CN204359677U - The device of research energetic material fast reaction mechanism - Google Patents
The device of research energetic material fast reaction mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN204359677U CN204359677U CN201320486505.4U CN201320486505U CN204359677U CN 204359677 U CN204359677 U CN 204359677U CN 201320486505 U CN201320486505 U CN 201320486505U CN 204359677 U CN204359677 U CN 204359677U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of device studying energetic material fast reaction mechanism, it is characterized in that: comprise shock tube, sample fixing device and monochromatic spectrum testing system, wherein shock tube comprises portfire, drives section inflation inlet, experimental section inflation inlet, the first pressure transducer, the second pressure transducer, polyethylene film and fiber outlet; Sample fixing device comprises fiberoptic visualization mouth, high-temperature pipe is protected optical fiber, annulus base and sample sack; Monochromatic spectrum testing system comprises light-dividing device, monochromatic spectrometer, photomultiplier, charge amplifier, digital oscilloscope and cable.The simplification reaction model obtained based on this considers predominating path emphatically, gives up the reaction that impact is more weak, can reflect energetic material rapid-action real processes under actual experiment condition exactly.
Description
Technical field
Each embodiment of the present utility model relates to spectral measurement methods field, relates more specifically to the device studying energetic material fast reaction mechanism.
Background technology
Energetic material is that a class itself has higher-energy performance, can discharge the material of large energy, and it is particularly extensive in the application of space flight, military project and other high-tech area, and the research therefore for energetic material reaction mechanism is a focus always.Want research substance reaction mechanism, just must analyze the chemical dynamics process Sum decomposition passage in course of reaction, this mainly measures in real time according to the transient state of intermediate product.In this respect, various spectral analysis technique can be used as a kind of means of detection energetic material atom and molecule level, and it is conducive to more in depth understanding more comprehensively the physical property change of material under shock wave and corresponding mechanism.
From the eighties, decompose microscopic mechanism to energetic material abroad to study.Experimentally mainly adopt the technology such as molecular tree instrument, ultraviolet/visible absorption spectra, spontaneous Raman spectrometer, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, but because energetic material fast-response time is that musec order is even shorter, the response time of general instrument does not reach, therefore can not to middle and final product over time process study.Some mechanism external adopts the technology such as laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), high power video and high-speed camera, although these methods can differentiate the physics and chemistry process occurred in impact compress process in which materials inside, but these instrument price are expensive, and some equipment importation is restricted, general unit and mechanism are difficult to buy.Therefore domesticly thermoanalytical method is mostly limited to, and heat analysis method be a kind of under slow temperature program(me) controls the transformation of research material and the process of reaction, it really can not simulate the process of energetic material rapid reaction under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions (burning, blast etc.).These reasons all significantly limit the research work of energetic material rapid reaction microscopic mechanism above.
The problem that bulk/volume buying is applicable to impact transient state spectrum test equipment is difficult to for due to reasons such as funds and the external restrictions to high-tech technology, the utility model is undertaken assembling enabling to meet by existing spectral instrument and impacts the requirement of spectrum experiment, and proposes a kind ofly to combine the new method and device of studying energetic material fast reaction mechanism with theoretical modeling and dynamic experiment.This method not only can greatly reduce experimental amount, and state during energy real simulation energetic material rapid reaction, more closing to reality application.
Utility model content
The utility model object be to overcome existing expensive to impact transient state spectrum test equipment price, import is difficult and to problems such as the more difficult researchs of reaction mechanism that energetic material occurs in very short time, impact transient state spectrum test device primarily of monochromatic spectrometer, photomultiplier and oscillograph composition is provided, and proposes a kind ofly to combine the new method and device of studying ammonium nitrate class energetic material fast reaction mechanism with theoretical modeling and dynamic experiment.
The technical scheme that the utility model is taked for technical solution problem is:
Theoretical combining with experiment studies the most effective method of energetic material reaction mechanism, is also energetic material research and development trend.Therefore the research of this project is carried out from experimental study and theoretical research two aspects:
Experimentally: utilizing with shock tube is loading tool, the Transient spectrum test macro be made up of the monochromatic spectrometer of multiple stage, synchronous acquisition is carried out to energetic material rapid-action intermediate product signal, utilizes the signal data obtained to carry out the dynamic characteristic of the reaction that corrected Calculation goes out.
In theory: the polymerization kinetics curves of (temperature and pressure are drawn by experiment) energetic material rapid-action intermediate product under we utilize Chemical Kinetics software to calculate our experiment condition.And to energetic material rapid-action reaction channel speed (K): K=AT
βa, β, E in exp (-E/RT) adjust, what after making adjustment, " 3 points " time of the change curve of the dynamic characteristic curve of reaction power process simulation and the primary product radiation intensity of measuring tried one's best coincide, and after revising like this, the reaction model that obtains can reflect energetic material rapid-action real processes under experiment condition comparatively accurately.
According to the first method of the present utility model, provide a kind of device studying energetic material fast reaction mechanism, it is characterized in that: comprise shock tube, sample fixing device and monochromatic spectrum testing system, wherein shock tube comprises portfire, drives section inflation inlet, experimental section inflation inlet, the first pressure transducer, the second pressure transducer, polyethylene film and fiber outlet; Sample fixing device comprises fiberoptic visualization mouth, high-temperature pipe is protected optical fiber, annulus base and sample sack; Monochromatic spectrum testing system comprises light-dividing device, monochromatic spectrometer, photomultiplier, charge amplifier, digital oscilloscope and cable.
According to the further embodiment of the utility model, sample fixing device is placed on immediately below the first pressure transducer, to ensure the time synchronized of pressure transducer and fiber optic recording data.
According to the further embodiment of the utility model; optical fiber is coupled on sample fixing device by fiberoptic visualization mouth; and end face shock motion direction dorsad; to prevent the false triggering of optical fiber; optical fiber high-temperature pipe and corrugated tube protection, in order to avoid optical fiber sustains damage in the case of a high temperature and affects the transmission of light signal.
According to the further embodiment of the utility model, shock wave pipe range 6.00m, internal diameter is 10cm; First pressure transducer and the second pressure transducer interval 55cm, the first pressure transducer distance shock tube end is 2.45m.
According to the further embodiment of the utility model, select the digital oscilloscope of bandwidth 500MHz, four-way, the photomultiplier of spectral range 300-650nm, reflective monochromatic spectrometer, the common silica fibre of diameter 0.9mm.
According to second aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of being combined by theoretical modeling and dynamic experiment and study the method for energetic material fast reaction mechanism, it is characterized in that: use the device based on the blast of shock wave dynamic mixing method research ammonium nitrate explosive, this device comprises shock tube, sample fixing device and monochromatic spectrum testing system, and wherein shock tube comprises portfire, drives section inflation inlet, experimental section inflation inlet, the first pressure transducer, the second pressure transducer, polyethylene film and fiber outlet; Sample fixing device comprises fiberoptic visualization mouth, high-temperature pipe is protected optical fiber, annulus base and sample sack; Monochromatic spectrum testing system comprises light-dividing device, monochromatic spectrometer, photomultiplier, charge amplifier, digital oscilloscope and cable; The method comprises:
Monochromator is positioned at primary product characteristic spectral line position, by digital oscilloscope recording feature spectral line Strength Changes in time after opto-electronic conversion, i.e. time history curve, inquires into energetic material with this and impacts decomposition key component situation over time; And
With reaction power calculation procedure simulation energetic material rapid-action dynamic characteristic curve, the time of occurrence of the primary product that Binding experiment measures, flex point time and maximum peak time, energetic material rapid-action reaction channel is revised, give suitable interpolation to original reaction channel or delete, and to the A in speed K:K=AT β exp (-E/RT) of reaction channel, β, E adjusts, wherein A is pre-exponential factor, β is humidity index, E is energy of activation, R is gas law constant, T is absolute temperature, make according to amended parameter institute matching curve out and the primary product time of occurrence measured in an experiment and flex point time, what the maximum peak time tried one's best coincide, the simplification reaction model obtained thus considers predominating path emphatically, gives up the reaction that impact is more weak, can reflect energetic material rapid-action real processes under actual experiment condition exactly.
According to the further embodiment of the utility model, it is characterized in that: the pressure signal P 1 received with the first pressure transducer in experiment for trigger pip, using the photosignal time t1 synchronous corresponding with pressure signal P 1 as the zero point of recording.
According to the further embodiment of the utility model, shock wave pipe range 6.00m, internal diameter is 10cm; First pressure transducer and the second pressure transducer interval 55cm, the first pressure transducer distance shock tube end is 2.45m.
According to the further embodiment of the utility model, select the oscillograph of bandwidth 500MHz, four-way, the photomultiplier of spectral range 300-650nm, reflective monochromatic spectrometer, the common silica fibre of diameter 0.9mm.
The beneficial effect that the utility model has is:
1. simple to operate, cost is lower; 2. transient state spectrum sensitivity will far above thermoanalysis technology; 3. combine with theory calculate and not only greatly reduce experimental amount, but also can the kinetic curve of reaction that goes out of corrected Calculation; 3. state during energy real simulation energetic material explosive combustion, more closing to reality application.This new method of the present utility model be the fast reaction mechanism of energetic material researched and proposed new approaches.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When reading the detailed description hereafter to exemplary embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings, these and other object, feature and advantage will become apparent, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the device using state structural representation according to research energetic material fast reaction mechanism of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the variation diagram of the radiation intensity of the monochrome spectrum of oscillograph recording; And
Fig. 3 is the kinetic curve of the product of reaction power process simulation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device studying energetic material fast reaction mechanism, comprises shock tube 1, sample fixing device 2 and monochromatic spectrum testing system 3; Wherein portfire 1-1, the optical fiber 2-2 driving section inflation inlet 1-2, experimental section inflation inlet 1-3, the first pressure transducer 1-4, the second pressure transducer 1-5, polyethylene film 1-6, fiber outlet 1-7, fiberoptic visualization mouth 2-1, high-temperature pipe to protect, annulus base 2-3, sample sack 2-4, light-dividing device 3-1, monochromatic spectrometer 3-2, photomultiplier 3-3, charge amplifier 3-4, digital oscilloscope 3-5, cable 3-6.
Whole experiment is carried out in shock tube 1, is first sealed by shock tube 1, drives section inflation inlet 1-2 and experimental section inflation inlet 1-3 to be evacuated to 0.005MPa with vacuum pump respectively simultaneously.Drive section inflation inlet 1-2 to be filled with hydrogen and the oxygen that stoichiometric proportion is 2: 1, and reserved certain hour make it fully mix.With portfire 1-1 spark ignition, hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture is exploded, after breaking through polyethylene film 1-6, in shock tube experiment section, just define shock wave (figure mono-).Before experiment, energetic material is contained in sack 2-4, they is contained on sample fixing device 2.Sample fixing device 2 is placed on immediately below the first pressure transducer 1-4, to ensure the time synchronized of pressure transducer and signal optical fibre record data.And optical fiber 2-2 is coupled on sample fixing device 2 by fiberoptic visualization mouth 2-1; and end face shock motion direction dorsad; in case the false triggering of stop signal optical fiber, optical fiber high-temperature pipe and corrugated tube protection, in order to avoid optical fiber sustains damage in the case of a high temperature and affects the transmission of light signal.Like this under incident blast wave effect, the energetic material in sack is rapidly to surrounding space and sheds and explosive reaction occurs under intense shock wave effect.
The intensity time changing curve (Fig. 2) of reaction intermediate characteristic spectral line is recorded by monochromatic spectrum testing system (monochromatic spectrometer 3-2, photomultiplier 3-3 and oscillograph 3-5).The light signal produced after exploding primer in experiment transmits through optical fiber 2-2, light-dividing device 3-1 light splitting, enters three monochromatic spectrometer 3-2 (monochromatic light in advance by regulating the prism of monochromatic spectrometer 3-2 or the Angle Position of grating that outgoing can be selected predetermined) respectively.Light signal, after monochromatic spectrometer 3-2 dispersion, only has the monochromatic light of a certain wavelength can through monochromator exit slit, completes after light signal is converted into electric signal, by digital oscilloscope 3-5 recording voltage waveform through photomultiplier 3-3.
The pressure signal P 1 received with the first pressure transducer 1-4 in experiment for trigger pip,
Because pressure signal and photosignal are synchronous recordings, therefore, using at this moment synchronous corresponding with P1 photosignal time t1 as the zero point of recording, so test signal ski-jump t2 represents the time of occurrence of product, and test signal ski-jump t2 and record zero crossing time t1 interval are exactly the △ T duration of ignition (as shown in Figure 2) of this intermediate product.The flex point can measuring intermediate product signal zero point of time and time to peak equally in this approach.
The working method of present embodiment is: the fast chemical reaction process of energetic material, and can regard the gas-phase reaction that chemical kinetics controls under experimental conditions as, its reaction rate can represent with Arrhenius law
K＝AT
βexp(-E/RT) (1)
Wherein, A is pre-exponential factor; β is humidity index; E is energy of activation; R is gas law constant; T is absolute temperature.
Intend the kinetic curve of reaction product in the rapid reaction with CHEMKIN program computation energetic material, according to the result of the time of occurrence of multiple reaction product measured and time to peak difference contrast theory calculate, the parameters (figure tri-) such as important products reaction channel under incident shock incentive condition in energetic material rapid reaction process and energy of activation can be obtained.
Energetic material rapid-action dynamic characteristic curve (figure tri-) is simulated with reaction power calculation procedure, the time of occurrence of primary product that Binding experiment measures, flex point time and maximum peak time (figure bis-), energetic material rapid-action reaction channel is revised, suitable interpolation is awarded to original reaction channel or deletes, and the speed (K) to reaction channel: K=AT
βa, β, E of exp (-E/RT) award adjustment, make according to coincideing of trying one's best of amended parameter institute matching curve out and the product time of occurrence measured in an experiment and flex point, peak-peak time, the simplification reaction model obtained after such amendment considers predominating path emphatically, gives up the reaction that impact is more weak.Energetic material rapid-action real processes under our experiment condition (High Temperature High Pressure) condition can be reflected comparatively accurately.
The utility model can decompose the gordian technique of microscopic mechanism and is by the Study of the Realization energetic material:
Simulate energetic material rapid-action dynamic characteristic curve with reaction power calculation procedure in theory, the time of occurrence of primary product that Binding experiment measures, flex point time and maximum peak time, to the speed K=AT of energetic material rapid-action reaction channel
βthe parameters such as A, β, E of exp (-E/RT) award adjustment, make will use up according to amended parameter institute matching curve out and the product time of occurrence measured in an experiment and flex point, peak-peak time coincideing of at utmost measuring.This is the key reflecting energetic material rapid-action real processes under experiment condition exactly.
The long 6.00m of shock tube 1 in the present embodiment, internal diameter is 10cm; Experimental section two pressure transducer 1-4 and 1-5 interval 55cm, first pressure transducer 1-4 distance shock tube end 1-7 is 2.45m, section hydrogen and oxygen stoichiometric proportion is driven to be 2: 1, select TDS5054 oscillograph (bandwidth 500MHz, four-way), Phillips XP2262 type photomultiplier (spectral range 300-650nm), the reflective monochromator of WDF, YE5852 charge amplifier, optical fiber is common silica fibre (diameter 0.9mm).
Give instructions of the present utility model for the object illustrated and describe, but it is not intended to be exhaustive or be limited to the utility model of disclosed form.It may occur to persons skilled in the art that a lot of amendment and variant.
Therefore; embodiment is to principle of the present utility model, practical application are described better and enable the other staff in those skilled in the art understand following content and select and describe; namely; under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model spirit, all modifications made and replacement all will fall in the utility model protection domain of claims definition.
Claims (5)
1. study the device of energetic material fast reaction mechanism for one kind, it is characterized in that: comprise shock tube, sample fixing device and monochromatic spectrum testing system, wherein shock tube comprises portfire, drives section inflation inlet, experimental section inflation inlet, the first pressure transducer, the second pressure transducer, polyethylene film and fiber outlet; Sample fixing device comprises fiberoptic visualization mouth, high-temperature pipe is protected optical fiber, annulus base and sample sack; Monochromatic spectrum testing system comprises light-dividing device, monochromatic spectrometer, photomultiplier, charge amplifier, digital oscilloscope and cable.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sample fixing device is placed on immediately below the first pressure transducer.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: optical fiber is coupled on sample fixing device by fiberoptic visualization mouth, and end face shock motion direction dorsad.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: shock wave pipe range 6.00m, and internal diameter is 10cm; First pressure transducer and the second pressure transducer interval 55cm, the first pressure transducer distance shock tube end is 2.45m.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the digital oscilloscope selecting bandwidth 500MHz, four-way, the photomultiplier of spectral range 300-650nm, reflective monochromatic spectrometer, the common silica fibre of diameter 0.9mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320486505.4U CN204359677U (en) | 2013-08-12 | 2013-08-12 | The device of research energetic material fast reaction mechanism |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776776A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-05-07 | 河南教育学院 | Method and device for researching quick reaction mechanism of energetic material |
| CN109029551A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉理工大学 | The intracavitary ignition process camera system of shock tube |
| CN110987360A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Shock tube test system for PSP dynamic calibration device |
-
2013
- 2013-08-12 CN CN201320486505.4U patent/CN204359677U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776776A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-05-07 | 河南教育学院 | Method and device for researching quick reaction mechanism of energetic material |
| CN109029551A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉理工大学 | The intracavitary ignition process camera system of shock tube |
| CN110987360A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Shock tube test system for PSP dynamic calibration device |
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Granted publication date: 20150527 Termination date: 20190812 |
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