CN204347174U - A kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation - Google Patents
A kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN204347174U CN204347174U CN201420852935.8U CN201420852935U CN204347174U CN 204347174 U CN204347174 U CN 204347174U CN 201420852935 U CN201420852935 U CN 201420852935U CN 204347174 U CN204347174 U CN 204347174U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation, for monitoring D.C. isolation situation, there is good performance.Described DC leakage flow sensor comprises oscillatory circuit, diode, bimag differential unit, the first wave filter, instrumentation amplifier, phase-sensitive detector (PSD) and the second wave filter; DC leakage flow sensor of the present utility model adopts half wave excitation, compared with traditional sensor, eliminates the frequency multiplier circuit for generation of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) reference signal, simplify circuit structure, decrease interference, reduce cost, and there is highly sensitive feature.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the insulating monitoring technical field of electron electric power equipment, more specifically, relates to a kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation.
Background technology
In electron electric power equipment, need to carry out Real-Time Monitoring to D.C. isolation situation, prevent electric leakage, to protect electronic equipment and personal safety.The DC leakage flow sensor that adopts is monitored more at present.The DC leakage current sensor of prior art, mainly based on magnetic modulation principle, around with coil on the toroidal core of high magnetic conductance, passes to pumping signal in primary winding, carries out excitatory to magnetic core, and detected DC current is through core center.When tested direct current signal is zero, the induced voltage of secondary coil is the voltage signal of waveform symmetry; When measured DC signal is non-vanishing, the magnetic field that measured DC signal produces can make the magnetic field in magnetic core that magnetic bias occurs, the induction voltage waveform of secondary coil is changed, originally symmetrical induced voltage signal becomes asymmetric, processes the detection signal that this asymmetric signal can obtain reflecting tested direct current signal size and phase place.The circuit of usual this signal of process comprises the circuit such as bandpass filtering, phase sensitive detection, frequency multiplier circuit and low-pass filtering, intercepts the second harmonic of induced voltage signal, carries out DC rectifier export direct current signal to intercepted second harmonic.The DC leakage flow sensor of existing this technology of use can obtain good measurement effect, but its signal processing circuit is complicated, disturbs larger.
Utility model content
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the utility model provides a kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation, its object is to employing half wave excitation, simplify the signal processing circuit of existing magnetic modulation DC leakage flow sensor, solve the DC leakage current sensor signal processing circuit complex structure of prior art thus, disturb larger problem.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation, and described DC leakage flow sensor comprises oscillatory circuit, diode, bimag differential unit, the first wave filter, instrumentation amplifier, phase-sensitive detector (PSD), the second wave filter and DC signal output port;
Described oscillatory circuit first output terminal connects diode input end, and the output terminal of diode connects the input end of bimag differential unit, and the input end of the first wave filter connects the output terminal of bimag differential unit; The input end of instrumentation amplifier connects the output terminal of the first wave filter; The first input end of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) connects the output terminal of instrumentation amplifier, and the reference edge of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) connects oscillatory circuit second output terminal; The output terminal of phase-sensitive detection circuit connects the input end of the second wave filter, and the output terminal of the second wave filter connects DC signal output port;
The waveform signal of the first output terminal output of described oscillatory circuit, obtains half-wave after diode shaping; The waveform signal of the second output terminal output of described oscillatory circuit is used as the reference signal of described phase-sensitive detector (PSD), and the frequency of described reference signal is identical with the frequency of the input signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD);
Described half-wave passes into bimag differential unit as pumping signal and carries out excitatory to magnetic core; Wire to be measured is through bimag differential unit, and bimag differential unit generates detection signal and outputs to the first wave filter;
Described first wave filter is used for carrying out filtering to described detection signal, and export fundamental frequency signal, described fundamental frequency refers to the frequency that oscillatory circuit outputs signal;
Described instrumentation amplifier amplifies described fundamental frequency signal, and reduces noise;
Described phase-sensitive detector (PSD) carries out detection to the fundamental frequency signal after amplification; The reference signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is directly provided by oscillatory circuit, eliminates reference signal generative circuit, avoids the interference to DC leakage flow sensor when reference signal generation circuit works;
Described second wave filter is used for the smoothing filtering of signal exported phase-sensitive detector (PSD).
Preferably, described bimag differential unit comprises the first magnetic core, the second magnetic core, primary winding coils and Secondary Winding coil; Primary winding coils is played a reversed role and is looped around on the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core, and Secondary Winding is just being gone here and there and is being looped around on the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core; Described magnetic core adopts permalloy magnet ring;
The input end of described primary winding coils, as the input end of bimag differential unit, connects the output terminal of diode; The output terminal of primary winding coils is through a current-limiting resistance ground connection; One end ground connection of Secondary Winding, the other end, as the output terminal of bimag differential unit, exports induced voltage and is linked into the first wave filter.
Preferably, described phase-sensitive detector (PSD) unit comprises the zero-crossing comparator, electronic switching circuit and the positive and negative Phase Proportion operational amplifier that connect successively.
Preferably, when described phase-sensitive detector (PSD) unit electronic switching circuit disconnects, described phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is anti-phase proportion operational amplifier, and constrained input signal phase is contrary; During described switch conduction, phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is positive proportion operational amplifier, and constrained input signal phase is identical; Reach the effect fundamental frequency signal of input being carried out to detection.
Preferably, described oscillatory circuit is any one in square-wave oscillator circuit, sine wave oscillation circuit and sawtooth wave oscillation circuit.
Preferably, described first wave filter is bandpass filter or low-pass filter.
Preferably, described first wave filter is quadravalence Butterworth bandpass filter.
Preferably, instrumentation amplifier adjustable gain, by the gain of regulating resistance size adjustment amplifier.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the utility model compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial effect:
(1) because the utility model adopts half wave excitation, make the input signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) just in time frequently same with the output signal of oscillatory circuit, and phase-sensitive detector (PSD) needs one with the same reference signal frequently of its input signal just to ensure its detection, therefore the reference signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) directly can be provided by oscillatory circuit, thus omit the reference signal generation circuits such as frequency multiplier circuit, to the interference of sensor when avoiding reference signal generation circuit to work, reach and reduce interference, propose highly sensitive effect, also can reduce sensor cost;
(2) detection signal of Secondary Winding coil output is large in the fundamental frequency signal amplitude obtained after the first wave filter, after amplifying through instrumentation amplifier, is easier to detect, improves the sensitivity of sensor;
(3) because the utility model adopts half wave excitation, under half wave excitation, detection signal frequency filtering is fundamental frequency, utilize the low-pass filter of corresponding frequencies also can reach filter effect for first-harmonic, therefore in preferred version of the present invention, first wave filter adopts low-pass filter, can simplify circuit further and reduce costs;
(4) the instrumentation amplifier circuit in the utility model preferred version has very high common-mode rejection ratio, its high cmrr is utilized to be separated from noise by fundamental frequency signal, reduce noise while amplifying fundamental frequency signal, improve the sensitivity of sensor;
(5) in preferred version of the present utility model, oscillatory circuit can select any one in sine wave oscillation circuit, sawtooth wave oscillation circuit and square-wave oscillator circuit flexibly; When adopting sine wave oscillation circuit, sine wave oscillation circuit structure is simple, and circuit cost is low; Sawtooth wave oscillation circuit is adopted to be beneficial to the fault analysis of circuit; When adopting square-wave oscillator circuit, the square wave of generation obtains half square wave after diode, and half square wave can obtain good sensitivity as the excitation of magnetic core;
(6) preferred version of the present utility model adopts quadravalence Butterworth bandpass filter as the first wave filter, due to the product that quadravalence Butterworth bandpass filter full gain is gain per stage, therefore total amplitude-frequency response eliminates peak value, the flat of quadravalence circuit amplitude-frequency response is expanded, selects it can to detection signal good filtering clutter in base frequency range as filtering circuit;
(7) DC signal output port of the present utility model, cushions the output signal of the second wave filter, and the output interface providing the utility model DC leakage flow sensor external.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction figure of the utility model DC leakage current sensor embodiment;
The circuit diagram of the phase-sensitive detector (PSD) of Fig. 2 the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the utility model involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
The DC leakage flow sensor basic circuit structure of the utility model embodiment 1 as shown in Figure 1, comprises square-wave oscillator circuit 1, diode 2, primary winding coils 8, Secondary Winding coil 9, two magnetic cores, bandpass filter 3, instrumentation amplifier 4, phase-sensitive detector (PSD) 5, low-pass filter 6, DC signal output mouths 7; Bimag adopts the low saturated permalloy of high magnetic conductance, and primary winding coils 8 is played a reversed role and is looped around on magnetic core, and Secondary Winding coil 9 is just being gone here and there and is being looped around on magnetic core.
Oscillatory circuit in the present embodiment can adopt any one in square-wave oscillator circuit, sine wave oscillation circuit and sawtooth wave oscillation circuit, when oscillatory circuit is square-wave oscillator circuit, the square-wave signal of the first output terminal output of square-wave oscillator circuit 1, obtains half square wave after diode 2 shaping; This half square wave is carried out excitatory as pumping signal access primary winding coils 8 to two magnetic cores; Meanwhile, the square-wave signal of square-wave oscillator circuit 1 second output terminal output is also for phase-sensitive detector (PSD) 5 provides reference signal.
Measured signal I
1through magnetic core, work as I
1when being zero, the non-inductive voltage in Secondary Winding coil 9 two ends; Work as I
1time non-vanishing, measured signal I
1produce magnetic bias, in Secondary Winding coil 9, generate induced voltage, described induced voltage, as detection signal, is linked into bandpass filter 3 and carries out fundamental frequency filtering, exports fundamental frequency signal; Fundamental frequency signal is input to instrumentation amplifier 4 and amplifies, and reduces noise simultaneously; Fundamental frequency signal after amplification passes into phase-sensitive detector (PSD) 5, and the square-wave signal that phase-sensitive detector (PSD) 5 adopts square-wave oscillator circuit 1 to produce, as with reference to signal, carries out detection to fundamental frequency signal, and output rectified signal enters the smoothing filtering of low-pass filter 6 and obtains direct current signal.
Because phase-sensitive detector (PSD) needs one with the same reference signal frequently of input signal to ensure its normal detection, and the present invention adopts half wave excitation bimag differential unit, make the input signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) 5 just in time frequently same with the output signal of square-wave oscillator circuit 1, therefore the reference signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) 5 directly can be provided by square-wave oscillator circuit 1, thus can the reference signal generation circuits such as frequency multiplier circuit be omitted, it also avoid the interference to sensor circuit when reference signal generation circuit works, reach and reduce interference, propose highly sensitive effect, also can reduce sensor cost.
The DC leakage flow sensor process detection signal of the present embodiment, by detection signal after filtering, amplify, detection and smothing filtering, obtain direct current signal; Coupling between each element circuit and element circuit, makes this sensor while the good measurement effect of guarantee, also simplify signal processing circuit, reduce interference, improve sensitivity.
In the present embodiment, the first wave filter adopts bandpass filter 3, and its effect carries out filtering to the induced voltage produced in bimag Secondary Winding, exports fundamental frequency signal; Fundamental frequency refers to the frequency of square-wave signal.Preferably, the bandpass filter that the present embodiment adopts is quadravalence Butterworth bandpass filter, and first half is low-pass filter, and latter half is Hi-pass filter; The frequency response curve in passband of quadravalence Butterworth bandpass filter is level and smooth, does not does not rise and fall, then drops to zero gradually at suppressed frequency band; Its full gain is the product of gain per stage, and therefore total amplitude-frequency response eliminates peak value makes the flat of quadravalence circuit amplitude-frequency response be expanded; Select its as filtering circuit can in base frequency range good filtering clutter.
Bandpass filter 3 in the present embodiment can replace with low-pass filter, reason is that half wave excitation that the present invention proposes makes detection signal frequency filtering be fundamental frequency, utilize the low-pass filter of corresponding frequencies also can reach filter effect for first-harmonic, adopt low-pass filter then can reduce costs further.
The instrumentation amplifier of the present embodiment adopts operational amplifier LM324AD to realize, and amplifies, reduce noise simultaneously for the fundamental frequency signal exported the first wave filter.
Phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is the key component of magnetic modulation type sensor, its effect be to amplify after fundamental frequency signal carry out detection.Fig. 2 shows the circuit diagram of the phase-sensitive detector (PSD) 5 of the present embodiment, and in Fig. 2, amplifier B, filter capacitor C10 and current-limiting resistance R31 form zero-crossing comparator; Diode D1, current-limiting resistance R32 and field effect transistor Q1 form electronic switching circuit; Amplifier A, current-limiting resistance R23, R24 and feedback resistance R25, R26 form positive and negative proportion operational amplifier;
In Fig. 2, A3 port is the input end of phase-sensitive detector (PSD), is connected with the output terminal of instrumentation amplifier; In the present embodiment, the frequency input signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is fundamental frequency, frequently same with the output signal of square-wave oscillator circuit 1; A4 port is the reference signal input end of phase-sensitive detector (PSD), connects the second delivery outlet of square-wave oscillator circuit 1, and the square-wave signal produced by square-wave oscillator circuit is used as the reference signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD); A5 port is the signal output part of phase-sensitive detector (PSD), connects the second wave filter;
The course of work of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is specially: when the control voltage of diode D1 positive pole is high level, diode D1 ends, field effect transistor Q1 grid G is low level, switching tube ends, be equivalent to switch disconnect, now phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is anti-phase proportion operational amplifier, and constrained input signal phase is contrary; When diode D1 positive pole control voltage is low level, diode D1 conducting, switching tube Q1 grid G is high level, and switching tube conducting, is equivalent to switch connection, and now, phase-sensitive detector (PSD) is in-phase proportion operational amplifier, and constrained input signal phase is identical; Reach detecting action.
In the present embodiment, the second wave filter adopts low-pass filter, and the smoothing filtering of the rectified signal for exporting phase-sensitive detector (PSD), finally obtains direct current signal; Its output port is DC signal output port.
Square-wave oscillator circuit in the present embodiment can replace with sine wave oscillation circuit or sawtooth wave oscillation circuit, can be selected according to demand by user; When adopting sine wave oscillation circuit, sine wave oscillation circuit structure is simple, and circuit cost is low; Sawtooth wave oscillation circuit is adopted to be beneficial to the fault analysis of circuit; When adopting square-wave oscillator circuit, what the square wave of generation obtained after diode is half square wave, and half square wave can obtain good sensitivity as the excitation of magnetic core.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all do within spirit of the present utility model and principle any amendment, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation, it is characterized in that, described DC leakage flow sensor comprises oscillatory circuit, diode, bimag differential unit, the first wave filter, instrumentation amplifier, phase-sensitive detector (PSD), the second wave filter and DC signal output port;
Described oscillatory circuit first output terminal connects diode input end, and the output terminal of diode connects the input end of bimag differential unit, and the input end of the first wave filter connects the output terminal of bimag differential unit; The input end of instrumentation amplifier connects the output terminal of the first wave filter; The first input end of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) connects the output terminal of instrumentation amplifier, and the reference edge of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) connects oscillatory circuit second output terminal; The output terminal of phase-sensitive detection circuit connects the input end of the second wave filter, and the output terminal of the second wave filter connects DC signal output port;
The waveform signal of the first output terminal output of described oscillatory circuit, obtains half-wave after diode shaping; The waveform signal of the second output terminal output of described oscillatory circuit is used as the reference signal of described phase-sensitive detector (PSD), and the frequency of described reference signal is identical with the frequency of the input signal of phase-sensitive detector (PSD).
2. DC leakage flow sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described bimag differential unit comprises the first magnetic core, the second magnetic core, primary winding coils and Secondary Winding coil; Primary winding coils is played a reversed role and is looped around on the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core, and Secondary Winding is just being gone here and there and is being looped around on the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core; Described magnetic core adopts permalloy magnet ring;
The input end of described primary winding coils, as the input end of bimag differential unit, connects the output terminal of diode; The output terminal of primary winding coils is through a current-limiting resistance ground connection; One end ground connection of Secondary Winding, the other end, as the output terminal of bimag differential unit, exports induced voltage and is linked into the first wave filter.
3. DC leakage flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described phase-sensitive detector (PSD) unit comprises the zero-crossing comparator, electronic switching circuit and the positive and negative proportion operational amplifier that connect successively.
4. DC leakage flow sensor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described oscillatory circuit is any one in square-wave oscillator circuit, sine wave oscillation circuit and sawtooth wave oscillation circuit.
5. DC leakage flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described first wave filter is bandpass filter or low-pass filter.
6. DC leakage flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described first wave filter is quadravalence Butterworth bandpass filter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420852935.8U CN204347174U (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | A kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation |
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| CN201420852935.8U CN204347174U (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | A kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104515931A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-15 | 华中科技大学 | Direct-current leakage current sensor based on magnetic modulation |
| CN104914289A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-16 | 国家电网公司 | Device for measuring direct current and method |
| CN105403749A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2016-03-16 | 宁波星成电子有限公司 | Differential leakage current sensor |
| CN106950408A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-07-14 | 国网浙江省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of high-accuracy wide-range Vehicular direct-current electric energy meter |
| WO2020258688A1 (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-12-30 | 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 | Micro-fluxgate sensor |
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2014
- 2014-12-26 CN CN201420852935.8U patent/CN204347174U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104515931A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-15 | 华中科技大学 | Direct-current leakage current sensor based on magnetic modulation |
| CN104515931B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-12-22 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of DC leakage flow sensor based on magnetic modulation |
| CN104914289A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-16 | 国家电网公司 | Device for measuring direct current and method |
| CN104914289B (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2017-03-08 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of method of measurement DC current |
| CN105403749A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2016-03-16 | 宁波星成电子有限公司 | Differential leakage current sensor |
| CN106950408A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-07-14 | 国网浙江省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of high-accuracy wide-range Vehicular direct-current electric energy meter |
| WO2020258688A1 (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-12-30 | 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 | Micro-fluxgate sensor |
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