CN204320092U - A kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate - Google Patents

Abstract

A flue gas scrubbing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice, including a tower body, a circulating liquid storage tank arranged under the tower body, and a zoom-shaped orifice plate, a spray layer and a demister are arranged in sequence from bottom to top inside the tower body The lower part of the tower body is provided with a flue gas inlet, the top is provided with an absorption tower outlet, and the pipeline connected between the circulating liquid storage tank and the spray layer of the tower body is provided with a slurry circulation pump, a flow control valve and a flow meter in sequence; The oxidizing slurry film is sprayed downward from the layer, and the zoom-shaped orifice plate fully mixes the upward flue gas and the spray liquid descending along the wall and exchanges heat and mass. During the gas-liquid collision process, the liquid film is torn and the gas-liquid mixture is obliquely Punch out of the inner hole of the expanding orifice plate and enter the space between the spray layer and the zoom-shaped orifice plate, so that the liquid film is in the state of secondary atomization, which further strengthens the gas-liquid collision and mixing.

Description

A flue gas scrubbing mechanism with zoom-shaped orifice

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of flue gas pollutant purification, washing, desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal, in particular to a flue gas washing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice plate.

Background technique

Due to the extensive use of coal in our country, a large amount of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and dust are discharged. These pollutants can react with each other or other pollutants in the atmosphere, resulting in serious air pollution and endangering human existence. The environment, which is also the main source of atmospheric haze phenomenon, hinders the sustainable development of the country's economy. The state's latest flue gas emission standards for thermal power plants and industrial boilers put forward stricter requirements on the emission concentration of dust, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides and other pollutant gases.

At present, desulfurization tower, SCR and wet electrostatic precipitator are used to remove pollutants in flue gas, especially sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and dust. In order to make the flue gas meet the emission standards, these pollutants must be removed. The combination of these processes not only has a huge economic cost but also takes up a large physical space. Therefore, simultaneous desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal in one system undoubtedly has greater advantages and application prospects.

In the industrial process waste gas treatment system, the flue gas scrubber is an effective device for removing particulate matter and pollutant gas components. The basic principle is to inject absorption slurry into the gas, so that the pollutant gas contained in the exhaust gas is fully mixed with the injected absorption slurry, and a corresponding reaction occurs, so that the pollutant gas components can be separated and removed from the flue gas.

In the existing flue gas scrubbing device, the flow velocity of the flue gas is extremely uneven in the same section of the tower, and the flow velocity is high in some areas and low in some areas. The solution is to arrange perforated plates in the tower to optimize the distribution of the flue gas flow field in the tower, improve the degree of inhomogeneity in the tower, and improve the mixing of liquid and gas to enhance heat and mass transfer. However, the existing perforated plates all use a large number of columnar cavities distributed on the plate surface, which can play the role of flow equalization, but the gas disturbance is not strong enough, and the reaction with the slurry is not strong enough, and the absorption effect of the slurry on the pollution components cannot be fully exerted. And the current flue gas scrubber only has a single removal effect, and cannot desulfurize, denitrify and remove dust at the same time.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a flue gas scrubbing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice, which is composed of a tapered orifice, a cylindrical orifice and a gradual discharge hole. The stacked composition of plates can effectively increase the velocity of the flue gas flowing through the inner surface of the hole, thereby effectively enhancing the disturbance of the flue gas, and setting a disturbance in the cylindrical hole that can enhance the disturbance of the flue gas and promote the secondary atomization of the washing liquid film. Flow atomization structure, this kind of turbulent atomization structure destroys or thins the liquid film produced when the washing slurry flows through the inner surface of the cylindrical hole, and then is carried up by the accelerated and disturbed smoke and further tears the atomization, even if the washing The slurry produces secondary atomization to realize the full mixing reaction of flue gas and washing slurry. Moreover, the washing slurry has an oxidative function, which can simultaneously desulfurize, denitrify and remove dust, reduce the economic cost of separate removal equipment, and have significant advantages in the integrated treatment of tail gas in industrial processes.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A flue gas scrubbing mechanism with zoom-shaped orifice plates, including a tower body 3, a circulating liquid storage tank 1 arranged below the tower body 3, and zoom-shaped orifice plates 4 are sequentially arranged inside the tower body 3 from bottom to top , spray layer 7 and demister 5, the lower part of the tower body 3 is provided with a flue gas inlet 2, and the top is provided with an absorption tower outlet 6, the pipe connected between the circulating liquid storage tank 1 and the spray layer 7 of the tower body 3 A slurry circulation pump 10, a flow control valve 9 and a flow meter 8 are sequentially arranged on the road; the zoom-shaped orifice 4 is superimposed by a tapered orifice 4-1, a cylindrical porous plate 4-2 and an expanding orifice 4-3 The composition and thickness are adjusted according to the actual situation, and the zoom holes formed by superposition are arranged in a uniform array on the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4 or adjusted to an uneven arrangement according to the unevenness of the flue gas; the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4 is tapered. The tapering hole of the orifice plate 4-1 is the same or different from the tapering angle of the expanding hole of the expanding orifice plate 4-3, or is processed into a countersink or a cylindrical hole; the middle of the hole of the cylindrical porous plate 4-2 Arrange the spoiler atomization structure 4-4.

The flow turbulence atomization structure 4-4 is arranged in the hole of the cylindrical perforated plate 4-2 to arrange internal threads or a network structure composed of a plurality of metal wires or to arrange spiral spoilers or to arrange small guide vanes.

The turbulent atomization structure 4-4 adopts internal threads when the flow velocity of the smoke is high, and small guide vanes are used when the flow velocity is low.

The same kind of flow-disturbing atomization structure 4-4 or a variety of different flow-disturbing atomization structures 4-4 are arranged in the middle of the holes of the cylindrical porous plate 4-2, which is selected according to the flue gas circulation conditions.

The zoom-shaped orifice plate 4 and the turbulent atomization structure 4-4 have anti-wear and anti-corrosion coatings on the surface or use anti-corrosion and anti-wear materials.

The slurry sprayed from the spray layer 7 has an oxidative function, and simultaneously desulfurizes, denitrates and removes dust. The spray layer 7 is arranged in one layer or in multiple layers.

The mist eliminator 5 adopts a zigzag or streamline shape and is arranged in one layer or in multiple layers.

The demister 5, the spray layer 7 and the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4 are all independent modules, which are connected by sealing bolts, and can be increased or decreased according to the actual situation.

The flue gas inlet 2 is perpendicular to the tower body 3 or inclined at a certain angle, and the lower part of the tower body 3 is a long and narrow cone.

A deflector is arranged at the long and narrow cone at the bottom of the tower body 3 .

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. The utility model adopts a flue gas washing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice plate, which can increase the velocity of the rotating flue gas passing through the orifice plate, enhance the spray water film and the rotational disturbance of the flue gas, and intensify the heat and mass transfer process , which greatly increases the collision, contact and absorption effect of the slurry on the pollutants in the flue gas, and promotes the full mixing of gas, liquid and solid to react more fully. The shape and length of the zoom-shaped orifice can be adjusted flexibly and conveniently according to the actual flue gas volume and pressure difference changes, and one or more layers can also be arranged to achieve the best mass transfer effect.

2. The spray layer sprays down the oxidizing slurry film, and the turbulent atomization structure in the cylindrical hole makes the upward flue gas and the spray liquid descending along the wall fully mix and exchange heat and mass, and tear during the gas-liquid collision process The liquid film and make the gas-liquid mixture obliquely rush out of the inner hole of the expanding orifice plate and enter the space between the spray layer and the zoom-shaped orifice plate, so that the liquid film is in the state of secondary atomization, which further strengthens the gas-liquid collision and mixing, and can Increase the disturbance of the flue gas, enhance the effect of gas-liquid mixing, increase the utilization rate of the slurry, make the reaction more sufficient, and the pollutant removal effect is better.

3. The utility model makes the slurry form secondary atomization by increasing the rotating flue gas disturbance of the orifice plate, which intensifies the heat and mass transfer process, and greatly increases the impact, contact and absorption effect of the slurry on the pollutants in the flue gas , which promotes the full mixing of gas, liquid and solid to react more fully; the oxidizing slurry can oxidize NO into N ₂ O ₅ and dissolve it in the desulfurization spray liquid, and realize desulfurization, denitrification and fine particulate matter (PM) at the same time Removal, saving the physical space and expensive cost of triple independent reactors for desulfurization, denitrification and wet electrostatic precipitator.

4. The utility model adopts a flue gas washing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice plate, which sprays the oxidizing slurry to remove the pollutants in the flue gas in an integrated manner. Compared with the single removal device, it is extremely efficient The space is greatly reduced and the economic cost is reduced.

5. The utility model adopts oxidizing spray slurry to react and absorb the pollutant gas and particles in the flue gas, with little pollution, high removal efficiency, no secondary pollution, and high economy.

6. The utility model adopts a flue gas washing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice plate. The flue gas enters the lower part of the tower body tangentially from the entrance, rotates and rises along the wall surface, and the residence time in the tower increases, and the distribution is more uniform, which is beneficial to Scaled orifice area for reaction absorption.

7. The utility model adopts a modular design. The demister unit, the spray unit and the zoom-shaped orifice plate absorption unit all adopt a modular design. Each module is connected by a sealing bolt, and the modules can be increased or decreased according to the needs, and the layout and regulation More flexible, compact structure, easy to install and disassemble.

8. The surface of the zoom-shaped orifice plate of the utility model is coated with corrosion-resistant materials, which increases the service life and reduces the cost of equipment maintenance and replacement of the orifice plate.

9. The utility model adopts a flue gas washing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice plate, which has the advantages of small size, flexible layout, and simple manufacture, and can be used for various purposes ranging from large-scale industrial boiler flue gas treatment to small-scale flue gas purification.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a flue gas scrubbing mechanism with zoom-shaped orifice plates in the utility model.

Fig. 2a is a side view of the zoom-shaped orifice plate in the utility model.

Fig. 2b is the front view of the zoom-shaped orifice plate in the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cylindrical perforated plate in the present invention.

Fig. 4a is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flow-disturbing atomization structure on a cylindrical porous plate in the present invention.

Fig. 4b is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another flow-disturbing atomization structure on a cylindrical porous plate in the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model has a flue gas scrubbing mechanism with a zoom-shaped orifice, including a tower body 3, a circulating liquid storage tank 1 arranged below the tower body 3, and the inside of the tower body 3 is from bottom to bottom. Scaling orifice plate 4, spray layer 7 and mist eliminator 5 are arranged in sequence on the top, flue gas inlet 2 is arranged on the lower part of tower body 3, and absorption tower outlet 6 is arranged on the top, and the circulating liquid storage tank 1 and tower body 3 A slurry circulation pump 10, a flow control valve 9 and a flow meter 8 are sequentially arranged on the pipelines connected between the spray layers 7;

As shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b, the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4 is composed of a tapered orifice plate 4-1, a cylindrical porous plate 4-2 and a gradually expanding orifice plate 4-3, and the thickness is flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation. The zoom holes formed by superposition are arranged in a uniform array on the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4, and can also be adjusted to be unevenly arranged according to the unevenness of the flue gas;

The zoom-shaped orifice plate 4, wherein the taper angle of the tapering hole of the tapering orifice plate 4-1 and the expanding hole of the expanding orifice plate 4-3 can be the same or different, and can also be processed as a countersink hole or a cylindrical hole .

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, a flow-disturbing atomization structure 4-4 is arranged in the middle of the hole of the cylindrical porous plate 4-2.

As shown in Fig. 3, the said turbulent atomization structure 4-4 is to arrange internal threads in the hole of the cylindrical porous plate 4-2, and also arrange a network structure composed of a plurality of metal wires in the hole, also Structures that can achieve flow turbulence, such as helical spoilers or small guide vanes, can be arranged in the holes.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the flow velocity of the flue gas is high, the turbulent atomization structure 4-4 preferably adopts an internal thread, and when the flow velocity is low, preferably adopts a small guide vane.

The same kind of flow-disturbing atomization structure 4-4 or a variety of different flow-disturbing atomization structures 4-4 are arranged in the middle of the holes of the cylindrical porous plate 4-2, which is selected according to the flue gas circulation conditions.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surfaces of the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4 and the turbulent atomization structure 4-4 are provided with anti-wear and anti-corrosion coatings or are made of anti-corrosion and anti-wear materials.

The slurry sprayed from the spray layer 7 has an oxidative function, and simultaneously desulfurizes, denitrates and removes dust. The spray layer 7 is arranged in one layer or in multiple layers.

The mist eliminator 5 adopts a zigzag or streamline shape and is arranged in one layer or in multiple layers.

The demister 5, the spray layer 7 and the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4 are all independent modules, which are connected by sealing bolts, and can be increased or decreased according to the actual situation.

The flue gas inlet 2 is perpendicular to the tower body 3 or inclined at a certain angle, and the lower part of the tower body 3 is a long and narrow cone.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a deflector is arranged at the narrow and long cone at the lower part of the tower body 3 .

The working principle of the utility model is: the flue gas enters the tower body 3 tangentially from the flue gas inlet 2, spirals up, and passes through the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4. During the process of passing through the zoom-shaped orifice plate 4, the flue gas is accelerated and rotated, and the rotation The flow device fully mixes the enhanced flue gas and spray liquid and impacts obliquely on the circumferential wall of the desulfurization tower, blocking the short-circuit air flow rising around the desulfurization tower. The dripping absorption slurry can be better mixed and reacted, and the turbulent atomization structure such as internal thread can make the slurry liquid film formed on the surface of the inner hole of the zoom-shaped orifice plate easy to be carried up by the accelerated and disturbed smoke, and torn off The cracking is atomized again, which improves the utilization rate of the absorption slurry, and the pollutant removal effect is better. Pollutant gases and particles in the flue gas are wrapped by the absorption slurry, react and absorb into the liquid and enter the circulating slurry pool 1. After the reaction, the relatively clean flue gas continues to rise, and after demisting by the demister 5, it passes through the flue gas outlet 6 discharge.

Claims (9)

1. the flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate, it is characterized in that: comprise tower body (3), be arranged on the circulation liquid storage tank (1) of tower body (3) below, described tower body (3) inside is disposed with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate (4) from bottom to top, spraying layer (7) and demister (5), tower body (3) bottom is provided with smoke inlet (2), top is provided with absorption tower outlet (6), the pipeline be connected between the spraying layer (7) of described circulation liquid storage tank (1) and tower body (3) is disposed with slurry circulating pump (10), flow control valve (9) and flowmeter (8),

Described convergent-divergent shape orifice plate (4) is superposed by convergent orifice plate (4-1), cylindrical perforated plate (4-2) and flaring orifice plate (4-3) and forms, thickness regulates according to actual conditions, and the convergent-divergent hole that superposition is formed to be arranged in uniform array or to be correspondingly adjusted to uneven arranged according to uneven the carrying out of flue gas convergent-divergent shape orifice plate (4) is upper;

Described convergent-divergent shape orifice plate (4), wherein the convergent hole of convergent orifice plate (4-1) and the flaring hole cone angle of flaring orifice plate (4-3) identical or different, or be processed as counter sink or cylindrical hole;

Hole intermediate arrangement flow-disturbing atomization structure (4-4) of described cylindrical perforated plate (4-2).

2. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described flow-disturbing atomization structure (4-4) for arranging internal thread or arranging the network structure that many wire form or arrange spiral turbolator or arrange small-sized guide vane in the hole of cylindrical perforated plate (4-2).

3. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 2, is characterized in that: time flue gas flow rate is high, flow-disturbing atomization structure (4-4) adopts internal thread, adopts small-sized guide vane time flow velocity is low.

4. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: hole intermediate arrangement same flow-disturbing atomization structure (4-4) of described cylindrical perforated plate (4-2) or arrange multiple different flow-disturbing atomization structure (4-4), select according to flue gas current intelligence.

5. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: there is anti-wear corrosion-resistant coating on described convergent-divergent shape orifice plate (4) and flow-disturbing atomization structure (4-4) surface or adopts the material of anticorrosive anti-wear.

6. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the slurries that described spraying layer (7) sprays have oxidisability function, simultaneous SO_2 and NO removal dedusting, spraying layer (7) arranges one deck or arranging multiplayer.

7. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described demister (5) adopts broken line type or streamlined, arranges one deck or arranging multiplayer.

8. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described demister (5), spraying layer (7) and convergent-divergent shape orifice plate (4) are separate modular, employing sealing bolt connects, and increases or reduce according to actual conditions.

9. a kind of flue gas washing mechanism with convergent-divergent shape orifice plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described smoke inlet (2) or updip certain angle orthogonal with tower body (3), tower body (3) bottom is long and narrow cone.