CN204350819U - The water surface produces algae scaffold - Google Patents
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- CN204350819U CN204350819U CN201420753399.6U CN201420753399U CN204350819U CN 204350819 U CN204350819 U CN 204350819U CN 201420753399 U CN201420753399 U CN 201420753399U CN 204350819 U CN204350819 U CN 204350819U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种水面产藻浮架,旨在提供一种不仅能够控制礁体悬浮深度,在水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖的人工构建的水面产藻浮架。它包括浮力装置,主体杆件,若干藻礁支撑体及连接绳索;藻礁支撑体包括半球形支撑架,固定在半球形支撑架中部的连接立套及若干设置在半球形支撑架上的藻礁附着基块,各藻礁附着基块分别通过安装绳固定在半球形支撑架上;主体杆件的一端设有限位挡块,另一端设有螺纹且螺纹上设有锁紧螺母;各藻礁支撑体分别通过连接立套套设在主体杆件上,所述主体杆件及各藻礁支撑体通过连接绳索悬挂在浮力装置下方,连接绳索的一端与浮力装置相连接,另一端与靠近锁紧螺母的主体杆件端部相连接。
The utility model discloses a water surface algae producing floating frame, which aims to provide an artificially constructed water surface algae producing floating frame which can not only control the suspension depth of a reef body, but also proliferate in the middle layer, middle upper layer or middle lower layer of a water area. It includes a buoyancy device, a main rod, a number of algae reef supports and connecting ropes; Reef attachment base blocks, each algae reef attachment base block is respectively fixed on the hemispherical support frame through installation ropes; one end of the main rod is provided with a limit stopper, the other end is provided with threads and lock nuts are provided on the threads; each algae The reef supports are respectively sleeved on the main body rods through connecting vertical sleeves. The main body rods and each algae reef support are suspended below the buoyancy device through connecting ropes. One end of the connecting rope is connected to the buoyancy device, and the other end is connected to the lock The ends of the body rods of the tight nut are connected.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种人工藻礁,具体涉及一种在沿海海域投放的水面产藻浮架。 The utility model relates to an artificial algae reef, in particular to a water-surface algae-producing floating frame placed in coastal sea areas.
背景技术 Background technique
人工藻礁是专门增殖藻类的人工礁体,是人为设置在水域中,为海洋藻类提供生长繁殖的场所;从而吸引鱼虾等水生动物到藻场来索饵、繁育,以达到优化海底环境,保护、增殖渔业资源的目的;而且藻类在生长过程中,能够通过光合作用吸收水中的N、P合成自身的有机物质,并释放出氧,降低水体的N、P浓度,净化水域环境,能够有救地预防和治理水域的富营养化.改善水域生态环境,克制“赤潮”爆发,吸收重金属离子,保护海洋环境。另一方面,海藻场创造的经济价值很大,海藻本身有工业、食用、医用价值。 Artificial algae reefs are artificial reefs that specialize in the proliferation of algae. They are artificially set in waters to provide a place for growth and reproduction of marine algae; thus attracting fish and shrimp and other aquatic animals to come to the algae farm to seek food and breed, so as to optimize the seabed environment. The purpose of protecting and multiplying fishery resources; and during the growth process, algae can absorb N and P in the water through photosynthesis to synthesize their own organic substances, and release oxygen, reduce the concentration of N and P in the water body, purify the water environment, and save water. Prevention and control of eutrophication in water areas. Improve the ecological environment of water areas, restrain the outbreak of "red tide", absorb heavy metal ions, and protect the marine environment. On the other hand, the economic value created by the seaweed farm is very large, and the seaweed itself has industrial, edible and medical value.
目前的人工藻礁多为沉底式藻礁,即藻礁投放到海域后将下沉至海底,只能在海底构建藻场;而无法利用水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖,因而如何进一步利用水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖,对净化水域环境,改善水域生态环境是非常有意义的。 Most of the current artificial algal reefs are bottom-sinking algal reefs, that is, the algal reefs will sink to the bottom of the sea after being put into the sea, and can only build algae farms on the bottom of the sea; they cannot use the middle, upper middle, or lower middle layers of the water for proliferation, so how to It is very meaningful to purify the water environment and improve the ecological environment of the water area by further utilizing the middle layer, upper middle layer or lower middle layer of the water area for multiplication.
例如,中国专利公开号CN202680165U,公开日2013年1月23日,实用新型创造的名称为一种用于海藻移植的礁体,包括钢筋底座与藻礁基体两部分,所述钢筋底座与藻礁基体为分体结构,所述藻礁基体为由混凝土材质构成的圆顶形状,所述钢筋底座通过其上的垂直连接部与藻礁基体的中间连接,所述藻礁基体上设有用于放置小礁块的预留孔。该申请案的用于海藻移植的礁体同样为沉底式藻礁。 For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN202680165U, published on January 23, 2013, the name created by the utility model is a reef body for seaweed transplantation, which includes two parts: a steel base and an algae reef base, and the steel base and the algae reef The substrate is a split structure, the algal reef substrate is in the shape of a dome made of concrete, the steel base is connected to the middle of the algal reef substrate through the vertical connection part on it, and the algal reef substrate is provided with a Reserved holes for small reef blocks. The reef body used for seaweed transplantation in this application is also a sunken type algae reef.
例如,中国专利公开号CN102657072A,公开日2012年9月12日,实用新型创造的名称为一种人工移植藻礁的固定方法,该方法包括以下步骤,在目的海区的自然岩礁基质上用冲击钻钻孔;通过连接组件把各种大小及形状的人工藻礁固定在自然岩礁基质上。该申请案同样为沉底式藻礁。 For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102657072A, published on September 12, 2012, the name created by the utility model is a fixing method for artificially transplanting algae reefs. The method includes the following steps: Drilling holes; fixing artificial algae reefs of various sizes and shapes on the natural rock matrix through connecting components. This application is also a sunken type algae reef.
例如,中国专利公开号CN103609424A,公开日2014年3月25日,实用新型创造的名称为一种复合型人工藻礁,包括成藻礁和幼苗礁,所述成藻礁包括一实心底座,实心底座上表面镶嵌一形状和大小与上表面相同的金属框架,金属框架内设有贝壳网袋,上表面中心处镶嵌一金属立杆,立杆上端焊接一钢环,金属框架和钢环之间固定若干苗绳,所述幼苗礁紧固在成藻礁实心底座的侧面,幼苗礁上附有海藻幼苗。该申请案的人工藻礁同样为沉底式藻礁。 For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103609424A, published on March 25, 2014, the name created by the utility model is a composite artificial algae reef, including algae-forming reefs and seedling reefs, and the algae-forming reefs include a solid base, solid The upper surface of the base is inlaid with a metal frame with the same shape and size as the upper surface. There is a shell net bag inside the metal frame. A metal pole is inlaid in the center of the upper surface. A steel ring is welded to the upper end of the pole. Between the metal frame and the steel ring Several seedling ropes are fixed, and the seedling reef is fastened on the side of the solid base of the algae-forming reef, and seaweed seedlings are attached to the seedling reef. The artificial algal reef of this application is also a sunken type algal reef.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型的第一目的是为了克服现有技术中的人工藻礁多为沉底式藻礁,无法利用水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖,提供一种能够控制藻礁悬浮深度,充分利用水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖的水面产藻浮架。 The first purpose of this utility model is to overcome the artificial algae reefs in the prior art, which are mostly bottom-sinking algae reefs, and cannot use the middle, upper middle, or lower middle layers of the water area for proliferation, and provide a method that can control the suspension depth of algal reefs, fully The utility model relates to a water surface algae-producing floating frame for multiplication by using the middle layer, the upper middle layer or the lower middle layer of the water area.
本实用新型在第一目的基础上的另一目的是为了有效避免因海浪波动较大,使得悬浮礁体上下浮动剧烈,而导致藻礁上附着的海藻被破坏的水面产藻浮架。 Another purpose of the utility model on the basis of the first purpose is to effectively avoid the algae-producing floating frame on the water surface that causes the suspended reef body to float up and down violently due to large wave fluctuations, resulting in the destruction of the seaweed attached to the algae reef.
本实用新型的技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model is:
一种水面产藻浮架包括浮力装置,主体杆件,若干藻礁支撑体及连接绳索;所述藻礁支撑体包括半球形支撑架,固定在半球形支撑架中部的连接立套及若干设置在半球形支撑架上的藻礁附着基块,各藻礁附着基块上分别设有穿绳通孔,且各藻礁附着基块上的穿绳通孔内分别设有安装绳,各藻礁附着基块分别通过安装绳固定在半球形支撑架上;所述连接立套的下端位于半球形支撑架的下方,连接立套的上端位于半球形支撑架的上方;所述主体杆件的一端设有限位挡块,另一端设有螺纹且螺纹上设有锁紧螺母;各藻礁支撑体分别通过连接立套套设在主体杆件上,且各藻礁支撑体沿主体杆件依次分布;所述主体杆件及各藻礁支撑体通过连接绳索悬挂在浮力装置下方,连接绳索的一端与浮力装置相连接,另一端与靠近锁紧螺母的主体杆件端部相连接;所述浮力装置包括气囊袋及中央立式套筒,所述中央立式套筒设置在气囊袋内的中部,且中央立式套筒的上下两端分别穿过气囊袋,并位于气囊袋外侧,气囊袋与中央立式套筒的外侧面之间密封连接;所述中央立式套筒的顶部、位于气囊袋上方设有上端开口的储绳箱,该储绳箱内放置有吊绳及浮子,且浮子位于吊绳的上方,所述吊绳的一端固定在浮子上,另一端固定在储绳箱底部。 A water surface algae production floating frame includes a buoyancy device, a main rod, several algae reef supports and connecting ropes; On the algal reef attachment base blocks on the hemispherical support frame, each algae reef attachment base block is respectively provided with a threading through hole, and each algae reef attachment base block is respectively provided with a mounting rope in the stringing through hole. The reef attachment base blocks are respectively fixed on the hemispherical support frame by installation ropes; the lower end of the connecting vertical sleeve is located below the hemispherical support frame, and the upper end of the connecting vertical sleeve is located above the hemispherical support frame; One end is provided with a limit stopper, the other end is provided with a thread and a lock nut is provided on the thread; each algae reef support body is sleeved on the main body rod through connecting vertical sleeves, and each algae reef support body is distributed sequentially along the main body rod The main body rod and each algal reef support are suspended below the buoyancy device by connecting ropes, one end of the connecting rope is connected with the buoyancy device, and the other end is connected with the end of the main body rod near the locking nut; the buoyancy The device includes an air bag and a central vertical sleeve, the central vertical sleeve is arranged in the middle of the air bag, and the upper and lower ends of the central vertical sleeve respectively pass through the air bag and are located outside the air bag. It is sealed and connected with the outer surface of the central vertical sleeve; the top of the central vertical sleeve is located above the airbag bag and is provided with a rope storage box with an upper end opening, and a sling and a float are placed in the rope storage box, and The float is positioned above the suspension rope, one end of the suspension rope is fixed on the float, and the other end is fixed at the bottom of the rope storage box.
本方案的藻礁支撑体通过浮力装置悬挂在水域中,并且可以通过调节连接绳索的长度来控制藻礁支撑体悬挂的深度,在水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖,充分利用水域资源。 The algae reef support body of this scheme is suspended in the water area through the buoyancy device, and the depth of the algae reef support body suspension can be controlled by adjusting the length of the connecting rope, and the algae reef support body can be multiplied in the middle, middle and upper layers of the water area, and the water area resources can be fully utilized.
另一方面,藻礁管理人员在遇到大风预警,海上可能出现5、6级以上的大浪时,藻礁管理人员可以预先将气囊袋内的气体排出,从而使浮力装置与藻礁支撑体下沉到海底,从而有效避免因海浪波动较大,使得悬浮礁体上下浮动剧烈,而导致藻礁上附着的海藻被破坏。当藻礁支撑体下沉的过程中,本方案的浮子将带动吊绳一同上浮;这样当海浪退去后,藻礁管理人员可以方便的通过吊绳将浮力装置,藻礁支撑体及其上的海藻一同拉起,并重新对气囊袋内充气,使整个藻礁重新漂浮在海域内,从而恢复藻场。 On the other hand, when the algal reef management staff encounters a strong wind warning and there may be large waves above level 5 or 6 on the sea, the algal reef management personnel can discharge the gas in the air bag in advance, so that the buoyancy device and the algal reef support can be lowered. Sink to the bottom of the sea, thereby effectively avoiding the severe fluctuation of the suspended reef body due to the large wave fluctuation, which will cause the destruction of the seaweed attached to the algae reef. When the algae reef support body sinks, the floater of this scheme will drive the sling to float together; in this way, when the waves recede, the algae reef management personnel can easily lift the buoyancy device, the algae reef support body and the objects on it through the sling The algae are pulled up together, and the air bag is inflated again, so that the entire algae reef floats in the sea again, thereby restoring the algae field.
作为优选,藻礁附着基块由泡沫混凝土构成,且藻礁附着基块表面镶嵌有若干贝壳。由于藻礁附着基块由泡沫混凝土构成,泡沫混凝土不仅质量轻,而且具有大量的孔隙;因而藻礁附着基块十分有利于藻类附着;进一步的藻礁附着基块表面镶嵌有若干贝壳,使其粗糙易于藻类的固着器抓牢,贴近原生态,使藻株更容易固着及繁殖。 Preferably, the algal reef attachment base is made of foam concrete, and several shells are embedded on the surface of the algal reef attachment base. Because the algal reef attachment base is made of foam concrete, the foam concrete is not only light in weight, but also has a large number of pores; thus the algal reef attachment base is very conducive to algae attachment; further, the surface of the algal reef attachment base is inlaid with several shells, making it Rough and easy for algae to hold firmly, close to the original ecology, making it easier for algae to fix and reproduce.
作为优选,藻礁附着基块均匀排列分布在半球形支撑架的内侧面上,且各藻礁附着基块上、朝半球形支撑架的中心的一侧面上附着有人工培育的海藻幼苗。由于本方案的藻礁支撑体为往下凹陷的半球形支撑架,并且藻礁附着基块固定在半球形支撑架的内侧面上;凹陷的半球形支撑结构能够构建相对稳定的小环境,有利于贝藻繁衍生息,也可以投入海域使用前就接种相应贝藻及其它生物,有助于迅速增加物种丰度。另一方面,凹陷的半球形支撑结构能够增加单位海水表面积的利用率,并且藻株在凹面上倾斜或垂直立面立体固着,模仿陡峭海底岩礁的环境,有利于海藻的生长。 Preferably, the algal reef attachment bases are evenly arranged and distributed on the inner side of the hemispherical support frame, and artificially cultivated seaweed seedlings are attached to the side of each algal reef attachment base towards the center of the hemispherical support frame. Since the algal reef support body of this scheme is a downwardly concave hemispherical support frame, and the algal reef attachment base is fixed on the inner side of the hemispherical support frame; the concave hemispherical support structure can build a relatively stable small environment, which has It is conducive to the reproduction of shellfish, and it can also be inoculated with corresponding shellfish and other organisms before it is put into use in sea areas, which helps to rapidly increase species abundance. On the other hand, the concave hemispherical support structure can increase the utilization rate of unit seawater surface area, and the algae strains are fixed on the concave surface inclined or vertically, imitating the environment of steep seabed rocks and reefs, which is conducive to the growth of algae.
作为优选,储绳箱内侧面中部设有环形凸起,并且位于环形凸起上方的储绳箱为横截面自下而上逐渐增大的锥形箱体,所述浮子呈圆台形,且浮子置于环形凸起上方的锥形箱体内,并封遮锥形箱体上端口。本方案的浮子不仅可以作为浮力的提供装置,而且还可以作为上盖来使用,避免吊绳受到风吹日晒。 As a preference, an annular protrusion is provided in the middle of the inner surface of the rope storage box, and the rope storage box located above the annular protrusion is a conical box with a cross-section gradually increasing from bottom to top, the float is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the float It is placed in the conical box above the annular protrusion, and the upper port of the conical box is sealed. The float of this proposal can not only be used as a device for providing buoyancy, but also can be used as a top cover to prevent the suspension rope from being exposed to wind and sun.
作为优选,锥形箱体底面上设有若干排水孔。 Preferably, several drainage holes are provided on the bottom surface of the conical box.
作为优选,浮力装置还包括设置在中央立式套筒内的避浪引信装置,所述中央立式套筒呈圆筒状,且中央立式套筒的上、下两端封闭;所述避浪引信装置包括可沿中央立式套筒滑动的设置在中央立式套筒内的上活塞体、下活塞体,连接上、下两活塞体的连杆,同轴设置在下活塞体上的引出杆,设置在中央立式套筒内侧面上、并与气囊袋相连通的内排气孔及设置在中央立式套筒内侧面上、并位于气囊袋上方的外排气孔;所述中央立式套筒内侧面上、位于下活塞体下方设有限位凸块,所述引出杆位于下活塞体下方,且引出杆的下端往下延伸,并穿过中央立式套筒下端面、位于中央立式套筒外侧;所述引出杆上套设有可使上、下两活塞体往上移动、并使上活塞体抵靠中央立式套筒内顶面的第一压缩弹簧;所述内、外两排气孔之间沿中央立式套筒轴向上的间距小于上、下两活塞体之间的间距,并且当下活塞体的下端抵靠在限位凸块上时,内排气孔位于上、下两活塞体之间,外排气孔位于上活塞体上方;当上活塞体抵靠中央立式套筒内顶面时,内、外两排气孔均位于上、下两活塞体之间;所述与浮力装置相连接的连接绳索端部固定在引出杆的下端。 Preferably, the buoyancy device further includes a wave-avoiding fuze device arranged in the central vertical sleeve, the central vertical sleeve is in the shape of a cylinder, and the upper and lower ends of the central vertical sleeve are closed; The wave fuze device includes an upper piston body and a lower piston body arranged in the central vertical sleeve which can slide along the central vertical sleeve, a connecting rod connecting the upper and lower piston bodies, and a lead-out coaxially arranged on the lower piston body. The rod is arranged on the inner side of the central vertical sleeve and communicated with the airbag bag and the outer vent hole is arranged on the inner side of the central vertical sleeve and is located above the airbag bag; the central On the inner side of the vertical sleeve, there is a limit protrusion located below the lower piston body. The outer side of the central vertical sleeve; the upper sleeve of the lead-out rod is provided with a first compression spring that can move the upper and lower piston bodies upward and make the upper piston body lean against the inner top surface of the central vertical sleeve; the said The distance between the inner and outer exhaust holes along the axial direction of the central vertical sleeve is smaller than the distance between the upper and lower piston bodies, and when the lower end of the lower piston body abuts against the limit bump, the inner row The air hole is located between the upper and lower piston bodies, and the outer exhaust hole is located above the upper piston body; when the upper piston body is against the inner top surface of the central vertical sleeve, the inner and outer exhaust holes are both located on the upper and lower Between the two piston bodies; the end of the connecting rope connected with the buoyancy device is fixed at the lower end of the lead-out rod.
本方案的避浪引信装置在海浪较大的情况下,例如出现5级大浪、6级巨浪(波高2~6米),此时在海浪的作用下浮力装置将带动藻礁支撑体及其上的海藻上下剧烈波动,导致藻礁支撑体上附着的海藻被扯断、破坏等;而本方案的藻礁在海浪较大的情况下,避浪引信装置可以将气囊袋内的气体部分排出,使浮力装置的浮力小于浮力装置与各藻礁支撑体的重力之和,将浮力装置与各藻礁支撑体下沉到海底,从而有效避免因海浪波动较大,使得悬浮的藻礁支撑体上下浮动剧烈,而导致藻礁支撑体上附着的海藻被破坏。 The wave-avoidance fuze device of this program is in the case of large waves, such as 5-level waves and 6-level waves (wave height 2 to 6 meters), at this time, under the action of waves, the buoyancy device will drive the algae reef support and its The seaweed on the algae fluctuates violently up and down, causing the seaweed attached to the algae reef support to be torn off and destroyed; while the algae reef of this plan is in the case of large waves, the wave avoidance fuze device can partly discharge the gas in the air bag , so that the buoyancy of the buoyancy device is less than the sum of the gravity of the buoyancy device and each algal reef support body, and the buoyancy device and each algae reef support body are sunk to the bottom of the sea, thereby effectively avoiding the large wave fluctuations that make the suspended algae reef support body The ups and downs fluctuate violently, which causes the algae attached to the support body of the algal reef to be destroyed.
作为优选,气囊袋的顶部设有充气嘴。 Preferably, the top of the air bag is provided with an inflation nozzle.
本实用新型的有益效果是: The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
其一,可以通过调节连接绳索的长度来控制藻礁支撑体悬挂的深度,在水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖,充分利用水域资源。 Firstly, the suspension depth of the algae reef support body can be controlled by adjusting the length of the connecting rope, so as to proliferate in the middle, upper-middle or lower-middle layers of the water area and make full use of the water area resources.
其二,能够有效避免因海浪波动较大,使得悬浮礁体上下浮动剧烈,而导致藻礁上附着的海藻被破坏。 Second, it can effectively avoid the destruction of the seaweed attached to the algae reef due to the large wave fluctuations that cause the suspended reef body to fluctuate violently up and down.
其三,能够构建相对稳定的小环境,有利于贝藻繁衍生息;并且能够增加单位海水表面积的利用率,模仿陡峭海底岩礁的环境,有利于海藻的生长。 Third, it can build a relatively stable small environment, which is conducive to the reproduction of shellfish; and can increase the utilization rate of unit seawater surface area, imitating the environment of steep seabed rocks and reefs, which is conducive to the growth of seaweed.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的水面产藻浮架的一种结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a kind of structure schematic diagram of the algae producing floating frame on the water surface of the present utility model.
图2是本实用新型的藻礁支撑体的一种结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the algae reef support body of the present invention.
图3是本实用新型的藻礁附着基块的一种结构示意图。 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the algae reef attachment base of the present invention.
图4是图1中的浮力装置的一种结构示意图。 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the buoyancy device in Fig. 1 .
图5是本实用新型的水面产藻浮架在遇到海浪过程中的某一状态的一种结构示意图。 Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a certain state of the algae-producing floating frame on the water surface of the present invention in the process of encountering sea waves.
图6是图5中的浮力装置的一种结构示意图。 Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the buoyancy device in Fig. 5 .
图7是本实用新型的水面产藻浮架投放到海域后的一种实际应用的示意图。 Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a practical application of the water surface algae producing floating frame of the present invention after it is put into the sea area.
图8是本实用新型的水面产藻浮架投放到海域后的另一种实际应用的示意图。 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another practical application of the water surface algae producing floating frame of the present invention after it is put into the sea area.
图中:浮力装置1;中央立式套筒2;气囊袋3,充气嘴31;连接绳索4;储绳箱5,吊绳51,浮子52;主体杆件6,锁紧螺母61,限位挡块62;藻礁支撑体7,半球形支撑架71,连接立套72,藻礁附着基块73,穿绳通孔74;避浪引信装置8,外排气孔81,上活塞体82,内排气孔83,连杆84,下活塞体85,限位凸块86,第一压缩弹簧87,引出杆88;固定桩11;牵引绳12;连接浮体13;锚绳14;锚15。 In the figure: buoyancy device 1; central vertical sleeve 2; air bag 3, inflation nozzle 31; connecting rope 4; rope storage box 5, sling 51, float 52; main rod 6, lock nut 61, limit position Block 62; algae reef support body 7, hemispherical support frame 71, connecting vertical sleeve 72, algae reef attachment base block 73, rope through hole 74; wave avoidance fuze device 8, outer vent hole 81, upper piston body 82 , Inner exhaust hole 83, connecting rod 84, lower piston body 85, limit projection 86, first compression spring 87, lead-out rod 88; fixed pile 11; traction rope 12; connecting floating body 13; anchor rope 14; anchor 15 .
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细描述: Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:
如图1、图2、图3所示,一种水面产藻浮架包括包括浮力装置1,主体杆件6,若干藻礁支撑体7及连接绳索4。本实施例中的藻礁支撑体为3个。藻礁支撑体包括半球形支撑架71,固定在半球形支撑架中部的连接立套72及若干设置在半球形支撑架上的藻礁附着基块73。藻礁附着基块由泡沫混凝土构成。藻礁附着基块表面镶嵌有若干贝壳。藻礁附着基块呈正多边形,如正三角形、正方形、正五边形、正六边形等,本实施例中的藻礁附着基块呈正六边形等。各藻礁附着基块均匀排列分布在半球形支撑架的内侧面上。各藻礁附着基块上分别设有穿绳通孔74且各藻礁附着基块上的穿绳通孔内分别设有安装绳。各藻礁附着基块分别通过安装绳固定在半球形支撑架上,即各藻礁附着基块分别通过安装绳捆绑、固定在半球形支撑架上。各藻礁附着基块上、朝半球形支撑架的中心的一侧面上附着有人工培育的海藻幼苗。连接立套的下端位于半球形支撑架的下方,连接立套的上端位于半球形支撑架的上方。主体杆件的一端(即上端)设有限位挡块62,另一端(即下端)设有螺纹且螺纹上设有锁紧螺母61。各藻礁支撑体分别通过连接立套套设在主体杆件上,且各藻礁支撑体沿主体杆件依次分布。各半球形支撑架均朝主体杆件的限位挡块方向凸起。主体杆件及各藻礁支撑体通过连接绳索悬挂在浮力装置下方。 As shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 , a floating frame for producing algae on the water surface includes a buoyancy device 1 , a main rod 6 , several algae reef supports 7 and connecting ropes 4 . There are three algae reef supports in this embodiment. The algal reef support body includes a hemispherical support frame 71, a connecting vertical sleeve 72 fixed in the middle of the hemispherical support frame and several algal reef attachment bases 73 arranged on the hemispherical support frame. The algae reef attachment base is made of foam concrete. Several shells are inlaid on the surface of the algae reef attachment base. The algal reef attachment base is a regular polygon, such as a regular triangle, square, regular pentagon, regular hexagon, etc., and the algal reef attachment base in this embodiment is a regular hexagon. The attachment blocks of algae reefs are evenly arranged and distributed on the inner side of the hemispherical support frame. Each algae reef attachment base block is respectively provided with a stringing through hole 74 and each algae reef attachment base block is respectively provided with an installation rope in the stringing through hole. Each algal reef attachment base block is respectively fixed on the hemispherical support frame through installation ropes, that is, each algal reef attachment base block is respectively bound and fixed on the hemispherical support frame through installation ropes. Artificially cultivated seaweed seedlings are attached to the side surface of each algae reef attachment base block facing the center of the hemispherical support frame. The lower end of the vertical sleeve is located below the hemispherical support frame, and the upper end of the vertical sleeve is located above the hemispherical support frame. One end (ie, the upper end) of the main body rod is provided with a limit block 62 , and the other end (ie, the lower end) is provided with threads and a locking nut 61 is provided on the threads. Each algae reef support body is respectively sleeved on the main body rod through the connecting vertical sleeve, and each algae reef support body is sequentially distributed along the main body rod member. Each hemispherical support frame protrudes toward the direction of the limit stop of the main rod. The main rod and each algae reef supporting body are suspended below the buoyancy device through connecting ropes.
如图1、图4所示,浮力装置1包括气囊袋3,中央立式套筒2及设置在中央立式套筒内的避浪引信装置8。气囊袋的顶部设有充气嘴31。中央立式套筒设置在气囊袋内的中部,且中央立式套筒的上下两端分别穿过气囊袋,并位于气囊袋外侧。气囊袋与中央立式套筒的外侧面之间密封连接。中央立式套筒呈圆筒状,且中央立式套筒的上、下两端封闭。 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, the buoyancy device 1 includes an air bag 3, a central vertical sleeve 2 and a wave avoidance fuze device 8 arranged in the central vertical sleeve. The top of the airbag bag is provided with an inflation nozzle 31 . The central vertical sleeve is arranged in the middle of the airbag bag, and the upper and lower ends of the central vertical sleeve respectively pass through the airbag bag and are located outside the airbag bag. The air bag is airtightly connected to the outer side of the central vertical sleeve. The central vertical sleeve is cylindrical, and the upper and lower ends of the central vertical sleeve are closed.
中央立式套筒的顶部、位于气囊袋上方设有上端开口的储绳箱5。该储绳箱内放置有吊绳51及浮子52,且浮子位于吊绳的上方。浮子的浮力大于吊绳的重力。吊绳为质量较轻的高强度绳;例如,高强度尼龙绳,0.5毫米至2毫米的普通强度或较高强度的钢丝等;并且该吊绳的表面涂覆有防水涂层。储绳箱内侧面中部设有环形凸起,并且位于环形凸起上方的储绳箱为横截面自下而上逐渐增大的锥形箱体。浮子呈圆台形,且浮子置于环形凸起上方的锥形箱体内,并封遮锥形箱体上端口。锥形箱体底面上设有若干排水孔。吊绳的一端固定在浮子上,另一端固定在储绳箱底部。 The top of the central vertical sleeve is positioned above the airbag bag and is provided with a rope storage box 5 with an upper end opening. A suspension rope 51 and a float 52 are placed in the rope storage box, and the float is positioned above the suspension rope. The buoyancy of the float is greater than the gravity of the sling. The sling is a light high-strength rope; for example, a high-strength nylon rope, 0.5 mm to 2 mm ordinary strength or high-strength steel wire, etc.; and the surface of the sling is coated with a waterproof coating. An annular protrusion is provided in the middle of the inner side of the rope storage box, and the rope storage box above the annular protrusion is a tapered box with a cross-section gradually increasing from bottom to top. The float is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the float is placed in the conical box above the annular protrusion, and seals the upper port of the conical box. A plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the bottom surface of the conical box body. One end of the suspension rope is fixed on the float, and the other end is fixed on the bottom of the rope storage box.
避浪引信装置8包括可沿中央立式套筒滑动的设置在中央立式套筒内的上活塞体82、下活塞体85,连接上、下两活塞体的连杆84,同轴设置在下活塞体上的引出杆88,设置在中央立式套筒内侧面上、并与气囊袋相连通的内排气孔83及设置在中央立式套筒内侧面上、并位于气囊袋上方的外排气孔81。外排气孔为通孔。上活塞体及下活塞体侧面上分别设有密封圈。中央立式套筒内侧面上、位于下活塞体下方设有限位凸块86。引出杆位于下活塞体下方,且引出杆的下端往下延伸,并穿过中央立式套筒下端面、位于中央立式套筒外侧。中央立式套筒的下端面上设有与引出杆相对应的过杆通孔。引出杆的下端穿过过杆通孔、并位于中央立式套筒下方。引出杆上套设有可使上、下两活塞体往上移动、并使上活塞体抵靠中央立式套筒内顶面的第一压缩弹簧87。第一压缩弹簧位于下活塞体与中央立式套筒内底面之间,第一压缩弹簧的上端抵靠在下活塞体上,下端抵靠在中央立式套筒内底面上。内、外两排气孔之间沿中央立式套筒轴向上的间距小于上、下两活塞体之间的间距。当下活塞体的下端抵靠在限位凸块上时,内排气孔位于上、下两活塞体之间,外排气孔位于上活塞体上方;当上活塞体抵靠中央立式套筒内顶面时,内、外两排气孔均位于上、下两活塞体之间。 The wave avoidance fuze device 8 includes an upper piston body 82 and a lower piston body 85 arranged in the central vertical sleeve which can slide along the central vertical sleeve, and a connecting rod 84 connecting the upper and lower piston bodies, which is coaxially arranged on the lower piston body. The lead-out rod 88 on the piston body is arranged on the inner side of the central vertical sleeve and communicates with the inner exhaust hole 83 of the airbag bag and is arranged on the inner side of the central vertical sleeve and is positioned at the outer side of the airbag bag. Vent 81. The outer exhaust hole is a through hole. Sealing rings are respectively arranged on the sides of the upper piston body and the lower piston body. A limit projection 86 is provided on the inner side of the central vertical sleeve and below the lower piston body. The lead-out rod is located below the lower piston body, and the lower end of the lead-out rod extends downward, passes through the lower end surface of the central vertical sleeve, and is located outside the central vertical sleeve. A rod passing hole corresponding to the lead-out rod is provided on the lower end surface of the central vertical sleeve. The lower end of the lead-out rod passes through the rod through hole and is located below the central vertical sleeve. The first compression spring 87 that can move the upper and lower piston bodies upward and make the upper piston body lean against the inner top surface of the central vertical sleeve is sheathed on the lead-out rod. The first compression spring is located between the lower piston body and the inner bottom surface of the central vertical sleeve, the upper end of the first compression spring leans against the lower piston body, and the lower end leans against the inner bottom surface of the central vertical sleeve. The distance between the inner and outer exhaust holes along the axial direction of the central vertical sleeve is smaller than the distance between the upper and lower piston bodies. When the lower end of the lower piston body abuts against the limit bump, the inner exhaust hole is located between the upper and lower piston bodies, and the outer exhaust hole is located above the upper piston body; when the upper piston body is against the central vertical sleeve When the inner top surface is used, the inner and outer exhaust holes are located between the upper and lower piston bodies.
如图1所示,连接绳索4的一端与浮力装置相连接,另一端与靠近锁紧螺母的主体杆件端部相连接,并且与浮力装置相连接的连接绳索端部固定在引出杆的下端;连接绳索的一端(即上端)与引出杆的下端相连接,另一端(即下端)与靠近锁紧螺母的主体杆件端部相连接。当各藻礁支撑体悬挂在浮力装置下方时,下活塞体的下端抵靠在限位块上。浮力装置的浮力大于浮力装置、连接绳索、主体杆件及各藻礁支撑体的重力之和。 As shown in Figure 1, one end of the connecting rope 4 is connected to the buoyancy device, the other end is connected to the end of the main body rod close to the lock nut, and the end of the connecting rope connected to the buoyancy device is fixed on the lower end of the lead-out rod ; One end (ie, the upper end) of the connecting rope is connected to the lower end of the lead-out rod, and the other end (ie, the lower end) is connected to the end of the main body rod close to the locking nut. When each algal reef supporting body is suspended below the buoyancy device, the lower end of the lower piston body leans against the limiting block. The buoyancy of the buoyancy device is greater than the sum of the gravity of the buoyancy device, the connecting ropes, the main rod and each algae reef support body.
本实用新型的水面产藻浮架的具体应用过程如下: The specific application process of the water surface algae producing floating frame of the present utility model is as follows:
第一,如图1所示,将整个水面产藻浮架下放到水域内,通过浮力装置1及连接绳索4将主体杆件及各藻礁支撑体7悬挂在水域中;并且可以通过调节连接绳索的长度来控制藻礁支撑体悬挂的深度,利用水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖。本实施例中的藻礁适用于投放深度为20至100米的海域内,其中,连接绳索的长度一般为10至50米之间;吊绳的长度大于海域的深度。 First, as shown in Figure 1, the entire water surface algae production floating frame is lowered into the water area, and the main rod and each algal reef support body 7 are suspended in the water area through the buoyancy device 1 and the connecting rope 4; and can be connected by adjusting The length of the rope is used to control the hanging depth of the algae reef support body, and the middle layer, upper middle layer or lower middle layer of the water area is used for proliferation. The algae reef in this embodiment is suitable for putting in the sea area with a depth of 20 to 100 meters, wherein the length of the connecting rope is generally between 10 and 50 meters; the length of the suspension rope is greater than the depth of the sea area.
如图1、图4所示,当本实用新型的藻礁下放到水域内后,在平静的海面(海浪较小)的情况下,在藻礁支撑体7的重力作用下连接绳索处于绷直状态,此时,藻礁支撑体7的重力将通过连接绳索4作用到上、下活塞体82、85上,从而克服第一压缩弹簧87的复位力,使下活塞体的下端抵靠在限位块86上;此时,内排气孔位于上、下两活塞体之间,外排气孔位于上活塞体上方;气囊袋3内的气体不会排除,从而保证本实用新型的藻礁悬浮在海域内,利用水域中层、中上层或中下层进行增殖。 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, when the algae reef of the present invention is lowered into the water area, under the condition of calm sea surface (small waves), the connecting rope is stretched straight under the gravity of the algae reef support body 7. state, at this moment, the gravity of the algae reef support body 7 will act on the upper and lower piston bodies 82, 85 through the connecting rope 4, thereby overcoming the reset force of the first compression spring 87, making the lower end of the lower piston body lean against the limit On the bit block 86; at this time, the inner vent is positioned between the upper and lower piston bodies, and the outer vent is positioned above the upper piston body; the gas in the airbag bag 3 will not be removed, thereby ensuring the algae reef of the present utility model Suspended in the sea area, it uses the middle, upper middle, or lower middle layers of the water to proliferate.
如图5、图6所示,在遇到海浪较大的情况下,例如出现5级大浪、6级巨浪(波高2~6米);由于浮力装置1漂浮在海面上,浮力装置将会随海浪的波动一同上下波动;当浮力装置随海浪的波动往上移动时,浮力装置将通过连接绳索4带动主体杆件及各藻礁支撑体7一同往上移动;当浮力装置随海浪往上移动至最高位置,并往随海浪往下移动时,主体杆件及各藻礁支撑体在惯性作用下很有可能还将继续上移,直至藻礁支撑体达到最高点(在浮力装置随海浪往下浮动的一段距离内,藻礁支撑体都可能持续上移,这样浮力装置1与主体杆件上端之间的间距将小于连接绳索4的长度,并且海浪越大浮力装置与主体杆件上端之间的间距的波动幅度会越大);因而在这个过程中各藻礁支撑体7的重力无法通过连接绳索4作用到上、下活塞体上,此时第一压缩弹簧87的作用下将推动上、下活塞体82、85往上移动,当内、外两排气孔81、83均位于上、下两活塞体之间时,气囊袋3内的部分气体将由内、外两排气孔排出,使浮力装置的浮力小于浮力装置与各藻礁支撑体的重力之和;此时,浮力装置1与各藻礁支撑体7将下沉到海底,从而有效避免因海浪波动较大,使得各藻礁支撑体上下浮动剧烈,而导致各藻礁支撑体上附着的海藻被破坏。 As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, in the case of large waves, such as 5-level large waves and 6-level huge waves (wave height 2 to 6 meters); since the buoyancy device 1 floats on the sea surface, the buoyancy device will Fluctuates up and down with the waves; when the buoyancy device moves up with the waves, the buoyancy device will drive the main rod and the algae support body 7 to move up together through the connecting rope 4; when the buoyancy device moves up with the waves When moving to the highest position and moving down with the waves, the main rod and the algae reef supports will probably continue to move up under the action of inertia until the algae reef supports reach the highest point (when the buoyancy device moves with the waves In a certain distance of floating down, the algae reef support body may continue to move upward, so that the distance between the buoyancy device 1 and the upper end of the main body rod will be smaller than the length of the connecting rope 4, and the greater the waves, the greater the buoyancy device and the upper end of the main body rod. The fluctuation range of the spacing between them will be larger); thus in this process, the gravity of each algae reef support body 7 cannot act on the upper and lower piston bodies through the connecting rope 4, and at this moment, under the action of the first compression spring 87, the Push the upper and lower piston bodies 82, 85 to move upwards. When the inner and outer exhaust holes 81, 83 are located between the upper and lower piston bodies, part of the gas in the airbag bag 3 will be exhausted from the inner and outer two. The hole is discharged, so that the buoyancy of the buoyancy device is less than the sum of the gravity of the buoyancy device and each algal reef support body; at this time, the buoyancy device 1 and each algae reef support body 7 will sink to the seabed, thereby effectively avoiding the larger wave fluctuations. Each algae reef support body fluctuates violently up and down, causing the seaweed attached to each algae reef support body to be destroyed.
本实用新型的水面产藻浮架在下活塞体的下端抵靠在限位凸块上后,此时的外排气孔与上活塞体之间的间距大小将决定本方案藻礁在遇到多大的海浪时,避浪引信装置才能够将气囊袋内的部分气体排出,使浮力装置与藻礁支撑体下沉。如图6所示,在下活塞体85的下端抵靠在限位凸块86上后,外排气孔83与上活塞体82之间的间距越大,则“第一压缩弹簧87推动上、下活塞体往上移动,直至内、外两排气孔均位于上、下两活塞体之间”——这个过程所需的时间越长;这就需要浮力装置与主体杆件上端之间的间距有足够大的波动幅度才行(即连接绳索的长度与浮力装置与主体杆件上端之间的间距之差足够大);因而在下活塞体的下端抵靠在限位凸块上后,外排气孔与上活塞体之间的间距越大,则需要越大的海浪波动幅度才能够使避浪引信装置将气囊袋内的部分气体排出。 After the lower end of the lower piston body of the utility model’s water surface algae-producing floating frame abuts against the limit bump, the distance between the outer vent hole and the upper piston body at this time will determine how large the algae reef will be in this program. When the waves are high, the wave-avoidance fuze device can discharge part of the gas in the airbag bag, so that the buoyancy device and the algal reef support body sink. As shown in Figure 6, after the lower end of the lower piston body 85 abuts against the limit projection 86, the larger the distance between the outer exhaust hole 83 and the upper piston body 82, the "first compression spring 87 pushes the upper, The lower piston body moves up until the inner and outer exhaust holes are located between the upper and lower piston bodies" - the longer the process takes; The spacing has a sufficiently large fluctuation range (that is, the difference between the length of the connecting rope and the distance between the buoyancy device and the upper end of the main body rod is large enough); The larger the distance between the exhaust hole and the upper piston body, the larger the wave fluctuation amplitude is needed to make the wave avoidance fuze device discharge part of the gas in the air bag.
在遇到小的海浪时,虽然浮力装置与主体杆件上端之间的间距可能此时波动(即浮力装置与主体杆件上端之间的间距将小于连接绳索的长度),使第一压缩弹簧推动上、下活塞体往上移动,但其在上活塞体还没有往上越过外排气孔时(即外排气孔还没有位于上、两下活塞体之间),各藻礁支撑体已经下沉,藻礁支撑体的重力将重新通过连接绳索作用到上、下活塞体上,克服第一压缩弹簧的复位力,使上、下活塞体往下移动,也就是说在遇到小的海浪时,其不足以使避浪引信装置将气囊袋内的部分气体排出;因而在下活塞体的下端抵靠在限位凸块上后,本方案可以通过控制外排气孔与上活塞体之间的间距大小来决定本方案藻礁在遇到多大的海浪时,避浪引信装置可以将气囊袋内的部分气体排出;使浮力装置与藻礁支撑体下沉。一般来说在遇到5级大浪、6级巨浪(波高2~6米)时,藻礁支撑体将产生剧烈的上下浮动,导致藻礁支撑体上附着的海藻被破坏;因而在遇到5级大浪、6级巨浪(波高2~6米)时,本方案的避浪引信装置可以将气囊袋内的部分气体排出;使浮力装置与藻礁支撑体下沉。 When encountering small sea waves, although the distance between the buoyancy device and the upper end of the main body rod may fluctuate at this time (that is, the distance between the buoyancy device and the upper end of the main body rod will be less than the length of the connecting rope), the first compression spring Push the upper and lower piston bodies to move upward, but when the upper piston body has not passed the outer vent hole (that is, the outer vent hole has not yet been located between the upper and lower piston bodies), each algae support body Has sunk, the gravity of the algae reef support body will act on the upper and lower piston bodies through the connecting rope again, overcome the reset force of the first compression spring, and make the upper and lower piston bodies move downward, that is to say, when encountering a small When the sea waves are high, it is not enough for the wave avoidance fuze device to discharge part of the gas in the air bag; therefore, after the lower end of the lower piston body abuts against the limit bump, this scheme can control the outer exhaust hole and the upper piston body The distance between them determines how big the sea waves are when the algae reefs of this program run into. The wave avoidance fuze device can discharge part of the gas in the airbag bag; the buoyancy device and the algae reef support body sink. Generally speaking, when encountering large waves of grade 5 and giant waves of grade 6 (wave height 2 to 6 meters), the algae reef support body will fluctuate violently up and down, causing the algae attached to the algae reef support body to be destroyed; When there are 5-level big waves and 6-level huge waves (wave height 2-6 meters), the wave avoidance fuze device of this program can discharge part of the gas in the airbag bag; make the buoyancy device and the algae reef support body sink.
当藻礁支撑体下沉的过程中,本方案的浮子将带动吊绳一同上浮;这样当海浪退去后,藻礁管理人员可以方便的通过吊绳将浮力装置,藻礁支撑体及其上的海藻一同拉起,并重新对气囊袋内充气,使整个藻礁重新漂浮在海域内,从而恢复藻场。 When the algae reef support body sinks, the floater of this scheme will drive the sling to float together; in this way, when the waves recede, the algae reef management personnel can easily lift the buoyancy device, the algae reef support body and the objects on it through the sling The algae are pulled up together, and the air bag is inflated again, so that the entire algae reef floats in the sea again, thereby restoring the algae field.
如图7所示,当本实用新型的水面产藻浮架下放到水域内后,可以分别通过牵引绳12将本实用新型的各藻礁与预设在海域内或海岸附近的固定桩11相连接;牵引绳一端与位于气囊袋下方的中央立式套筒连接,另一端与固定桩连接。牵引绳上均匀分布有若干浮力球。固定桩为固定在海域内或海岸附近的固定桩。固定桩可以与各藻礁一一对应,也可若干各藻礁与一个固定桩对应; As shown in Figure 7, when the water surface algae production floating frame of the present utility model is lowered into the water area, the algal reefs of the present utility model can be connected with the fixed piles 11 preset in the sea area or near the coast through the traction rope 12 respectively. Connection; one end of the traction rope is connected with the central vertical sleeve located below the airbag bag, and the other end is connected with the fixed pile. Several buoyancy balls are evenly distributed on the traction rope. The fixed pile is a fixed pile fixed in the sea area or near the coast. The fixed piles can correspond to each algae reef one by one, or several algae reefs can correspond to one fixed pile;
如图8所示,当本实用新型的水面产藻浮架下放到水域内后,还可以通过沉锚式法将本实用新型的藻礁限定在某一海域内。该沉锚式法包括漂浮在海面上的连接浮体13,锚15,锚绳14及牵引绳12;其中锚下沉到海底,锚绳连接锚与连接浮体;牵引绳一端与连接浮体相连接,另一端与位于气囊袋下方的中央立式套筒连接。 As shown in Fig. 8, after the water surface algae-producing floating frame of the present invention is lowered into the water area, the algae reef of the present invention can also be limited in a certain sea area by the anchor sinking method. The anchor-sinking method includes a connection floating body 13 floating on the sea surface, an anchor 15, an anchor rope 14 and a traction rope 12; wherein the anchor sinks to the seabed, and the anchor rope connects the anchor with the connection floating body; one end of the traction rope is connected with the connection floating body, The other end is connected to the central upright sleeve located below the airbag bag.
当本实用新型的藻礁下放到水域内后,还可以通过另一种沉锚式法将本实用新型的藻礁限定在某一海域内;即将锚绳固定在藻礁支撑体底部或固定在气囊袋下方的中央立式套筒侧面上,并将锚下沉到海底,并且锚绳的长度大于藻礁支撑体与海底的间距。 After the algal reef of the present utility model is lowered into the water area, the algal reef of the present utility model can also be limited in a certain sea area by another anchor sinking method; On the side of the central vertical sleeve below the airbag bag, the anchor is sunk to the seabed, and the length of the anchor rope is greater than the distance between the algae reef support body and the seabed.
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