CN204265819U - The system of process electronic waste - Google Patents
The system of process electronic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN204265819U CN204265819U CN201420684255.XU CN201420684255U CN204265819U CN 204265819 U CN204265819 U CN 204265819U CN 201420684255 U CN201420684255 U CN 201420684255U CN 204265819 U CN204265819 U CN 204265819U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of system processing electronic waste, comprising: shredder assembly, there is electronic waste entrance and electronic waste particle outlet; Smelting device, has the outlet of electronic waste particle entrance, exhanst gas outlet, slag outlet and molten product; Granulating device, has molten product entrance and solid product particle outlet; Acidizing device, has solid product particle entrance, sulfuric acid entrance and pickling liquor outlet; Filtration unit, has pickling liquor entrance, filtrate outlet and sludge outlet; Extraction and back extraction device, has filtrate inlet, copper-bath outlet and extraction agent outlet; And electrowinning plant, there is copper-bath entrance and metallic copper outlet.This system can realize the efficient recovery of metallic copper in electronic waste, reaches the object that copper is separated with multiple rare precious metal, thus realizes the pollution-free regeneration maximization of valuable resource.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of Environment Protection, and specifically, the utility model relates to a kind of system processing electronic waste.
Background technology
Along with the development of electronic product science and technology and the raising of people's living standard, electronic product industrial scale is increasing, and the date of retirement of electronic product shortens greatly, so the electronic waste that various waste household appliances and office electrical equipment produce increases increasingly.Except containing except the toxic substances such as mercury, scolding tin, polyvinyl chloride, halogenide fire retardant in electronic waste; be rich in again the metals such as a considerable amount of gold and silver, copper, platinum simultaneously; if mishandling meeting causes huge harm to environment; but if fully utilize rationally and effectively; then can not only protection of the environment, and sizable social benefit can be produced in resource circulation utilization, economic dispatch.
The method of process electronic waste conventional at present has: physical separation methods carries out simple classification and the enrichment of metal, then smelts purification; Wet method cyanidization metallurgy; Pyrometallurgy combines with wet method.CN102181644A discloses a kind of method reclaiming rare precious metal from waste and old circuit board, it is by procedure extraction silver, gold, platinum and palladiums such as fragmentation, electrostatic separation, calcining, acidleach and alkali leachings, but the method does not make full use of the heat energy of electronic waste itself, the copper maximum as content in electronic waste can not reclaim effectively.CN101270411A discloses a kind of method reclaiming copper metal from useless circuit card, swelling 1min ~ 4h under the condition of room temperature 200 DEG C, copper metal matrix material is separated with the macromolecule member material on its surface, the difference of specific gravity of recycling copper and mould material, the two classification is reclaimed, but the method is confined to separating of metal and material, is not thoroughly separated extracting metals.CN102676822A provide a kind of exempt to burn disclose a kind of method reclaiming valuable metal from waste printed circuit board without the method for cyaniding process waste and old printed circuit board, CN101787547A, the step wherein all comprised adds 0.5 ~ 3.5mol/L sulphuric acid soln and oxygenant in the filter residue of cupric, 2 ~ 8h is leached at 20 ~ 70 DEG C of temperature, solution after leaching is filtered, pH value be 1.0 ~ 5.0, temperature is 20 ~ 60 DEG C, current density is 200 ~ 550A/m
2condition under eddy flow selectivity electrodeposition, but the method long reaction time, production efficiency is low, and containing other impurity in solution, produces certain impact to electrodeposition effect.
Therefore, existing process electronic waste technology is further improved.
Utility model content
The utility model is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, an object of the present utility model is to propose a kind of system processing electronic waste, and this system can realize the efficient recovery of metallic copper in electronic waste, thus realizes the maximization of valuable metal resource regeneration.
In one of the present utility model, the utility model proposes a kind of system processing electronic waste, comprising:
Shredder assembly, described shredder assembly has electronic waste entrance and electronic waste particle outlet;
Smelting device, described smelting device has the outlet of electronic waste particle entrance, exhanst gas outlet, slag outlet and molten product, and described electronic waste particle entrance is connected with described electronic waste particle outlet;
Granulating device, described granulating device has molten product entrance and solid product particle outlet, and described molten product entrance exports with described molten product and is connected;
Acidizing device, described acidizing device has solid product particle entrance, sulfuric acid entrance and pickling liquor outlet, and described solid product particle entrance is connected with described solid product particle outlet;
Filtration unit, described filtration unit has pickling liquor entrance, filtrate outlet and sludge outlet, and described pickling liquor entrance exports with described pickling liquor and is connected;
Extraction and back extraction device, described extraction and back extraction device has filtrate inlet, copper-bath outlet and extraction agent outlet, and described filtrate inlet is connected with described filtrate outlet; And
Electrowinning plant, described electrowinning plant has copper-bath entrance and metallic copper outlet, and described copper-bath entrance exports with described copper-bath and is connected.
According to the system of the process electronic waste of the utility model embodiment by electronic waste is carried out metallurgy, according to the difference of each product proportion, copper can be separated with other metals with rare precious metal, pass through obtained solid product particle and sulfuric acid contact simultaneously, make the copper in solid product particle, cupric oxide and Red copper oxide and sulfuric acid reaction generate the pickling liquor containing copper sulfate, and rare precious metal still exists with metal simple-substance form, and then being effectively separated of copper and rare precious metal can be realized by filtration unit, and adopt extraction agent to carry out copper extraction treatment to gained filtrate, pure copper-bath can be obtained, and then significantly improve follow-up electrodeposition quality, thus improve the production efficiency of metallic copper.
In addition, following additional technical characteristic can also be had according to the system of the process electronic waste of the utility model above-described embodiment:
In embodiments more of the present utility model, described granulating device has the diverting device to molten product inject high pressure air.Thus, problem of blowing out and the etching problem of equipment can effectively be solved.
In embodiments more of the present utility model, the system of described process electronic waste comprises further: refrigerating unit, described refrigerating unit has material inlet and material outlet, described material inlet is connected with described solid product particle outlet, and described material outlet is connected with described solid product particle entrance.Thus, system run all right can be significantly improved.
In embodiments more of the present utility model, the system of described process electronic waste comprises further: reduction-annealing device, and described reduction-annealing device has slag entrance and product exit, and described slag entrance is connected with described slag outlet.Thus, the maximization of the utilization of resources can be realized.
In embodiments more of the present utility model, the system of described process electronic waste comprises further: refining plant, and described refining plant has smoke inlet and flue outlet, and described smoke inlet is connected with described exhanst gas outlet.Thus, pollution-free clean metallurgical can be realized.
In embodiments more of the present utility model, described smelting device comprises: body of heater, the cavity of open upper end is limited with in described body of heater, described cavity has path district and is positioned at the great Jing district above described path district, the internal diameter in described great Jing district is greater than the internal diameter in described path district, and described path district is provided with discharge outlet, furnace roof, described furnace roof is located on described body of heater and the upper end of cavity described in capping, and described furnace roof is vaulted, and the top of described furnace roof is provided with charging opening, gun slot, draft flue, described draft flue tilt upward be located at described body of heater sidewall on, described draft flue and described cavity connects, spray gun, described spray gun to be located in described gun slot and to extend downward in described path district, watercooling jacket, described watercooling jacket is located at described body of heater outside and forms package structure to described body of heater and described draft flue, wherein, described draft flue is located on the sidewall of described body of heater corresponding to described great Jing district, the angular range θ of described draft flue and horizontal plane meets: 0 < θ < 90 °, there is between described great Jing district and described path district the zone of transition that internal diameter increases from bottom to top gradually, the sidewall of described body of heater is provided with wind-supplying mouth, described wind-supplying mouth is located on the sidewall of described body of heater corresponding to described great Jing district, described charging opening place is provided with the tightness system stoping flue gas by described charging opening loss, the top of described furnace roof is also provided with burner mouth, described smelting furnace also comprises burner, described burner is located at described burner mouth place and extends downward in described great Jing district, described discharge outlet comprises: Pai Tongkou, described row's copper mouth is located at the bottom of described body of heater, slag-drip opening, described slag-drip opening is positioned at the top of described row's copper mouth, and described furnace roof is also provided with the gauge hatch for stretching into measuring scale, and the sidewall of described body of heater is provided with clean mouth, and described clean mouth is contiguous described furnace roof in the vertical direction.Thus, the internal diameter in great Jing district is adopted to be greater than the internal diameter in path district, improve the reaction conditions of gas reaction, impel imperfect combustion organism Thorough combustion further, and due to furnace roof be dome structures, space below vaulted furnace roof and above cavity also can as the place of gas reaction, increase gas reaction space further, and then the reaction conditions of combustiblematerials can be improved, save fuel consumption, improve speed of response, shorten the operating time, improve the working efficiency of smelting furnace further.And the increase in gas reaction space makes obnoxious flavour react more fully further, reduce the discharge of obnoxious flavour.
Additional aspect of the present utility model and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the process electronic waste according to the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the smelting furnace adopted in the system according to the process electronic waste of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the system architecture schematic diagram of the process electronic waste according to another embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the method flow schematic diagram of the system process electronic waste of the process electronic waste adopting the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the method flow schematic diagram of the system process electronic waste of the process electronic waste adopting another embodiment of the utility model.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiment of the present utility model, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the utility model, and can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
In description of the present utility model, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the utility model and simplified characterization for convenience of description, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise at least one this feature.In description of the present utility model, the implication of " multiple " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the utility model can be understood as the case may be.
In the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
In one of the present utility model, the utility model proposes a kind of system processing electronic waste.System below with reference to the process electronic waste of Fig. 1-3 pairs of the utility model embodiments is described in detail.According to embodiment of the present utility model, this system comprises:
Shredder assembly 100: according to embodiment of the present utility model, shredder assembly 100 has electronic waste entrance 101 and electronic waste particle outlet 102, and is suitable for electronic waste to carry out break process, thus can obtain electronic waste particle.Thus, the efficiency of Subsequent electronic waste material can be significantly improved.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the particle diameter of electronic waste particle is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the median size of electronic waste particle can be 15 ~ 45mm.Contriver finds, cause reaction insufficient if waste granules granularity crosses senior general, slow down speed of response, produces " raw material ", and undersized, material will be caused to have little time reaction and just to enter smoke dust system with flue gas, reduce metal straight yield.
Smelting device 200: according to embodiment of the present utility model, smelting device 200 has electronic waste particle entrance 201, exhanst gas outlet 202, slag outlet 203 and molten product outlet 204, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, electronic waste particle entrance 201 is connected with electronic waste particle outlet 102, and be suitable for electronic waste particle to carry out metallurgy in smelting furnace, thus can flue gas be obtained, slag and molten product, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, slag can contain ferric oxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, at least one in silicon-dioxide, molten product can contain copper and rare precious metal.Thus, copper in electronic waste can be realized, rare precious metal is separated with other metals.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the condition of metallurgy is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, metallurgy can be carried out under 1200 ~ 1400 degrees Celsius.Thus, the efficiency of electronic waste can be significantly improved.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, smelting device can be smelting furnace.Below with reference to Fig. 2, the smelting furnace of the utility model embodiment is described in detail.According to embodiment of the present utility model, this smelting furnace comprises: body of heater 1, furnace roof 2, draft flue 3 and spray gun 4.
Cavity 11 is formed, cavity 11 open upper end in body of heater 1.As shown in Figure 2, cavity 11 has the top that district of He great Jing district 112, great Jing of path district 111 112 is positioned at path district 111, and the internal diameter in Qie great Jing district 112 is greater than the internal diameter in path district 111.
Can be placed in cavity 11 after electronic waste mixes with flux and carry out melting, particularly, for smelting furnace provides the reaction zone 8 of smelting in cavity 11, reaction zone 8 is arranged on bottom path district 111, that is, above-mentioned electronic waste and flux can be placed in reaction zone 8 and carry out smelting and react, the bottom section of cavity 11 as shown in Figure 2.
Further, as shown in Figure 2, the He great Jing district of path district 111 112 above reaction zone 8 is common as gas phase zone 9, carries out in the gas of reaction generation and the gas phase zone 9 of the reaction process of associated gas then in body of heater 1.Internal diameter due to great Jing district 112 is greater than the internal diameter in path district 111, and such gas phase zone 9 provides larger space for the reaction process of the gas and gas that react rear generation.
After electronic waste mixes with flux, oxidizing reaction is carried out in reaction zone 8, reacted rear the produced slag containing ferric oxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon-dioxide is discharged, add reductive agent again in the remaining furnace charge layer containing cupric oxide, Red copper oxide and rare precious metal after discharging and carry out reduction reaction, with the cupric oxide in the reduction furnace bed of material and Red copper oxide, obtain the molten product containing copper and rare precious metal.
Particularly, path district 111 is provided with discharge outlet 12, and discharge outlet 12 may be used for discharging smelts reacted slag and molten product.Be understandable that, discharge outlet 12 is arranged on the path district 111 of corresponding reaction zone 8.
Furnace roof 2 is located on body of heater 1, and is sealed on the upper end of cavity 11.Furnace roof 2 is particularly dome structures, and as shown in Figure 2, furnace roof 2 is the hemispherical shape upwards swelled, like this, define space between above body of heater 1 cavity 11 and below furnace roof 2, the space of gas phase zone 9 can be strengthened further, improve the efficiency of oxidizing reaction and reduction reaction.
The top of furnace roof 2 is provided with charging opening 21 and gun slot 22, can feed in raw material in body of heater 1 easily in the top that charging opening 21 is arranged on furnace roof 2.Further, consider the organic waste in electronic waste, and the poisonous or obnoxious flavour after burning, in charging opening 21 loss, in order to reduce the generation of this situation as far as possible, alternatively, can be provided with tightness system in the periphery of charging opening 21.Tightness system can improve the stopping property of charging opening 21, thus effectively prevents the loss of flue gas.In addition, in order to ensure the quality of reducing, particulate solid reductive agent can also be added by charging opening 21 in body of heater 1, such as coke etc., thus furnace charge layer surface after oxidation forms the burnt filtering layer of red heat to strengthen reduction effect.
Gun slot 22 is arranged on the top of furnace roof 2, particularly, spray gun 4 extend in the cavity 11 of body of heater 1 by gun slot 22, spray gun 4 passes into fuel (technique wind and Sweet natural gas) in cavity 11, thermal source can be provided for oxidizing reaction and reduction reaction, thus greatly facilitate the carrying out of reaction.In addition, oxygen enrichment or pressurized air also can be injected in body of heater 1 by spray gun 4, can blow melting operation like this to reaction mass, promote the carrying out of reaction, significantly improve the thermodynamics and kinetics condition of reaction.
In addition, in reduction process, spray gun 4 can also simultaneously as injection of reducing agent entrance.Thus, reductive agent can be sprayed into by the cupric oxide in furnace charge and Red copper oxide reduction in body of heater 1 by spray gun 4, form the bottom that the molten product containing copper and rare precious metal is sunken to body of heater 1.Selection for reductive agent is not particularly limited, and it can be gas, liquid or pressed powder reductive agent.
Draft flue 3 is communicated with cavity 11, and draft flue 3 is tilted to Shangdi and is arranged on the sidewall of body of heater 1.Alternatively, draft flue 3 is located on the sidewall of the body of heater 1 of great Jing district 112 correspondence.Be understandable that, draft flue 3 is corresponding with body of heater 1 Nei great Jing district 112, be understandable that, draft flue 3 is inclined upwardly setting, such draft flue 3 and the spaced apart setting of charging opening 21, can reduce from charging opening 21 enter body of heater 1 fail the raw material of perfect combustion directly enter exhaust gases passes and discharge may, thus can save energy, reduce to pollute.
According to the smelting furnace of the utility model embodiment, internal diameter due to great Jing district 112 is greater than the internal diameter in path district 111, thus the gas phase zone 9 that can increase for gas reaction, and due to furnace roof 2 be dome structures, the space below vaulted furnace roof 2 also constitutes a part for gas phase zone 9, increase gas phase zone 9 further, the reaction conditions of combustiblematerials can be improved like this, save fuel consumption, improve speed of response, shorten the operating time, improve the working efficiency of smelting furnace further.And the reaction process of gas can be carried out in gas phase zone 9, like this, larger gas phase zone 9 can the reaction conditions of lift gas reaction process, obnoxious flavour is reacted further more fully in gas phase zone 9, reduces the discharge of obnoxious flavour.
And, draft flue 3 is inclined on the sidewall of body of heater 1, effectively reduce the loss of reaction raw materials on the one hand, not only save the energy, but also improve the economy of smelting furnace and the high efficiency of resource, on the other hand can also prevent non-Thorough combustion and the organism that directly enters flue gas is directly discharged from draft flue 3, thus avoid environmental pollution.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, body of heater 1 can be single burner hearth type of furnace, and be namely only formed with a cavity 11 in body of heater 1, the oxidizing reaction of smelting process and reduction reaction are all carried out in body of heater 1.In addition, by intermittent cycles operation, control reaction atmospheres different in body of heater 1, also smelting reaction and reduction reaction can be separated, while guarantee body of heater 1 more compact structure, can also ensure that oxidising process and reduction process can be carried out respectively smoothly, there is energy-efficient feature.
Particularly, the structure for body of heater 1 can not do particular restriction, as long as meet the requirement enabling oxidation and reduction reaction normally carry out.Alternatively, body of heater 1 is vertical cylindrical cavity structure.The body of heater 1 of this structure has simply compact, and stability is high and operate reliable feature.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, can be discharged by draft flue 3 at the reacted gas in gas phase zone 9.And draft flue 3 meets with the angular range θ of horizontal plane: 0 < θ < 90 °.Be understandable that, the angle of body of heater 1 and draft flue 3, also at 0-90 °, ensure that draft flue 3 is inclined on the sidewall of body of heater 1.Particularly, inclination flue 3 can be columnar structure, inclination flue 3 simplicity of design of columnar structure, and is conducive to the one-piece construction stability of smelting furnace.It should be noted that, inclination flue 3 is not limited in columnar structure, can not do particular restriction for the structure of inclination flue 3 and type.Alternatively, inclination flue 3 is suspension type flue, and particularly, inclination flue 3 can be fixed by supporting structure, boom structure etc., to promote the installation stability of inclination flue 3.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, there is between great Jing district 112 and path district 111 zone of transition 113 that internal diameter increases from bottom to top gradually.Be understandable that, the internal diameter in path district 111 is less than the internal diameter in great Jing district 112, and as shown in Figure 2, zone of transition 113 from bottom to top internal diameter increases gradually, until be equal to the internal diameter in great Jing district 112.Such zone of transition 113 arrange can Shi great Jing district 112 and path district 111 transition mild, and the structure of smelting furnace is more reasonable, is conducive to the one-piece construction stability of smelting furnace.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, the sidewall of body of heater 1 is provided with wind-supplying mouth 13.As shown in Figure 2, wind-supplying mouth 13 is arranged on the sidewall of the body of heater 1 of great Jing district 112 correspondence, appropriate air can be fed to gas phase zone 9 by wind-supplying mouth 13, can by the remaining organism Thorough combustion in flue gas, the carbon monoxide that reaction can also be impelled to produce carries out oxidizing reaction and generates carbonic acid gas.Arranging of wind-supplying mouth 13 can make burning more thorough, and saves the fuel consumption for maintaining furnace temperature, is that is conducive to the high efficiency of smelting furnace, and decreases the discharge bodies of heater 1 such as obnoxious flavour, thus avoid environmental pollution.Be understandable that, reacted gas then can discharge body of heater 1 by draft flue 3.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, discharge outlet 12 comprises: row's copper mouth 121 and slag-drip opening 122.Row's copper mouth 121 is located at the bottom of body of heater 1, and slag-drip opening 122 is positioned at the top of row's copper mouth 121.Because smelting product density is different, the ferric oxide produced after reaction, calcium oxide, silicon-dioxide, cupric oxide, Red copper oxide, rare precious metal meeting layering, wherein cupric oxide, Red copper oxide and rare precious metal are positioned at the below of molten product, therefore pass through the top of slag-drip opening 122 row of being arranged on copper mouth 121, ferric oxide, calcium oxide, silicon-dioxide can be discharged better, achieve effective classification of material after smelting, efficiency is improved.
And, row's copper mouth 121 and slag-drip opening 122 are respectively equipped with environmental protection petticoat pipe.Thus, the existence of environmental protection petticoat pipe reduce further the material of discharge in body of heater 1 to the pollution of environment, improves the environmental-protecting performance of smelting furnace.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, the top of furnace roof 2 is also provided with burner mouth 23, and smelting furnace also comprises burner 5, and burner 5 is located at burner mouth 23 place and extends downward in great Jing district 112.Burner 5 has the effect of additional heat, can promote the oxidation of the material in body of heater 1 and the carrying out of reduction reaction when being extend in body of heater 1 by burner mouth 23 by burner 5, improves the efficiency of oxidation and reduction reaction, and then reduces the discharge bodies of heater 1 such as obnoxious flavour.
In addition, material can form the melt of high temperature in body of heater 1 through smelting, can form certain potential safety hazard to operator or environment around when the melt discharge body of heater 1 of high temperature is outer, and high-temperature fusant washes away, corrodes, and the security of smelting furnace is decreased for a long time to body of heater 1 inwall.Therefore, from the viewpoint of the safety in utilization of smelting furnace, alternatively, can at the outer setting watercooling jacket 6 of body of heater 1, watercooling jacket 6 pairs of bodies of heater 1 and draft flue 3 form package structure.Thus, smelt to react after the high-temperature fusant produced can be cooled by watercooling jacket 6 and discharge again, thus the danger that the molten product avoiding the high heat of high temperature causes operator, safety in utilization increases, and can extend the work-ing life of body of heater 1 sidewall.
In addition, because watercooling jacket 6 is wrapped in the outside of draft flue 3, thus make with flue gas enter flue solid particulate reunite return to reaction zone 8, reduce dust rate, thus the fuel consumption saved for maintaining furnace temperature, and avoid environmental pollution, make operation more reliable and more stable.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, furnace roof 2 is also provided with the gauge hatch 24 for stretching into measuring scale.Gauge hatch 24 is arranged on furnace roof 2, and measuring scale can be extend in body of heater 1 by gauge hatch 24, and then can be determined the floor height of the material in reaction zone 8 by measuring scale, thus operator can be made easily to understand response situation in body of heater 1.
In some examples of the utility model smelting furnace, the sidewall of body of heater 1 is provided with clean mouth 7, and clean mouth 7 is contiguous furnace roof 2 in the vertical direction.As shown in Figure 2, clean mouth 7 is arranged on and closes on body of heater 1 sidewall of furnace roof 2, to consider above great Jing district 112 and the temperature of space when reacting below vaulted furnace roof 2 low compared with the temperature of below, flue dust in such gas may be met cold formation solid particulate and is pasted onto on body of heater 1 internal cavity 11 sidewall, the arranging of clean mouth 7 can make staff's periodic cleaning be formed in solid particulate on cavity 11 sidewall, and then be conducive to the high efficiency of the clean of smelting furnace and work, and good reaction conditions is improved for the gas reaction in gas phase zone 9.
According to the smelting furnace of the utility model embodiment other form and operation be all known for those of ordinary skills, be not described in detail here.
Further, in order to make the smelting furnace of the utility model embodiment specifically concrete, below the method utilizing the smelting furnace of the utility model embodiment to smelt is described.
Smelting process comprises the following steps:
A) smelt after the electronic waste of fragmentation and flux mixing, form slag layer and furnace charge layer;
B) slag layer is discharged, and in furnace charge layer, add reductive agent carry out reduction reaction, with the cupric oxide in the reduction furnace bed of material and Red copper oxide, obtain the molten product of cupric and rare precious metal.
Specifically, step a) in, adding stove in by the charging opening 21 at body of heater 1 top by giving up through to a certain degree broken electronics together with flux, dropping on the slag blanket on body of heater 1 settling tank surface.Oxygen rich gas enters in settling tank slag blanket by spray gun 4, stir slag blanket melt and with electronic waste and flux generation metallurgical reaction.Smelting product, due to density difference, forms slag layer and furnace charge layer at settling tank.Slag layer discharges body of heater 1 by slag-drip opening 122, and furnace charge layer stays then in body of heater 1, and body of heater 1 upper gaseous phase section 9 arranges wind-supplying mouth 13, the organism making directly not enter flue gas in raw material through Thorough combustion burned fall, thus avoid environmental pollution.
In step b) in, in stove, pass into reductive agent cupric oxide in furnace charge layer and Red copper oxide to be reduced by spray gun 4, the copper of formation and rare precious metal molten product are sunken to the bottom of body of heater 1.In order to ensure the quality of reducing, particulate solid reductive agent can also be added by charging opening 21 in stove, such as coke etc., thus form the burnt filtering layer of red heat to strengthen reduction effect on furnace charge layer surface.In order to the heat that supplementary reduction reaction needs, can also by burner 5 to body of heater 1 gas phase zone 9 postcombustion or air.Molten product is discharged by row's copper mouth 121, and the reducing slag of dilution is discharged into outside body of heater 1 by the slag-drip opening 122 be located on settling tank headwall, and the flue gas that reaction produces then is discharged out of the furnace by draft flue 3.
Use the smelting furnace of the utility model embodiment, oxidation and reduction reaction are separately carried out, can the latent heat of efficiency utilization melt, have energy-efficient feature, and this system operating time is short, heat leaks and lacks, and saves fuel consumption, and operational safety.
Granulating device 300: according to embodiment of the present utility model; granulating device 300 has molten product entrance 301 and solid product particle outlet 302; according to specific embodiment of the utility model; molten product entrance 301 and molten product export 204 and are connected; and be suitable for molten product to carry out granulated processed; thus solid product particle can be obtained, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, solid product particle can contain at least one in copper, cupric oxide, Red copper oxide and rare precious metal.Thus, the separation efficiency of metallic copper in subsequent process can be significantly improved.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the particle diameter of solid product particle is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the median size of solid product particle is 75 ~ 150 microns.Contriver finds; if the excessive leaching yield that will reduce in follow-up leaching process of granularity; undersized then can increase the comprehensive energy consumption of granulation, and also improves equipment requirements thereupon, selects this size range can ensure best granulation effect and optimum economic benefit thus.
According to embodiment of the present utility model; granulating device can be granulation tower; according to specific embodiment of the utility model, diverting device can be adopted to molten product inject high pressure air, to make molten product be cooled to solid granulates in decline process and oxidized.Contriver finds, adopts this technique to carry out granulated processed to molten product, effectively can solve the problem of blowing out of equipment.
Concrete; molten product drains in granulation tower by chute; diverting device in employing granulation tower is to molten product inject high pressure air; make molten product in decline process, be dispersed into numerous tiny drop; drop after dispersion is cooled to solid-state and is oxidized it simultaneously by the gas simultaneously sprayed; thus the solid product particle that can obtain containing copper, cupric oxide and Red copper oxide; in addition; the waste gas produced in this process is delivered to dust treatment workshop section through gas extractor collection and is processed, thus significantly reduces environmental pollution.
Acidizing device 400: according to embodiment of the present utility model, acidizing device 400 has solid product particle entrance 401, sulfuric acid entrance 402 and pickling liquor outlet 403, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, solid product particle entrance 401 is connected with solid product particle outlet 302, and be suitable for solid product particle to contact with sulphuric acid soln, to make the copper in solid product particle, cupric oxide and Red copper oxide and sulfuric acid react, thus the pickling liquor containing copper sulfate can be obtained.Thus, being effectively separated of copper and rare precious metal can be realized.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, containing sulfuric acid concentration in the pickling liquor of copper sulfate for being less than 20g/L.Contriver finds, sulfuric acid concentration is too high can affect copper extraction net effect.
Filtration unit 500: according to embodiment of the present utility model, filtration unit 500 pickling liquor entrance 501, filtrate outlet 502 and sludge outlet 503, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, pickling liquor entrance 501 and pickling liquor export 403 and are connected, and be suitable for the pickling liquor containing copper sulfate to carry out filtration treatment, thus filtrate and filter residue can be obtained, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, containing copper sulfate in filtrate, containing rare precious metal in filter residue.Thus, being effectively separated of copper and rare precious metal can be realized, thus significantly improve the electrodeposition quality of subsequent copper.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, owing to may occur to run filter phenomenon when filtering, or the floating dust in air enters solution, there will be in solution the phenomenon that there are some suspended particles, so can continue to filter gained filtrate, in order to avoid the quality of suspended particles to follow-up electro deposited copper works the mischief.
Extraction and back extraction device 600: according to embodiment of the present utility model, extraction and back extraction device 600 has filtrate inlet 601, copper-bath outlet 602 and extraction agent outlet 603, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, filtrate inlet 601 is connected with filtrate outlet 502, and carry out reextraction process after being suitable for that copper extraction treatment is carried out to filtrate again, to obtain copper-bath and extraction agent.
Concrete, first extraction agent is adopted to carry out copper extraction treatment to filtrate, thus the organic phase of supported copper ion can be obtained, then adopt the organic phase of strippant to obtained supported copper ion to carry out reextraction process, thus copper-bath and extraction agent can be obtained.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the particular type of extraction agent is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, LIX984N extraction agent can be adopted to carry out copper extraction treatment to filtrate.Contriver finds, LIX984N extraction agent can obtain higher extraction of copper when solution sulfuric acid concentration is less than 20g/L, and adopt this extraction agent obviously to reduce phase-splitting time that extraction and back-extraction gets process, therefore adopt LIX984N extraction agent not only can improve the percentage extraction of copper, and the separation efficiency of metallic copper can be improved.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the strippant of reextraction process is carried out to the organic phase of supported copper ion and is not particularly limited, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the poor electric effusion that strippant produces for electrolytic deposition process.Contriver finds, adopts strippant of the present utility model can significantly improve the separation efficiency of the extraction agent containing copper sulfate, reduces processing cost simultaneously.
Electrowinning plant 700: according to embodiment of the present utility model, electrowinning plant 700 has copper-bath entrance 701 and metallic copper outlet 702, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, copper-bath entrance 701 and copper-bath export 602 and are connected, and be suitable for copper-bath to carry out electrodeposition process, thus metallic copper can be obtained.Thus, the recycling of metallic copper in electronic waste can be realized.
Concrete, carry out electrodeposition process to copper-bath to carry out being provided with in electrolyte circulation system electrode system, and electric effusion composition and additive add-on can be adjusted at any time according to the electrodeposition condition of production, electric effusion enters header tank by circulation groove by certain speed of circulation after electric effusion recycle pump pump is heated to 35 ~ 50 DEG C to plate-type heat exchanger, the electric effusion mixed is by header tank from flowing to each Winning cell, and poor electric effusion is delivered to back extraction systemic circulation and utilized by production cycle system.
Below with reference to Fig. 3, the system of the process electronic waste of the utility model embodiment comprises further:
Refrigerating unit 800: according to embodiment of the present utility model, refrigerating unit 800 has material inlet 801 and material outlet 802, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, material inlet 801 is connected with solid product particle outlet 302, material outlet 802 is connected with solid product particle entrance 401, and be suitable for, before being contacted with sulphuric acid soln by solid product particle, in advance solid product particle being carried out cooling process.Thus, system run all right can be significantly improved.
Concrete; the temperature of molten product is higher; although decrease through air atomizing temperature; but in oxidising process, certain heat can be produced again; fall into so solid product particle is declined in the refrigerating unit below granulation tower and cool; and the solid product particle of cleaning cooling in time, the water in pond keeps flowing and filters Posterior circle using.
Reduction-annealing device 900: according to embodiment of the present utility model, reduction-annealing device 900 has slag entrance 901 and product exit 902, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, slag entrance 901 is connected with slag outlet 203, and the slag being suitable for smelting device to obtain carries out reducing gentle deepfreeze.Thus, the maximization of the utilization of resources can be realized further.
Refining plant 1000: according to embodiment of the present utility model, refining plant 1000 has smoke inlet 1001 and flue outlet 1002, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, smoke inlet 1001 is connected with exhanst gas outlet 202, and the flue gas being suitable for smelting device to obtain carries out purifying treatment.Thus, can available protecting environment.
Above the system of the process electronic waste of the utility model embodiment is described in detail.Conveniently understand, the method adopting the system of the process electronic waste of the utility model embodiment to carry out processing electronic waste below with reference to Fig. 4-5 is described in detail.According to embodiment of the present utility model, the method comprises:
S100: electronic waste is carried out break process
According to embodiment of the present utility model, electronic waste is carried out break process, thus electronic waste particle can be obtained.Thus, the efficiency of Subsequent electronic waste material can be significantly improved.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the particle diameter of electronic waste particle is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the median size of electronic waste particle can be 15 ~ 45mm.Contriver finds, cause reaction insufficient if waste granules granularity crosses senior general, slow down speed of response, produces " raw material ", and undersized, material will be caused to have little time reaction and just to enter smoke dust system with flue gas, reduce metal straight yield.
S200: electronic waste particle is carried out metallurgy in smelting furnace
According to embodiment of the present utility model, electronic waste particle is carried out metallurgy in smelting furnace, thus flue gas, slag and molten product can be obtained, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, slag can contain at least one in ferric oxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon-dioxide, and molten product can contain copper and rare precious metal.Thus, copper in electronic waste can be realized, rare precious metal is separated with other metals.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the condition of metallurgy is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, metallurgy can be carried out under 1200 ~ 1400 degrees Celsius.Thus, the efficiency of electronic waste can be significantly improved.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, smelting furnace structure is for shown in Fig. 2, and it refers to above.
S300: molten product is carried out granulated processed
According to embodiment of the present utility model; molten product is carried out granulated processed; thus solid product particle can be obtained, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, solid product particle can contain at least one in copper, cupric oxide, Red copper oxide and rare precious metal.Thus, the separation efficiency of metallic copper in subsequent process can be significantly improved.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the particle diameter of solid product particle is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the median size of solid product particle is 75 ~ 150 microns.Contriver finds; if the excessive leaching yield that will reduce in follow-up leaching process of granularity; undersized then can increase the comprehensive energy consumption of granulation, and also improves equipment requirements thereupon, selects this size range can ensure best granulation effect and optimum economic benefit thus.
According to embodiment of the present utility model; granulated processed can be carried out in granulation tower; according to specific embodiment of the utility model, diverting device can be adopted to molten product inject high pressure air, to make molten product be cooled to solid granulates in decline process and oxidized.Contriver finds, adopts this technique to carry out granulated processed to molten product, avoids water and high-temperature fusant contact reacts in granulating and generate hydrogen etc., thus effectively can solve the problem of blowing out of equipment.
Concrete; molten product drains in granulation tower by chute; diverting device in employing granulation tower is to molten product inject high pressure air; make molten product in decline process, be dispersed into numerous tiny drop; drop after dispersion is cooled to solid-state and is oxidized it simultaneously by the gas simultaneously sprayed; thus the solid product particle that can obtain containing copper, cupric oxide and Red copper oxide; in addition; the waste gas produced in this process is delivered to dust treatment workshop section through gas extractor collection and is processed, thus significantly reduces environmental pollution.
S400: solid product particle is contacted with sulphuric acid soln
According to embodiment of the present utility model, solid product particle is contacted with sulphuric acid soln, to make the copper in solid product particle, cupric oxide and Red copper oxide and sulfuric acid react, thus the pickling liquor containing copper sulfate can be obtained.Thus, being effectively separated of copper and rare precious metal can be realized.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, containing sulfuric acid concentration in the pickling liquor of copper sulfate for being less than 20g/L.Contriver finds, sulfuric acid concentration is too high can affect copper extraction net effect.
S500: carry out filtration treatment by there being the pickling liquor of copper sulfate
According to embodiment of the present utility model, filtration treatment is carried out in the pickling liquor containing copper sulfate, thus filtrate and filter residue can be obtained, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, containing copper sulfate in filtrate, containing rare precious metal in filter residue.Thus, being effectively separated of copper and rare precious metal can be realized, thus significantly improve the electrodeposition quality of subsequent copper.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, owing to may occur to run filter phenomenon when filtering, or the floating dust in air enters solution, there will be in solution the phenomenon that there are some suspended particles, so can continue to filter gained filtrate, in order to avoid the quality of suspended particles to follow-up electro deposited copper works the mischief.
S600: adopt extraction agent to carry out copper extraction treatment to filtrate
According to embodiment of the present utility model, adopt extraction agent to carry out copper extraction treatment to filtrate, thus the organic phase of supported copper ion can be obtained.Thus, the separation efficiency of metallic copper can be improved further.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the particular type of extraction agent is also not particularly limited, and according to specific embodiment of the utility model, LIX984N extraction agent can be adopted to carry out copper extraction treatment to filtrate.Contriver finds, LIX984N extraction agent can obtain higher extraction of copper when solution sulfuric acid concentration is less than 20g/L, and adopt this extraction agent obviously to reduce phase-splitting time that extraction and back-extraction gets process, therefore adopt LIX984N extraction agent not only can improve the percentage extraction of copper, and the separation efficiency of metallic copper can be improved.
S700: reextraction process is carried out to the extraction agent containing copper sulfate
According to embodiment of the present utility model, reextraction process is carried out to the extraction agent containing copper sulfate, thus copper-bath and extraction agent can be obtained, and extraction agent is returned step S600 and proceed copper extraction treatment.Thus, pure copper-bath can be obtained.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the strippant of reextraction process is carried out to the extraction agent containing copper sulfate and is not particularly limited, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the poor electric effusion that strippant can produce for electrolytic deposition process.Contriver finds, adopts strippant of the present utility model can significantly improve the separation efficiency of the extraction agent containing copper sulfate, thus can be separated and obtain the higher copper-bath of purity.
S800: copper-bath is carried out electrodeposition process
According to embodiment of the present utility model, copper-bath is carried out electrodeposition process, thus can metallic copper be obtained.Thus, the recycling of metallic copper in electronic waste can be realized.
Concrete, carry out electrodeposition process to copper-bath to carry out being provided with in electrolyte circulation system electrode system, and electric effusion composition and additive add-on can be adjusted at any time according to the electrodeposition condition of production, electric effusion enters header tank by circulation groove by certain speed of circulation after electric effusion recycle pump pump is heated to 35 ~ 50 DEG C to plate-type heat exchanger, the electric effusion mixed is by header tank from flowing to each Winning cell, and poor electric effusion is delivered to back extraction systemic circulation and utilized by production cycle system.
Below with reference to Fig. 5, the method for the process electronic waste of the utility model embodiment comprises further:
S900: solid product particle is carried out cooling process
According to embodiment of the present utility model, before being contacted with sulphuric acid soln by solid product particle, in advance solid product particle is carried out cooling process.Thus, system run all right can be significantly improved.
Concrete; the temperature of molten product is higher; although decrease through air atomizing temperature; but in oxidising process, certain heat can be produced again; fall into so solid product particle is declined in the water-cooled pond below granulation tower and cool; and the solid product particle of cleaning cooling in time, the water in pond keeps flowing and filters Posterior circle using.
S1000: slag is carried out reducing gentle deepfreeze
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the slag obtained by S200 carries out reducing gentle deepfreeze.Thus, the maximization of the utilization of resources can be realized further.
S1100: flue gas is carried out harmless treatment
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the flue gas obtained by S200 carries out harmless treatment.Thus, pollution-free clean metallurgical can be realized.
In the description of this specification sheets, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification sheets or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and described embodiment of the present utility model above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment, revises, replace and modification in scope of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. process a system for electronic waste, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Shredder assembly, described shredder assembly has electronic waste entrance and electronic waste particle outlet;
Smelting device, described smelting device has the outlet of electronic waste particle entrance, exhanst gas outlet, slag outlet and molten product, and described electronic waste particle entrance is connected with described electronic waste particle outlet;
Granulating device, described granulating device has molten product entrance and solid product particle outlet, and described molten product entrance exports with described molten product and is connected;
Acidizing device, described acidizing device has solid product particle entrance, sulfuric acid entrance and pickling liquor outlet, and described solid product particle entrance is connected with described solid product particle outlet;
Filtration unit, described filtration unit has pickling liquor entrance, filtrate outlet and sludge outlet, and described pickling liquor entrance exports with described pickling liquor and is connected;
Extraction and back extraction device, described extraction and back extraction device has filtrate inlet, copper-bath outlet and extraction agent outlet, and described filtrate inlet is connected with described filtrate outlet; And
Electrowinning plant, described electrowinning plant has copper-bath entrance and metallic copper outlet, and described copper-bath entrance exports with described copper-bath and is connected.
2. process the system of electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described granulating device has the diverting device to molten product inject high pressure air.
3. process the system of electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise further: refrigerating unit, described refrigerating unit has material inlet and material outlet, described material inlet is connected with described solid product particle outlet, and described material outlet is connected with described solid product particle entrance.
4. process the system of electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise further: reduction-annealing device, described reduction-annealing device has slag entrance and product exit, and described slag entrance is connected with described slag outlet.
5. process the system of electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise further: refining plant, described refining plant has smoke inlet and flue outlet, and described smoke inlet is connected with described exhanst gas outlet.
6. process the system of electronic waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described smelting device comprises:
Body of heater, is limited with the cavity of open upper end in described body of heater, described cavity has path district and is positioned at the great Jing district above described path district, and the internal diameter in described great Jing district is greater than the internal diameter in described path district, and described path district is provided with discharge outlet;
Furnace roof, described furnace roof is located on described body of heater and the upper end of cavity described in capping, and described furnace roof is vaulted, and the top of described furnace roof is provided with charging opening, gun slot;
Draft flue, described draft flue tilt upward be located at described body of heater sidewall on, described draft flue and described cavity connects;
Spray gun, described spray gun to be located in described gun slot and to extend downward in described path district,
Watercooling jacket, described watercooling jacket is located at described body of heater outside and forms package structure to described body of heater and described draft flue,
Wherein, described draft flue is located on the sidewall of described body of heater corresponding to described great Jing district,
The angular range θ of described draft flue and horizontal plane meets: 0 < θ < 90 °,
There is between described great Jing district and described path district the zone of transition that internal diameter increases from bottom to top gradually,
The sidewall of described body of heater is provided with wind-supplying mouth,
Described wind-supplying mouth is located on the sidewall of described body of heater corresponding to described great Jing district,
Described charging opening place is provided with the tightness system stoping flue gas by described charging opening loss,
The top of described furnace roof is also provided with burner mouth, and described smelting device also comprises burner, and described burner is located at described burner mouth place and extends downward in described great Jing district,
Described discharge outlet comprises: Pai Tongkou, and described row's copper mouth is located at the bottom of described body of heater; Slag-drip opening, described slag-drip opening is positioned at the top of described row's copper mouth,
Described furnace roof is also provided with the gauge hatch for stretching into measuring scale,
The sidewall of described body of heater is provided with clean mouth, and described clean mouth is contiguous described furnace roof in the vertical direction.
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| US10584399B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2020-03-10 | Blueoak Arkansas | Process and system for recycling E-waste material |
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| US10584399B2 (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2020-03-10 | Blueoak Arkansas | Process and system for recycling E-waste material |
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Address after: 331100 Jiangxi province Yichun Fengcheng four road resource recycling industry park Patentee after: Jiangxi Huagan Ruilin Precious Metal Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 331100 Jiangxi Yichun Fengcheng city resources recycling industry base Patentee before: JIANGXI NERIN RARE AND PRECIOUS METALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |