CN204131181U - A kind of based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation - Google Patents
A kind of based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation Download PDFInfo
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- CN204131181U CN204131181U CN201420604424.4U CN201420604424U CN204131181U CN 204131181 U CN204131181 U CN 204131181U CN 201420604424 U CN201420604424 U CN 201420604424U CN 204131181 U CN204131181 U CN 204131181U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation.System is made up of local management system and global administration's system, and local management system quantity is equal to the quantity of battery modules, and global administration's system quantity is one.Local management system controls separately the battery modules be attached thereto, and powered by this battery modules, according to the battery modules initial data directly gathered and the battery status of generation and health degree, control charge and discharge control module, thermal management module and balance module, and by communication module and global administration's system communication, the data that global administration's system docking receives carry out computing, generate overall control strategy.Described based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation, provide battery management fast, do not affect by communication quality and battery pack scale, reduce the dependence for global administration's system, the management for battery pack can be maintained when global administration's system failure.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electronic technology field, relates to a kind of battery management system for electric automobile.Specifically a kind of based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation.
Background technology
The problem of environmental pollution that the energy crisis caused for fossil energy shortage and conventional fuel oil automobile exhaust pollution cause, electric automobile adopts one of the trend and emphasis that can become the development of current international automobile field based on zero exhaust emissions in the electric energy of clean energy resource and traveling because of it.
In the battery of current all successful commercialization, lithium battery becomes the main energy sources of current power automobile because of its high-energy mass density, high-energy bulk density, high charge-discharge cycle efficieny, low self-discharge rate and long circulating cycle.But lithium battery seriously can change and die-offs with available power by guiding discharge curve at the permanent electric polar decomghtion under to one's heart's content condition; Take off under overcharge conditions between the negative pole of lithium and electrolyte and thermal response can occur, cause the violent minimizing of active volume equally; Along with crossing the increase putting and overcharge degree, the speed of cell damage also can speed.Reaction between lithium battery electrode in the case of a high temperature, electrolyte also brings serious safety problem.Thus lithium battery must obtain strict protection in electric automobile runs.
Battery management system carries out precise monitoring by the voltage to lithium battery, electric current, temperature, by the discharge and recharge of control circuit management battery, is improved the efficiency of energy utilization of battery by balancing technique.In recent years, China's cell management system of electric automobile technology obtains significant progress, a lot of functional module enters practical stage all, but is made up of a large amount of battery cell connection in series-parallel due to batteries of electric automobile, and battery management system general frame is primarily of three kinds of Structure composing:
Centralized battery management system framework.This framework is managed all batteries by a microcontroller.The advantage of this kind of framework is that structure is simple, and can detect each battery cell, all electronic components realize in same circuit board.The shortcoming of this kind of framework is that scale is fixed, portable poor, and wire harness connection is very complicated, more difficultly realizes real-time management.This is because centralized battery management system framework needs the corresponding management system of cell stack designs for securing unit quantity, circuit board, once realize, is difficult to the battery cell supporting greater number usually; Because battery cell quantity is more, corresponding line can become very complicated, increases the probability of operating mistake; Simultaneously in order to gather each monomer information, master chip needs to select successively to inquire about each monomer, and thus realizing information gathering to all monomers needs the long period, and system real time is poor.
Full distributed battery management system framework.This framework distributes an administration module to each battery cell, and respective information transmission is given a central controller by a bus by all administration modules.The advantage of this kind of framework can realize continual real-time management to each battery cell, and be easy to the realization of balancing technique.The shortcoming of this framework distributes an administration module high cost to each battery cell, is difficult to go into operation, because volume reason is also unfavorable for the packing of battery in reality; Meanwhile, because each module needs to central controller transmission information, bus load can be very heavy.
Modular battery management system framework.This framework adopts the mode of master-slave system to provide management to all battery cells.Eachly to monitor from the battery cell of system to fixed qty, and balanced interface is provided; Main system collects all data from system by bus, and comprehensively each discharge and recharge of state to whole battery system from system controls, and controls the equilibrium of battery simultaneously.The advantage of this framework had both achieved the measurement to each battery cell information, again reduces the complexity of system wire harness, provide good extended capability simultaneously.The shortcoming of this framework is that the function of system is overly dependent upon main system and bus communication.The severe jamming of motor, ambient noise in electric automobile running, the electrical Interference that high-voltage battery group is brought and danger of hazardous electrical discharges, and the factor such as the locus of master-slave system, all can severe jamming bus communication.Once garble, main system will receive error communications data, work as communication disruption, main system cannot receive the battery cell information from system, now main system will do the charging and discharging circuit of control strategy or the cutting system made mistake, thus will seriously hinder the operation of electric automobile, and the health of passenger and battery may be endangered.Simultaneously along with the increase from system quantity; main system operand will increase; the protection time delay of system also can along with increase; existing modular battery management system framework to the time delay of system protection usually in seconds; electric automobile electric current is comparatively large, and within the several seconds, batteries of electric automobile may be subject to comparatively macrolesion.
Summary of the invention
The utility model object is: provide a kind of based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation, to provide battery management fast, do not affect by communication quality and battery pack scale.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
Based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation, comprising local management system and global administration's system.Described local management system quantity is equal to the quantity of battery modules, and described global administration system quantity is fixed as one.System is made up of the control of local management system described in each to the battery modules be connected separately jointly for the control of whole battery pack.
The separate work of described each local management system, the battery modules be connected separately by centralized fashion management.
Described global administration system, by local management system communication described in bus and each, generates overall control strategy, provides resource coordination between battery modules.
Wherein, described local management system is centralized battery management system, manage the battery modules be attached thereto independently, and powered by described battery modules completely, described local management system comprises power module, data acquisition module, central controller module, charge and discharge control module, thermal management module, balance module and communication module.
Wherein, described each local management system is independent of impact mutually.
Wherein, described local management system can carry out expanding or simplifying according to battery pack scale, can not affect other local management systems existing.
Wherein, the data of each described local management system that described global administration system docking is received carry out computing, global policies is sent to each described local management system, each described local management independently performs described global policies, and described global administration system comprises central control module, memory module, communication module and display module.
Preferably, described local management system adopts CAN communication with communicating between global administration system.
Preferably, data collecting module collected 16 battery cell voltages of described local management system, 16 temperature sensing node temperatures.
The utility model has following beneficial effect and advantage:
1, whole system to the protection of battery pack based on each local management system to the protection of respective battery modules, can when communicate be disturbed or interrupt maintain original protection.
2, whole system reduces the dependence for global administration's system, function embodiment resource between each local system of coordination of global administration's system, when global administration's system failure, each local management system is by the management separately to battery modules, maintain the management to whole battery pack, the fault of global administration's system can be found simultaneously.
3, a limited number of battery cell of each local management system management, achieves the quick management for each battery cell, and management speed not because of battery pack scale and electric automobile scale change and change.
4, system has multiple local management system, each management system can both by controlling the control of respective battery module realization to whole battery pack, when specific portion management system breaks down, global administration's system can also by control other local management systems thus realize disengagement failure local management system connect the charge-discharge circuit of battery modules, meanwhile, fault can not propagate into other local management system and battery modules thereof.
5, by the simple quantity increasing or reduce local management system, native system can be applied to battery pack and the electric automobile of different scales.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiments more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is general frame figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the frame diagram of local management system of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the frame diagram of global administration of the present utility model system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment, obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
The technological means realized to make the utility model, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, setting forth the utility model further.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation, system is primarily of local management system and global administration's system composition, each local management system is directly connected with a battery modules, local management system quantity is identical with battery modules quantity, global administration's system quantity is fixed as one, and all local management systems and global administration's system carry are in same CAN, and each battery modules is connected in same charging and discharging circuit.
Whole system is realized the management of the battery modules be attached thereto by each local management system for the management of battery pack, local management system is by controlling the control of each battery modules realization to whole battery pack, the function of global administration's system coordinates each local management system, computing is carried out by the data sent each local management system, generate global policies, coordinate each local management system.
Each local management system works alone, and each local management system is without the need to the information of any other local management system.
As shown in Figure 2, local management system is centralized battery management system, comprises power module, data acquisition module, central controller module, charge and discharge control module, thermal management module, balance module and communication module.
Battery modules both end voltage is converted into constant 5V voltage by DC/DC by power module, thus to other module for power supply of local management system, the free voltage of 9V to 100V is supported in the input of local management system power supply module, and local management system is powered by connected battery modules completely.
Power module, under the control of central controller module, at normal mode, switches between sampling configuration and energy saver mode, to reduce the power consumption of local management system.When central controller carries out computing, power module will be switched to normal mode, provide power supply to all modules; When central controller carries out data acquisition, under power module will be operated in sampling configuration, reduce the output power of other modules beyond data acquisition module and communication module; When electric automobile cuts out, power module will close the power supply of other modules, only retains the power supply of communication module, maintains the arousal function of local management system.
Central controller module controls the mode of operation of power module according to local management working state of system, the data collection task of control data acquisition module, the quantity of electric charge and the health degree of battery is calculated according to the initial data collected, control the work of charge and discharge control module, balance module and thermal management module according to the initial data collected, the quantity of electric charge and health degree information, take corresponding measure according to communication instruction.
Data acquisition module comprises voltage acquisition unit, temperature collecting cell and current acquisition unit.
Voltage acquisition unit passes through bleeder circuit, multiplexer, common-mode voltage is converted to differential mode voltage by difference channel and booster circuit, and by serial mode, each batteries monomer voltage is gathered, in preferred embodiment, a battery modules is made up of 16 batteries monomers, in order to reduce the interference that noise brings, the collection of every batteries monomer voltage is realized by continuous four voltage sub samplings, its mean value is this primary cell monomer voltage collection result, each sub sampling 0.085ms consuming time, thus each local management system realizes needing 5.44ms altogether to the voltage acquisition of the battery modules of its management.
Temperature collecting cell is made up of jointly sensor array, multiplexer and canonical reference circuit, the collectable voltage of local management system comprises and to be not limited between each battery cell surface temperature, battery cell in voltage, battery modules case feature locations temperature in equal gentle battery modules case, thus temperature collecting cell sensor design is standalone sensor array, transducer adopts negative temperature coefficient resister (NTC), can be affixed on above-mentioned any temperature acquisition position flexibly, preferably a sensor array comprises 16 NTC; Central control module is selected concrete some transducers by multiplexer serial and is accessed canonical reference circuit, this transducer dividing potential drop size is sampled, by calculating this sensor resistance size, the temperature of corresponding temperature collection point can be obtained by temperature-resistance table; The collection of each temperature acquisition point temperature is realized by continuous four temperature sub samplings, its mean value is the temperature acquisition result of this temperature acquisition point, each sub sampling 0.085ms consuming time, thus each local management system realizes needing 5.44ms altogether to the temperature acquisition of all temperature acquisition points.
Current acquisition unit is realized by Hall element, acquisition precision is improved while expanding current range, preferably, local management system have employed a 25A/200A double-range Hall element, and each current acquisition obtains the current value of corresponding two ranges respectively; When the current value of 25A channel acquisition is greater than the standard current value of 20A, 200A channel current value will be adopted as real current value; When the current value of 25A channel acquisition is less than the standard current value of 20A, 25A channel current value will be adopted as real current value; Two channel currents gather serial implementation, and each channel current collection is made up of 4 sub-current samples, each sub sampling 0.085ms consuming time, and thus each local management system realizes needing 0.68ms altogether to current acquisition.
The break-make that charge and discharge control module is achieved for charging and discharging circuit by two-stage buffer circuit controls, first order loop is by the logic control IGBT drive circuit of central control module, and loop, the second level realizes controlling for the isolation break-make of charging and discharging circuit by IGBT drive circuit.
Each local management system is realized by two kinds of approach for the control of charge-discharge modules: 1) battery charge levels that calculated by initial data and the central control module of data collecting module collected of local management system and health status information directly realize the control for charging and discharging circuit; 2) local management system is by the control to charging and discharging circuit after the system coordination order of communication module reception global administration.
Approach 1) battery charge levels that calculated by initial data and the central control module of data collecting module collected of local management system and health status information directly realize control for charging and discharging circuit for directly controlling, approach 2) local management system be control indirectly to the control of charging and discharging circuit after receiving global administration's system coordination order by communication module.
Approach 1) battery charge levels that calculated by initial data and the central control module of data collecting module collected of local management system and health status information directly realize for charging and discharging circuit control; only put on by each local management system the battery modules be directly connected with it; thus control and scheduling co-design the most rapidly can be provided to the battery modules that it is directly connected; this protection average delay is 34.59ms; the shortest control and scheduling co-design time delay is 1.4ms, and most long delay is 50.0ms.This time delay, not by the impact of communication quality, is not subject to the impact of local management system and battery modules quantity simultaneously, is not namely subject to the impact of battery pack scale and electric automobile scale.
Communication when between local management system and global administration's system because of electrically and other ambient noises and be disturbed or interrupt time, each local management system only will provide protection and control according to the information of its battery modules, maintains the working healthily of its battery modules.
Approach 2) local management system receives the control to charging and discharging circuit after global administration system coordination order by communication module, control information is sent to the concrete some local management systems performing control command by global system by this control, concrete execution control command be still local management system, control under this approach is to Systematical control time delay without the control of being strict with, as the startup of all local management system.
By approach 2) local management system receives the control to charging and discharging circuit after global administration system coordination order by communication module, whole management system can detect the mistake of each local management system when each local management system of global administration's system wake-up, simultaneously each local management system can by the mistake of the communication check global administration system with global administration system.
In the present embodiment, thermal management module, according to the temperature information of data collecting module collected, is controlled the fan work of each temperature control point by central control module.
It is balanced that balance module achieves between ceiling voltage battery cell with minimum voltage battery cell, balance module is realized by relay array, central control module controls the connection of the relay circuit be connected with each batteries monomer with closed, when when between battery cell, voltage difference reaches 100mV, balanced enable, when voltage difference is lower than 25mV, balanced closedown.
Balance module is made up of equilibrium between balanced in battery modules and battery modules.
Relay path between the battery cell that voltage is the highest and voltage is minimum that each battery cell information of voltage of the balanced battery modules managed according to it by each local management system directly controls in battery modules in battery modules.
Between battery modules, the balanced local management system be connected respectively to two battery modules high with minimum with total voltage by global administration's system sends equalization command, the local management system that the battery modules the highest with total voltage is connected will open voltage the highest battery cell relay path, and the local management system that the battery modules minimum with total voltage is connected will open voltage minimum battery cell relay path.
Communication module realizes the communication between local management system and global administration's system by CAN communication.
As shown in Figure 3, the utility model reduces the complexity density of global administration's system, and global administration's system is made up of central control module, memory module, display module and communication module.
The data of central control module to the local management system received carry out computing, generate overall control strategy, and as each local management systems axiol-ogy, the Balance route etc. between battery modules, overall control strategy performs time delay without hard real time requirement to system.
Memory module realizes the storage for the key message of whole system.
Display module provides User Interface, display system key message.
Communication module realizes, with the communication of local management system, adopting CAN communication in this enforcement.
More than show and describe general principle of the present utility model and principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present utility model; under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of claimed the utility model.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. one kind based on local and the modular battery management system of the two-layer management system of the overall situation, it is characterized in that, comprise: local management system and global administration's system, described local management system quantity is equal to the quantity of battery modules, and described global administration system quantity is fixed as one; Described global administration system is made up of the control of local management system described in each to the battery modules be connected separately jointly for the control of whole battery pack, the separate work of described each local management system, by the battery modules that centralized fashion management is connected separately, described global administration system is by local management system communication described in bus and each, generate overall control strategy, resource coordination between battery modules is provided.
2. according to claim 1 based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation, it is characterized in that, described local management system is centralized battery management system, manage the battery modules be attached thereto independently, and powered by described battery modules completely, described local management system comprises power module, data acquisition module, central controller module, charge and discharge control module, thermal management module, balance module and communication module.
3. according to claim 1 and 2ly it is characterized in that based on local and the modular battery management system of the two-layer management system of the overall situation, described each local management system is independent of impact mutually.
4. according to claim 3 based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation, it is characterized in that, described local management system can carry out expanding or simplifying according to battery pack scale, can not affect other local management systems existing.
5. according to claim 1 based on the modular battery management system of local with the two-layer management system of the overall situation, it is characterized in that, the data of each described local management system that described global administration system docking is received carry out computing, send global policies to each described local management system, each described local management independently performs described global policies.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105871033A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏罗思韦尔电气有限公司 | Rapid balance control method and device for power battery pack |
| CN106160034A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-11-23 | 海马汽车有限公司 | A kind of battery balanced control device and method |
| CN109037801A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of to be integrated with the lithium battery management system of information collection, data communication, electric energy equalization function |
| CN109228958A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-18 | 爱驰汽车有限公司 | Battery management system and electric car |
| CN110600816A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-20 | 南京四象新能源科技有限公司 | Battery management system and battery management method based on wireless communication control |
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2014
- 2014-10-20 CN CN201420604424.4U patent/CN204131181U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106160034A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-11-23 | 海马汽车有限公司 | A kind of battery balanced control device and method |
| CN106160034B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2019-06-18 | 海马汽车有限公司 | A kind of battery balanced control device and method |
| CN105871033A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏罗思韦尔电气有限公司 | Rapid balance control method and device for power battery pack |
| CN109037801A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of to be integrated with the lithium battery management system of information collection, data communication, electric energy equalization function |
| CN109228958A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-18 | 爱驰汽车有限公司 | Battery management system and electric car |
| CN110600816A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-12-20 | 南京四象新能源科技有限公司 | Battery management system and battery management method based on wireless communication control |
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