CN204141584U

CN204141584U - Burner

Info

Publication number: CN204141584U
Application number: CN201420473075.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王元华; 李保全; 刘波; 徐向荣; 吴晓磊; 李旭灿; 王庆峰; 任红峰; 汤翠萍
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-08-21
Filing date: 2014-08-21
Publication date: 2015-02-04
Anticipated expiration: 2024-08-21

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of burner, comprise burner cylindrical shell, control valve, refractory brick, gas gun, cyclone, refractory brick and burner cylindrical shell form primary combustion zone and intermediate zone, air classification technology and swirl flow combustion technology organically combine by the utility model, reduce the discharge capacity of nitrogen oxide while improving the efficiency of combustion of burner further.

Description

Burner

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of gas burner, particularly relates to a kind of tubular heater burner.

Background technology

Energy ezpenditure and the thermic load of large-scale petroleum chemical plant tubular heater are all larger, for the oil plant of medium working depth, the furnace fuel consumption that it has, account for 4% ~ 8% of process crude oil ability, institute's consume fuel expense accounts for 60% ~ 70% of its operating cost.On the other hand, tubular heater can produce a large amount of nitrogen oxide, and nitrogen oxide can form photochemical fog, is the common atmosphere pollution of one damaged the ozone layer.

The efficient low NOx renovation technique that current heating furnace is conventional comprises the combustion technology such as air classification, swirl flow combustion.Wherein, Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal is a kind of low NOx combusting technology of comparative maturity, and the core thinking of Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal occurs the while of avoiding high temperature and large excess air coefficient, thus reduce the generation of NOx.Main method is first sent into from burner by a certain proportion of air (being less than theoretical air requirement), fuel is burnt under anoxic conditions, ignition temperature and speed all effectively reduce, and fuel generates intermediate product HN, HCN, CN, NH owing to not burning completely ₃and NH ₂deng, its mutual composition generation N ₂or by the NOx reduction decomposition generated.Then remaining partial air is sent into the form of Secondary Air, for residual fuel is combustion-supporting.In this interval because flame temperature is low, do not have a large amount of NOx at burning-out zone yet and generate.Although air staged combustion technology has significantly fall nitrogen effect, in this technology use procedure, imperfect combustion product is many at present, causes efficiency of combustion to reduce.

The mixability that swirl flow combustion technology can strengthen fuel and air effectively improves efficiency of combustion.Chinese patent CN10185243A discloses efficient burning industrial furnace vortex burner, and containing rotating channel, spiral fin, enhanced fuel fully mixes with air, reduces the discharge of nitrogen oxide.Fuel gas generally injects burner hearth by the central nozzle of acylic motion, or radial direction injects coaxial rotational flow air, the Central backflow area of combustion product is formed by eddy flow, the combustion product of high temperature low speed and reaction intermediate carry out preheating in Central backflow area inside to unreacted air and fuel and dilute, effectively can strengthen the burning of low heat value synthesis gas, under high-speed jet, form stable flame.Due to the Involving velocity of jet, can be formed with at burner hearth bottom the recirculating zone, corner being beneficial to and promoting the circulation of flue gas entirety when fuel and air inject sudden expansion burner hearth, the size of recirculating zone is subject to the joint effect of momentum of impinging jet and size of burner hearth.Flue gas recirculation makes Temperature Distribution in stove more even, and the cold flue gas of circulation is diluted combustion reactant, reduces maximum combustion temperature and reduces high-temperature region area, can not only smooth combustion, and can also suppress the formation of thermal NO x well.

Prior art tubular heater or adopt single air staged combustion technology, or adopt single swirl flow combustion technology, therefore still also exists incomplete combustion and the higher problem of NOx discharge.Along with the severization of NOx emission standard and energy conservation standard, Petrochemical Enterprises, in the urgent need to novel tubular heater, keeps the discharge compared with reducing NOx while high burning efficiency.

Summary of the invention

The utility model, by air staged combustion technology and swirl flow combustion combine with technique, reduces the discharge capacity of nitrogen oxide further while improving the efficiency of combustion of burner.

A kind of burner, comprises burner cylindrical shell, control valve, refractory brick, gas gun, cyclone; Described control valve is positioned at air intake place, two upper and lower arrangements straggly of control valve, regulates excess air coefficient; Described gas gun is positioned at burner centre, and spray gun top orifice is uniformly distributed, and lower end connects fuel gas air supply pipe; Described refractory brick and burner cylindrical shell form primary combustion zone (in Fig. 1 primary zone) and intermediate zone, primary combustion zone is around gas gun, well mix in primary combustion zone with air to make fuel gas, intermediate zone occupy between primary combustion zone and the outlet of fuel gas buring road, and air enters second-time burning region via two refractory brick gaps and top refractory brick hole respectively; Described cyclone is placed in spray gun top, eddy flow is carried out to being less than stoichiometric air (namely hereinafter referred to as First air), combustion gas is mixed with First air completely and fast reaction, can effectively avoid imperfect combustion phenomenon like this, thus raising efficiency of combustion, surplus air (hereinafter referred to as Secondary Air) enters intermediate zone.

Beneficial effect

Mainly contain thermo parameters method and pollutant emission two point to the factor of evaluation of burner, the utility model can keep good efficiency of combustion while reduction discharged nitrous oxides.

Air classification technology and swirl flow combustion technology organically combine by the utility model, and swirl flow combustion effectively compensate for the defect of air classification technology, i.e. the problem of incomplete combustion, thus ensures efficient low nitrogen burning.The utility model utilizes CFD (Fluid Mechanics Computation) to be optimized structural parameters, thus significantly improve thermo parameters method, eliminate or reduce district of burner hearth localized hyperthermia, fire box temperature is distributed more even, expand the area of 1100K ~ 1200K humidity province, improve the efficiency of burner, also ensure that lower discharged nitrous oxides effect.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Fig. 1 is the structure chart of a kind of tubular heater burner of the present utility model;

1-gas gun; 2-cyclone; 3-burner cylindrical shell; 4-brazier brick 1; 5-air vent; 6-brazier brick 2; 7-brazier brick 3; 8-fire trough exports; 10-control valve 1; 11-control valve 2;

Fig. 2 is that a kind of cyclone A of the present utility model is to schematic diagram

Fig. 3 is a kind of swirler blades schematic diagram of the utility model

1-cyclone inner ring; 2-swirler blades; 3-cyclone inner ring;

Fig. 4 is that a kind of cyclone B of the utility model is to inner ring schematic diagram

Fig. 5 is Embodiment C FD analog temperature isogram;

Fig. 6 is that Embodiment C FD simulates CO concentration profile;

Fig. 7 is that Embodiment C FD simulates NO concentration profile.

Detailed description of the invention

The utility model is set forth further below in conjunction with embodiment.

A kind of efficient low NO, comprises burner cylindrical shell, adjusts valve, refractory brick, gas gun, cyclone; Described control valve is positioned at air intake place, and control air mass flow, described control valve is two, two upper and lower arrangements straggly of control valve, controls First air and Secondary Air air quantity respectively.Burner also comprises fire trough outlet, and outlet shapes is not particularly limited, and can be the various new-type of prior art, such as straight way, the passage of expansion, the passage reduced, preferred undergauge passage.

Described gas gun is positioned at burner centre, and spray gun top orifice is uniformly distributed, and bottom connects gas supply pipe;

Described refractory brick and burner cylindrical shell form primary combustion zone and intermediate zone, primary combustion zone comprises cylindrical shell and refractory brick 4, around gas gun, control and regulation valve, make to be less than stoichiometric air (hereinafter referred to as First air) and enter primary combustion, well mix in brazier brick with First air to make fuel gas; Intermediate zone comprises cylindrical shell and refractory brick 6, surplus air (hereinafter referred to as Secondary Air) enters second-time burning region via two refractory brick gaps and top refractory brick hole respectively, Secondary Air and the gas and vapor permeation from primary combustion zone here, make the sufficient combustion in second-time burning region, efficiency of combustion is high; Because air classification adds by the utility model, make burner combustion temperature low, the nitrogen oxide of generation is low.Through simulation test the utility model burner produce nitrogen oxide generally lower than 50ppm.

Described cyclone is placed in gas gun top, carries out eddy flow to First air, combustion gas is mixed with First air completely and fast reaction, can effectively avoid imperfect combustion phenomenon like this, thus improve efficiency of combustion.Cyclone adopts Scroll-type, and Fig. 2 is a kind of cyclone pattern schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Be a kind of example applying the efficient low NO of the utility model shown in Fig. 1, it mainly contains and is made up of burner cylindrical shell 3, control valve 10, control valve 11, refractory brick 4, refractory brick 6, refractory brick 7, gas gun 1, cyclone 2 etc.It is only a kind of form of the present utility model, and the utility model is not only for therewith.

Control valve 10 and the control valve 11 of burner are positioned at air intake place, two upper and lower arrangements straggly of control valve, control valve 10 regulates First air air quantity, control valve 11 regulates Secondary Air air quantity, control valve 10,11 can coordinate adjustment excess air coefficient and First air, Secondary Air quality grading ratio, produce enough low nitrogen oxide until reach to meet, those skilled in the art know and are less than 50ppm by combustion furnace nitrogen oxide emission to can be described as discharge capacity low.

Gas gun 1 is positioned at burning cylindrical shell 3 center, and spray gun top is uniformly distributed spray orifice, and lower end connects fuel gas air supply pipe; Brazier brick 4 and burner cylindrical shell 3 form primary combustion zone, and primary combustion zone, around gas gun, well mixes with First air to make combustion gas in primary combustion zone; Refractory brick 4, refractory brick 6 form intermediate zone with burner cylindrical shell 3, and intermediate zone is connected burner combustion region with the gap of refractory brick 6 with the air vent 5 of refractory brick 6 via refractory brick 4; Around gas gun top, cyclone 2 is installed, eddy flow is carried out to First air, First air and primary combustion product are mixed completely and fast reaction, improve the efficiency of combustion of burner.

When burner runs, air enters burner respectively by control valve 10, control valve 11, and First air blasts First air passage, rises to cyclone 2 place and carries out eddy flow, and to increase horizontal direction momentum, promotion fuel gas mixes with First air; Secondary Air enters combustion zone via secondary air channel, reacts with from the imperfect combustion fuel gas in primary combustion zone.

The gas gun spout number of burner, cyclone angle and fire trough egress form are all optimized design through Fluid Mechanics Computation (CFD) software Fluent.Be 45-65 degree according to the cyclone angle of Fluent optimal design, preferred 50-60 degree, more preferably 60 degree, gas gun spout number is 8-16, preferred 10-12.Fig. 5 carries out CFD to embodiment 1 to simulate the temperature distribution of contours figure obtained, and as seen from the figure, this burner combustion is respond well, uniformity of temperature profile, and localized hyperthermia's district's area is little, and temperature is less higher than the region of 1800K.And also shown by the CO concentration profile of Fig. 6, CO is close to 0 in exit, illustrates that burning is completely, does not exist unburnt phenomenon.Fig. 7 is the NO concentration profile of embodiment 1, and as seen from the figure, NO peak value appears at district of localized hyperthermia, and due to the effect of jet entrainment, NO concentration reduces gradually with highly increasing, and reaches 50ppm in outlet.And adopt the NO of single air classification technology burner can reach 100ppm in outlet drain amount, substantially exceed NO discharge capacity of the present utility model.

Claims

1. a burner, comprises burner cylindrical shell, control valve, refractory brick, gas gun, cyclone, and described control valve is positioned at air intake place, and described gas gun is positioned at burner centre, and described spinning disk is placed in gas gun top.

2. burner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described control valve is two, upper and lower arrangement straggly.

3. burner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: burner also comprises fire trough outlet.

4. burner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described refractory brick and burner cylindrical shell form primary combustion zone and intermediate zone, primary combustion zone comprises cylindrical shell (3) and refractory brick (4), around gas gun (2), control and regulation valve, make First air enter primary combustion zone, well mix in primary combustion zone with First air to make fuel gas; Intermediate zone comprises cylinder (3) and refractory brick (4), refractory brick (6), makes Secondary Air enter intermediate zone via two refractory brick gaps and refractory brick (6) hole (5).

5. burner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described spray gun top orifice is uniformly distributed.

6. burner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cyclone angle is 45 ~ 65 DEG C.

7. burner according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described cyclone angle is 50 ~ 60 DEG C.

8. burner according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described cyclone angle is 60 DEG C.