CN204306883U - Humeral intramedullary nail - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a humerus intramedullary nail, which is used for inserting into the bone marrow cavity of the humerus from the cartilage layer at the apex of the humerus, comprising a proximal nail segment and a distal nail segment connected with the proximal nail segment, the proximal nail segment There are multiple locking threaded holes on the top, and there are multiple light holes on the distal nail segment. In this utility model humeral intramedullary nail, a) the locking threaded hole of the proximal nail section is multi-plane and multi-angle designed; The stability of the broken end; b) The screw hole of the proximal nail segment used to be implanted into the cancellous bone of the proximal humerus adopts a threaded design, which effectively prevents the risk of withdrawal of the locking screw for unilateral cortical fixation; c) the distal nail segment The end is designed with an oblique flat wire, which is conducive to the implantation of the intramedullary nail and is more in line with the anatomical shape of the human humerus, effectively reducing the deformation of the intramedullary nail during implantation, thereby improving the accuracy of screw injection through the aiming frame.

Description

humerus intramedullary nail

technical field

The utility model relates to a medical device, in particular to a humerus intramedullary nail.

Background technique

Proximal humeral fracture combined with humeral shaft fracture is one of the relatively rare fracture types in clinical practice. burden. At present, long PHILOS plates are mostly used in clinical treatment.

As we all know, the intramedullary nail fixation technology belongs to the axial fixation mechanically, and its bending and torsion resistance is far greater than that of the steel plate. However, the traditional intramedullary nail has the following defects: a) It is difficult to fix the fracture of the proximal humerus with a single plane; b) There is no locking mechanism between the intramedullary nail and the locking nail, especially in the metaphysis or in elderly patients with osteoporosis, the locking nail is easy to withdraw; c) The distal end is non-interlocking, which is difficult Control the shortening and rotational displacement of the fracture end; d) Since the human humerus bone has a posterior arc in the middle and lower 1/3, it is more difficult to implant the intramedullary nail, and the risk of iatrogenic fracture is prone to occur.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: in order to solve the problem that the locking nail is easy to withdraw from the intramedullary nail, the utility model provides a humerus intramedullary nail to solve the above problem.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: a humeral intramedullary nail, which is used to insert the humerus apex cartilage layer into the bone marrow cavity of the humerus, including a proximal nail segment and a distal nail segment connected with the proximal nail segment. The nail section at the proximal end is provided with a plurality of locking threaded holes, and the nail section at the far end is provided with a plurality of light holes. The locking screw hole of the proximal nail segment used to be implanted into the cancellous bone of the proximal humerus adopts a threaded design, which effectively prevents the risk of withdrawal of the locking screw for unilateral cortical fixation.

A plurality of locking threaded holes are axially distributed along the proximal nail section and are not at the same angle in the circumferential direction of the proximal nail section, and a plurality of light holes are axially distributed along the distal nail end and are at the same angle in the circumferential direction of the proximal nail section. The circumferential directions of the distal nail segments are not at the same angle. The locking threaded hole of the proximal nail section is designed with multiple planes and angles, and the two holes of the distal nail section are designed with an angle, which improves the stability of the intramedullary nail system, thereby improving the stability of the fractured end.

The end of the proximal nail segment has a cross positioning groove, a threaded hole and a positioning light hole, the cross positioning groove is located on a side away from the proximal nail segment, and the threaded hole and the positioning light hole are coaxial and connected. The cross positioning groove, the threaded hole and the positioning light hole are to facilitate the firm installation of the humeral intramedullary nail on the instrument for driving the intramedullary nail into the human body.

The proximal nail section extends to the distal nail section with a central light hole, and the end of the distal nail section away from the proximal nail section has an oblique flat wire. It is conducive to the implantation of the intramedullary nail and is more in line with the anatomical shape of the human humerus, effectively reducing the deformation of the intramedullary nail during the implantation process, thereby improving the accuracy of screw implantation through the aiming frame, and effectively reducing the risk of iatrogenic fractures .

Further, specifically, the proximal nail section is coaxial with the distal nail section, and the connection between the proximal nail section and the distal nail section has a tapered transition.

Specifically, the length of the proximal nail section is 25-50 mm, and the length of the tapered transition section is 10-50 mm. The length of the distal nail segment can be adjusted according to the length of the human humerus.

Further, preferably, the length of the proximal nail section is 30-40mm, and the length of the tapered transition section is 20-40mm

There are four locking threaded holes, which are respectively the front hole, the lesser tuberosity hole, the rear hole and the humeral moment hole along the direction from the proximal nail section to the distal nail section; The direction from the proximal nail section to the distal nail section is the first light hole and the second light hole in sequence.

According to the anatomical shape of the human humerus, there are left and right points.

Left: The angle of the front hole is 0-25° clockwise, the angle of the lesser tubercle hole is 90° clockwise, the angle of the rear hole is 45°-65° counterclockwise, and the angle of the humeral moment hole is 10° clockwise -40° and the angle between the humeral moment hole and the axis of the proximal nail segment is 75°-85° counterclockwise, the first light hole angle is counterclockwise 90°, and the second light hole angle is clockwise 70°-85°.

Right: The angle of the front hole is 0°-25° counterclockwise, the angle of the lesser tuberosity hole is 90° counterclockwise, the angle of the rear hole is 45°-65° clockwise, and the angle of the humeral moment hole is counterclockwise 10-40° and the angle between the humeral moment hole and the axis of the proximal nail segment is 75°-85° counterclockwise, the first light hole angle is clockwise 90°, and the second light hole angle is counterclockwise Hour hand 70°-85°.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the humeral intramedullary nail of the utility model, a) the locking threaded hole of the proximal nail section is multi-plane and multi-angle designed, and the two holes of the distal nail section are designed at an angle, which improves the intramedullary nail system. self-stability, thereby improving the stability of the fractured end; b) The locking screw hole of the proximal nail segment used to be implanted into the cancellous bone of the proximal humerus adopts a thread design, which effectively prevents the locking screw of unilateral cortical fixation from withdrawing Risk; c) The end of the distal nail segment is designed with an oblique flat wire, which is conducive to the implantation of the intramedullary nail and is more in line with the anatomical shape of the human humerus, effectively reducing the deformation of the intramedullary nail during implantation, thereby improving the accuracy of the aiming The accuracy of injecting screws into the frame can effectively reduce the risk of iatrogenic fractures.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is the physical structure diagram of the optimal embodiment of the humeral intramedullary nail of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is the front view of the humeral intramedullary nail used for the left side of the present invention,

Fig. 3 is the left side view of the humerus intramedullary nail used for the left side of the utility model,

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of B-B in Fig. 2,

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of C-C in Fig. 2,

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of D-D in Fig. 3,

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of E-E in Fig. 2,

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of F-F in Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is the front view of the humeral intramedullary nail for the right side of the utility model,

Fig. 11 is the left view of the humeral intramedullary nail used for the right side of the utility model,

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 9,

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of B-B in Fig. 9,

Figure 14 is a sectional view of C-C in Figure 9,

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of D-D in Fig. 11,

Fig. 16 is a sectional view of E-E in Fig. 9,

Fig. 17 is a sectional view of F-F in Fig. 9 .

In the figure 1. Proximal nail section, 2. Distal nail section, 3. Central light hole, 4. Front hole, 5. Lesser tuberosity hole, 6. Rear hole, 7. Humeral moment hole, 8. First light Hole, 9, the second light hole, 11, cross positioning groove, 12, threaded hole, 13, positioning light hole, 21, oblique flat wire.

Detailed ways

Now in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, and only schematically illustrate the basic structure of the utility model, so they only show the configurations related to the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is a humeral intramedullary nail, which is used to insert the cartilage layer of the apex of the humerus into the medullary cavity of the humerus, including a proximal nail segment 1 and a distal nail segment connected with the proximal nail segment 1 2. Multiple locking threaded holes are opened on the proximal nail section 1, and multiple light holes are opened on the distal nail section 2.

A plurality of locking threaded holes are axially distributed along the proximal nail segment 1 and are not at the same angle in the circumferential direction of the proximal nail segment 1, and a plurality of light holes are axially distributed along the distal nail end 2 and They are not at the same angle in the circumferential direction of the distal nail segment 2 .

The end of the proximal nail segment 1 has a cross positioning groove 11, a threaded hole 12 and a positioning light hole 13, the cross positioning groove 11 is located on the side away from the proximal nail segment 1, the threaded hole 12 and the positioning light hole 13 are coaxial and connected .

The central optical hole 3 extends from the proximal nail segment 1 to the distal nail segment 2 in the axial direction. The end of the distal nail segment 2 away from the proximal nail segment 1 has an oblique flat wire 21 .

The proximal nail segment 1 and the distal nail segment 2 are coaxial, and the junction of the proximal nail segment 1 and the distal nail segment 2 has a tapered transition.

The length of the proximal nail segment 1 is 25-50mm, and the length of the tapered transition section is 10-50mm. Preferably, the length of the proximal nail section 1 is 30-40 mm, and the length of the tapered transition section is 20-40 mm, especially when the length of the proximal nail section 1 is 35 mm, and the length of the tapered transition section is 30 mm.

There are four locking threaded holes, which are the front hole 4, the lesser tubercle hole 5, the rear hole 6, and the humeral moment hole 7 along the direction from the proximal nail section to the distal nail section; there are two light holes, along the proximal The direction from the nail segment 1 to the distal nail segment 2 is the first light hole 8 and the second light hole 9 in sequence.

As shown in Figure 2-9, for the left side: the angle of the front hole 4 is 0-25° clockwise, the angle of the small nodule hole 5 is 90° clockwise, and the angle of the rear hole 6 is 45°-65° counterclockwise , the angle of the humeral moment hole 7 is 10-40° clockwise and the angle between the humerus moment hole 7 and the axis of the proximal nail segment 1 is 75°-85° counterclockwise, the angle of the first light hole 8 is 90° counterclockwise, the second The angle of the second light hole 9 is 70°-85° clockwise. In particular, the angle of the front hole 4 is 10°, the angle of the rear hole is 55°, the angle of the humerus hole 7 is 25° and the angle between the humerus hole 7 and the axis of the proximal nail segment 1 is 81° counterclockwise, and the second light hole 9 When it is 72°, the effect is the best.

As shown in Figure 10-Figure 17, for the right side: the angle of the front hole 4 is 0°-25° counterclockwise, the angle of the small nodule hole 5 is 90° counterclockwise, and the angle of the rear hole 6 is 45°-65° clockwise °, the angle of the humeral moment hole 7 is 10-40° counterclockwise and the angle between the axis of the humerus moment hole 7 and the proximal nail segment 1 is 75°-85° counterclockwise, and the angle of the first light hole 8 is 90° clockwise. The angle of the second light hole 9 is 70°-85° counterclockwise. In particular, the angle of the front hole 4 is 10°, the angle of the rear hole is 55°, the angle of the humerus hole 7 is 25° and the angle between the humerus hole 7 and the axis of the proximal nail segment 1 is 81° counterclockwise, and the second light hole 9 When it is 72°, the effect is the best.

Among them, the clockwise and counterclockwise offset angles of the front hole 4, the lesser tuberosity hole 5, the rear hole 6, the humeral moment hole 7, the first light hole 8 and the second light hole 9 are based on the horizontal placement of the humeral intramedullary nail. The horizontal plane is referenced at 0°. Normally, when the oblique flat wire 21 faces downwards or upwards, it is placed to establish a horizontal plane.

Inspired by the above ideal embodiment according to the utility model, through the above description content, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications within the scope of not deviating from the technical idea of the utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content in the description, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A humeral intramedullary nail, which is used to insert the humerus apex cartilage layer into the medullary cavity of the humerus, is characterized in that it comprises a proximal nail segment (1) and a distal nail connected to the proximal nail segment (1) A section (2), the proximal nail section (1) is provided with a plurality of locking threaded holes, and the distal nail section (2) is provided with a plurality of light holes. 2. The humeral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of locking threaded holes are distributed axially along the proximal nail segment (1) and in the circumferential direction of the proximal nail segment (1) Not at the same angle, a plurality of light holes are distributed axially along the distal nail segment (2) and not at the same angle in the circumferential direction of the distal nail segment (2). 3. according to the described humeral intramedullary nail of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the end of described near-end nail segment (1) has cross positioning groove (11), threaded hole (12) and positioning light hole (13), The cross positioning groove (11) is located on the side away from the proximal nail segment (1), and the threaded hole (12) is coaxial and connected to the positioning light hole (13). 4. according to the described humeral intramedullary nail of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described proximal nail section (1) extends to distal nail section (2) and has a center light hole (3), and described distal nail The end of the segment (2) away from the proximal nail segment (1) has an oblique flat wire (21). 5. according to the described humerus intramedullary nail of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described near-end nail section (1) and far-end nail section (2) are coaxial, and described proximal-end nail section (1) and far-end nail Section (2) has a tapered transition at the junction. 6. The humeral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the proximal nail section (1) is 25-50 mm, and the length of the tapered transition section is 10-50 mm. 7. The humeral intramedullary nail according to claim 6, characterized in that: the length of the proximal nail section (1) is 30-40mm, and the length of the tapered transition section is 20-40mm. 8. According to the described humeral intramedullary nail of claim 1, it is characterized in that: there are four locking threaded holes, and the direction along the direction from the proximal nail segment (1) to the distal nail segment (2) is the front hole respectively. (4), the lesser tuberosity hole (5), the rear hole (6) and the humeral moment hole (7); there are two light holes, along the proximal nail segment (1) to the distal nail segment (2) The direction of the first light hole (8) and the second light hole (9) in turn. 9. according to the described humeral intramedullary nail of claim 8, it is characterized in that: described front hole (4) angle is clockwise 0-25 °, lesser tuberosity hole (5) angle is clockwise 90 °, rear hole (6) The angle is 45°-65° counterclockwise, the angle of the humerus moment hole (7) is 10-40° clockwise and the angle between the axis of the humerus moment hole (7) and the proximal nail segment (1) is 75°-85° counterclockwise, the angle of the first light hole (8) is 90° counterclockwise, and the angle of the second light hole (9) is 70°-85° clockwise. 10. according to the described humeral intramedullary nail of claim 8, it is characterized in that: described front hole (4) angle is counterclockwise 0 °-25 °, lesser tubercle hole (5) angle is counterclockwise 90 °, rear The angle of the hole (6) is 45°-65° clockwise, the angle of the humerus moment hole (7) is 10-40° counterclockwise and the angle between the axis of the humerus moment hole (7) and the proximal nail segment (1) 75°-85° counterclockwise, the angle of the first light hole (8) is 90° clockwise, and the angle of the second light hole (9) is 70°-85° counterclockwise.