CN204371102U - Laser drill head and laser drilling appliance - Google Patents
Laser drill head and laser drilling appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN204371102U CN204371102U CN201420791173.5U CN201420791173U CN204371102U CN 204371102 U CN204371102 U CN 204371102U CN 201420791173 U CN201420791173 U CN 201420791173U CN 204371102 U CN204371102 U CN 204371102U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of laser drill head and laser drilling appliance, described laser drill head comprises drill body (3), containing camera (8) and multiple laser head (1) in drill body (3), also containing can the adjusting bracket (7) of dollying head (8) and/or laser head (1) in drill body (3), the head of drill body (3) contains the through hole corresponding with camera (8) and laser head (1).Laser drilling appliance containing this laser drill head is provided with down-hole night vision system and aboveground control system, it is low that this well drilling and rock crushing method solves hard rock stratum drilling efficiency, and down-hole can not the problem such as real-time monitored, substantially increases efficiency of breaking rock, decrease the loss of drilling tool, save cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to drilling engineering field, specifically a kind of laser drill head, or a kind of laser drilling appliance containing this laser drill head.
Background technology
Enter 21 century, the demand of development to petroleum resources that be economic and society increases further, and production of hydrocarbons is subject to the severe challenge that standby reserves wretched insufficiency constantly increases with exploitation difficulty.Because oil-gas exploration and development is constantly to deep formation development, complex geologic conditions, stratum bury deeply, Compacted rock, hardness are high and abrasiveness strong, and cause rate of penetration low, drilling period is long, and cost remains high.Therefore, improving drilling efficiency, shortening drilling period, improve drilling benefit is that current drilling engineering circle is endeavoured to solve and the great scientific research task studied, and has become the strategic task concerning sustainable development of drilling engineering field face.
Drilling engineering is the engineering that in Reservoir Development, investment is large, risk is high, and its expense accounts for more than 50% of cost of exploration & development.Efficiency of breaking rock directly decides bit speed and cost, more decides the economic benefit of drilling engineering.To be mainly reflected in required energy density low for the advantage of laser assisted machinery drilling technology, and laser fracturing rock provides advantage for subsequent mechanical drilling well.Utilizing the advantages such as laser energy is high, monochromaticjty, high directivity, breaking up hard rock in deep-well, is auxiliary important channel of improving mechanical rotary drilling speed.Therefore, efficient rock-breaking drilling technology is studied imperative.
Phillips Petroleum Co of the U.S. creeps into experiment with the evaluation laser instrument that U.S. army's MIRACL laser instrument is done and shows, scooter 50m/h-60m/h is bored in laser beam equivalence, and creep in the horizontal direction through the direction of concave mirror change MIRACL laser optical, equivalence drilling speed reaches 137.16m/h, use laser perforation, perforating depth can reach 61m.
The sixties in 20th century, China just started the research of laser technology, though do not succeed, have accumulated rich experiences.1998, Chinese Academy of Sciences's ultrashort pulse high power laser light technical research achieved huge progress, for the application of laser technology in oil drilling lays the foundation.
Though the domestic research had laser drill field in recent years, the power and bit but all not realizing controlling separately each laser head moves, can not realize different according to down-hole situation and adjust laser defocusing amount, to reach the object of best efficiency of breaking rock, efficiency of breaking rock improves not obvious, and cannot monitor in real time down-hole situation, this is New well drilling technology urgent problem.
Utility model content
In order to solve the low problem of laser drill head efficiency of breaking rock, the utility model provides a kind of laser drill head and laser drilling appliance, laser drilling appliance containing this laser drill head is provided with down-hole night vision system and aboveground control system, it is low that this well drilling and rock crushing method solves hard rock stratum drilling efficiency, down-hole can not the problem such as real-time monitored, substantially increase efficiency of breaking rock, decrease the loss of drilling tool, save cost.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: a kind of laser drill head, comprise drill body, containing camera and multiple laser head in drill body, also containing can the adjusting bracket of dollying head and/or laser head in drill body, the head of drill body contains the through hole corresponding with camera and laser head.
Drill body is PDC drill bit, containing multiple cutting teeth on the described head of drill body, is equipped with at least one laser head between every two adjacent described cutting teeths.
The hollow part of laser head between two described cutting teeths, the transmit direction of laser head is parallel to the axis direction of drill body.
Laser head is connected with adjusting bracket by connecting rod, and adjusting bracket can move back and forth along the axis direction of drill body by driving laser head.
Camera is positioned on the axis of drill body, and adjusting bracket can drive camera to move back and forth along the axis direction of drill body.
Camera is the night vision cam for taking described laser drill head drilling direction.
In drill body, containing the lens cap for the protection of camera and the shutter for the protection of laser head in described through hole.
A kind of laser drilling appliance, comprise drilling rod, above-mentioned laser drill head is contained in the lower end of drilling rod, described laser drilling appliance also comprises Laser control unit, display screen and adjusting bracket control unit, Laser control unit is connected with laser head by optical cable, display screen is connected with camera by signal transmssion line, and adjusting bracket control unit is connected with adjusting bracket by control line.
Laser control unit can be independent the operation of each laser head of control.
A kind of laser drilling appliance well drilling and rock crushing method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the laser drill head entering above-mentioned laser drilling appliance under in well;
Step 2: make drilling rod drive drill body to creep into, carry out step 3 when creeping into and being obstructed, otherwise drill body continues to creep into until desired depth;
Step 3: drill body shuts down, camera starts, according to the irradiation time of morphology selection laser head of the rock of display screen display, laser distribution density, power and defocusing amount, by the defocusing amount of adjusting bracket control unit adjustment laser head, Laser control unit controls the surface of laser head according to selected irradiation time, laser distribution density and power emission laser beam irradiation rock, only change the thermal field of rock surface and stress field and the surface of rock is cracked, laser head gets back to initial position, is back to step 2.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are,
1, adopt the mode of laser irradiation rock to weaken the intensity of rock, decrease the loss of drilling tool, improve brokenly the efficiency of rock.
2, creep into continuously to target zone from earth's surface, remove from and remove drill string, more bit change, salvaging bit freezing pipeline section, cemented construction used time, and in drilling process, form firm ceramic layer at the borehole wall, thus eliminate the time of lower metal sleeve.
3, earth's surface is connected with signal transmssion line to shaft bottom by optical cable, and down-hole night vision cam or other form sensor therefore can be used quickly and accurately shaft bottom information to be passed to ground.
4, due to the existence of the ceramic borehole wall, borehole fluid can not infiltrate formation contaminant surrounding environment or water source, and the ceramic layer borehole wall of formation hinders formation fluid and flow in well, prevent to some extent blowout.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Figure of description forming a application's part is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and schematic description and description of the present utility model, for explaining the utility model, is not formed improper restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of laser drill head.
Fig. 2 is the using state schematic diagram of laser drilling appliance.
Reference numeral in figure: 1. laser head, 2. connecting rod, 3. drill body, 4. optical cable, 5. signal transmssion line, 6. control line, 7. adjusting bracket, 8. camera, 9. lens cap, 10. shutter, 11. adjusting bracket control units, 12. display screens, 13. Laser control unit, 14. drilling rods, 15. rocks.
Detailed description of the invention
It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and describe the utility model in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.
A kind of laser drill head, comprise drill body 3, containing camera 8 and multiple laser head 1 in drill body 3, also containing can the adjusting bracket 7 of dollying head 8 and/or laser head 1 in drill body 3, the head of drill body 3 contains the through hole corresponding with camera 8 and laser head 1, as shown in Figure 1.
Containing installing cavity in drill body 3, adjusting bracket 7 is arranged in this installation cavity, and adjusting bracket 7 contacts with drill body 3 inwall.After adjusting bracket 7 is set, adjusting bracket 7 can drive camera 8 and laser head 1 to move back and forth along the axis direction (drilling direction of drill body 3) of drill body 3, regulate the focal length of camera 8 and the defocusing amount of laser head 1, thus it is low for drilling efficiency during hard rock stratum to solve existing drill bit, down-hole can not the problem such as real-time monitored.Substantially increase efficiency of breaking rock, decrease the loss of drilling tool, save cost.
Drill body 3 is PDC drill bit, the described head (lower end in Fig. 1) of drill body 3 is upper containing 6 cutting teeths, at least one laser head 1 is equipped with between every two adjacent described cutting teeths, in the present embodiment, a laser head 1 is equipped with between every two adjacent described cutting teeths, the laser head 1 of this laser drill head altogether containing 6 columns, 6 laser heads 1 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of drill body 3, the upper end of laser head 1 is arranged in described installation cavity, and the lower end of laser head 1 is plugged in described corresponding with laser head 1 through hole.
Concrete, the hollow part of laser head 1 between two described cutting teeths, the transmit direction of laser head 1 is parallel to the axis direction of drill body 3, and namely laser head 1 can irradiate towards the drilling direction of drill body 3.Laser head 1 is fixedly connected with adjusting bracket 7 by connecting rod 2, and adjusting bracket 7 can move back and forth along the axis direction of drill body 3 by driving laser head 1.As shown in Figure 1, each laser head 1 is connected by connecting rod 2, and the modulated frame 7 of connecting rod 2 controls, and can move with adjusting bracket 7 simultaneously; Adjusting bracket 7 is arranged on the inwall of drill body 3, can slide up and down along inwall, drives all laser heads 1 to move up and down together simultaneously, or laser head 1 is relatively independent with the motion of camera 8.If camera 8 is the existing camera that can stretch, camera 8 is also connected with camera control unit, camera control unit is connected with camera 8 by signal transmssion line 5, the pumping signal camera 8 that camera control unit opens to camera 8 one by signal transmssion line 5 just stretches out, and the pumping signal camera 8 that camera control unit closes to camera 8 one by signal transmssion line 5 again will be retracted.
Adjusting bracket 7 can be existing structure, edge as adjusting bracket 7 contains road wheel and drive motors, drive motors can rotate by ground-engaging wheel, drive motors is fixedly connected with adjusting bracket 7, the edge of this road wheel can stretch out adjusting bracket 7 and contact with the inwall of drill body 3, drive motors anyway turns rear drive road wheel and rotates thus drive adjusting bracket 7 to move up and down, thus drives all laser heads 1 to move up and down together, to regulate the defocusing amount of laser head 1.Or adjusting bracket 7 also can be fluid pressure type, adjusting bracket 7 comprises hydraulic cylinder and piston rod, and connecting rod 2 is fixedly connected with piston rod, also can control laser head 1 move up and down together by pressurization in hydraulic cylinder or decompression.
Camera 8 is positioned on the axis of drill body 3, namely as shown in Figure 1, camera 8 is positioned at the middle part of adjusting bracket 7, camera 8 is fixedly connected with adjusting bracket 7, camera 8 can move up and down with adjusting bracket 7, on the axis that camera 8 is positioned at drill body 3, adjusting bracket 7 can drive camera 8 to move back and forth along the axis direction of drill body 3, and camera 8 is for observing Rock in Well pattern, and camera 8 is the night vision cam for taking described laser drill head drilling direction.
In drill body 3, containing the lens cap 9 for the protection of camera 8 and the shutter 10 for the protection of laser head 1 in described through hole.Lens cap 9 should be refractory metal material and makes, and can play a protective role to night vision cam.Lens cap 9 is substantially identical with the structure of shutter 10, and to be existing structure unfolding mode also substantially identical.
A kind of laser drilling appliance, comprise drilling rod 14, the lower end of drilling rod 14 is fixed with the laser drill head stated, described laser drilling appliance also comprises Laser control unit 13, display screen 12 and adjusting bracket control unit 11, Laser control unit 13 is connected with laser head 1 by optical cable 4, display screen 12 is connected with camera 8 by signal transmssion line 5, and adjusting bracket control unit 11 is connected with adjusting bracket 7 by control line 6, as shown in Figure 2.
During work, above-mentioned laser drill head is positioned at underground, and Laser control unit 13, display screen 12 and adjusting bracket control unit 11 are positioned at ground, and drilling rod 14 transmits power, acting as to laser head 1 conveying capacity of optical cable 4 to drill body 3.Signal transmssion line 5 acts on and being delivered in aboveground display screen 12 by the picture of night vision cam.In the present embodiment, control line 6 is cable, containing above-mentioned road wheel and drive motors in adjusting bracket, and the displacement of control line 6 and adjusting bracket control unit 11 connection control adjusting bracket 7, thus control moving up and down of camera 8 and/or laser head 1.Laser control unit 13 can be independent the operation of each laser head 1 of control.
A kind of laser drilling appliance well drilling and rock crushing method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the laser drill head entering above-mentioned laser drilling appliance under in well,
Step 2: make drilling rod 14 drive drill body 3 to creep into, carry out step 3 when creeping into and being obstructed, otherwise drill body 3 continues to creep into until desired depth;
Step 3: drill body 3 shuts down, lens cap 9 is opened, camera 8 starts, by signal transmssion line 5, optical signal is fed back on display screen 12, aboveground staff is according to the irradiation time of the morphology selection laser head 1 of the rock 15 of display on display screen 12, laser distribution density, power and defocusing amount, control to adjust frame 7 by adjusting bracket control unit 11 laser head 1 is moved up and down thus adjusts the defocusing amount of laser head 1, Laser control unit 13 transmits energy by optical cable 4 to each laser head 1, shutter 10 is opened, Laser control unit 13 controls laser head 1 according to selected irradiation time, the surface of laser distribution density and power emission laser beam irradiation rock 15, only change the thermal field on rock 15 surface and stress field make the thermal field on the surface of rock 15 and stress field uneven thus produce micro-crack, weaken rock 15 intensity, broken to accelerate rock 15, for further the broken rock of machinery rotation creates favorable conditions, after laser head 1 irradiates, Laser control unit 13 stops providing energy to laser head 1, shutter 10 closes to protect laser head 1 injury-free, adjusting bracket control unit 11 controls to adjust frame 7 and sets back, namely laser head 1 gets back to initial position, close night vision cam 8 and lens cap 9 simultaneously, then, be back to step 2 (drilling rod 14 drives drill body 3 to continue to creep into).
Until repeat step 3 when again running into hardness component rock, complete efficient rock-breaking.It should be noted that: it is not high temperature melting, vaporization that many laser heads 1 described in the utility model irradiate its main contributions of rock, but by change the thermal field of rock surface and stress field make the thermal field on its surface and stress field uneven thus produce micro-crack, weaken rock strength, accelerate catalase, for further the broken rock of machinery rotation creates favorable conditions, improve the rate of penetration of hard rock stratum.
The above; be only specific embodiment of the utility model, the scope of utility model enforcement can not be limited with it, so the displacement of its equivalent assemblies; or the equivalent variations to do according to the utility model scope of patent protection and modification, all still should belong to the category that this patent is contained.In addition, the technical characteristic in the utility model and all can using by independent assortment between technical characteristic, between technical characteristic and technical scheme, between technical scheme and technical scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a laser drill head, it is characterized in that, described laser drill head comprises drill body (3), containing camera (8) and multiple laser head (1) in drill body (3), also containing can the adjusting bracket (7) of dollying head (8) and/or laser head (1) in drill body (3), the head of drill body (3) contains the through hole corresponding with camera (8) and laser head (1).
2. laser drill head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, drill body (3) is PDC drill bit, containing multiple cutting teeth on the described head of drill body (3), is equipped with at least one laser head (1) between every two adjacent described cutting teeths.
3. laser drill head according to claim 2, is characterized in that, laser head (1) hollow part between two described cutting teeths, and the transmit direction of laser head (1) is parallel to the axis direction of drill body (3).
4. laser drill head according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, laser head (1) is connected with adjusting bracket (7) by connecting rod (2), and adjusting bracket (7) can move back and forth along the axis direction of drill body (3) by driving laser head (1).
5. laser drill head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, camera (8) is positioned on the axis of drill body (3), and adjusting bracket (7) can drive camera (8) to move back and forth along the axis direction of drill body (3).
6. laser drill head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, camera (8) is the night vision cam for taking described laser drill head drilling direction.
7. laser drill head according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; in drill body (3), containing the lens cap (9) for the protection of camera (8) and the shutter (10) for the protection of laser head (1) in described through hole.
8. a laser drilling appliance, it is characterized in that, described laser drilling appliance comprises drilling rod (14), the laser drill head in claim 1 ~ 7 described in any one claim is contained in the lower end of drilling rod (14), described laser drilling appliance also comprises Laser control unit (13), display screen (12) and adjusting bracket control unit (11), Laser control unit (13) is connected with laser head (1) by optical cable (4), display screen (12) is connected with camera (8) by signal transmssion line (5), adjusting bracket control unit (11) is connected with adjusting bracket (7) by control line (6).
9. laser drilling appliance according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the operation of each laser head of control (1) that Laser control unit (13) can be independent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420791173.5U CN204371102U (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2014-12-12 | Laser drill head and laser drilling appliance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420791173.5U CN204371102U (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2014-12-12 | Laser drill head and laser drilling appliance |
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| CN204371102U true CN204371102U (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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| CN201420791173.5U Expired - Fee Related CN204371102U (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2014-12-12 | Laser drill head and laser drilling appliance |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104499943A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Laser drill, laser drilling tool and well drilling rock breaking method |
| CN107642376A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-30 | 重庆大学 | A kind of laser drilling cuts integration and strengthens gas drainage system and method |
| CN111535748A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-08-14 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Laser drill bit with negative pressure suction function |
| CN111636874A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-08 | 山东科技大学 | Microwave-assisted rock crushing system and control method thereof |
| CN111911080A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-10 | 西南石油大学 | Laser-mechanical combined rock breaking power drilling tool |
| WO2021089627A1 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-14 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh | Ground removal device and method for producing a hole in the ground |
-
2014
- 2014-12-12 CN CN201420791173.5U patent/CN204371102U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104499943A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Laser drill, laser drilling tool and well drilling rock breaking method |
| CN107642376A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-30 | 重庆大学 | A kind of laser drilling cuts integration and strengthens gas drainage system and method |
| WO2021089627A1 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-14 | Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh | Ground removal device and method for producing a hole in the ground |
| CN111535748A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-08-14 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Laser drill bit with negative pressure suction function |
| CN111636874A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-08 | 山东科技大学 | Microwave-assisted rock crushing system and control method thereof |
| CN111911080A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-10 | 西南石油大学 | Laser-mechanical combined rock breaking power drilling tool |
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Legal Events
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150603 |