CN204168025U - Low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN204168025U CN204168025U CN201420614344.7U CN201420614344U CN204168025U CN 204168025 U CN204168025 U CN 204168025U CN 201420614344 U CN201420614344 U CN 201420614344U CN 204168025 U CN204168025 U CN 204168025U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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Abstract
A kind of low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle, relates to technical field of motors, and what solve is that existing motor torque ripple is high and the technical problem that electric efficiency is low.This motor comprises stators and rotators, there is between stator and rotor uniform radial air gap, the outer peripheral face of described rotor is axisymmetric is fixed with the bending permanent magnetism magnetic pole of multiple convex, described permanent magnetism magnetic pole is sequentially spliced along the circumference of rotor by the convex magnet steel of polylith diametrical magnetization, magnet steel centered by the magnet steel being positioned at centre position wherein, other magnet steel is sidepiece magnet steel, sidepiece magnet steel has even numbered blocks, each sidepiece magnet steel symmetry is laid in magnet steel both sides, center, and the consistency of thickness of each sidepiece magnet steel; The consistency of thickness of each magnet steel and the width of center magnet steel are greater than the width of sidepiece magnet steel, or the thickness of center magnet steel is greater than the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel.The motor that the utility model provides, is specially adapted to electric automobile.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to motor technology, particularly relates to a kind of technology of low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle.
Background technology
Electric automobile is as clean, energy-conservation new traffic tool, and its maximum advantage is " zero discharge ".Because it does not pollute in the process of moving, thermal radiation is low, and noise is little, does not consume gasoline, can apply various energy resources, easy maintenance, becomes current automobile research and development focus.Motor is the core of electrical drive system, and the performance of motor, efficiency directly affect the performance of electric automobile.Be applicable in high-quality permanent magnet drive motors used for electric vehicle exploitation at present, also there is various technical bottleneck, have that noise is large, torque ripple is large, power density is low, overload capacity is low and the defect such as poor reliability, be difficult to the requirement meeting industrialization.
Utility model content
For the defect existed in above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model be to provide a kind of torque and torque fluctuations low, and the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle that electric efficiency is high.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, one provided by the utility model low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic used for electric vehicle motor, comprise stators and rotators, there is between stator and rotor uniform radial air gap, the outer peripheral face of described rotor is axisymmetric is fixed with multiple circumferential convex curved surface installing type permanent magnetism magnetic pole along rotor, and each permanent magnetism magnetic pole is laid along the circumferential interval of rotor;
It is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism magnetic pole is sequentially spliced along the circumference of rotor by the convex magnet steel of polylith diametrical magnetization, magnet steel centered by the magnet steel being positioned at centre position wherein, other magnet steel is sidepiece magnet steel, sidepiece magnet steel has even numbered blocks, each sidepiece magnet steel symmetry is laid in magnet steel both sides, center, and the consistency of thickness of each sidepiece magnet steel;
The consistency of thickness of each magnet steel and the width of center magnet steel are greater than the width of sidepiece magnet steel, or the thickness of center magnet steel is greater than the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel.
Further, the thickness of described center magnet steel is greater than the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel, if the thickness of center magnet steel is h1, the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel is h2, then have h1 to be more than or equal to 1.5 times of h2, and be less than or equal to 2 times of h2.
Further, described sidepiece magnet steel has two pieces.
Further, the consistency of thickness of each magnet steel and the width of center magnet steel are greater than the width of sidepiece magnet steel;
In each sidepiece magnet steel, if two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel are laid on the bilateral symmetry position of center magnet steel respectively, then the width of these two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel is consistent, if the spacing of two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel and center magnet steel is different, the width of the sidepiece magnet steel that Ze Ju center magnet steel is near, is greater than the width apart from center magnet steel sidepiece magnet steel far away.
Further, described sidepiece magnet steel has four pieces.
Further, if the width angle that the width angle of center magnet steel is two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel that 4 θ, Ze Yu center magnet steel is adjacent is 3 θ, the width angle of another two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel is θ.
Further, the gap of 0.5 ~ 1.5mm is left between adjacent magnet steel.
Further, the stator coring groove bottom land center of described stator has the auxiliary tooth protruded towards rotor direction, the stator coring groove at its place is divided into two pilot trench by described auxiliary tooth in the circumference of stator, and the increment of auxiliary tooth extends to the notch of the stator coring groove at its place.
The low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle that the utility model provides, by the optimization to permanent magnetism magnetic pole structure and the mode of setting up auxiliary tooth in stator coring groove, reduce torque and the torque fluctuations of motor, improve electric efficiency, motor integrated quality is increased substantially, electronic, hybrid vehicle can be met and drive requirement, realize high power density, low noise, low, wide range speed control, fast-response, frequent starting and even running.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model first embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the permanent magnetism magnetic pole structural representation in the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model first embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of the permanent magnetism magnetic pole in the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model first embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the air-gap field oscillogram of the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model first embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the permanent magnetism magnetic pole structural representation in the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model second embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the performance chart of the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model second embodiment, and the rated power of this motor is 40KW, and rated speed is 3000KW;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model the 3rd embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model the 3rd embodiment;
Fig. 9 is in the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of other embodiment of the utility model, and stator coring groove adopts the schematic diagram of open slot;
Figure 10 is in the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of other embodiment of the utility model, and stator coring groove adopts the schematic diagram of band cut type open slot;
Figure 11 is the torque ripple comparison of wave shape figure of existing motor and first, second embodiment of the utility model.
Embodiment
Illustrate below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and be described in further detail embodiment of the present utility model, but the present embodiment is not limited to the utility model, every employing analog structure of the present utility model and similar change thereof, all should list protection range of the present utility model in.
As Figure 1-3, the one low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic used for electric vehicle motor that the utility model first embodiment provides, comprise stator 1 and rotor 2, there is between stator and rotor uniform radial air gap, the outer peripheral face of described rotor 2 is axisymmetric is fixed with multiple circumferential convex curved surface installing type permanent magnetism magnetic pole 3 along rotor, and each permanent magnetism magnetic pole 3 is laid along the circumferential interval of rotor;
It is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism magnetic pole 3 is sequentially spliced along the circumference of rotor by the convex magnet steel 301,302,303 of three pieces of diametrical magnetizations, magnet steel centered by the magnet steel 302 being positioned at centre position wherein, another two blocks of magnet steel 301,303 are sidepiece magnet steel, two pieces of sidepiece magnet steel 301,303 symmetries are laid in center magnet steel 302 both sides, and the consistency of thickness of two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 301,303;
The thickness of described center magnet steel 302 is greater than the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel 301,303, if the thickness of center magnet steel 302 is h1, the thickness of two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 301,303 is h2, then have h1 to be more than or equal to 1.5 times of h2, and be less than or equal to 2 times of h2.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that permanent magnetism magnetic pole in the utility model first embodiment is arranged on rotor 2 outer peripheral face, and the α in figure is permanent-magnet pole angle, and β is polar arc angle, automobile permanent magnet motor stator teeth groove and rotor permanent magnet interact and cause torque ripple, produce machinery and electromagnetic noise, affect motor even running and reliability, keep even radial air gap situation between rotor under, the convex permanent magnetism magnetic pole 3 adopting three blocks of convex magnet steel to be spliced into thick middle both sides thin can improve motor gas-gap field waveform, its air-gap field waveform as shown in Figure 4, as can be seen from Figure 4, the air-gap field waveform of motor is tending towards sinusoidal wave (the curve n in Fig. 4) by square wave (the curve m in Fig. 4), thus effectively reduce electromechanics and electromagnetic noise and suppression torque ripple.
As shown in Figure 5, the difference of the utility model second embodiment and the first embodiment is: the permanent magnetism magnetic pole in the second embodiment is by the convex magnet steel 311 of five pieces of diametrical magnetizations, 312, 313, 314, 315 are sequentially spliced along the circumference of rotor, the consistency of thickness of these five blocks of magnet steel, and between adjacent magnet steel, leave the gap of 0.5 ~ 1.5mm, magnet steel centered by the magnet steel 313 being positioned at centre position wherein, another four blocks of magnet steel 311, 312, 314, 315 is sidepiece magnet steel, the width of center magnet steel 313 is wherein greater than the width of sidepiece magnet steel, four blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 311, 312, 314, 315 symmetries are laid in center magnet steel 313 both sides,
In each sidepiece magnet steel, if two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel are laid on the bilateral symmetry position of center magnet steel respectively, then the width of these two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel is consistent, if the spacing of two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel and center magnet steel is different, the width of the sidepiece magnet steel that Ze Ju center magnet steel is near, is greater than the width apart from center magnet steel sidepiece magnet steel far away;
That is: the width being laid in the two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 312,314 on the bilateral symmetry position of center magnet steel 313 is respectively consistent, and the width being laid in the two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 311,315 on the bilateral symmetry position of center magnet steel 313 is respectively consistent; The width of the two block sidepiece magnet steel 312,314 adjacent with center magnet steel 313, is greater than the width of another two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 311,315;
If the width angle of center magnet steel 313 is the width angle of two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 312,314 that 4 θ, Ze Yu center magnet steel 313 is adjacent be 3 θ, the width angle of another two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel 311,315 is θ.
The utility model second embodiment is according to power of motor size and rotor diameter adjustment, adopt five pieces of uniform thickness and not wide convex magnet steel is spliced into convex permanent magnetism magnetic pole, and gap is left between adjacent magnet steel, the permanent magnetism magnetic pole of this structure can improve motor gas-gap field waveform, significantly reduces permanent-magnet eddy current loss, improves electric efficiency, reduce the torque ripple that teeth groove causes, reduce mechanical oscillation, be conducive to motor frequent starting, improve overload capacity.
Fig. 6 is the performance chart of the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle of the utility model second embodiment, the rated power Pn of this motor is 40KW, rated speed is in other embodiment of 3000KW(the utility model, rated power and rated speed also can be other values), P, I, η, θ are wherein respectively power output, electric current, efficiency, motor torque angle, as can be seen from Figure 6, rated current In is 114.2A, rated point efficiency eta n is 97.2%, fully shows feature that is efficient, low torque fluctuation.
As shown in Figure 7, the difference of the utility model the 3rd embodiment and the first embodiment is: the permanent magnetism magnetic pole in the 3rd embodiment is made up of monolithic tile-type magnet steel, there is at the bottom land center of the stator coring groove 101 of stator the auxiliary tooth 102 protruded towards rotor direction, the stator coring groove 101 at its place is divided into two pilot trench by described auxiliary tooth 102 in the circumference of stator, and the increment of auxiliary tooth 102 extends to the notch of the stator coring groove 101 at its place.
The utility model the 3rd embodiment arranges auxiliary tooth at the stator coring groove bottom land of stator, be equivalent to add number of slots, can under the condition not increasing number of slots, improve the first-harmonic number of times (frequency) of cogging torque fluctuation, reduce teeth groove first-harmonic and high order harmonic component torque amplitude, reduce the torque ripple that teeth groove causes, its operation principle as shown in Figure 8, r1 in Fig. 8 is permanent-magnet pole angle, r2 is polar arc angle, at the stator coring groove bottom land of stator, auxiliary tooth is set, pole center d axle and interpolar q Axial and radial power can be made to tend to balance, make motor synthesize torque ripple significantly to reduce (reducing 30 ~ 45%), reduce mechanical oscillation, noise and back-emf harmonic wave, reduce core loss, realize motor efficient, high power density, high reliability, low noise, the features such as low smooth fluctuations operation.
The utility model the 3rd embodiment also can be used for the stator of the first embodiment and the second embodiment in the mode that the stator coring groove bottom land of stator arranges auxiliary tooth.
In the utility model the 3rd embodiment, stator coring groove is the semi-enclosed slot that notch inside (namely towards auxiliary tooth direction) shrinks;
As shown in Figure 9, in other embodiment of the utility model, stator coring groove 111 also can be the open slot that notch flushes with cell wall, and auxiliary tooth 112 is arranged on stator coring groove 111 center.
As shown in Figure 10, in other embodiment of the utility model, stator coring groove 121 also can be that notch flushes with cell wall, and offers otch 123(in the nearly notch of stator coring groove 121 cell wall and lay slot wedge) band cut type open slot, auxiliary tooth 122 is arranged on stator coring groove 121 center.
Figure 11 is the torque ripple comparison of wave shape figure of existing motor and first, second embodiment of the utility model, Tr in Figure 11 is composite wave dynamic torque, θ is motor torque angle, curve A is the torque ripple waveform of the existing motor that permanent magnetism magnetic pole is made up of the wide magnet steel of polylith uniform thickness, and its peak value composite wave dynamic torque is 1.5Nm; Curve B is the torque ripple waveform of the utility model first embodiment, and its peak value composite wave dynamic torque is 1.25Nm; Curve C is the torque ripple waveform of the utility model second embodiment, and its peak value composite wave dynamic torque is 1.0Nm;
As can be seen from Figure 11, compare existing motor, the peak value cogging torque of first, second embodiment of the utility model is effectively suppressed, and motor integrated quality is increased substantially, and realizes high power density, efficient, low noise, low smooth fluctuations operation.
The utility model first, second, third embodiment is more as shown in table 1 with the motor performance of two kinds of existing motors of same specification, in table 1, D1 is the existing motor that permanent magnetism magnetic pole is made up of monolithic tile-type magnet steel, D2 is the existing motor that permanent magnetism magnetic pole is made up of the wide magnet steel of polylith uniform thickness, D3 is the motor of the utility model first embodiment, D4 is the motor of the utility model second embodiment, and D5 is the motor of the utility model the 3rd embodiment;
Table 1:
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | |
| Rated output power (KW) | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 |
| Specified Driving Torque (Nm) | 127 | 127 | 127 | 127 | 127 |
| Rated speed (r/min) | 3000 | 3000 | 3000 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Rated current (A) | 141.5 | 138.3 | 123 | 114.2 | 136.5 |
| Cogging torque (Nm) | 7.25 | 6.2 | 2.8 | 2.65 | 2.76 |
| Cogging torque fluctuation (%) | 5.7 | 4.9 | 2.2 | 2 | 2.2 |
| Efficiency (%) | 94.5 | 95.6 | 96.8 | 97.2 | 96.2 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the cogging torque fluctuation of the utility model first, second, third embodiment is reduced to 2.2%, 2%, 2.2% respectively, electric current under nominal torque is reduced to 123A, 114.2A, 136.5A respectively, efficiency brings up to 96.8%, 97.2%, 96.2% respectively, and electric machine combination property is significantly improved.
In sum, the each embodiment of the utility model effectively can improve the combination property of motor, motor integrated quality is increased substantially, meets electronic, hybrid vehicle driving requirement, realize high power density, low noise, Low-torque fluctuation, wide range speed control, fast-response, frequent starting and even running.
Claims (8)
1. a low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle, comprise stators and rotators, there is between stator and rotor uniform radial air gap, the outer peripheral face of described rotor is axisymmetric is fixed with multiple circumferential convex curved surface installing type permanent magnetism magnetic pole along rotor, and each permanent magnetism magnetic pole is laid along the circumferential interval of rotor;
It is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism magnetic pole is sequentially spliced along the circumference of rotor by the convex magnet steel of polylith diametrical magnetization, magnet steel centered by the magnet steel being positioned at centre position wherein, other magnet steel is sidepiece magnet steel, sidepiece magnet steel has even numbered blocks, each sidepiece magnet steel symmetry is laid in magnet steel both sides, center, and the consistency of thickness of each sidepiece magnet steel;
The consistency of thickness of each magnet steel and the width of center magnet steel are greater than the width of sidepiece magnet steel, or the thickness of center magnet steel is greater than the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel.
2. low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described center magnet steel is greater than the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel, if the thickness of center magnet steel is h1, the thickness of sidepiece magnet steel is h2, then there is h1 to be more than or equal to 1.5 times of h2, and be less than or equal to 2 times of h2.
3. low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described sidepiece magnet steel has two pieces.
4. low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the consistency of thickness of each magnet steel and the width of center magnet steel are greater than the width of sidepiece magnet steel;
In each sidepiece magnet steel, if two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel are laid on the bilateral symmetry position of center magnet steel respectively, then the width of these two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel is consistent, if the spacing of two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel and center magnet steel is different, the width of the sidepiece magnet steel that Ze Ju center magnet steel is near, is greater than the width apart from center magnet steel sidepiece magnet steel far away.
5. low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described sidepiece magnet steel has four pieces.
6. low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: set the width angle of center magnet steel as 4 θ, the width angle of two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel that Ze Yu center magnet steel is adjacent is 3 θ, and the width angle of another two blocks of sidepiece magnet steel is θ.
7. low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the gap leaving 0.5 ~ 1.5mm between adjacent magnet steel.
8. the low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 4, it is characterized in that: the stator coring groove bottom land center of described stator has the auxiliary tooth protruded towards rotor direction, the stator coring groove at its place is divided into two pilot trench by described auxiliary tooth in the circumference of stator, and the increment of auxiliary tooth extends to the notch of the stator coring groove at its place.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420614344.7U CN204168025U (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420614344.7U CN204168025U (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Low torque fluctuation permanent magnetic motor used for electric vehicle |
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| CN204168025U true CN204168025U (en) | 2015-02-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106160388B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-11-30 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | A kind of Low gullet torque brshless DC motor optimization method |
-
2014
- 2014-10-22 CN CN201420614344.7U patent/CN204168025U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106160388B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-11-30 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | A kind of Low gullet torque brshless DC motor optimization method |
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