to 40-50 thousand ms/h, such as, be set to 40,000 ms/h, after the speed of a motor vehicle of this automobile exceedes this speed, the switching of gear can be realized by control system, become top grade from middle-grade.
Similarly, also can need during automobile running to slow down, by brake and the clutch realization deceleration of automobile, also can set up control program in control system: when the speed of a motor vehicle from higher than preset second speed become lower than preset second speed and higher than preset First Speed, control system controls this automobile and becomes middle-grade state; When the speed of a motor vehicle from lower than preset second speed and higher than preset First Speed become lower than preset First Speed time, control system controls this automobile and becomes Low gear state.Such design can make the more convenient driving of this automobile.
The automobile that the present embodiment provides is not only simply light, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and can realize automatic gear change function, therefore very convenient practicality.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a speed change gear, is characterized in that, comprises gearbox, and this gearbox is provided with:
Input shaft, one end of this input shaft is connected with drive unit, and the other end is provided with first in conjunction with tooth, and input shaft is provided with the first low speed gear;
First transmission shaft, this first transmission shaft is arranged with the first tooth cover, described first tooth puts and is provided with the first intermediate gear and the first high gear, first tooth cover be provided with near one end of input shaft with first in conjunction with tooth mate second in conjunction with tooth, described first tooth cover be provided with the first spring overlapping with the first tooth and be connected between the first transmission shaft, described gearbox is provided with the first electromagnet, can make described first spring-compressed after the energising of this first electromagnet;
Second driving shaft, this second driving shaft is arranged with the second tooth cover, described second tooth puts the second low speed gear being provided with and can coordinating with described first low speed gear, described second tooth cover be provided with the second spring overlapping with the second tooth and be connected between second driving shaft, described gearbox is provided with the second electromagnet, can make described second spring-compressed after the energising of this second electromagnet;
3rd transmission shaft, 3rd transmission shaft is arranged with the 3rd tooth cover, described 3rd tooth puts the second intermediate gear being provided with and can coordinating with described first intermediate gear and second high gear that can coordinate with the first high gear, described 3rd tooth cover be provided with the 3rd spring overlapping with the 3rd tooth and be connected between the 3rd transmission shaft, described gearbox is provided with the 3rd electromagnet, can make described 3rd spring-compressed after the 3rd electromagnet energising;
4th transmission shaft, the third high speed gear that 4th transmission shaft is provided with the 3rd low speed gear that can coordinate with described second low speed gear, the 3rd intermediate gear that can coordinate with described second intermediate gear and can coordinates with described second high gear, described 4th transmission shaft is also provided with input gear;
Intermediate propeller shaft, this intermediate propeller shaft is provided with the intermediate drive gear with described third high speed gears meshing, and this intermediate drive gear can engage with described second high gear;
5th transmission shaft, the 5th transmission shaft is provided with the output gear engaged with described input gear, and one end of the 5th transmission shaft is connected with output shaft;
When described first spring is in compressive state and the second spring is in original state, described first is separated in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first low speed gear engages with the second low speed gear, the second low speed gear engages with the 3rd low speed gear;
When described first spring be in original state and the second spring be in compressive state and the 3rd spring is in original state time, described first engages in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first intermediate gear engages with the second intermediate gear, the second intermediate gear engages with the 3rd intermediate gear;
When described first spring be in original state and the second spring be in compressive state and the 3rd spring is in compressive state time, described first engages in conjunction with tooth with second in conjunction with tooth, the first high gear engages with the second high gear, the second high gear engages with intermediate drive gear.
2. speed change gear according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described drive unit is motor or motor.
3. speed change gear according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first low speed gear is helical gear.
4. speed change gear according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described input shaft is provided with spline, and the inwall of the first low speed gear is provided with spline, and input shaft is connected with spline by spline with the first low speed gear.
5. speed change gear according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with the first fixing frame be simultaneously connected with second driving shaft and the 3rd drive axis in described gearbox, and the second fixing frame be rotationally connected with the two ends of intermediate propeller shaft.
6. an automobile, is characterized in that, comprises the speed change gear described in any one of claim 1-5, and the output shaft of this speed change gear is connected with the live axle of this automobile, and described live axle is connected with two driving wheels, and described automobile also comprises two followers.
7. automobile according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described automobile comprises velocity transducer, this velocity transducer is connected with the control system of automobile, and the first electromagnet of described speed change gear, the second electromagnet, the 3rd electromagnet and described control system are connected with the storage battery of this automobile respectively.
8. automobile according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described live axle is connected with driving wheel by differential mechanism.
9. automobile according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described differential mechanism is with differential lock.
10. automobile according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described driving wheel is the trailing wheel of this automobile.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520012049.9U CN204372068U (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2015-01-08 | A kind of speed change gear and automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520012049.9U CN204372068U (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2015-01-08 | A kind of speed change gear and automobile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204372068U true CN204372068U (en) | 2015-06-03 |
Family
ID=53328290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520012049.9U Withdrawn - After Issue CN204372068U (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2015-01-08 | A kind of speed change gear and automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN204372068U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104534035A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-22 | 江西东江机电有限公司 | Speed changing device and automobile |
| CN112425342A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 苏州雅琪新精密机械有限公司 | Rotation shaft assembly of mowing vehicle |
-
2015
- 2015-01-08 CN CN201520012049.9U patent/CN204372068U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104534035A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-22 | 江西东江机电有限公司 | Speed changing device and automobile |
| CN104534035B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2017-03-22 | 江西东江机电有限公司 | Speed changing device and automobile |
| CN112425342A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 苏州雅琪新精密机械有限公司 | Rotation shaft assembly of mowing vehicle |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104696457B (en) | The transmission system of hybrid electric vehicle | |
| CN203739605U (en) | Battery electric vehicle and two-motor driving system thereof | |
| CN109017265B (en) | Multimode coupling four-wheel drive system of hybrid electric vehicle | |
| CN205130908U (en) | Hybrid vehicle keeps off with three and thoughtlessly moves derailleur | |
| CN203780640U (en) | Walking assembly of caterpillar vehicle | |
| CN202992046U (en) | Electric vehicle two-gear manual variable speed driving system | |
| CN106274461B (en) | Variable speed drive bridge system | |
| CN204372068U (en) | A kind of speed change gear and automobile | |
| CN204327884U (en) | Electric vehicle automatic transmission case | |
| CN103538468A (en) | Tracked vehicle electric transmission device provided with gearboxes on two sides | |
| CN109866594A (en) | A kind of double-motor hybrid driving device | |
| CN103640471A (en) | Side gearbox with two forward gears and two reverse gears and corresponding electric transmission device | |
| CN108869736A (en) | Shifting vehicle gearbox axis elliptic wheel profile art chute designs method | |
| CN109866598A (en) | A kind of mixed dynamic power drive unit of automobile | |
| CN104389961A (en) | Automatic transmission for electric automobile | |
| CN201963834U (en) | High-power transmission continuously variable transmission (CVT) | |
| CN205956338U (en) | Three separation and reunions no. 3 keep off automatic gearbox | |
| CN104534035A (en) | Speed changing device and automobile | |
| CN103072479A (en) | Four-wheel drive differential mechanism and automobile applying same | |
| CN205956365U (en) | Stepless clutch of gasoline engine driven CVT and commutator assembly | |
| CN102635677A (en) | Traction drive continuously variable transmission | |
| CN202646607U (en) | Driven wheel of automobile main reducer | |
| CN202756548U (en) | Electric vehicle manual variable speed drive assembly | |
| CN2601886Y (en) | Driver bridge speed-transformation device for electric vehicle | |
| CN203322213U (en) | Assembly with double-power-input structure |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20150603 Effective date of abandoning: 20171114 |