CN204144434U - Independent electric regulating intelligent antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an independent electrically adjustable smart antenna, which includes an antenna port and an antenna bottom plate. Several rows of vibrators are fixed on the antenna bottom plate, and each row of vibrators includes several groups of adjacent two vibrators, and also includes a power splitter board and a phase shifter. , electric adjustment rod; each group of adjacent two vibrators on the back of the antenna base plate is connected to an active distribution board, and the output ends of the power distribution board are respectively electrically connected to two sets of phase shifters; the phase shifter is fixed on the back of the antenna base board, The phase shifter includes a phase shifter circuit board and a coupling plate. Two impedance lines are welded on the phase shifter circuit board and are electrically connected through the coupling plate; one end of the coupling plate is movably fixed on the antenna base plate, and the other end is connected to the electrical Tie rod connection. The utility model separates the signals of different frequency bands through the power splitter board, reduces the number of antennas, and solves the problem of tight space on the sky; the utility model also drives the coupling plate on the phase shifter through the electric adjustment rod to change the impedance, realizing Independent electrical adjustment of the downtilt angle of the radiation waveform in different frequency bands of the antenna.

Description

Independent ESC Smart Antenna

【Technical field】

The utility model relates to a TD-LTE base station antenna, in particular to an independent electrically adjustable smart antenna.

【Background technique】

With the issuance of 4G licenses, base station construction has entered a period of rapid development, and antennas have an increasing impact on network performance and user experience. How to select the most suitable antenna when deploying a 4G network to ensure the best network performance and user experience is an issue that mobile operators are increasingly concerned about. In the deployment of 4G networks, if operators use traditional antennas, they often encounter the following challenges:

1. It is difficult to achieve optimal dual-band network performance at the same time. Since the coverage of the original FA frequency band is different from that of the newly added D frequency band, under the same downtilt angle, the coverage of the D frequency band will shrink by about 18% relative to the FA frequency band, and the mechanical downtilt adjustment method will easily affect the neighboring areas Coverage, interference, cannot guarantee TD-LTE cell edge user experience.

2. The sky space is tense. Today, with the coexistence of multiple frequency bands, the shortage of antenna space has become a prominent problem encountered by operators when deploying TD-LTE networks.

3. Construction and maintenance are difficult. Traditional antennas are bulky, and operators not only have difficulties in site selection and cable installation at the initial stage of construction, but also need to close the site for mechanical adjustment of antenna downtilt, and manual adjustments are time-consuming and laborious. At the same time, it is difficult to make network adjustments for beautifying sites.

4. Antenna weights are difficult to manage, which may easily cause cell coverage to be inconsistent with expectations. The traditional antenna weight setting method is manually set by site installers during site construction. However, there are differences in the weights designed by different antenna manufacturers. Once the weights are set incorrectly, the broadcast beam of the smart antenna will be distorted, resulting in coverage deformation, which will seriously affect network performance.

In the period of rapid development of mobile broadband, traditional antennas are difficult to meet the demand.

【Content of utility model】

Based on this, it is necessary to address the problems in the prior art and provide an independent electrically adjustable smart antenna to solve the problem of insufficient structure and performance of the traditional antenna.

The specific content of the utility model embodiment is as follows:

An independent electronically adjustable smart antenna, including an antenna port and an antenna base plate. Several rows of vibrators are welded on the antenna base plate. Each row of vibrators includes several groups of adjacent two vibrators, and also includes a power splitter board, a phase shifter, and a power divider. adjust the rod;

An active power distribution board is connected between each group of two adjacent vibrators on the back of the antenna base plate, and the output ends of the power distribution boards are respectively electrically connected to two groups of phase shifters;

The phase shifter is fixed on the back side of the antenna base plate, and the phase shifter includes a phase shifter circuit board and a coupling plate. Two impedance lines are welded on the phase shifter circuit board, and are electrically connected through the coupling plate. Connection; one end of the coupling plate is movably fixed on the antenna base plate, and the other end is connected with the electric adjustment rod.

The utility model connects the power splitting board between two adjacent vibrators on the back of the antenna base plate through the vibrator co-array technology, and can directly separate signals of different frequency bands (such as signals of FA frequency band and D frequency band) in a group of vibrators. , which is equivalent to integrating antennas corresponding to different frequency band signals into one, thereby reducing the number of antennas and solving the problem of space shortage on the sky; the utility model uses connecting lines such as coaxial cables to connect the power distribution board to the phase shifter , combined to form a simple and practical feed system, which simplifies the complex multi-layer feed structure in the prior art; the utility model also drives the coupling plate on the phase shifter through the electric adjustment rod, thereby adjusting the length of the impedance line, The impedance is changed to realize the adjustment of the vertical inclination angle of the radiation waveform, and the independent electric adjustment of the downtilt angle of the radiation waveform in different frequency bands of the antenna is realized; the utility model has a compact overall structure, and the structure of the antenna is simple and convenient for mass production.

Further, the power splitter in the embodiment of the present utility model includes a power splitter and a combiner electrically connected to each other, and the signal power of the two vibrators passes through the power splitter, and the combiner directly separates signals of different frequencies, Therefore, the power distribution board is designed with a reasonable circuit, so that it has the advantages of small area and high isolation.

Further, the two impedance lines are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval is about 1/4 wavelength, which plays the role of impedance matching.

Further, an electric inclination adjustment knob is connected to the other end of the electric adjustment rod, so as to facilitate independent electric adjustment of downtilt angles of radiation waveforms in different frequency bands.

Further, it also includes a down-tilt angle gauge, and the down-tilt angle gauge is connected with the electric tilt angle adjustment knob to assist in the adjustment of the down-tilt angle.

Further, the surface of the coupling board is sprayed with solder resist paint for insulation.

Further, the FA frequency band calibration PCB board and the D frequency band calibration PCB board are respectively fixed on the two sides of the antenna base plate, and when the antenna is used as a common antenna for the FA frequency band and the D frequency band, it is convenient for calibration of the two frequency bands.

Further, it also includes an antenna spacer fixed between two adjacent rows of dipoles on the antenna bottom plate and/or a vibrator spacer fixed between two adjacent dipoles of each row of dipoles on the antenna bottom plate , to avoid mutual interference between signals.

Further, an antenna cover for covering the antenna base plate is provided to protect the antenna base plate and corresponding antenna components. The antenna cover is flat, cubic or cylindrical in appearance, which meets the requirements of different environments, and is beautiful and practical.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is a top view of an independent electronically adjustable smart antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the back of the antenna base plate in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution board in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifter in an embodiment of the present invention.

【Detailed ways】

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, only FA frequency band and D frequency band signals are used as examples to illustrate the independent electronically adjustable smart antenna of the present invention, which cannot limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Electrically adjustable smart antennas are also applicable to signals in other frequency bands.

Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 at the same time, wherein Fig. 1 is a top view of an independent electrically adjustable smart antenna of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the back of the antenna base plate of the present invention.

An independent electronically adjustable smart antenna, including an antenna port 2 and an antenna base plate 8, the type of the antenna port 2 can be determined according to user needs, a number of rows of vibrators 6 are fixed on the antenna base plate 8, and each row of vibrators includes several adjacent groups of two The vibrator also includes a power splitter 11, a phase shifter 12, and an electric adjustment rod 10; the power splitter 11 is fixed on the back of the antenna base plate 8, and is located between two adjacent vibrators in each group, as shown in Figure 3 , during production, the welding pins of the vibrator can be welded to the power distribution board 11, and then the power distribution board can be electrically connected to the two sets of phase shifters 12 by using a connecting line such as a coaxial cable to form a simple feeding system, which is compatible with the current Compared with the multi-layer feed structure in some products, it has been greatly simplified. In addition, in order to avoid mutual interference between signals, an antenna spacer 4 can be arranged between two adjacent rows of dipoles on the antenna base plate, and/or a vibrator can be arranged between two adjacent dipoles of each row of dipoles on the antenna base plate Separator 5.

The continuously variable phase shifter is the most critical component in the electronically adjustable antenna. It must have uniform phase change and small power distribution error, and at the same time, it must have good reliability and durability. In this embodiment, through the overall simulation of the vibrator and the phase shifter, an electrically adjustable antenna phase shifter that meets the requirements is designed. The phase shifter is made by two-layer PCB board superimposition technology, as shown in Figure 4. The phase shifter 12 is fixed on the back side of the antenna base plate as a novel phase shifter. The phase shifter 12 includes a phase shifter circuit board and a coupling plate. The phase shifter circuit board can adopt a high-frequency PCB board, and on the phase shifter circuit board There are two impedance lines welded, which are electrically connected through the coupling plate; preferably, the impedance lines are arranged at equal intervals, and the spacing is set at a quarter wavelength, which plays an impedance matching role. A debugging module is fixed on the coupling board. Through the debugging module, the electric adjustment range of the antenna can be controlled to 0-16 degrees. The coupling board adopts a polytetrafluoroethylene dielectric board with a dielectric constant range of 1-3. In order to ensure the insulation effect, solder resist paint can be sprayed on the surface of the coupling board. One end of the coupling plate is movably fixed on the antenna base plate 8, and the other end is connected to the electric adjustment rod 10. When the coupling plate slides on the impedance line of the phase shifter circuit board, the impedance can be changed by adjusting the length of the impedance line to realize radiation Waveform vertical plane tilt adjustment.

As shown in Figure 3, the power splitter 11 includes a power splitter and a combiner that are electrically connected to each other, so the feature of the power splitter 11 in this embodiment is that the power splitter function and the combiner function are set on the same board, so that the two After the signal power of the oscillator passes through the power divider, the signals of different frequencies are directly separated by the combiner to obtain the separated FA frequency band signal and D frequency band signal. The FA frequency band signal and the D frequency band signal respectively pass through two sets of phase shifters 12, and pass through Adjust the electric adjustment rod 10 to separately pull the coupling plate on the phase shifter 12, so that the downtilt angles of the radiation waveforms of the FA frequency band and the D frequency band of the antenna can be individually adjusted. The circuit design of the power distribution board in this embodiment is reasonable, with a smaller area and higher isolation.

In the process of pulling the coupling plate through the electric adjustment rod 10, an electric tilt adjustment knob 7 can be connected to the other end of the electric adjustment pull rod, so that the downtilt angle of the radiation waveform can be adjusted by adjusting the electric tilt adjustment knob 7. The operation is more convenient. A downtilt angle ruler 1 connected to the electric tilt adjustment knob 7 may also be provided on the side of the antenna bottom plate to assist in the adjustment of the downtilt angle.

Further, the FA frequency band calibration PCB board 3 and the D frequency band calibration PCB board 9 are respectively fixed on both sides of the antenna base plate, so as to facilitate the calibration of the FA frequency band and the D frequency band.

Further, antenna covers with different shapes are provided to cover and protect the antenna bottom plate and corresponding antenna components. The antenna cover can be flat, square or cylindrical to meet the needs of different environments, which is both beautiful and practical.

The independent electronically adjustable antenna provided by the utility model can solve the coverage difference and interference problems by virtue of its characteristics of multi-network independent electronically adjustable signals in different frequency bands, so that different frequency bands can achieve the same coverage effect. Compared with mechanical downtilt, the downtilt method will not cause distortion of the pattern, can effectively improve the cell edge throughput rate, and ensure that the TD-LTE network performance in different scenarios can be optimal. The independent electrically adjustable antenna provided by the utility model is small in size and easy to install, can effectively solve the problem of space shortage on the sky surface, has a simple feeding structure, and is suitable for large-scale mass production.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementations of the utility model, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model patent should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An independent electronically adjustable smart antenna, comprising an antenna port and an antenna base plate, a plurality of rows of vibrators are fixed on the antenna base plate, each row of vibrators includes several groups of adjacent two vibrators, and it is characterized in that it also includes a power dividing board , phase shifter, electric adjustment rod; The power distribution board is connected between each group of adjacent two oscillators on the back of the antenna base plate, and the output terminals of the power distribution board are respectively electrically connected to two groups of the phase shifters; The phase shifter is fixed on the back side of the antenna base plate, and the phase shifter includes a phase shifter circuit board and a coupling plate. Two impedance lines are welded on the phase shifter circuit board, and are electrically connected through the coupling plate. Connection; one end of the coupling plate is movably fixed on the antenna base plate, and the other end is connected with the electric adjustment rod. 2 . The independent electronically adjustable smart antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the power splitter board includes a power splitter and a combiner electrically connected to each other. 3 . 3. The independent electronically adjustable smart antenna according to claim 1, wherein the two impedance lines are arranged at equal intervals. 4 . The independent electronically adjustable smart antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the other end of the electrically adjustable pull rod is connected with an electric tilt adjustment knob. 5 . The independent electronically adjustable smart antenna according to claim 4 , further comprising a downtilt angle gauge, and the downtilt angle gauge is connected to the electric tilt angle adjustment knob. 6 . The independent electrically adjustable smart antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the coupling plate is sprayed with solder resist paint. 7 . 7. The independent electronically adjustable smart antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that FA frequency band calibration PCB boards and D segment calibration PCB boards are respectively fixed on both sides of the antenna bottom plate. 8. The independent electrically adjustable smart antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an antenna spacer and/or a fixed antenna between two adjacent rows of dipoles on the antenna base plate. A dipole isolation sheet between two adjacent dipoles in each row of dipoles on the antenna base plate. 9 . The independent electrically adjustable smart antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , further comprising an antenna cover covering the antenna bottom plate. 10 . 10 . The independent electronically adjustable smart antenna according to claim 9 , wherein the antenna cover is in the shape of a flat plate or a cube or a cylinder. 11 .