CN204144970U - Pwm signal generating apparatus and battery electric quantity active equalization control system - Google Patents
Pwm signal generating apparatus and battery electric quantity active equalization control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model proposes a kind of pwm signal generating apparatus and battery electric quantity active equalization control system, wherein, battery electric quantity active equalization control system comprises: pwm signal generating apparatus; The switch element be connected with the second output of pwm signal generating apparatus, switch element comprises N number of output and exports the identical pwm signal in N road; Two-way flyback DC-DC module, comprises the master control submodule be connected with the first output of pwm signal generating apparatus and the N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule be connected with N number of output of switch element respectively; Battery pack, comprise the cell that N joint is connected mutually, battery pack is in parallel with master control submodule, and flyback DC-DC submodule two-way with is in parallel respectively often to save cell.Battery electric quantity active equalization control system of the present utility model can the electricity of fast uniform battery pack, and structure is simple, and volume is little, and cost is low, and Universal and scalability is good.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to battery set management technical field, particularly a kind of pwm signal generating apparatus and the battery electric quantity active equalization control system comprising this device.
Background technology
At present; BMS(Battery Management System; battery management system) be an important component part of new-energy automobile; good battery management system can monitor at any time whole battery pack SOC (State Of Charge, charged state), keep the equilibrium of every batteries electricity, carry out the such as overvoltage of omnibearing battery protection, under-voltage, overcurrent and excess temperature, reduction stand-by power consumption, carry out fault self-checking, carry out reliable communication etc.Existing high-tension battery group is made up of multi-section lithium ion battery usually, due to Li-ion batteries piles can not as single power supply charging and discharging, thus the SOC often saving lithium ion battery to be remained on the process of particular range usually extremely complicated for BMS.In fact, owing to there is otherness when lithium ion battery manufactures, the capacity often saving lithium ion battery is general slightly different, battery poor in battery pack during use is faster than other cell degradation speed, As time goes on this capacity volume variance can increase gradually, especially capacity is slightly smaller than to the battery of other battery, the charged state of these batteries will depart from gradually after multiple charging and discharging cycle, if the charged state of every batteries does not obtain periodically balanced in battery pack, so percentage of batteries finally will damage owing to overcharging or discharge, final battery pack breaks down.Therefore, if BMS has make the function that in battery pack, every batteries electricity is kept in balance, then the useful life of battery pack can effectively be extended.
In known technology, the mode that BMS controls battery electric quantity equilibrium is divided into active equalization and passive balanced two kinds, and at present, what market provided is all passive balanced way product, and active equalization mode product is also in experiment development.Wherein, passive equilibrium realizes battery electric quantity equilibrium by power resistor consuming cells electricity electricity to be converted to heat energy, electricity is not recovered, do not reach the requirement of environmental protection, in addition, because resistor power is limited, cause equal power little long with time for balance, moreover resistive dissipation will cause temperature in battery pack to rise, and there is risk.Active equalization can well improve the above defect of passive equilibrium.Active equalization utilize power conversion by the corona discharge of high-voltage battery to low-voltage battery or by the corona discharge of whole battery pack to low-voltage battery, alternatively, active equalization mode and charge balancing mode, charge balancing mode can be realized by electric capacity equilibrium and inductance equilibrium, wherein, the balanced equilibrium being realized every batteries electricity in battery pack by a large amount of electric capacity of electric capacity, inductance equilibrium carrys out by driving switch pipe the transmission that control transformer carries out energy, thus realizes the equilibrium of every batteries electricity in battery pack.
The shortcoming of known technology is: the small product size of electric capacity balanced way is large, cost is high, time for balance is long, driving isolation can not be carried out, inductance balanced way utilizes external conventional transformer to carry out Magnetic isolation and transferring energy to the high-pressure side of drive circuit and low-pressure side, but volume is large, cost is high, there is the problem such as loss and magnetic bias, and for PWM (Pulse Width Modulation that the drive circuit of inductance balanced way produces, pulse width modulation) drive singal fixes, and Universal and scalability is poor.Therefore, there is necessity that known technology is improved.
Utility model content
The object of the utility model embodiment is intended to solve one of above-mentioned technical problem at least to a certain extent.
For this reason, an object of the utility model embodiment is to propose a kind of pwm signal generating apparatus, this pwm signal generating apparatus can generate two-way each other oppositely and the pwm signal that can mutually exchange, expanded the application of pwm signal generating apparatus in bi-directional power greatly, Universal and scalability is better.
Another object of the utility model embodiment is to propose a kind of battery electric quantity active equalization control system, this battery electric quantity active equalization control system can the electricity of fast uniform battery pack, structure is simple, volume is little, equalization efficiency is high, Universal and scalability is good, and cost and loss low, easily realize.
For achieving the above object, the utility model embodiment proposes a kind of pwm signal generating apparatus on the one hand, and this pwm signal generating apparatus comprises: for the pulse signal generating apparatus of production burst signal; For carrying out counting according to described pulse signal and generating the counter of count value, described counter is connected with described pulse signal generating apparatus; For described count value and default count threshold being compared and exporting the comparator of comparison signal, described comparator is connected with described counter; For adjusting Dead Time and producing the dead band generator of the first reverse each other dead zone signals and the second dead zone signals according to described comparison signal, the input of described dead band generator is connected with the output of described comparator; Select module for generating first of the first output signal according to described first dead zone signals and the first control signal, described first selects the first input end of module to be connected with the first output of described dead band generator; Select module for generating second of the second output signal according to described second dead zone signals and the second control signal, described second selects the first input end of module to be connected with the second output of described dead band generator; For selecting module according to the 3rd of the 3rd control signal, described first output signal and described second output signal generation first pwm signal, described 3rd selects the first input end and described first of module to select the output of module to be connected, described 3rd selects second input and described second of module to select the output of module to be connected, and the output of described 3rd selection module is as the first output of described pwm signal generating apparatus; Select signal to generate the 4th of the second pwm signal for selecting signal and described second according to the 4th control signal, described first and select module, described 4th selects the first input end and described second of module to select the output of module to be connected, described 4th selects second input and described first of module to select the output of module to be connected, and the output of described 4th selection module is as the second output of described pwm signal generating apparatus; And adjust described Dead Time for controlling described dead band generator, and generating the controller of described first control signal, described second control signal, described 3rd control signal and described 4th control signal, described controller and the control end, described first of described dead band generator select the control end of module, described second to select the control end of module, the described 3rd to select the control end of module to select the control end of module to be connected respectively with the described 4th.
The pwm signal generating apparatus of the utility model embodiment selects module and the 4th to select module to select module and the second selection signal selecting module to export to select to first by increase the 3rd, and then generate two-way each other oppositely, there is Dead Time and the pwm signal that can mutually exchange, expanded the application of pwm signal generating apparatus in bi-directional power greatly, Universal and scalability is better.
For achieving the above object, the utility model embodiment also proposed a kind of battery electric quantity active equalization control system on the other hand, and this battery electric quantity active equalization control system comprises: described pwm signal generating apparatus; Switch element, described switch element is connected with the second output of described pwm signal generating apparatus, and described switch element comprises N number of output, and N number of output of described switch element exports the identical pwm signal in N road; Two-way flyback DC-DC module, described two-way flyback DC-DC module comprises master control submodule and N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule, described master control submodule is connected with the first output of described pwm signal generating apparatus, and described N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is connected with N number of output of described switch element respectively; And battery pack, described battery pack comprises the cell that N joint is connected mutually, and described battery pack is in parallel with described master control submodule, and flyback DC-DC submodule two-way with is in parallel respectively often to save cell.
The battery electric quantity active equalization control system of the utility model embodiment, when the electricity disequilibrium of battery pack, the pwm signal exported by control impuls width signal generating apparatus and switch element controls the work of two-way flyback DC-DC module, and then the electricity of balancing battery group.This battery electric quantity active equalization control system can the electricity of fast uniform battery pack, and structure is simple, and volume is little, and equalization efficiency is high, and Universal and scalability is good, and cost and loss low, easily realize.
The aspect that the utility model is additional and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The utility model above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will become obvious and easy understand from the following description of the accompanying drawings of embodiments, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the pwm signal generating apparatus according to the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is according to this waveform schematic diagram with the pwm signal generating apparatus of novel embodiment;
Fig. 3 is according to this block diagram with the pwm signal generating apparatus of novel embodiment;
Fig. 4 is according to this block diagram with the pwm signal generating apparatus of novel embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of the battery electric quantity active equalization control system according to the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the battery electric quantity active equalization control system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of the two-way flyback DC-DC module of battery electric quantity active equalization control system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the transformer of battery electric quantity active equalization control system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 is the sequential chart of the drive singal of battery electric quantity active equalization control system according to an embodiment of the present utility model; And
Figure 10 is the sequential chart of the drive singal of battery electric quantity active equalization control system according to another embodiment of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiment of the present utility model, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the utility model, and can not being interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
Disclosing hereafter provides many different embodiments or example is used for realizing different structure of the present utility model.Of the present utility model open in order to simplify, hereinafter the parts of specific examples and setting are described.Certainly, they are only example, and object does not lie in restriction the utility model.In addition, the utility model can in different example repeat reference numerals and/or letter.This repetition is to simplify and clearly object, itself does not indicate the relation between discussed various embodiment and/or setting.In addition, the various specific technique that the utility model provides and the example of material, but those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize the property of can be applicable to of other techniques and/or the use of other materials.In addition, fisrt feature described below second feature it " on " structure can comprise the embodiment that the first and second features are formed as directly contact, also can comprise other feature and be formed in embodiment between the first and second features, such first and second features may not be direct contacts.
In description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, such as, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, also can be the connection of two element internals, can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be.
With reference to description below and accompanying drawing, by these and other aspects of clear embodiment of the present utility model.In these descriptions and accompanying drawing, specifically disclose some particular implementation in embodiment of the present utility model, represent some modes of the principle implementing embodiment of the present utility model, but should be appreciated that the scope of embodiment of the present utility model is not limited.On the contrary, embodiment of the present utility model comprise fall into attached claims spirit and intension within the scope of all changes, amendment and equivalent.
The pwm signal generating apparatus proposed according to the utility model embodiment and the battery electric quantity active equalization control system comprising this device are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the pwm signal generating apparatus 10 of the utility model embodiment comprises: pulse signal generating apparatus 101, counter 102, comparator 103, dead band generator 104, first select module 105, second to select module 106, the 3rd to select module 107, the 4th to select module 108 and controller 109.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 1, pulse signal generating apparatus 101 is for production burst signal CNT.Counter 102 is connected with pulse signal generating apparatus 101, and counter 102 is for carrying out counting and generating count value according to pulse signal CNT, and in practical application, counter 102 can be 16 digit counters.Comparator 103 is connected with counter 102, comparator 103 is for comparing count value and default count threshold and exporting comparison signal OVREF, particularly, when count value is greater than default count threshold, comparison signal OVREF overturns, and this hour counter 102 continues counting, until when counter 102 overflows, comparison signal OVREF overturns again, and counter 102 enters next count cycle.The input of dead band generator 104 is connected with the output of comparator 103, and dead band generator 104 is for adjusting Dead Time T1 and producing the first reverse each other dead zone signals P and the second dead zone signals N according to comparison signal.First selects the first input end of module 105 to be connected with the first output of dead band generator 104, and first selects module 105 for generating the first output signal according to the first dead zone signals P and the first control signal.Second selects the first input end of module 106 to be connected with the second output of dead band generator 104, and second selects module 106 for generating the second output signal according to the second dead zone signals N and the second control signal.3rd selects the first input end and first of module 107 to select the output of module 105 to be connected, 3rd selects second input and second of module 107 to select the output of module 106 to be connected, 3rd selects module 107 for according to the 3rd control signal, the first output signal and the second output signal generation first pwm signal Out_P, the 3rd first output of output as pwm signal generating apparatus 10 selecting module 107.4th selects module 108 first input end to select the output of module 106 to be connected with second, 4th selects second input and first of module 108 to select the output of module 105 to be connected, 4th selects module 108 for selecting signal and second to select signal to generate the second pwm signal Out_N according to the 4th control signal, first, and the 4th selects the output of module 108 as the second output of pwm signal generating apparatus 10.The control end of controller 109 and dead band generator 104, the control end of the first selection module 105, the control end of the second selection module 106, 3rd selects the control end of module 107 and the 4th to select the control end of module 108 to be connected respectively, controller 109 adjusts Dead Time T1 such as controller 109 for controlling dead error generator 104 and can adjust Dead Time T1 by the control end of register Deadtimereg controlling dead error generator 104 and can control the control end of the 3rd selection module 107 and the control end of the 4th selection module 108 by register Deadtimereg2, and generate the first control signal, second control signal, 3rd control signal and the 4th control signal.In embodiment of the present utility model, controller 109 such as can be the MCU(Micro Control Unit of customization, micro-control unit) or customization CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device, CPLD).
What needs further illustrated is, there is Dead Time T1 in the 3rd the first pwm signal Out_P selecting module 107 and the 4th to select module 108 to export and the second pwm signal Out_N, the components and parts that the components and parts that can prevent the first pwm signal Out_P from controlling and the second pwm signal Out_N control conducting simultaneously, particularly, Dead Time T1 is that the first pwm signal Out_P and the second pwm signal Out_N is simultaneously for high level or simultaneously for the low level time.In addition, it should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present utility model, the 3rd selects module 107 and the 4th select the pwm signal of module 108 output reverse each other and can exchange, therefore, the 3rd module 107 and the 4th is selected to select module 108 can export the pwm signal of multiple combination.Such as, when the 3rd selects module 107 and the 4th to select the input signal of module 108 to be X1X2 and X3X4 respectively, the first pwm signal Out_P and the second pwm signal Out_N can be X1X3, X1X4, X2X3 and X2X4.Therefore, the pwm signal generating apparatus of the utility model embodiment can be applied in bi-directional power and other industry widely, the fields such as such as solar power generation, special power supply and active equalization of battery.Further, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the waveform schematic diagram of clock signal C NT, comparison signal OVREF, the first pwm signal Out_P and the second pwm signal Out_N as shown in Figure 2, wherein, (1) be the waveform schematic diagram of clock signal C NT, (2) be the waveform schematic diagram of comparison signal OVREF, (3) are the waveform schematic diagram of the first pwm signal Out_P, and (4) are the waveform schematic diagram of the second pwm signal Out_N.
As shown in Figure 3, in an embodiment of the present utility model, pwm signal generating apparatus 10 can also comprise the first inverter 110 and the second inverter 111.Wherein, the input of the first inverter 110 and the first output of dead band generator 104 and first select the second input of module 105 to be connected respectively, first inverter 110 is for carrying out anti-phase to the first dead zone signals, and export the first inversion signal to the first selection module 105, the input of the second inverter 111 and the second output of dead band generator 104 and second select the second input of module 106 to be connected respectively, second inverter 111 for carrying out anti-phase to the second dead zone signals, and exports the second inversion signal to the second selection module 106.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 4, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the first selection module 105 can comprise first selector 112 and the first enable unit 113, second selects module 106 can comprise second selector 114 and the second enable unit 115.Wherein, first selector 112 is for select the first dead zone signals and the first inversion signal according to the first control signal and generate the first output signal, the first input end of first selector 112 is connected with the first output of dead band generator 104, second input of first selector 112 is connected with the output of the first inverter 110, and the control end of first selector 112 is connected with controller 109.First enable unit 113 is connected with controller 109 with the output of first selector 112 respectively, and the first output signal is closed or exported to the first enable unit 113 for the 5th control signal generated according to controller 109.Second selector 114 is for select the second dead zone signals and the second inversion signal according to the second control signal and generate the second output signal, the first input end of second selector 114 is connected with the second output of dead band generator 104, second input of second selector 114 is connected with the output of the second inverter 111, and the control end of second selector 114 is connected with controller 109.Second enable unit 115 is connected with controller 109 with the output of second selector 114 respectively, and the second output signal is closed or exported to the second enable unit 115 for the 6th control signal generated according to controller 109.Namely say, first selects module 105 and second to select module 106 can change the polarity of the first output signal and the second output signal, thus exports the signal of multiple combination.And first selects module 105 and second to select module 106 to be controlled by controller 109, such as controller 109 can control by register Deadtimereg1 the polarity that the control end of first selector 112 and the control end of second selector 114 change the first output signal and the second output signal, and controls the first enable unit 113 and the second enable unit 115 is closed or outputed signal.
Pwm signal generating apparatus of the present utility model selects module and the 4th to select module to select module and the second selection signal selecting module to export to select to first by increase the 3rd, and then generate two-way each other oppositely, there is Dead Time and the pwm signal that can mutually exchange, expanded the application of pwm signal generating apparatus in bi-directional power greatly, Universal and scalability is better.
Another aspect embodiment of the present utility model also proposes a kind of battery electric quantity active equalization control system.As shown in Figure 5, this battery electric quantity active equalization control system comprises: above-mentioned pwm signal generating apparatus 10, switch element 20, two-way flyback DC-DC module 30 and battery pack 40.Particularly, switch element 20 is connected with the second output of pwm signal generating apparatus 10, and switch element 20 comprises N number of output, the N number of output of switch element 20 export the identical pwm signal S1 in N road, S2 ... SN.Two-way flyback DC-DC module 30 comprise master control submodule 301 and N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule such as two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 302, two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 303 ... two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 30N+1, master control submodule 301 is connected with the first output of pwm signal generating apparatus 10, and N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is connected with N number of output of switch element 20 respectively.Battery pack 40 comprise N joint mutually series connection cell such as cell 401, cell 402 ... cell 40N, battery pack 40 is in parallel with master control submodule 301, and flyback DC-DC submodule two-way with is in parallel respectively often to save cell.It should be noted that, switch element 20 is also connected with controller 109, and N number of output of controller 109 control switch unit 20 exports one or more pwm signal any to control any one or more two-way flyback DC-DC submodule.In addition, the battery electric quantity active equalization control system of the utility model embodiment by carrying out software programming to realize the control to battery electric quantity active equalization process to controller 109, such as, can control the euqalizing current of system in active equalization process, time for balance and balanced way etc.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 6, master control submodule 301 comprises driver element 3011 and main Balance route unit 3012, wherein, the driver element 3011 of master control submodule 301 is connected with main Balance route unit 3012 respectively with the first output of pwm signal generating apparatus 10, and main Balance route unit 3012 is in parallel with battery pack 40.In addition, as shown in Figure 6, two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 302 such as, two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 303, two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 30N+1 comprises driver element 3011, driving isolation unit 3013 and from Balance route unit 3014, two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 302 such as, two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 303, the driver element 3011 of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 30N+1 is connected with driving isolation unit 3013 respectively with an output of switch element 20, driving isolation unit 3013 is connected with from Balance route unit 3014, cell is saved in parallel from Balance route unit 3014 and.
Particularly, in an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 7, driver element 3011 comprises: the first triode Q1, the first resistance R1, the second triode Q2, the 3rd triode Q3, the 4th triode Q4, the first power supply DC, the first diode D1, the second diode D2.Particularly, the emitter of the first triode Q1 connects publicly, the base stage of the first triode Q1 as the input of driver element 3011 with input drive signal.One end of first resistance R1 is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode Q1.The base stage of the second triode Q2 is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode Q1, and the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected with the other end of the first resistance R1.The base stage of the 3rd triode Q3 is connected with the emitter of the second triode Q2, and the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q3 is connected with the other end of the first resistance R1.The base stage of the 4th triode Q4 is connected with the base stage of the second triode Q2, and the collector electrode of the 4th triode Q4 connects publicly, and the emitter of the 4th triode Q4 is connected with the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3.The high level end of the first power supply DC is connected with the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q3, and the low level termination of the first power supply DC publicly.The negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected with the collector electrode of the 3rd triode Q3, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the emitter of the 3rd triode Q3, the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is as the first end of driver element 3011, and the anode of the first diode D1 is as the second end of driver element 3011.The negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with the anode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the second diode D2 connects publicly, and the anode of the second diode D2 is as the 3rd end of driver element 3011.It should be noted that, the first resistance R1 is the biasing resistor of the second triode Q2 and the 4th triode Q4.In addition, the multiple tube be made up of the second triode Q2 and the 3rd triode Q3, can increase the driving force of driver element 3011, and, when the second triode Q2 works together with Q4 with the multiple tube that the 3rd triode Q3 forms, can push-pull drive be carried out.In addition, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 plays clamp voltage to protect triode, and wherein, the first diode D1 is for the protection of the second triode Q2 and the 3rd triode Q3, and the second diode D2 is for the protection of the 4th triode Q4.
Particularly, in an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 7, main Balance route unit 3012 comprises: the second resistance R2, the first switching tube K1 and the first Transformer Winding L1.Wherein, one end of the second resistance R2 is as the first end of main Balance route unit 3012, and the other end of the second resistance R2 is as the second end of main Balance route unit 3012.The control end of the first switching tube K1 is connected with one end of the second resistance R2, second output of the first switching tube K1 is connected with the other end of the second resistance R2, second output of the first switching tube K1 is as the 3rd end of main Balance route unit 3012, publicly, and second output of the first switching tube K1 is connected with the low level end of battery pack 40 the low level termination of battery pack 40.One end of first Transformer Winding L1 is connected with first output of the first switching tube K1, the other end of the first Transformer Winding L1 is as the 4th end of main Balance route unit 3012, and the other end of the first Transformer Winding L1 is connected with the high level end of battery pack 40.It should be noted that, the second end of the driver element 3011 of master control submodule 301 is connected with the first end of main Balance route unit 3012, and the 3rd end of the driver element 3011 of master control submodule 301 is connected with the second end of main Balance route unit 3012.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 7, comprise from Balance route unit 3014: the 3rd diode D3, the 3rd resistance R3, second source DC1, the 4th diode D4, second switch pipe K2 and the second Transformer Winding L2.Wherein, the negative electrode of the 3rd diode D3 is as the first end from Balance route unit 3014, and the anode of the 3rd diode D3 is as the second end from Balance route unit 3014.One end of 3rd resistance R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the 3rd diode D3, and the other end of the 3rd resistance R3 is connected with the anode of the 3rd diode D3.The anode of the 4th diode D4 is connected with one end of the 3rd resistance R3, and the negative electrode of the 4th diode D4 is connected with second source DC1.The control end of second switch pipe K2 is connected with one end of the 3rd resistance R3, second output of second switch pipe K2 is connected with the other end of the 3rd resistance R3, second output of second switch pipe K2 is as the 3rd end from Balance route unit 3014, and second output of second switch pipe K2 is connected with a low level end saving cell.One end of second Transformer Winding L2 is connected with first output of second switch pipe K2, the other end of the second Transformer Winding L2 is as the 4th end from Balance route unit 3014, and the high level end that the other end and of the second Transformer Winding L2 saves cell is connected.It should be noted that, the 4th resistance R4 is for limiting the input current from Balance route unit 3014.3rd diode D3 and the 4th diode D4 plays clamp voltage to protect second switch pipe K2; particularly; D4 is used for the voltage between the control end of clamper second switch pipe K2 and the second output; this voltage is less than or equal to the voltage of second source DC1, thus prevents the control end of second switch pipe K2 from being broken by high voltage or big current.Further, second source DC1 can be obtained by access battery pack 40, such as, if the voltage of second source DC1 is 12V, the voltage that battery pack 40 often saves cell is 3V, then according to relational expression 12/3=4, calculate second source DC1 and be made up of four joint cells, namely say, the negative electrode of the 4th diode D4 receives the positive pole of Section 4 cell.
In addition, as shown in Figure 7, driving isolation unit 3013 comprises: the 4th resistance R4 and isolation capacitance C, one end of the 4th resistance R4 and two-way flyback DC-DC submodule such as two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 302, two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 303 ... second end of the driver element 3011 of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 30N+1 is connected.One end of isolation capacitance C is connected with the other end of the 4th resistance R4, and the other end of isolation capacitance C is connected with the first end from Balance route unit 3014, and the capacity of isolation capacitance C is much larger than the input capacitance of second switch pipe K2.It should be noted that, circuit structure shown in Fig. 7 is two-way flyback open loop structure, isolation capacitance C both sides altogether, driving isolation unit 3013 adopts isolation capacitance C to isolate the high-pressure side of many level driving circuits as shown in Figure 7 and low-pressure side, there is cost and loss is low, volume is little, there is not the advantages such as magnetic bias.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the drive singal of master control submodule 301 is the first pwm signal Out_P, the drive singal of N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule be respectively pwm signal S1, S2 ... SN.Further, when the drive singal of the driver element 3011 of master control submodule 301 and two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is low level, the first switching tube K1 and second switch pipe K2 is open-minded.When the drive singal of the driver element 3011 of master control submodule 301 and two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is high level; first switching tube K1 and second switch pipe K2 closes; and when the first switching tube K1 and second switch pipe K2 closes, the second resistance R2 and the 3rd resistance R3 releases electric charge to protect the first switching tube K1 and second switch pipe K2.In addition, in actual applications, the switching frequency of the first switching tube K1 and second switch pipe K2 can be 20KHZ, and the duty ratio of drive singal can be 50%.
Further, as shown in Figure 8, Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the transformer of battery electric quantity active equalization control system according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and this transformer is plane P CB(Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board (PCB)) flyback transformer.This transformer comprises winding such as the first Transformer Winding L1 and the second Transformer Winding L2.Further, the first Transformer Winding L1 is the armature winding of flyback transformer, and the second Transformer Winding L2 is the secondary winding of flyback transformer.It should be noted that, the flyback transformer of the battery electric quantity active equalization control system of the utility model embodiment generally includes an armature winding and multiple secondary winding, each Transformer Winding takies a PCB plane respectively, preferably, the locus of the PCB plane shared by armature winding is between the centre of the PCB plane shared by all secondary winding, thus the coupling coefficient of armature winding and secondary winding can be increased, reduce leakage flux.Compared with traditional transformer, planar PCB transformer has current density and efficiency is high, leakage inductance and EMI(Electromagnetic Interference, electromagnetic interference) radiation is low, volume is little, insulating properties and parameter favorable repeatability and operating frequency range and the advantage such as operating temperature range is wide.
Further, in an embodiment of the present utility model, controller 109 real-time sampling battery pack 40 often saves the voltage of cell, the voltage often saving cell is sorted from high to low, and ceiling voltage and minimum voltage are subtracted each other obtain voltage difference, voltage difference compares with predetermined voltage threshold again, if voltage difference is greater than predetermined voltage threshold, controller 109 starts Balance route.Further, controller 109 can adopt the balanced two kinds of modes of top equilibrium and bottom to control two-way flyback DC-DC module 30, and then realizes controlling the electric quantity balancing of battery pack 40.Particularly, the mode of controller 109 sampling battery voltage has a variety of, such as integrated IC(Integrated Circuit, integrated circuit) sampling, linear light lotus root is sampled, and electric resistance partial pressure sampling and equalizer transformer double as voltage sample etc.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the cell that voltage is the highest is cell 401, the cell that voltage is minimum is cell 402, and controller 109 adopts top balanced way to control the work of two-way flyback DC-DC module 30, controller 109 controls the sequential chart of the drive singal of pwm signal generating apparatus 10 and switch element 20 generation as shown in Figure 9, wherein, (5) be the sequential chart of pwm signal S1, (6) be the sequential chart of pwm signal S2, (7) be the sequential chart of the first pwm signal Out_P, wherein, T is the cycle of pwm signal.Particularly, controller 109 controls pwm signal generating apparatus 10 and switch element 20 output pwm signal S1, S2 and the first pwm signal Out_P respectively.Work as S1, S2 is low level, when Out_P is high level, the second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC the submodule 302 and second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 303 is open-minded, first switching tube K1 closes, the electricity of cell 401 is stored into the secondary winding be connected with cell 401, at S1, S2 is high level, when Out_P is low level, the second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC the submodule 302 and second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 303 closes, first switching tube K1 is open-minded, flyback transformer is discharged into whole battery pack after the electricity of the secondary winding be connected with cell 401 is stored into armature winding, circulation like this, until often save the electric quantity balancing of cell in battery pack 40.
In another embodiment of the present utility model, the cell that voltage is the highest is cell 403, the cell that voltage is minimum is cell 401, and controller 109 adopts bottom balanced way to control the work of two-way flyback DC-DC module 30, controller 109 controls the sequential chart of the drive singal of pwm signal generating apparatus 10 and switch element 20 generation as shown in Figure 10, wherein, (8) be the sequential chart of the first pwm signal Out_P, (9) be the sequential chart of pwm signal S1, (10) are the sequential chart of pwm signal S3.Particularly, controller 109 controls pwm signal generating apparatus 10 and switch element 20 output pwm signal S1, S2 and the first pwm signal Out_P respectively.When Out_P is low level, S1, when S2 is high level, first switching tube K1 is open-minded, the second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC the submodule 302 and second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 304 closes, the electricity of battery pack 40 is stored into armature winding, be high level at Out_P, S1, when S2 is low level, first switching tube K1 closes, the second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC the submodule 302 and second switch pipe K2 of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule 304 is open-minded, the electricity that armature winding stores is discharged into the secondary winding be connected with cell 401 by flyback transformer, circulation like this, until often save the electric quantity balancing of cell in battery pack 40.
It should be noted that, the battery electric quantity active equalization control system of the utility model embodiment, regardless of the drive singal that Out_P is master control submodule 301, S1, S2, SN is the drive singal of N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule, or S1, S2, SN is the drive singal of master control submodule 301, Out_P is the drive singal of N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule, the driving frequency of each drive singal and Dead Time T1 constant time, the configuration parameter of system and corresponding hardware circuit are (as inductance, resistance and electric capacity etc.) do not need to change yet, the pwm signal only need module 107 and the 4th being selected to select module 108 to export by the program control the 3rd changing controller 109, therefore, control flexibly, circuit design is convenient with use.
Battery electric quantity active equalization control system of the present utility model, adopt electric capacity to carry out many level driving isolation peace facial plane PCB flyback transformer and carry out electricity transmission, and when the electricity disequilibrium of battery pack, controlled the charge transport of two-way flyback DC-DC module by the drive singal controlling pwm signal generating apparatus and switch element generation, and then realize the equilibrium of battery electric quantity.This battery electric quantity active equalization control system, can from arbitrary joint cell shifting savings to whole battery pack, also can from whole battery pack shifting savings to arbitrary joint cell, balancing speed is fast, and efficiency is high, and structure is simple, volume is little, Universal and scalability is good, and cost and loss low, easily realize.
In the description of this specification, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, identical embodiment or example are not necessarily referred to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrate and described embodiment of the present utility model, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that and can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments when not departing from principle of the present utility model and spirit, scope of the present utility model is by claims and equivalency thereof.
Claims (12)
1. a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising:
For the pulse signal generating apparatus of production burst signal;
For carrying out counting according to described pulse signal and generating the counter of count value, described counter is connected with described pulse signal generating apparatus;
For described count value and default count threshold being compared and exporting the comparator of comparison signal, described comparator is connected with described counter;
For adjusting Dead Time and producing the dead band generator of the first reverse each other dead zone signals and the second dead zone signals according to described comparison signal, the input of described dead band generator is connected with the output of described comparator;
Select module for generating first of the first output signal according to described first dead zone signals and the first control signal, described first selects the first input end of module to be connected with the first output of described dead band generator;
Select module for generating second of the second output signal according to described second dead zone signals and the second control signal, described second selects the first input end of module to be connected with the second output of described dead band generator;
For selecting module according to the 3rd of the 3rd control signal, described first output signal and described second output signal generation first pwm signal, described 3rd selects the first input end and described first of module to select the output of module to be connected, described 3rd selects second input and described second of module to select the output of module to be connected, and the output of described 3rd selection module is as the first output of described pwm signal generating apparatus;
Select signal to generate the 4th of the second pwm signal for selecting signal and described second according to the 4th control signal, described first and select module, described 4th selects the first input end and described second of module to select the output of module to be connected, described 4th selects second input and described first of module to select the output of module to be connected, and the output of described 4th selection module is as the second output of described pwm signal generating apparatus; And
Described Dead Time is adjusted for controlling described dead band generator, and generating the controller of described first control signal, described second control signal, described 3rd control signal and described 4th control signal, described controller and the control end, described first of described dead band generator select the control end of module, described second to select the control end of module, the described 3rd to select the control end of module to select the control end of module to be connected respectively with the described 4th.
2. pwm signal generating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
For carrying out anti-phase to described first dead zone signals, and exporting first inverter of the first inversion signal to described first selection module, the input of described first inverter and the first output of described dead band generator and described first select the second input of module to be connected respectively; And
For carrying out anti-phase to described second dead zone signals, and exporting second inverter of the second inversion signal to described second selection module, the input of described second inverter and the second output of described dead band generator and described second select the second input of module to be connected respectively.
3. pwm signal generating apparatus as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described first selects module to comprise:
For to select described first dead zone signals and described first inversion signal according to described first control signal and generate the first selector of described first output signal, the first input end of described first selector is connected with the first output of described dead band generator, second input of described first selector is connected with the output of described first inverter, and the control end of described first selector is connected with described controller; And
The first enable unit of described first output signal is closed or exported to the 5th control signal for generating according to described controller, and described first enable unit is connected with described controller with the output of described first selector respectively.
4. pwm signal generating apparatus as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described second selects module to comprise:
For to select described second dead zone signals and described second inversion signal according to described second control signal and generate the second selector of described second output signal, the first input end of described second selector is connected with the second output of described dead band generator, second input of described second selector is connected with the output of described second inverter, and the control end of described second selector is connected with described controller; And
The second enable unit of described second output signal is closed or exported to the 6th control signal for generating according to described controller, and described second enable unit is connected with described controller with the output of described second selector respectively.
5. a battery electric quantity active equalization control system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Pwm signal generating apparatus as described in any one of claim 1-4;
Switch element, described switch element is connected with the second output of described pwm signal generating apparatus, and described switch element comprises N number of output, and N number of output of described switch element exports the identical pwm signal in N road;
Two-way flyback DC-DC module, described two-way flyback DC-DC module comprises master control submodule and N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule, described master control submodule is connected with the first output of described pwm signal generating apparatus, and described N number of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is connected with N number of output of described switch element respectively; And
Battery pack, described battery pack comprises the cell that N joint is connected mutually, and described battery pack is in parallel with described master control submodule, and flyback DC-DC submodule two-way with is in parallel respectively often to save cell.
6. battery electric quantity active equalization control system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described master control submodule comprises driver element and main Balance route unit, the driver element of described master control submodule is connected with described main Balance route unit respectively with the first output of described pwm signal generating apparatus, and described main Balance route unit is in parallel with described battery pack.
7. battery electric quantity active equalization control system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described two-way flyback DC-DC submodule comprises described driver element, driving isolation unit and from Balance route unit, the described driver element of two-way flyback DC-DC submodule is connected with described driving isolation unit respectively with the output of described switch element, described driving isolation unit is connected from Balance route unit with described, and described to save cell from Balance route unit and in parallel.
8. the battery electric quantity active equalization control system as described in any one of claim 6-7, it is characterized in that, described driver element comprises:
First triode, the emitter of described first triode connects publicly, and the base stage of described first triode is as the input of described driver element;
First resistance, one end of described first resistance is connected with the collector electrode of described first triode;
Second triode, the base stage of described second triode is connected with the collector electrode of described first triode, and the collector electrode of described second triode is connected with the other end of described first resistance;
3rd triode, the base stage of described 3rd triode is connected with the emitter of described second triode, and the collector electrode of described 3rd triode is connected with the other end of described first resistance;
4th triode, the base stage of described 4th triode is connected with the base stage of described second triode, and the collector electrode of described 4th triode connects publicly, and the emitter of described 4th triode is connected with the emitter of described 3rd triode;
First power supply, the high level end of described first power supply is connected with the collector electrode of described 3rd triode, and the low level termination of described first power supply is publicly;
First diode, the negative electrode of described first diode is connected with the collector electrode of described 3rd triode, the anode of described first diode is connected with the emitter of described 3rd triode, the negative electrode of described first diode is as the first end of described driver element, and the anode of described first diode is as the second end of described driver element; And
Second diode, the negative electrode of described second diode is connected with the anode of described first diode, and the anode of described second diode connects publicly, and the anode of described second diode is as the 3rd end of described driver element.
9. battery electric quantity active equalization control system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described main Balance route unit comprises:
Second resistance, one end of described second resistance is as the first end of described main Balance route unit, and the other end of described second resistance is as the second end of described main Balance route unit;
First switching tube, the control end of described first switching tube is connected with one end of described second resistance, second output of described first switching tube is connected with the other end of described second resistance, and the second output of described first switching tube is as the 3rd end of described main Balance route unit; And
First Transformer Winding, one end of described first Transformer Winding is connected with the first output of described first switching tube, and the other end of described first Transformer Winding is as the 4th end of described main Balance route unit.
10. battery electric quantity active equalization control system as claimed in claim 9, described in it is characterized in that, describedly to comprise from Balance route unit:
3rd diode, the negative electrode of described 3rd diode is as the described first end from Balance route unit, and the anode of described 3rd diode is as described the second end from Balance route unit;
3rd resistance, one end of described 3rd resistance is connected with the negative electrode of described 3rd diode, and the other end of described 3rd resistance is connected with the anode of described 3rd diode;
Second source;
4th diode, the anode of described 4th diode is connected with one end of described 3rd resistance, and the negative electrode of described 4th diode is connected with described second source;
Second switch pipe, the control end of described second switch pipe is connected with one end of described 3rd resistance, second output of described second switch pipe is connected with the other end of described 3rd resistance, and the second output of described second switch pipe is as described the 3rd end from Balance route unit; And
Second Transformer Winding, one end of described second Transformer Winding is connected with the first output of described second switch pipe, and the other end of described second Transformer Winding is as described the 4th end from Balance route unit.
11. battery electric quantity active equalization control system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described driving isolation unit comprises:
4th resistance, described one end of 4th resistance is connected with the second end of described driver element; And
Isolation capacitance, one end of described isolation capacitance is connected with the other end of described 4th resistance, and the other end of described isolation capacitance is connected with the described first end from Balance route unit.
12. battery electric quantity active equalization control system as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Planar printed circuit board PCB transformer, described planar PCB transformer comprises multiple PCB plane, and described first Transformer Winding and the second Transformer Winding lay respectively at different PCB planes.
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| CN201320775433.5U CN204144970U (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2013-11-29 | Pwm signal generating apparatus and battery electric quantity active equalization control system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104767246A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-08 | 山东大学 | Distributed type cascadable isolation equalization circuit and control method |
| CN105656157A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-06-08 | 陈永利 | Multipolar bidirectional DC-DC lithium battery pack lossless balancing technology |
| CN106230045A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of based on the two-way active equalization circuit synchronizing flyback DC/DC changer |
| CN108539812A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-14 | 上海空间电源研究所 | High pressure lithium-ions battery equalizing circuit, equalization methods and accumulator |
| WO2023021267A1 (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2023-02-23 | Cirrus Logic International Semiconductor Limited | Cell balancing |
-
2013
- 2013-11-29 CN CN201320775433.5U patent/CN204144970U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104767246A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-08 | 山东大学 | Distributed type cascadable isolation equalization circuit and control method |
| CN105656157A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-06-08 | 陈永利 | Multipolar bidirectional DC-DC lithium battery pack lossless balancing technology |
| CN106230045A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of based on the two-way active equalization circuit synchronizing flyback DC/DC changer |
| CN108539812A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-14 | 上海空间电源研究所 | High pressure lithium-ions battery equalizing circuit, equalization methods and accumulator |
| WO2023021267A1 (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2023-02-23 | Cirrus Logic International Semiconductor Limited | Cell balancing |
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Address after: 518119 No.1 Yan'an Road, Kuiyong street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: BYD Semiconductor Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518119 No.1 Yan'an Road, Kwai Chung street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: SHENZHEN BYD MICROELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |
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