CN204334269U - A kind of magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

A kind of magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204334269U
CN204334269U CN201420684354.8U CN201420684354U CN204334269U CN 204334269 U CN204334269 U CN 204334269U CN 201420684354 U CN201420684354 U CN 201420684354U CN 204334269 U CN204334269 U CN 204334269U
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magnetic
motor
permanent magnet
stator
rotor
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CN201420684354.8U
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Inventor
刘细平
王敏
徐晨
周佩云
姜志峰
陈栋
章超
曾剑
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Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
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Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The utility model is that a kind of magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, is made up of motor body and mechanical magnetic regulating device; Motor body is made up of internal stator and external rotor, and internal stator comprises salient pole stator core, armature winding, and external rotor comprises U-shaped unit rotor core and permanent magnet; Stator and external rotor are coaxially installed, and multiple U-shaped unit rotor core is assembled into a loop configuration, and the permanent magnet that N and S magnetic pole replaces distributes alternately in the middle of adjacent U-shaped unit rotor core, permanent magnet cutting orientation magnetizing; Mechanical magnetic regulating device is installed outside external rotor.The utility model is theoretical by machine driving, magnetic flux switching principle merges mutually with magneto, when ensureing that power of motor density is certain, utilize mechanically operated mode effectively can change the power of operating fields in motor, overcome the shortcoming of existing rotor permanent magnet type machinery adjustable magnetic motor, effectively solve the defect that Magneticflux-switching type magneto air-gap field regulates difficulty.

Description

A kind of magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of magnetic-leakage type machinery and becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing.
Background technology
Along with new forms of energy and renewable energy comprehensive utilize and the improving constantly of Exploitation degree, the stable quality of power supply or wider electric machine speed regulation scope can be provided to become the key factor determining energy conversion efficiency gradually, and the motor-field of flexible is one of important technical ensureing high efficiency of energy conversion.
Flux switch motor is along with the change of rotor-position, its magnetic flux meeting switching path automatically, make to change through the flux polarity of coil and size, thus produce the induced electromotive force of alternation, this type of motor has the advantages such as volume is little, lightweight, reliable operation, cooling convenience, high power density and greater efficiency, is widely used in fields such as electric automobile, wind power generation, elevator drive and Aero-Space.But the magnetic field substantially constant of this type of motor, when high speed operation of motor, is difficult to carry out weak magnetics detect to magnetic field, restricts it and further develop.
Machinery adjustable magnetic motor is the class Novel permanent-magnet motor realizing motor-field flexible, it is characterized by and utilize the regular motion of mechanical transmission component, to regulate motor-field strong and weak, change winding synthesis induced electromotive force size, thus realize Novel magnetic field regulative mode that is mechanical, electrical, magnetic three coupling.In recent years, through the continuous effort of domestic and international experts and scholars, in succession propose the mechanical adjustable magnetic permagnetic synchronous motor of the various topological structures such as air gap adjustment type, rotor adjustment type, centrifugal, magnetic-leakage type.Result of study shows, it is large that existing mechanical adjustable magnetic permagnetic synchronous motor majority exists permanent magnet consumption, and the low and mechanical speed-control device of rotor core utilance controls the shortcomings such as difficulty is large.
Arranging leakage field magnetic circuit is become a kind of normal method that magnetic flow permanent magnet motor realizes flux control.But in existing magnetic-leakage type machinery adjustable magnetic magneto, all adopt traditional permagnetic synchronous motor, magnetic regulating device is all installed in rotor core, rotor core utilance and mechanical strength lower.Based on this, the utility model merges the advantage of flux switch motor and mechanical adjustable magnetic motor innovatively, it is made to ensure under the prerequisite that electric efficiency is higher, utilize the principle of mechanical adjustable magnetic to realize the generating of wide region constant voltage or constant-power speed regulation driving, propose a kind of magnetic-leakage type based on magnetic flux switching principle machinery and become flux permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Utility model content
Technical problem: technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor topological structure being suitable for utilizing mechanical drive mode adjustable magnetic.Determine the best adjustable magnetic mode of this motor topology structure, and the increasing magnetic analyzed under mechanical adjustable magnetic mode and weak magnetic mechanism, provide a kind of and merge the mechanical transmission component that motor body also effectively can regulate magnetic flux in motor.
Technical scheme: magnetic-leakage type machinery of the present utility model becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor and is made up of motor body and mechanical magnetic regulating device.Motor stator is made up of salient pole stator core and armature winding, and stator core adopts permeability magnetic material to make, and stator tooth circumference is uniformly distributed; Rotor is assemblied to form by several U-shaped unit core, and permanent magnet is embedded in the middle of adjacent rotor unit core, alternately cutting orientation magnetizing, and permanent magnet selects Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material; Install mechanical magnetic regulating device outside rotor, it mainly comprises the formations such as adjustable magnetic block, rotating disk, wheel hub, cam, camshaft, treadle and spring; Wheel hub is coaxially installed on machine shaft, can with rotor synchronous rotary; Treadle and rotating disk, adjustable magnetic block and rotating disk and being between camshaft and wheel hub is rigidly connected; Cam can rotate arbitrarily around camshaft; Spring one end is fixed on wheel hub, and the other end is connected with cam; Rotating disk and rotating shaft are installed by bearing, can rotate arbitrarily relative to rotating shaft; Adjustable magnetic block adopts permeability magnetic material, and rotating disk, wheel hub and cam etc. adopt non-magnet material to make, and motor shaft adopts non-magnetic conductive steel; Motor, without excitation winding, can realize motor high efficiency and high power density on the basis completely without exciting power loss.
Motor specific works principle is as follows:
When motor operates in below base speed, under the cam of mechanical magnetic regulating device reaches stress balance situation, not yet promote treadle generation relative displacement, namely adjustable magnetic block is positioned at home position.Motor provides magnetomotive force by embedding permanent magnet loose in unit rotor core, according to the principle that motor magnetic circuit reluctance is minimum, machine operation is in magnetic flux switching state, overwhelming majority magnetic flux is by permanent magnet N pole, through U-shaped unit rotor core, air gap, stator tooth, stator core, adjacent stator tooth, air gap, adjacent U-shaped unit rotor core, return permanent magnet S pole.When stator tooth aligns with one of them unit rotor tooth, maximum by the magnetic flux of armature coil; Along with the change of rotor-position, when stator tooth aligns with permanent magnet or rotor, be zero by the magnetic flux of armature coil.As can be seen here, when rotor rotates a pole span, motor experienced by an electric cycle, can be cyclic variation along with the change of rotor-position, as shown in Figure 5 by the magnetic linkage of armature winding.
When motor runs on more than base speed, motor speed is larger, cam centrifugal force is also relatively large, for reaching new balance point, the cam of machinery magnetic regulating device then can promote treadle and offset along predetermined trajectory, now magnetic regulating device rotating disk rotates relative to rotating shaft, and namely adjustable magnetic block is relative to rotor turns certain angle, for motor provides leakage field loop.The air-gap field of motor is still produced by permanent magnet, but a part of magnetic flux forms leakage magnetic circuit by adjustable magnetic block, and another part magnetic flux still becomes main flux by above-mentioned magnetic circuit.Therefore, effective magnetic linkage of armature winding linkage reduces, and winding induced electromotive force is corresponding reduction also, and now mechanical magnetic regulating device plays weak magnetic action to motor, as shown in Figure 6.Due to the arc shaped tile chip architecture of adjustable magnetic block, the gas length between itself and rotor is uneven, and motor flux leakage road magnetic resistance is adjustable.Along with the rising of motor speed, the angle that adjustable magnetic block rotates constantly becomes large, and leakage reluctance then constantly reduces, and the rising along with rotating speed reduces by the useful flux that permanent magnet provides, thus realizes electric motor constant pressure output.
Beneficial effect: because mechanical adjustable magnetic motor can regulate magnetic flux easily by suitable mechanical speed-control device, has broken the thoughtcast that the electric excitation of employing carries out adjustable magnetic completely.Shortcomings such as meanwhile, also can overcoming mixed excitation electric machine complex structure, additional air gap is many, the comparatively large and power density of excitation loss is lower.
Rotor adopts U-shaped unit rotor core structure, can simplified manufacturing technique greatly.Stator structure is simple, and armature winding is positioned on stator, saves brush and slip ring structure, runs by property high; Based on magnetic flux switching principle, motor adopts double-salient-pole structure, compact conformation.
Motor is without the need to adjustable magnetic winding, and eliminate the excitation con-trol algorithm of relative complex, what reduce control system realizes difficulty, and the basis completely without exciting power loss realizes motor high efficiency and high power density.The utility model adopts outside rotor, installs mechanical adjustable magnetic parts, and based on centrifugal principle, the change according to motor speed carries out automatic synchronization adjustment to motor internal magnetic field intensity, has good adjustable magnetic effect, and can realize magnetic field bidirectional modulation.Machinery magnetic regulating device does not need extra power to drive, and without supplementary load loss, does not affect the energy conversion efficiency of motor.
The utility model by adopting outer-rotor structure, and by Design of Permanent Magnet on external rotor, makes motor become a kind of external rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine.Relative to existing rotor permanent magnet type machinery adjustable magnetic motor, achieve the mechanical isolation of mechanical magnetic regulating device and rotor, influencing each other between motor movement parts can be reduced to a certain extent, effectively can ensure the utilance of rotor core.
In sum, the utility model is theoretical by machine driving, magnetic flux switching principle merges mutually with magneto, when ensureing that power of motor density is certain, utilize mechanically operated mode effectively can change the power of operating fields in motor, overcome the shortcoming of existing rotor permanent magnet type machinery adjustable magnetic motor, effective solution Magneticflux-switching type magneto air-gap field regulates the defect of difficulty, is the novel change flux permanent magnet synchronous motor that a class can be applicable to generating voltage-stabilized electricity by use and variable speed drives field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor overall structure figure;
Fig. 2 is that magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor profile;
Fig. 3 is that magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor bulk junction composition;
Fig. 4 is mechanical magnetic regulating device structure chart;
Fig. 5 is unit motor magnetic circuit planar development schematic diagram (below base speed);
Fig. 6 is unit motor magnetic circuit planar development schematic diagram (more than base speed)
Have in Fig. 1,2: stator 1, rotor 2, stator core 3, armature winding 4, U-shaped unit rotor core 5, permanent magnet, 6, adjustable magnetic block 7, rotating disk 8, treadle 9, wheel hub 10, cam 11, camshaft 12, spring 13.
Have in Fig. 3: stator 1, rotor 2, stator core 3, armature winding 4, U-shaped unit rotor core 5, permanent magnet 6.
Have in Fig. 4: adjustable magnetic block 7, rotating disk 8, treadle 9, wheel hub 10, cam 11, camshaft 12, spring 13.
Have in Fig. 5,6: stator 1, rotor 2, stator core 3, armature winding 4, U-shaped unit rotor core 5, permanent magnet, 6, adjustable magnetic block 7.
Embodiment
This motor adopts the radial structure of single stator/single rotor, and stator and rotor coaxial are installed.Motor body is 12/10 rotor permanent magnet type permagnetic synchronous motor, and as shown in Figure 3, stator is made up of salient pole stator core and armature winding, and 12 stator tooths are uniformly distributed; Armature winding adopts concentratred winding, is wound on stator tooth; Rotor is assembled by 10 U-shaped unit rotor cores; Embed high-performance permanent magnet in the middle of adjacent cells rotor core, permanent magnet replaces cutting orientation magnetizing; Be provided with mechanical magnetic regulating device outside rotor, wheel hub, rotating disk and rotor are coaxially installed; Treadle and rotating disk, adjustable magnetic block and rotating disk and being between camshaft and wheel hub is rigidly connected; Spring one end is fixed on wheel hub, and the other end is connected with cam, makes that cam is stressed reaches dynamic equilibrium; Due to the particularity of cam curve profile design, make rotor when base speed rotates below, even if the stressed of cam there occurs change, also can not leave balance point and promote treadle and offset, cause adjustable magnetic block can rotate certain angle relative to rotor; Adjustable magnetic block adopts arc shaped tile chip architecture, as shown in Figure 4, regulates motor flux leakage magnetic resistance, effectively control machine operation magnetic field by the gas length changed between adjustable magnetic block and stator; For improving the operational reliability of magnetic regulating device, it adopts the double-cam structure that structural shape and material properties are all identical.
As shown in Figure 1, magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor and forms primarily of motor body and mechanical magnetic regulating device, and it mainly comprises: stator 1, rotor 2, stator core 3, armature winding 4, U-shaped unit rotor core 5, permanent magnet 6, adjustable magnetic block 7, rotating disk 8, treadle 9, wheel hub 10, cam 11, camshaft 12, spring 13 etc.Motor stator adopts salient-pole structure, comprises stator core 3, the parts such as armature winding 4; Rotor adopts a kind of back-to-back structural shape, comprises U-shaped unit rotor core 5, the parts such as permanent magnet 6, as shown in Figure 3; Stator core is fixed on motor housing, and stators and rotators is coaxially installed, and bearing is fixed on electric motor end cap; Machinery magnetic regulating device is placed in outside rotor, mainly comprises adjustable magnetic block 7, rotating disk 8, treadle 9, wheel hub 10, cam 11, camshaft 12, the parts such as spring 13, as shown in Figure 4; Cam 11 is fixed on camshaft 12, can rotate freely around camshaft 12, promotes rotating disk 8 adjustable magnetic block is produced relative rotation by treadle 9; Treadle 9 and rotating disk 8, adjustable magnetic block 7 is all rigidly connected with wheel hub 10 with rotating disk 8 and camshaft 12; Wheel hub is fixed in spring 13 one end, and the other end is fixed on cam 11, makes cam 11 reach stress balance.
Stator core 3 and U-shaped unit rotor core 5 are axially overrided to form by silicon steel sheet, and material can select 0.5mm thick 50W470 cold rolling non-orientation silicon steel sheet.
Permanent magnet 6 is directly pasted onto between adjacent U-shaped unit rotor core 5, and adds aluminium alloy firmware; Electric motor internal stator 1 and external rotor 2 are coaxially installed.
In Fig. 1 and 3, stator poles is 12, and rotor number of poles is 10.
Machinery magnetic regulating device adopts the double-cam structure that structural shape is all identical with material properties; Machine shaft and rotating disk 8, treadle 9, wheel hub 10, cam 11, camshaft 12, spring 13, for avoiding leakage field, is made by non-magnet_conductible material, can adopt stainless steel material.Adjustable magnetic block provides leakage field magnetic circuit for motor, adopts and is made up of permeability magnetic material, can adopt magnetic conduction steel.
In addition, consider from raising motor gas-gap magnetic is close with the thermal stability of permanent magnet, selection has the material of Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material as motor permanent magnet of higher HCJ and residual flux density.

Claims (5)

1. magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes a flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is characterized in that, is made up of motor body and mechanical magnetic regulating device;
Described motor body is made up of internal stator (1) and external rotor (2) two parts, described internal stator (1) is made up of salient pole stator core (3), armature winding (4), and described external rotor (2) is made up of U-shaped unit rotor core (5) and permanent magnet (6);
Described stator (1) adopts internal stator structure, and described stator core (3) is salient-pole structure, and structure is simple; Described armature winding (4) is wrapped on the stator tooth of stator core (3);
Described stator (1) and external rotor (2) are coaxially installed, described multiple U-shaped unit rotor core (5) is assembled into a loop configuration, the permanent magnet (6) that described N and S magnetic pole replaces distributes alternately in the middle of adjacent U-shaped unit rotor core (5), permanent magnet (6) cutting orientation magnetizing;
Described external rotor (2) outside is provided with mechanical magnetic regulating device, and this device is made up of adjustable magnetic block (7), rotating disk (8), treadle (9), wheel hub (10), cam (11), camshaft (12) and spring (13); Described adjustable magnetic block (7) is fixed on rotating disk (8), and is positioned at outside motor stator; Described rotating disk (8) and wheel hub (10) are positioned at the left side of external rotor (2) and coaxially install, and rotating disk and rotating shaft are installed by bearing; Described cam (11) is installed on wheel hub (10) by camshaft (12), described treadle (9) is fixed on rotating disk (8), described spring (13) two ends are connected with wheel hub (10) with cam (11) respectively, the stretching of spring (13) of being moved by the rotating band of cam (11).
2. magnetic-leakage type machinery according to claim 1 becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: utilize mechanical speed-control device that adjustable magnetic block (7) is rotated, for motor provides leakage field magnetic circuit, change according to motor speed carries out adjusted in concert to motor internal magnetic field intensity, and can realize magnetic field bidirectional modulation.
3. magnetic-leakage type machinery according to claim 1 becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: stator core (3) is installed in rotating shaft by bearing, and is fixed on motor housing; Armature winding (4) adopts concentratred winding, and circumference is wound on stator tooth.
4. magnetic-leakage type machinery according to claim 1 becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: wheel hub (10) is coaxially installed on machine shaft, can with external rotor (2) synchronous rotary; Rotating disk (8) is installed in rotating shaft by bearing, and can rotate arbitrarily with rotating shaft; Adjustable magnetic block (7) and rotating disk (8), treadle (9) and rotating disk (8) and being between camshaft (12) and wheel hub (10) is rigidly connected; Cam (11) can rotate arbitrarily around camshaft (12); Spring (13) one end is fixed on wheel hub (10), and the other end is connected with cam (11); Machinery magnetic regulating device adopts the double-cam structure that structural shape is all identical with material properties.
5. magnetic-leakage type machinery according to claim 1 becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, it is characterized in that: adjustable magnetic block (7) adopts arc shaped tile chip architecture, circumference is evenly fixed on rotating disk (8), can rotate relative to rotor, and gas length outside rotor core and between adjustable magnetic block (7) is uneven.
CN201420684354.8U 2014-11-14 2014-11-14 A kind of magnetic-leakage type machinery becomes flux permanent magnet synchronous motor Expired - Fee Related CN204334269U (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104659996A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-05-27 江西理工大学 Magnetic leakage type mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor
CN105356679A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-02-24 江苏大学 Design method of flux-switching outer rotor motor based on electric heating two-way coupling
CN107769502A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-06 西安理工大学 A kind of rotor permanent magnet type composite excitation axial magnetic flux switch permanent magnet motor
US9998062B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2018-06-12 Rolls-Royce Plc Axial flux permanent magnet machine
CN110797611A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-02-14 西安空间无线电技术研究所 Compact microwave switch position state indicating mechanism
CN113315274A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-27 郑州大学 Direct insertion type slot conductor variable magnetic pole magnetic field modulation composite motor
CN113315269A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-27 河北工业大学 Stator type permanent magnet synchronous motor with flux weakening function
CN113555986A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-10-26 江苏大学 High-mechanical robustness magnetic field modulation type radial permanent magnet motor and multi-harmonic optimization design method thereof

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104659996A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-05-27 江西理工大学 Magnetic leakage type mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor
CN105356679A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-02-24 江苏大学 Design method of flux-switching outer rotor motor based on electric heating two-way coupling
CN105356679B (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-11-17 江苏大学 The design method of magnetic flux switching external rotor electric machine based on electric heating bidirectional couple
US9998062B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2018-06-12 Rolls-Royce Plc Axial flux permanent magnet machine
CN107769502A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-03-06 西安理工大学 A kind of rotor permanent magnet type composite excitation axial magnetic flux switch permanent magnet motor
CN107769502B (en) * 2017-11-23 2020-02-14 西安理工大学 Rotor permanent magnet type hybrid excitation axial flux switching permanent magnet motor
CN110797611A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-02-14 西安空间无线电技术研究所 Compact microwave switch position state indicating mechanism
CN110797611B (en) * 2019-09-27 2021-10-01 西安空间无线电技术研究所 Compact microwave switch position state indicating mechanism
CN113315269A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-27 河北工业大学 Stator type permanent magnet synchronous motor with flux weakening function
CN113315274A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-27 郑州大学 Direct insertion type slot conductor variable magnetic pole magnetic field modulation composite motor
CN113315274B (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-08-12 郑州大学 Direct insertion type slot conductor variable magnetic pole magnetic field modulation composite motor
CN113555986A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-10-26 江苏大学 High-mechanical robustness magnetic field modulation type radial permanent magnet motor and multi-harmonic optimization design method thereof

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Granted publication date: 20150513

Termination date: 20161114