CN102620841A - Transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on spectrum technology - Google Patents
Transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on spectrum technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102620841A CN102620841A CN2012100663231A CN201210066323A CN102620841A CN 102620841 A CN102620841 A CN 102620841A CN 2012100663231 A CN2012100663231 A CN 2012100663231A CN 201210066323 A CN201210066323 A CN 201210066323A CN 102620841 A CN102620841 A CN 102620841A
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Abstract
The invention provides a transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on spectrum technology. The transient temperature measuring and inverting system comprises a converging lens A, an optical fiber probe, an optical fiber, a spectrometer, a photodiode array (PDA), an interface circuit, a computer and a display, wherein the center of the optical fiber probe is in the main optical axis direction of the converging lens A; the optical fiber probe is connected with the optical fiber; the optical fiber is connected with the spectrometer; and the spectrometer, the PDA, the interface circuit, the computer and the display are sequentially connected. The transient temperature test system based on full-spectrum measurement is established by using a spectrum inversion method. By the traditional multispectral radiation temperature measuring and inverting method, only one approximate temperature value can be obtained, but the practical temperature distribution cannot be obtained. According to the system, a principal component regression algorithm is adopted to provide temperature distribution inversion based on the multispectral radiation temperature measuring method to measure transient temperature. The system can be applied to the measurement and inversion of the target transient temperature in non-contact temperature measuring fields, such as explosion and laser damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transient temperature measuring and inverting system, belong to the spectroscopic temperature measurement technical field based on spectral technique.
Background technology
Multispectral radiation thermometry (Multispectral Radiation Thermometry) is the measurement target true temperature simultaneously that just grows up of late nineteen seventies and the non-contact temperature measuring method of material spectrum emissivity; Also can be used as the important instrument of the dynamic hot physical property measurement of multiparameter, in order to the emissivity of measuring sample, fusing point, specific heat, thermal expansion etc.
The traditional test means are owing to be subject to test philosophy itself, can't realize exploding or the measurement that laser such as injures at violent active transient temperature and composition change procedure.Transient temperature is meant the temperature of very short a period of time internal object, and for example in blast, in very short a period of time, the temperature of blast area just is transient temperature after the time break or the blast.For example often produce thermal spectrum, laser induced plasma spectrum and Raman spectrum etc. in laser and the matter interaction process; Mechanism of production according to various spectrums; Analyze inverting target temperature information and composition change information, for the research of laser irradiation target mechanism lays the foundation.[Cai Hongxing, Hu Xinyue etc.; The thermal spectrum measurement Research progress in the process is injured in light laser. Jilin Province's optics association 30 anniversary proceedings; 2011]
Multispectral radiation temperature measurement inversion method commonly used at present can only go out an approximate temperature value, and can't provide actual Temperature Distribution.
Summary of the invention
Can only provide an approximate temperature value in order to solve traditional measurement, and can't provide actual Temperature Distribution, the invention provides a kind of transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on spectral technique.Described transient temperature is meant the temperature of effect target in very short a period of time, and for example in blast, in very short a period of time, the temperature of blast area just is transient temperature after the time break or the blast.
The present invention adopts the principal component regression algorithm, has provided the Temperature Distribution inverting based on multispectral radiation temperature measurement method.
Principal component regression method (PCA) is the principal component analytical method that adopts in the multivariate statistics.It can parse major influence factors from polynary things, disclose the essence of things, simplifies complicated problems.PCA is intended to utilize the thought of dimensionality reduction, is converted into a few overall target to many indexs.With study of statistical methods multivariate problem the time, variable can increase calculated amount and the complicacy that increases problem analysis too much.People hope that in the process of carrying out quantitative test, the variable that relates to is less, and the quantity of information that obtains is more.Principal component analysis (PCA) adapts to this requirement generation just, is the ideal tools that solves this type topic.[Hong Suzhen; How effectively to utilize the major component in the principal component analysis (PCA); Master thesis .2008]
Photodiode array PDA is to tighten solid matter at crystalline silicon to be listed as a series of photodiodes.Each diode is equivalent to the exit slit of a monochromator, and diode multiresolution more is high more.Generally be monochromatic light that the nanometer bands of a spectrum are wide on the corresponding receiving spectrum of a diode.Polychromatic light is radiated on the diode array device, is that the light intensity of each nano wave length changes corresponding electrical signal intensity into.
A kind of transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on spectral technique; It comprises a kind of transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on spectral technique; It is characterized in that it comprises convergent lens A, fibre-optical probe, optical fiber, spectroscope, photodiode array PDA, interface circuit, computing machine and display;
Wherein, the center of fibre-optical probe is on the primary optical axis direction of convergent lens A; Fibre-optical probe is connected with optical fiber, and optical fiber is connected with spectroscope; Spectroscope, photodiode array, interface circuit, computing machine, display connect in order;
Described target can be a noncooperative target, also can be cooperative target;
The focal length of convergent lens A is selected according to concrete measurement requirement, confirms the focal length of convergent lens A according to the distance of target, and the selection of focal length makes fibre-optical probe can receive light signal as much as possible;
Optical fiber is big core diameter multimode optical fiber, and the optical fiber internal diameter is the 200-400 micron;
Spectroscope is the grating beam splitting appearance, can polychromatic light be separated into monochromatic light, carries out spectral measurement and analysis;
Store in the computing machine and calculate and operating software, calculate function and carry out man-machine interaction, signal Processing, control and data computation;
Target produces the light signal with characteristic through certain effect, receives and is coupled in the fibre-optical probe through convergent lens A, through fiber optic conduction; Light signal by fiber optic conduction gets into spectroscope, after its effect, presses the difference of wavelength and separates, and is radiated on the photodiode array PDA; The electric signal that photodiode array PDA is produced gets into computing machine behind interface circuit;
Computing machine receives the measurement data information of importing into, and the software program that designs based on Planck radiation formula calculates the processing of related data; Spectroscopic data inverting to the thermal spectrum of target obtains its Temperature Distribution; Display is information to show;
Planck black matrix theory has provided the temperature of material surface and the relation between its emission spectrum, adopts the principal component regression method, has set up the relation between radiation spectrum and temperature; The spectrum radiant exitance M of target
VTWith the formula of wave number v, temperature T do
Wherein h is a Planck's constant, and c is the light velocity, ε
0Be permittivity of vacuum, k
BIt is Boltzmann constant.
The relation of blackbody radiation emittance and temperature and wavelength is as shown in Figure 3.
In order to realize the accurate inverting of temperature, before carrying out temperature survey, need calibrate measuring system; The present invention utilizes 1173K chamber black matrix (900 ℃) and solar temperature (5770K) to carry out the calibration of low temperature part and high-temperature part respectively.Fig. 4 is multispectral radiation temperature measurement low-temperature measurement result calibration.Fig. 5 is multispectral radiation temperature measurement high temperature measurement result calibration.
Partly calibrating with low temperature is example, and its process and result are as shown in Figure 4, and wherein the A line is the calibration curve that spectrometer passes letter; The B line is the heat radiation measured spectra of 1173K chamber black matrix, and C is for passing spectrometer on the B line after letter is proofreaied and correct, and the D line is the thermal radiation optical spectrum theoretical value curve under the different temperatures; The area deviation of C line and D line is 1.31%; The area deviation of high temperature section is 6.58%, and is as shown in Figure 5, and then the temperature error scope of the measurement inverting of corresponding low-temperature zone is in 16K; The temperature error scope of the measurement inverting of high temperature section is calibrated the basis of having established temperature retrieval accurately in 380K;
Multispectral radiation temperature measurement inversion method commonly used at present can only provide an approximate temperature value, and can't provide actual Temperature Distribution.The present invention adopts the principal component regression algorithm, has provided the Temperature Distribution inverting based on multispectral radiation temperature measurement method, and concrete computation process is accomplished by designed software in the computing machine (8);
A kind of based on the transient temperature measuring of spectral technique and the operational flowchart of inverting system, shown in figure 13;
Execution in step 13, beginning, initialization;
Execution in step 14, receiving optical signals: target is to produce the light signal with characteristic through certain effect back, receives and is coupled in the fibre-optical probe through convergent lens A, through fiber optic conduction;
Execution in step 15, switching electrical signals: the light signal by fiber optic conduction gets into spectroscope, after the spectroscope effect, presses the difference of wavelength and separates, and is radiated on the photodiode array PDA; The electric signal that photodiode array PDA is produced gets into computing machine behind interface circuit;
Execution in step 16, analytical calculation: computing machine receives the information of importing into, the data that promptly measure, the software program of Application Design calculates the processing that it carries out related data; Data handling procedure is:
The first step makes to reject noise and background correction with data;
Second step, the data after handling are done non-linear correction, remove the influence that spectrometer self responds spectral transmittance in non-linear and the process of optical fiber conduction;
The 3rd step, do spectral decomposition, reject the power composition of other nonthermal radiation spectrum, the spectrum after handling like this is thermal spectrum;
The 4th step, do the Planck's law of radiation match, the match standard is that root mean square is minimum;
In the 5th step, the utilization principal component regression method carries out the inverting of transient Temperature Distribution;
Execution in step 17, the result that computing machine will be handled well shows through display;
Execution in step 18 finishes.
Figure 10 has provided the epoxy resin thermal spectrum that measures curve over time.
Among Figure 11, curve B is to multiply by empirical curve A by fair curve C to obtain, through the radiation spectrum after the normalization.Choose temperature range and be 2000k to 4000k, step-length is 100k, carries out data processing with the principal component regression method.Shown in figure 12, curve F is the temperature curve of T=2700K, and the weight of T=2700K is maximum in 2000k arrives the 4000k temperature range, secondly is 2600K and 2800K, and other composition proportions are minimum.Curve E is made up of according to the proportion stack continuous temperature T=2600K, T=2700K, T=2800K.Visible from figure, the inversion result deviation after account temperature distributes is less than the result of single temperature retrieval.
Beneficial effect: the invention provides transient temperature measuring and inverting system,, set up the mathematical model of full spectral radiance temperature retrieval in conjunction with spectral measurement methods and principal component regression method (PCA) based on spectral technique.Described mathematical model is utilized mathematical method exactly, and promptly principal component regression method solves with this physical problem of spectroscopy measurement transient temperature; Means of testing is exactly the operational means of system among the present invention.
The application of spectral inversion method has been set up transient temperature test macro and corresponding means of testing based on full spectral measurement, has analyzed target transient temperature measuring process; The application of spectral inversion method; Set up transient temperature test macro, provided Temperature Distribution inverting, realized transient temperature measuring based on multispectral radiation temperature measurement method based on full spectral measurement; Present multispectral radiation temperature measurement inversion method can only go out an approximate temperature value, and can't provide actual Temperature Distribution.System of the present invention adopts the principal component regression algorithm, has provided the Temperature Distribution inverting based on multispectral radiation temperature measurement method, has realized transient temperature measuring.Can be applicable to blast, the measurement and the inverting of the target transient temperature in non-contact temperature measuring fields such as damage from laser.Play the vital role that lays the foundation to carrying out correlative study from now on.Can be applicable to blast, the measurement and the inverting of the target transient temperature in non-contact temperature measuring fields such as damage from laser.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the transient temperature measuring of spectral technique and the structural representation block diagram of inverting system.
Fig. 2 is that target is the structural representation block diagram of cooperative target among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is four evolution distribution curves of blackbody radiation emittance.
The multispectral radiation temperature measurement low-temperature measurement of Fig. 4 result calibration.
The multispectral radiation temperature measurement high temperature measurement of Fig. 5 result calibration.
Fig. 6 is the spectrum in the laser irradiation target process.
Fig. 7 is the time resolved spectroscopy after the spectroscopic data of Fig. 6 passes through Filtering Processing.
Fig. 8 is the correction of low-temperature zone spectrum measuring data, filtering, match, residual analysis and temperature computation.
Fig. 9 is the correction of high temperature section spectroscopic data, filtering, match, residual analysis and temperature computation.
Figure 10 is that spectrogram is gathered in the radiation of laser irradiation epoxy resin surface in real time.
Figure 11 is laser irradiation epoxy resin surface t
6=240ms is radiation spectrum constantly.
Figure 12 is that the laser irradiation epoxy resin surface is measured and the inversion result error.
Figure 13 the present invention is based on the transient temperature measuring of spectral technique and the operational flowchart of inverting system.
Figure 14 the present invention is based on the transient temperature measuring of spectral technique and the operational flowchart that the inverting system is measured for the laser irradiation epoxy resin surface.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on spectral technique; It is characterized in that it comprises convergent lens A (2), fibre-optical probe (3), optical fiber (4), spectroscope (5), photodiode array PDA (6), interface circuit (7), computing machine (8) and display (9); Wherein, the center of fibre-optical probe (3) is on the primary optical axis direction of convergent lens A (2); Fibre-optical probe (3) is connected with optical fiber (4), and optical fiber (4) is connected with spectroscope (5); Spectroscope (5), photodiode array (6), interface circuit (7), computing machine (8), display (9) connect in order;
Described target 1 is a cooperative target, and is as shown in Figure 2, and cooperative target comprises laser instrument (10), epoxy resin (11), convergent lens B (12); Wherein laser instrument (10) is connected with convergent lens B (12) on the optical axis of its output beam; Laser instrument (10) is the Nd:YAG laser instrument, and its emitted laser bundle is radiated on the target epoxy resin (11) after through convergent lens B (12), and epoxy resin (11) has generation the light signal of characteristic;
The focal length of convergent lens A (2) is selected according to concrete measurement requirement, confirms the focal length of convergent lens A (2) according to the distance of target, and the selection of focal length makes fibre-optical probe can receive light signal as much as possible;
Optical fiber (4) is big core diameter multimode optical fiber, and the optical fiber internal diameter is the 200-400 micron;
Spectroscope (5) is the grating beam splitting appearance, can polychromatic light be separated into monochromatic light, carries out spectral measurement and analysis;
Store in the computing machine (8) and calculate and operating software, computing machine (8) can carry out man-machine interaction, signal Processing, control and data computation;
The choice of location that the focal length of convergent lens B (12) is laid according to epoxy resin (11), the selection of focal length better focus on the epoxy resin (11) laser;
Laser instrument (10) emission of lasering beam, laser shines on the target epoxy resin (11) through convergent lens B (12), causes that the epoxy resin temperature acutely raises, and produces the combustion wave (LSCW) that laser is kept simultaneously, produces thermal spectrum, the light signal that promptly has characteristic; This optical signals convergent lens A (2) receives and is coupled in the fibre-optical probe (3), gets into spectroscope (5) through optical fiber (4) conduction, after spectroscope (5) effect, presses the difference of wavelength and separates, and is radiated on the photodiode array PDA (6); The output information of photodiode array PDA (6) is gathered via interface circuit (7), is transferred to computing machine (8) again;
Computing machine (8) receives the measurement data information of importing into, and the software program that designs based on Planck radiation formula calculates the processing of related data; Spectroscopic data inverting to the thermal spectrum of target obtains its Temperature Distribution; Display (9) is information to show;
Planck black matrix theory has provided the temperature of material surface and the relation between its emission spectrum, adopts the principal component regression method, has set up the relation between radiation spectrum and temperature; The spectrum radiant exitance M of target
VTWith the formula of wave number v, temperature T do
Wherein h is a Planck's constant, and c is the light velocity, ε
0Be permittivity of vacuum, k
BIt is Boltzmann constant.
The relation of blackbody radiation emittance and temperature and wavelength is as shown in Figure 3.
In order to realize the accurate inverting of temperature; Before carrying out temperature survey; Need calibrate measuring system; The present invention utilizes 1173K chamber black matrix (900 ℃) and solar temperature (5770K) to carry out the calibration of low temperature part and high-temperature part respectively, is multispectral radiation temperature measurement low-temperature measurement result calibration like Fig. 4, and Fig. 5 is multispectral radiation temperature measurement high temperature measurement result calibration; Partly calibrating with low temperature is example, and its process and result are as shown in Figure 4, and wherein the A line is the calibration curve that spectrometer passes letter; The B line is the heat radiation measured spectra of 1173K chamber black matrix, and C is for passing spectrometer on the B line after letter is proofreaied and correct, and the D line is the thermal radiation optical spectrum theoretical value curve under the different temperatures; The area deviation of C line and D line is 1.31%; The area deviation of high temperature section is 6.58%, and is as shown in Figure 5, and then the temperature error scope of the measurement inverting of corresponding low-temperature zone is in 16K; The temperature error scope of the measurement inverting of high temperature section is calibrated the basis of having established temperature retrieval accurately in 380K;
The measuring system operational flowchart of described laser irradiation epoxy resin (11) is shown in figure 14;
Execution in step 21, beginning, initialization;
Execution in step 22, emission laser: laser instrument (10) emission of lasering beam, laser shines on the target epoxy resin (11) through gathering lens B (12); Cause that the epoxy resin temperature acutely raises; Produce the combustion wave (LSCW) that laser is kept simultaneously, produce thermal spectrum, the light signal that promptly has characteristic;
Execution in step 23, receiving optical signals: this optical signals convergent lens A (2) receives and is coupled in the fibre-optical probe (3), gets into spectroscope (5) through optical fiber (4) conduction;
Execution in step 24, switching electrical signals: get into the light signal of spectroscope (5), after its effect, press the difference of wavelength and separate, be radiated on the photodiode array PDA (6); The output information of photodiode array PDA (6) is gathered via high-speed interface circuit (7), is transferred to computing machine (8) again;
Execution in step 25, analytical calculation: computing machine (8) receives the information of importing into, according to software program the processing that it carries out related data is calculated; Fig. 6 is the partial data that measures, and data handling procedure is:
The first step is done data to reject noise and background correction, and is as shown in Figure 7;
Second step, the data after handling are done non-linear correction, remove the influence that spectrometer self responds spectral transmittance in non-linear and the process of optical fiber conduction;
The 3rd step, do spectral decomposition, reject the power composition of plasma spectrum, LASER Excited Fluorescence spectrum, the spectrum after handling like this is thermal spectrum;
The 4th step, do the Planck's law of radiation match, the match standard is that root mean square is minimum; Like Fig. 8, shown in 9;
In the 5th step, the utilization principal component regression method carries out the inverting of transient Temperature Distribution.
Execution in step 26, the result that computing machine (8) will be handled well shows through display (9);
Execution in step 27 finishes.
Figure 10 has provided the epoxy resin thermal spectrum that measures curve over time.
Curve B is to multiply by empirical curve A by fair curve C to obtain among Figure 11, through the radiation spectrum after the normalization, chooses temperature range and be 2000k to 4000k, and step-length is 100k, carries out data processing with the principal component regression method.Shown in figure 12, curve F is the temperature curve of T=2700K, and the weight of T=2700K is maximum in 2000k arrives the 4000k temperature range, secondly is 2600K and 2800K, and other composition proportions are minimum.Curve E is made up of according to the proportion stack continuous temperature T=2600K, T=2700K, T=2800K, and visible from figure, the inversion result deviation after account temperature distributes is less than the result of single temperature retrieval.
Claims (1)
1. transient temperature measuring and inverting system based on a spectral technique; It is characterized in that it comprises convergent lens A (2), fibre-optical probe (3), optical fiber (4), spectroscope (5), photodiode array PDA (6), interface circuit (7), computing machine (8) and display (9);
Wherein, the center of fibre-optical probe (3) is on the primary optical axis direction of convergent lens A (2); Fibre-optical probe (3) is connected with optical fiber (4), and optical fiber (4) is connected with spectroscope (5); Spectroscope (5), photodiode array (6), interface circuit (7), computing machine (8), display (9) connect in order;
The focal length of convergent lens A (2) is selected according to concrete measurement requirement, confirms the focal length of convergent lens A (2) according to the distance of target, and the selection of focal length makes fibre-optical probe can receive light signal as much as possible;
Optical fiber (4) is big core diameter multimode optical fiber, and the optical fiber internal diameter is the 200-400 micron;
Spectroscope (5) is the grating beam splitting appearance, can polychromatic light be separated into monochromatic light, carries out spectral measurement and analysis;
Store in the computing machine (8) and calculate and operating software, computing machine (8) can carry out man-machine interaction, signal Processing, control and data computation;
Target (1) produces the light signal with characteristic through certain effect, receives and is coupled in the fibre-optical probe (3) through convergent lens A (2), conducts through optical fiber (4); Light signal by fiber optic conduction gets into spectroscope (5), after its effect, presses the difference of wavelength and separates, and is radiated on the photodiode array PDA (6); The electric signal that photodiode array PDA (6) is produced gets into computing machine (8) behind interface circuit (7);
Computing machine (8) receives the measurement data information of importing into, and the software program that designs based on Planck radiation formula calculates the processing of related data; Spectroscopic data inverting to the thermal spectrum of target obtains its Temperature Distribution; Display (9) is information to show;
Planck black matrix theory has provided the temperature of material surface and the relation between its emission spectrum, adopts the principal component regression method, has set up the relation between radiation spectrum and temperature; The spectrum radiant exitance M of target
VTWith the formula of wave number v, temperature T do
Wherein h is a Planck's constant, and c is the light velocity, ε
0Be permittivity of vacuum, k
BIt is Boltzmann constant.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103063324A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-24 | 华中科技大学 | Molecular gas laser intracavity gas temperature monitoring device and method thereof |
| CN104390708A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-04 | 燕山大学 | Sliding electrical contact surface transient temperature detection device |
| CN104458012A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-25 | 燕山大学 | Sliding electric contact surface transient temperature detection system and method |
| CN104713651A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-06-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | High-spatial-resolution and high-temporal-resolution infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement method |
| CN105043555A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-11-11 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for calculating spectral emissivity and true temperature |
| CN112577605A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-30 | 深圳市旺业信息技术有限公司 | Outdoor human body infrared temperature measurement method and device and storage medium |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103063324A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-24 | 华中科技大学 | Molecular gas laser intracavity gas temperature monitoring device and method thereof |
| CN103063324B (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-12-31 | 华中科技大学 | Molecular gas laser intracavity gas temperature monitoring device and method thereof |
| CN104390708A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-04 | 燕山大学 | Sliding electrical contact surface transient temperature detection device |
| CN104458012A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-25 | 燕山大学 | Sliding electric contact surface transient temperature detection system and method |
| CN104713651A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-06-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | High-spatial-resolution and high-temporal-resolution infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement method |
| CN104713651B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2017-08-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | A kind of infrared thermal imaging temp measuring method of high spatial resolution and high time resolution power |
| CN105043555A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-11-11 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for calculating spectral emissivity and true temperature |
| CN105043555B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-12-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of method for calculating spectral emissivity and true temperature |
| CN112577605A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-30 | 深圳市旺业信息技术有限公司 | Outdoor human body infrared temperature measurement method and device and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |