CN204142993U - A kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure - Google Patents
A kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure.It comprises N bar input waveguide, input waveguide zone, Waveguide array district, exports waveguide zone and N bar output waveguide; The Rowland circle structure tilted is adopted to introduce length difference in input waveguide zone and output waveguide zone, the Free Spectral Range eliminating traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router requires and the contradiction that the order of diffraction time cannot realize for integer simultaneously, solve the problem that deviation appears in Free Spectral Range, thus reduce the frequency departure of output channel.The utility model is not changing each ingredient of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, do not introduce on the basis of additional devices simultaneously, solve the problem of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router output wavelength frequency of occurrences deviation, be applicable to the waveguide material based on silicon dioxide, indium phosphide and silicon etc. and waveguiding structure, have and make simple, low cost and other advantages.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of array waveguide grating light wavelength router, is specifically related to a kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure.
Background technology
Along with the minimum feature size of semiconductor technology continues to reduce according to Moore's Law, chip integration is more and more higher, exchanges data speed between each transistor cannot catch up with itself data processing speed, and the electrical interconnection technology based on metal conduction is faced with impassable " electronic bottleneck ".Compared with electrical interconnection, light network (Optical Interconnect) is information carrier with photon, has the advantages such as ultra high bandwidth, ultrafast transfer rate, electromagnetism interference and low energy consumption, will cause the information industry revolution of a new round.
Silicon-based optical interconnection technology have low in energy consumption, with semiconductor CMOS process compatibility, accessible site, low cost and other advantages, be realize between sheet with the ideal platform of light network on sheet.Light wavelength router can realize the smart allocation of optical node uplink/downlink wavelength, and the routing of the clog-free area of light of high speed exchanges, and ensureing transparent transmission, is one of core devices of light interconnection network system.
Light wavelength router can use toroidal resonator (Ring resonator), and the modes such as etched diffraction grating (EDG) realize.But when considering that reflection,many long channel and making require, array waveguide grating (AWG) is one of optimal selection of light wavelength router.AWG has compact conformation, is easy to integrated, function admirable and the many merits such as reliability is high.Just study hotspot is become by the light wavelength router that N × N-type array waveguide grating (AWG) is formed.
Serious output wavelength frequency departure is a considerable problem of array waveguide grating light wavelength router.For common array waveguide grating light wavelength router, its centre wavelength is by grating equation n
cΔ L=m λ
c(formula 1) determines, wherein, and n
cbe the effective refractive index of Waveguide array, Δ L is the length difference of adjacent array waveguide in Waveguide array district, and m is the order of diffraction time, λ
ccentre wavelength.Its Free Spectral Range is expressed as
(formula 2), wherein, N
cit is the group index of Waveguide array.In the optical wavelength routing application of N × N, require that the FSR of AWG is just in time N times of channel spacing, and the order of diffraction time m must be integer.Therefore two equatioies cannot meet simultaneously.Formula (2) can only be passed through try to achieve Waveguide array length difference substituting into formula (1) order of diffraction that obtains time m and round nearby.So according to integer m the more anti-FSR pushed back just and actual requirement there is deviation, cause more serious frequency departure phenomenon, particularly when transmission channel number is more, when FSR is larger, this phenomenon will be more obvious.For optical interconnection network, the frequency error of signal transmission will bring serious consequence, deteriorated signal transmission, increase the bit error rate of communication system.Therefore, in order to strengthen the further application of array waveguide grating light wavelength router in optical interconnection network, the frequency departure of its output wavelength must be reduced.
The at present both at home and abroad feedback transmitter that is mainly combined with wave multiplexer of the method for the reduction array waveguide grating light wavelength router output wavelength frequency departure of report.At " 32 × 32 arrayed-waveguide grating multiplexer with uniform loss and cyclic frequency characteristics ", K.Okamoto, T.Hasegawa, O.Ishida, et al., Electronics Lett., 33 (22), 1865-1866, mention in 1997 this section of articles, utilize the array waveguide grating (wherein M > 2N) of a N × M, the passage of N number of needs is positioned at the centre of M output channel, and utilize a wave multiplexer to be fed back in N number of middle output channel when growing outside present N number of output channel from its focus wave during N number of different passage input, owing to only utilizing the N number of passage in centre of the M of an array waveguide grating output channel, thus utilize feedback to solve frequency departure problem.
The method successfully reduces the frequency departure of array waveguide grating light wavelength router output wavelength.But, due to the introducing of 3dB wave multiplexer, increase the complicacy that technique makes, make the performance step-down of device, cost uprises.Special in the AWG with larger dispersion, such as, the silicon nanowire array waveguide optical grating of super-small, realize the reduction of output wavelength frequency departure, the method will become very difficult, also just limit such application of array waveguide grating light wavelength router in light network.
Utility model content
For the deficiency of background technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure, the technique that the frequency departure method solving traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router reduction output wavelength causes complicates, device performance is deteriorated, complex structure, the problems such as cost increase.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The utility model comprises N bar input waveguide, input waveguide zone, Waveguide array district successively, exports waveguide zone and N bar output waveguide; Light is transmitted to N bar output waveguide by input waveguide zone, Waveguide array district and output waveguide zone successively from N bar input waveguide; The input face be made up of N bar input waveguide end is on first Rowland circle, input waveguide zone and the boundary curve in Waveguide array district are on twice first grating circle of a ratio first Rowland circle radius, and first Rowland circle and first grating circle tangent at the central point of the boundary curve inputting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district; The output face be made up of N bar output waveguide end is on second Rowland circle, the boundary curve exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district is on twice second grating circle of a ratio second Rowland circle radius, and second Rowland circle and second grating circle tangent at the central point of the boundary curve exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district.
The tangent line of the boundary center of curve in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district is same angle [alpha] with the tangent line of the boundary center of curve exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district with the angle of the optical axis exporting waveguide zone with the angle of the optical axis of input waveguide zone, and α is greater than the angle that 0 ° is less than 180 ° of non-90 degree, and meet relational expression α=90 °-asin (Δ L
s/ d
a), wherein d
afor the distance of the center of the intermediate arrays waveguide in Waveguide array district and the line at adjacent Waveguide array center, Δ L
sbeing the length difference of light path in input waveguide zone of corresponding adjacent array waveguide, is also that the light path of corresponding adjacent array waveguide is exporting the length difference in waveguide zone; The length difference of array waveguide grating light wavelength router in Waveguide array district and in input waveguide zone with export the length difference of waveguide zone and the input waveguide zone determined thus, Waveguide array district and export the geometric configuration of waveguide zone secondary to determining when integer meets simultaneously with the order of diffraction according to making this array waveguide grating light wavelength router Free Spectral Range require.
Light from N bar input waveguide successively by input waveguide zone, Waveguide array district and the total optical path difference that exports when waveguide zone is transmitted to N bar output waveguide through Waveguide array district corresponding to adjacent two waveguides by the optical path difference n inputted in waveguide zone
sΔ L
s, optical path difference n in Waveguide array district
cΔ L and the optical path difference n exported in waveguide zone
sΔ L
scommon decision, wherein, n
sthe effective refractive index being the dull and stereotyped district of input and exporting in dull and stereotyped district.
Described N bar input waveguide launches radially, and the one end connecting input waveguide zone is arranged on the circular arc of first Rowland circle; Every Luciola substriata Zheng Dui center input waveguide in Waveguide array, is arranged on the circular arc of first grating circle, and this first grating is round and first Rowland circle is tangent in the central spot of the boundary curve inputting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district; The input optical axis of waveguide zone and first rowland diameter of a circle, namely first grating radius of a circle, does not overlap, but β at an angle; The length difference Δ L that input waveguide zone is introduced
s=d
asin β, wherein, β is the angle between the optical axis of input waveguide zone and first Rowland circle diameter.
Described corresponding N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router, N number of channel occupies the whole Free Spectral Range of array waveguide grating light wavelength router, and namely channel spacing is the 1/N of Free Spectral Range.
The structure of the N bar input waveguide of described input waveguide zone and the structural symmetry of the N bar output waveguide of output waveguide zone, thus form the light wavelength router of N × N port.
The beneficial effect that the utility model has is:
1. the utility model effectively reduce array waveguide grating light wavelength router due to Free Spectral Range requirement and the order of diffraction time be the serious output wavelength frequency departure that integer cannot realize simultaneously and cause, principle of work is simple.
2. the manufacture craft of manufacture craft of the present utility model and traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router is completely compatible, does not need to add additional element, does not need additional technical steps, does not affect other performances of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router.
3. the utility model is applied to the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of different materials, different waveguide structure, has and makes simple, low cost and other advantages.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Wavelength routing schematic diagram of the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of 6 × 6.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router.
Fig. 3 is that Fig. 2 inputs waveguide zone and exports the waveguiding structure enlarged drawing of waveguide zone employing.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of array waveguide grating light wavelength router of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is that Fig. 4 inputs waveguide zone and exports the waveguiding structure enlarged drawing of waveguide zone employing.
Fig. 6 is the output spectrum figure of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 6 × 6.
Fig. 7 is the output spectrum figure of the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of of the present utility model 6 × 6.
Fig. 8 is the comparison diagram of the output wavelength frequency departure of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 6 × 6 and the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of of the present utility model 6 × 6.
Fig. 9 is the output spectrum figure of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 8 × 8.
Figure 10 is the output spectrum figure of the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of of the present utility model 8 × 8.
Figure 11 is the comparison diagram of the output wavelength frequency departure of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 8 × 8 and the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of of the present utility model 8 × 8.
In figure: 1, N bar input waveguide, 2, input waveguide zone, 3, Waveguide array district, 4, export waveguide zone, 5, N bar output waveguide, 6, the tangent line of the boundary center of curve in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district, 7, the optical axis of input waveguide zone, 8, first Rowland circle, 9, first grating circle, 10, the boundary curve in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district, 11, input face, 12, center input waveguide, 13, export the optical axis of waveguide zone, 14, export the tangent line of the boundary center of curve in waveguide zone and Waveguide array district, 15, export the boundary curve in waveguide zone and Waveguide array district, 16, output face, 17, center output waveguide, 18, first Rowland circle diameter, 19, second Rowland circle diameter, 20, the center of the intermediate arrays waveguide in Waveguide array district and the line at adjacent Waveguide array center.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail.Wavelength routing schematic diagram
The Wavelength routing schematic diagram of the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of as shown in Figure 16 × 6, input channel centered by the 3rd input channel.The wavelength of this array waveguide grating light wavelength router is: work as wavelength X
1~ λ
6during from the first input channel input, the first output channel is followed successively by λ ' to the output wavelength of the 6th output channel
5(λ
5), λ '
6(λ
6), λ
1, λ
2, λ
3, λ
4; Work as wavelength X
1~ λ
6during from the second input channel input, the first output channel is followed successively by λ ' to the output wavelength of the 6th output channel
6(λ
6), λ
1, λ
2, λ
3, λ
4, λ
5; Work as wavelength X
1~ λ
6during from the 3rd input channel input, the first output channel is followed successively by λ to the output wavelength of the 6th output channel
1, λ
2, λ
3, λ
4, λ
5, λ
6; Work as wavelength X
1~ λ
6during from the 4th input channel input, the first output channel is followed successively by λ to the output wavelength of the 6th output channel
2, λ
3, λ
4, λ
5, λ
6, λ "
1(λ
1); Work as wavelength X
1~ λ
6during from the 5th input channel input, the first output channel is followed successively by λ to the output wavelength of the 6th output channel
3, λ
4, λ
5, λ
6, λ "
1(λ
1), λ "
2(λ
2); Work as wavelength X
1~ λ
6during from the 6th input channel input, the first output channel is followed successively by λ to the output wavelength of the 6th output channel
4, λ
5, λ
6, λ "
1(λ
1), λ "
2(λ
2), λ "
3(λ
3).Wherein, λ represents that the order of diffraction time is output wavelength during m, and output wavelength when λ ' expression order of diffraction time is m-1, λ " represent the output wavelength when order of diffraction time is m+1.
For realizing wavelength, the Free Spectral Range of array waveguide grating light wavelength router is the product of I/O port number and channel separation, is expressed as
FSR＝N×Δλ (1)
Wherein, N is the I/O port number of array waveguide grating light wavelength router, and Δ λ is the channel separation of array waveguide grating light wavelength router, and FSR is the Free Spectral Range of array waveguide grating light wavelength router.
As shown in Figure 2, be the structural representation of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, comprise N bar input waveguide 1, input waveguide zone 2, Waveguide array district 3, export waveguide zone 4 and N bar output waveguide 5, the optical axis 7 of input waveguide zone is the line of the central point of the boundary curve 10 in center input waveguide 12 and input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district, if (input waveguide number is odd number, it is then input waveguide centered by the middle input waveguide, if input waveguide number is even number, it is then input waveguide centered by one of middle two input waveguides, selected by diagram is above input waveguide centered by middle two input waveguides), the optical axis 13 exporting waveguide zone is lines of the central point of center output waveguide 17 and the boundary curve 15 exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district.These structures are all on the same base integrated.
In traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, light is only by the optical path difference n in Waveguide array district 3 by input waveguide zone 2, Waveguide array district 3 and the total optical path difference exported when waveguide zone 4 is transmitted to N bar output waveguide 5 through Waveguide array district 3 corresponding to adjacent two waveguides from N bar input waveguide 1 successively
cΔ L is formed, wherein, and n
cbe the effective refractive index in Waveguide array district, Δ L is the length difference of adjacent two waveguides in Waveguide array district.
Traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router input waveguide zone is mutually vertical with the optical axis 7 of input waveguide zone with the tangent line 6 of the boundary center of curve in Waveguide array district, exports waveguide zone mutually vertical with the optical axis 13 exporting waveguide zone with the tangent line 14 of the boundary center of curve in Waveguide array district.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing inputting waveguide zone 2 in Fig. 2, and it is identical with the structure exporting waveguide zone 4.Now describe input waveguide zone in detail for the structure of Rowland circle: one end that N bar input waveguide 1 connects input waveguide zone 2 is arranged on first Rowland circle 8 equably, every Luciola substriata Zheng Dui center input waveguide 12 in Waveguide array district 3, be arranged on first grating circle 9 equably, the radius of first grating circle 9 is twices of the radius of first Rowland circle 8.The boundary curve 10 in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district is on first grating circle 9, and first grating circle 9 and first Rowland circle 8 are tangent at the central point of the boundary curve 10 in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district.Input optical axis 7 and first Rowland circle diameter 18 in dull and stereotyped district, namely the radius of first grating circle 9 overlaps.
The centre wavelength of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router meets following diffraction equation:
n
cΔL＝mλ
c(2)
Wherein, n
cbe the effective refractive index in Waveguide array district, Δ L is the length difference of adjacent two waveguides in Waveguide array district, Δ
cbe centre wavelength, m is the order of diffraction time.
The Free Spectral Range of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router meets following equation:
Wherein, N
cit is the group index in Waveguide array district.
In the optical wavelength application of N × N, require that the Free Spectral Range of array waveguide grating is just in time N times of channel spacing, namely need to meet formula (1): FSR=N × Δ λ.After the I/O port number N determining traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router and channel spacing Δ λ, also just determine the Free Spectral Range FSR of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router.
Due to the central wavelength lambda of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router
cdetermine, so through type (3) can in the hope of the length difference Δ L of adjacent two waveguides in traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router Waveguide array district.Again Δ L is substituted into formula (2) subsequently, the order of diffraction time m of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router can be obtained.The order of diffraction time m that through type (2) is tried to achieve is not generally integer, and this and array waveguide grating require that its order of diffraction time m is that integer is not inconsistent.Therefore, for traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, can round nearby the order of diffraction time m.Like this, according to integer m by formula (2) and the anti-traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router reality pushed away of formula (3) adjacent two waveguide length differences in Waveguide array district and actual Free Spectral Range just and theory calls there is deviation, thus cause more serious output wavelength frequency departure phenomenon.Particularly when I/O port number N is more, when Free Spectral Range FSR is larger, output wavelength frequency departure phenomenon can be more obvious.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, the utility model is different with traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, the tangent line 6 of the boundary center of curve in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district is same angle [alpha] with the tangent line 14 of the boundary center of curve exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district with the angle of the optical axis 13 exporting waveguide zone with the angle of the optical axis 7 of input waveguide zone, and α is greater than the angle that 0 ° is less than 180 ° of non-90 degree, and meet relational expression α=90 °-asin (Δ L
s/ d
a), wherein d
afor the distance of the center of the intermediate arrays waveguide in Waveguide array district and the line 20 at adjacent Waveguide array center (if Waveguide array number is odd number, is Waveguide array centered by the middle Waveguide array, if Waveguide array is input as even number, be Waveguide array centered by one of middle two Waveguide arrays, the adjacent array waveguide selected by diagram is the right adjacent array waveguide; In addition, in order to illustrate to understand, the center of the intermediate arrays waveguide in Waveguide array district and the line 20 at adjacent Waveguide array center have one to be shifted), Δ L
sbeing the length difference of light path in input waveguide zone 2 of corresponding adjacent array waveguide, is also that the light path of corresponding adjacent array waveguide is exporting the length difference in waveguide zone 4; The length difference of array waveguide grating light wavelength router in Waveguide array district 3 and in input waveguide zone 2 with export the length difference of waveguide zone 4 and the input waveguide zone 2 determined thus, Waveguide array district 3 and export the geometric configuration of waveguide zone 4 secondary to determining when integer meets simultaneously with the order of diffraction according to making this array waveguide grating light wavelength router Free Spectral Range require.
Light from N bar input waveguide 1 successively by input waveguide zone 2, Waveguide array district 3 and the total optical path difference that exports when waveguide zone 4 is transmitted to N bar output waveguide 5 through Waveguide array district 3 corresponding to adjacent two waveguides by the optical path difference n inputted in waveguide zone 2
sΔ L
s, optical path difference n in Waveguide array district 3
cΔ L and the optical path difference n exported in waveguide zone 4
sΔ L
scommon decision, wherein, n
sthe effective refractive index being the dull and stereotyped district 2 of input and exporting in dull and stereotyped district 4.
N bar input waveguide 1 launches radially, and the one end connecting input waveguide zone 2 is arranged on the circular arc of first Rowland circle 8; Every Luciola substriata Zheng Dui center input waveguide 12 in Waveguide array, is arranged on the circular arc of first grating circle 9, and this first grating circle 9 and first Rowland circle 8 are tangent in the central spot of the boundary curve 10 in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district; The radius of first grating circle 9 is twices of the radius of first Rowland circle 8; Here the design of Rowland circle and grating circle and the geometrical construction of etched grating similar.Optical axis 7 and first rowland diameter of a circle 18 of input waveguide zone, namely first grating justifies the radius of 9, does not overlap, but β at an angle; The length difference Δ L that input waveguide zone 2 is introduced
s=d
asin β, wherein, β is the angle between the optical axis 7 of input waveguide zone and first Rowland circle diameter 18.
Corresponding N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router, N number of channel occupies the whole Free Spectral Range of array waveguide grating light wavelength router, and namely channel spacing is the 1/N of Free Spectral Range.
The structure of the N bar input waveguide 1 of input waveguide zone 2 and the structural symmetry of the N bar output waveguide 5 of output waveguide zone 4, thus form the light wavelength router of N × N port.
The centre wavelength reducing N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router of frequency departure meets following diffraction equation:
2n
sΔL
s+n
cΔL＝mλ
c(4)
The Free Spectral Range reducing N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router of frequency departure meets following equation:
Wherein, N
sinput waveguide zone 2 and the group index exporting waveguide zone 4.
In the optical wavelength application of N × N, require that the Free Spectral Range of array waveguide grating is just in time N times of channel spacing, namely need to meet formula (1): FSR=N × Δ λ.After the I/O port number N determining the N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure and channel spacing Δ λ, also just determine the Free Spectral Range FSR of the N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure.
The Rowland circle structure that the utility model passes through to adopt is introducing length difference Δ L in input waveguide zone 2 and output waveguide zone 4 respectively
s, add structural parameters, Free Spectral Range requires and the order of diffraction is secondary can realize for integer simultaneously.Therefore, raster stage time m can accurately round, through type (4) is consistent with design load with the Free Spectral Range FSR of the reality that formula (5) obtains, there is the problem of deviation in the Free Spectral Range FSR solving traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, thus effectively reduces the frequency departure of the output wavelength of traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router.
The length difference of array waveguide grating light wavelength router in Waveguide array district 3 and in input waveguide zone 2 with export the length difference of waveguide zone 4 and the input waveguide zone 2 determined thus, Waveguide array district 3 and export the geometric configuration of waveguide zone 4 secondary to determining when integer meets simultaneously with the order of diffraction according to making this array waveguide grating light wavelength router Free Spectral Range require.The length difference in this I/O waveguide zone and Waveguide array district 3 can be obtained by following formula:
By the special angle making the boundary curve in I/O waveguide zone and Waveguide array district become a non-90 degree with the optical axis of I/O waveguide zone, just can introduce length difference in I/O waveguide zone, and the length difference introduced in I/O waveguide zone can just, can be born.When this special angle is 90 ° time, the length difference of I/O waveguide zone is 0, namely becomes traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router.
The utility model is described in further detail to provide two embodiments of the present utility model below.Suppose that following parameter is known: select SOI, wherein, Si core layer thickness is 220nm, buries under-clad layer SiO
2thickness be 1 μm, top covering SiO
2thickness be 2 μm.The width of sandwich layer silicon waveguide is 500nm, and this width has one and makes tolerance relatively preferably.
Embodiment 1:
Design channel separation is the array waveguide grating light wavelength router (AWGR) of 6 × 6 of 20nm, central wavelength lambda
cfor 1560nm, the Free Spectral Range FSR of design is 120nm.Table 1 is effective refractive index and the group index in I/O waveguide zone and Waveguide array district under different wave length.
For traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, tried to achieve the length difference Δ L=5.412 μm of adjacent two waveguides in Waveguide array district by formula (3), substitute into formula (2) and try to achieve the order of diffraction time m=6.12.Because the order of diffraction time m is integer, get m=6, through type (2) tries to achieve actual Δ L=5.310 μm, Δ L=5.310 μm back substitution is entered formula (3) and try to achieve actual Free Spectral Range FSR=122.3nm, actual Free Spectral Range has the deviation of 2.3nm compared with design load.
Fig. 6 is the spectrogram of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of designed 6 × 6, and table 2 gives this AWGR output wavelength of each output channel.
Adopt the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of the utility model design, accurately can obtain the order of diffraction time m=6, Free Spectral Range FSR=120nm.The length difference Δ L of I/O waveguide zone is obtained by formula (4) and formula (5)
s=-0.50 μm, the length difference Δ L=6.47 μm of adjacent two waveguides in Waveguide array district.Design the center of the center array waveguide in this AWGR Waveguide array district and the distance d of adjacent array waveguide core line
a=1.5 μm, therefore, β=-19.5 °.
Fig. 7 is the spectrogram of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router of the employing inclination Rowland circle geometries shrink frequency departure of designed 6 × 6, and table 3 gives this AWGR output wavelength of each output channel.
Fig. 8 is the output wavelength frequency departure comparison diagram of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 6 × 6 of design and N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router of employing inclination Rowland circle geometries shrink frequency departure.
Embodiment 2:
Design channel separation is the AWGR of 8 × 8 of 10nm, central wavelength lambda
cfor 1550nm, the Free Spectral Range FSR of design is 80nm.
For traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router, tried to achieve the length difference Δ L=8.02 μm of adjacent two waveguides in Waveguide array district by formula (3), substitute into formula (2) and try to achieve the order of diffraction time m=9.18.Because the order of diffraction time m is integer, get m=9, through type (2) tries to achieve actual Δ L=7.86 μm, Δ L=7.86 μm back substitution is entered formula (3) and try to achieve actual Free Spectral Range FSR=81.7nm, actual Free Spectral Range has the deviation of 1.7nm compared with design load.
Fig. 9 is the spectrogram of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of designed 8 × 8, and table 4 gives this AWGR output wavelength of each output channel.
Adopt the array waveguide grating light wavelength router of the utility model design, accurately can obtain the order of diffraction time m=9, Free Spectral Range FSR=80nm.The length difference Δ L of I/O waveguide zone is obtained by formula (4) and formula (5)
s=-0.817 μm, the length difference Δ L=9.752 μm of adjacent two waveguides in Waveguide array district.Design the center of the center array waveguide in this AWGR Waveguide array district and the distance d of adjacent array waveguide core line
a=2 μm, therefore, β=-24.1 °.
Figure 10 is the spectrogram of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router of the employing inclination Rowland circle geometries shrink frequency departure of designed 8 × 8, and table 5 gives this AWGR output wavelength of each output channel.
Figure 11 is the output wavelength frequency departure comparison diagram of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 8 × 8 of design and N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router of employing inclination Rowland circle geometries shrink frequency departure.
By two embodiments, obviously, design of the present utility model effectively reduces the frequency departure of traditional array waveguide grating router output wavelength.
Above-described embodiment is used for explaining and the utility model is described; instead of the utility model is limited; in the protection domain of spirit of the present utility model and claim, any amendment make the utility model and change, all fall into protection domain of the present utility model.
Table 1 gives effective refractive index and the group index of Waveguide array district and I/O waveguide zone under different wave length
Table 2 gives the output wavelength of each output channel of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 6 × 6
Table 3 gives the output wavelength of each output channel of the array waveguide grating light wavelength router adopting of the present utility model 6 × 6
Table 4 gives the output wavelength of each output channel of the traditional array waveguide optical grating light wavelength router of 8 × 8
Table 5 gives the output wavelength of each output channel of the array waveguide grating light wavelength router adopting of the present utility model 8 × 8
。
Claims (5)
1. reduce N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router of frequency departure, comprise N bar input waveguide (1), input waveguide zone (2), Waveguide array district (3), output waveguide zone (4) and N bar output waveguide (5) successively; Light is transmitted to N bar output waveguide (5) by input waveguide zone (2), Waveguide array district (3) and output waveguide zone (4) successively from N bar input waveguide (1); The input face (11) be made up of N bar input waveguide (1) end is on first Rowland circle (8), the boundary curve (10) in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district is on twice first grating circle (9) of a ratio first Rowland circle (8) radius, and first Rowland circle (8) is tangent at the central point of the boundary curve (10) inputting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district with first grating circle (9); The output face (16) be made up of N bar output waveguide (5) end is on second Rowland circle, the boundary curve (15) exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district is on twice second grating circle of a ratio second Rowland circle radius, and second Rowland circle and second grating circle tangent at the central point of the boundary curve (15) exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district; It is characterized in that: the tangent line (6) of the boundary center of curve in input waveguide zone and Waveguide array district is same angle [alpha] with the tangent line (14) of the boundary center of curve exporting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district with the angle of the optical axis (13) exporting waveguide zone with the angle of the optical axis (7) of input waveguide zone, and α is greater than the angle that 0 ° is less than 180 ° of non-90 degree, and meet relational expression α=90 °-asin (Δ L
ε/ d
c), wherein d
afor the distance of the center of the intermediate arrays waveguide in Waveguide array district and the line (20) at adjacent Waveguide array center, Δ L
sbeing the length difference of light path in input waveguide zone (2) of corresponding adjacent array waveguide, is also that the light path of corresponding adjacent array waveguide is exporting the length difference in waveguide zone (4); Array waveguide grating light wavelength router Waveguide array district (3) length difference and input waveguide zone (2) and export the length difference of waveguide zone (4) and the input waveguide zone (2) determined thus, Waveguide array district (3) and output waveguide zone (4) geometric configuration secondary to determining when integer meets simultaneously with the order of diffraction according to making this array waveguide grating light wavelength router Free Spectral Range require.
2. a kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: total optical path difference when light is transmitted to N bar output waveguide (5) by input waveguide zone (2), Waveguide array district (3) and output waveguide zone (4) successively from N bar input waveguide (1) through Waveguide array district (3) corresponding to adjacent two waveguides is by the optical path difference n inputted in waveguide zone (2)
sΔ L
s, optical path difference n in Waveguide array district (3)
cΔ L and the optical path difference n exported in waveguide zone (4)
sΔ L
scommon decision, wherein, n
sthe effective refractive index being the dull and stereotyped district of input (2) and exporting in dull and stereotyped district (4).
3. a kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described N bar input waveguide (1) is launched radially, the one end connecting input waveguide zone (2) is arranged on the circular arc of first Rowland circle (8); Every Luciola substriata Zheng Dui center input waveguide (12) in Waveguide array, being arranged in first grating justifies on the circular arc of (9), and this first grating justifies (9) and first Rowland circle (8) is tangent in the central spot of the boundary curve (10) inputting waveguide zone and Waveguide array district; Optical axis (7) and first rowland diameter of a circle (18) of input waveguide zone, namely the radius of first grating circle (9), does not overlap, but β at an angle; The length difference Δ L that input waveguide zone (2) is introduced
s=d
asin β, wherein, β is the angle between the optical axis (7) of input waveguide zone and first Rowland circle diameter (18).
4. a kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described corresponding N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router, N number of channel occupies the whole Free Spectral Range of array waveguide grating light wavelength router, and namely channel spacing is the 1/N of Free Spectral Range.
5. a kind of N × N array waveguide grating light wavelength router reducing frequency departure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of the N bar input waveguide (1) of described input waveguide zone (2) and the structural symmetry of the N bar output waveguide (5) of output waveguide zone (4), thus form the light wavelength router of N × N port.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104238008A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江大学 | N*N array waveguide grating optical wavelength router capable of reducing frequency deviation |
| CN104656090A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Optically controlled phased array radar system based on wavelength routing |
| CN113703092A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-26 | 浙江大学 | Temperature-insensitive flat-field type array waveguide grating router |
-
2014
- 2014-09-10 CN CN201420516767.5U patent/CN204142993U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104238008A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江大学 | N*N array waveguide grating optical wavelength router capable of reducing frequency deviation |
| CN104238008B (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2017-05-03 | 浙江大学 | N*N array waveguide grating optical wavelength router capable of reducing frequency deviation |
| CN104656090A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Optically controlled phased array radar system based on wavelength routing |
| CN113703092A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-26 | 浙江大学 | Temperature-insensitive flat-field type array waveguide grating router |
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