CN204130705U - A Broadband Grid Antenna Array - Google Patents
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- CN204130705U CN204130705U CN201420611454.8U CN201420611454U CN204130705U CN 204130705 U CN204130705 U CN 204130705U CN 201420611454 U CN201420611454 U CN 201420611454U CN 204130705 U CN204130705 U CN 204130705U
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种天线阵列,尤其是一种宽带栅格天线阵列,属于无线通信领域。The utility model relates to an antenna array, in particular to a broadband grid antenna array, which belongs to the field of wireless communication.
背景技术Background technique
天线是无线设备中用来发射和接受电磁波的设备,凡是利用电磁波来传递信息的,都依靠天线来进行工作。随着通信技术的不断发展,无线通信中传输的信息量越来越多,对天线的要求也越来越高。天线正朝着宽频带、智能化、低剖面、低成本的方向发展。目前使用的天线阵列中大部分都需要加上馈电网络来保证天线的性能,但这不仅会增加天线的回波损耗还会增加天线的成本,使天线的结构变得复杂;而栅格天线是应用在毫米波领域的高增益天线,它利用二分之一波长的传输线来连接各个辐射单元,使整个天线阵列只有一个输入端口,馈线和天线连接为一个整体,但这种天线的带宽不够,无法满足LTE频段的带宽要求。Antenna is a device used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in wireless devices. Anything that uses electromagnetic waves to transmit information relies on antennas to work. With the continuous development of communication technology, the amount of information transmitted in wireless communication is increasing, and the requirements for antennas are also getting higher and higher. Antennas are developing in the direction of broadband, intelligence, low profile, and low cost. Most of the currently used antenna arrays need to add a feed network to ensure the performance of the antenna, but this will not only increase the return loss of the antenna but also increase the cost of the antenna, making the structure of the antenna complicated; while the grid antenna It is a high-gain antenna used in the millimeter wave field. It uses a half-wavelength transmission line to connect each radiation unit, so that the entire antenna array has only one input port, and the feeder and antenna are connected as a whole, but the bandwidth of this antenna is not enough. , unable to meet the bandwidth requirements of the LTE frequency band.
据调查与了解,已经公开的现有技术如下:According to investigation and understanding, the existing technologies that have been disclosed are as follows:
1)2010年,Xing Chen等人在IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS ANDPROPAGATION上发表题为“A Novel Wideband and Compact Microstrip Grid ArrayAntenna”的文章中,作者提出了一种宽带的结构紧凑的微带栅格天线,波浪形的传输线使结构紧凑,辐射贴片做成椭圆形可以增加天线的辐射带宽,分数带宽为25%。1) In 2010, Xing Chen et al. published an article titled "A Novel Wideband and Compact Microstrip Grid Array Antenna" on IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS ANDPROPAGATION. The author proposed a wideband compact microstrip grid antenna, wave The shape of the transmission line makes the structure compact, and the elliptical radiation patch can increase the radiation bandwidth of the antenna, and the fractional bandwidth is 25%.
2)2011年,YueHui Cui等人在IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS ANDPROPAGATION上发表题为“Novel Dual-Broadband Planar Antenna and Its Array for2G/3G/LTE Base Stations”的文章中提出了一种应用于基站的天线阵列,该天线有低频和高频两个辐射频带,能够满足2G/3G/LTE的频段要求,但这种天线阵列需要复杂的馈电网络,增加了天线的加工成本。2) In 2011, YueHui Cui et al. published an article titled "Novel Dual-Broadband Planar Antenna and Its Array for 2G/3G/LTE Base Stations" on IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS ANDPROPAGATION, and proposed an antenna array for base stations , the antenna has two radiation bands of low frequency and high frequency, which can meet the frequency band requirements of 2G/3G/LTE, but this antenna array requires a complex feeding network, which increases the processing cost of the antenna.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是为了解决上述现有技术的缺陷,提供了一种宽带栅格天线阵列,该天线阵列的馈电网络简单,具有频带宽、加工容易、成本低等特点,能够满足宽带通信系统的要求。The purpose of this utility model is to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a broadband grid antenna array. system requirements.
本实用新型的目的可以通过采取如下技术方案达到:The purpose of this utility model can be achieved by taking the following technical solutions:
一种宽带栅格天线阵列,包括反射地板以及竖立设置在反射地板上的多个辐射单元,所述反射地板的上层设有连接各个辐射单元的多条微带传输线,所述多个辐射单元在反射地板上围成栅格天线阵列;所述每个辐射单元的正反两面均覆盖有辐射贴片,且每个辐射单元的正反两面下部均腐蚀掉一段辐射贴片露出介质部分,该露出的介质部分的左、右两端分别贴有金属片,所述金属片分别与辐射贴片和微带传输线连接;所述每个辐射单元的四周开有多个过孔,所述多个过孔贯穿辐射单元正反两面的辐射贴片。A broadband grid antenna array, including a reflective floor and a plurality of radiating units erected on the reflective floor, the upper layer of the reflective floor is provided with a plurality of microstrip transmission lines connecting each radiating unit, and the plurality of radiating units are placed on the A grid antenna array is formed on the reflective floor; the front and back sides of each radiating unit are covered with radiation patches, and a section of the radiation patch is corroded to expose the medium part on the front and back sides of each radiating unit. The left and right ends of the dielectric part are respectively pasted with metal sheets, and the metal sheets are respectively connected with the radiation patch and the microstrip transmission line; there are multiple via holes around each radiation unit, and the multiple via holes Holes run through the radiating patches on both sides of the radiating unit.
作为一种实施方案,所述天线阵列还包括同轴线,所述反射地板的下层为金属地板,所述同轴线的外导体与金属地板连接,内导体穿过反射地板的介质后与其中一个辐射单元的金属片连接。As an implementation, the antenna array also includes a coaxial line, the lower layer of the reflective floor is a metal floor, the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the metal floor, and the inner conductor passes through the medium of the reflective floor and connects with it. Metal sheet connection of a radiating element.
作为一种实施方案,所述多个辐射单元包括纵向排列的辐射单元和横向排列的辐射单元。As an implementation, the plurality of radiating units include radiating units arranged vertically and radiating units arranged horizontally.
作为一种实施方案,所述纵向排列的辐射单元有一列或多列,所述横向排列的辐射单元有一行或多行,且纵向排列的辐射单元的列数与横向排列的辐射单元的行数相同。As an implementation, the radiating units arranged vertically have one or more columns, the radiating units arranged horizontally have one or more rows, and the number of columns of radiating units arranged vertically is the same as the number of rows of radiating units arranged horizontally same.
作为一种实施方案,所述每条微带传输线的长度为栅格天线阵列中心频率所对应波长的二分之一。As an implementation, the length of each microstrip transmission line is half of the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the grid antenna array.
作为一种实施方案,所述每个辐射单元的多个过孔均匀分布在辐射单元的四周。As an implementation, the multiple via holes of each radiating unit are evenly distributed around the radiating unit.
作为一种实施方案,所述反射地板和多个辐射单元的形状均为矩形。As an implementation, the reflective floor and the plurality of radiation units are both rectangular in shape.
本实用新型相对于现有技术具有如下的有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1、本实用新型的天线阵列在一块反射地板上竖立设置多个辐射单元,使多个辐射单元围成栅格天线阵列,这样避免电磁场能量储存在辐射单元和反射地板之间,增加了天线的辐射带宽,解决了传统栅格天线带宽不够的问题。1. In the antenna array of the present invention, a plurality of radiating units are erected on a reflective floor, so that the plurality of radiating units form a grid antenna array, which prevents the electromagnetic field energy from being stored between the radiating unit and the reflective floor, and increases the antenna’s Radiation bandwidth solves the problem of insufficient bandwidth of traditional grid antennas.
2、本实用新型的天线阵列由同轴线将能量馈入一个辐射单元,再通过微带传输线馈入其它的辐射单元,整个馈电网络简单,克服了传统天线馈电网络复杂的问题,可以节省天线的制作成本。2. The antenna array of the present utility model feeds energy into a radiation unit through a coaxial line, and then feeds into other radiation units through a microstrip transmission line. The entire feeding network is simple, which overcomes the complex problem of the traditional antenna feeding network, and can The production cost of the antenna is saved.
3、本实用新型的天线阵列与常用的天线阵列相比具有更加简单的馈电网络,整个天线阵列都设置在一块反射地板上,加工容易,成本低,可以应用于1.71GHz~2.69GHz的LTE频段,能够满足宽带通信系统的要求。3. Compared with commonly used antenna arrays, the antenna array of the present invention has a simpler feeding network, and the entire antenna array is set on a reflective floor, which is easy to process and low in cost, and can be applied to 1.71GHz-2.69GHz LTE The frequency band can meet the requirements of broadband communication systems.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列的立体图。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a broadband grid antenna array according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图2为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列的主视图。Fig. 2 is a front view of the wideband grid antenna array in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图3为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列的左视图。Fig. 3 is a left view of the wideband grid antenna array in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图4为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列的俯视图。Fig. 4 is a top view of the wideband grid antenna array according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图5为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列的S参数仿真结果图。FIG. 5 is a diagram of the S-parameter simulation results of the wideband grid antenna array according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图6a为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列在2GHz的H面辐射方向图。Fig. 6a is an H-plane radiation pattern at 2 GHz of the broadband grid antenna array in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图6b为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列在2.2GHz的H面辐射方向图。Fig. 6b is an H-plane radiation pattern at 2.2 GHz of the broadband grid antenna array in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
图6c为本实用新型实施例1的宽带栅格天线阵列在2.4GHz的H面辐射方向图Fig. 6c is the H-plane radiation pattern at 2.4 GHz of the broadband grid antenna array in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model
图7为本实用新型实施例2的宽带栅格天线阵列的立体图。Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the wideband grid antenna array according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
图8为本实用新型实施例3的宽带栅格天线阵列的立体图。Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the wideband grid antenna array according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
其中,1-反射地板,2-同轴线,3-辐射单元,4-微带传输线,5-辐射贴片,6-介质部分,7-金属片,8-过孔。Among them, 1-reflecting floor, 2-coaxial line, 3-radiating unit, 4-microstrip transmission line, 5-radiating patch, 6-dielectric part, 7-metal sheet, 8-via.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1:Example 1:
如图1~图4所示,本实施例的宽带栅格天线阵列包括反射地板1、同轴线2以及竖立设置在反射地板1上的四个辐射单元3,反射地板1和四个辐射单元3均采用PCB板(介质介电常数为2.55),形状均为矩形;所述反射地板1的上层设有连接各个辐射单元3的四条微带传输线4,下层为金属地板;所述四个辐射单元3中有两个辐射单元3纵向排列,两个辐射单元3横向排列(也就是说纵向排列的辐射单元3有一列,横向排列的辐射单元3有一行),共同在反射地板1上围成栅格天线阵列;所述每条微带传输线4的长度为栅格天线阵列中心频率所对应波长的二分之一。As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the broadband grid antenna array of this embodiment includes a reflective floor 1, a coaxial line 2, and four radiating units 3 erected on the reflective floor 1, the reflective floor 1 and the four radiating units 3 all adopt PCB boards (dielectric constant of the medium is 2.55), and the shapes are all rectangular; the upper layer of the reflective floor 1 is provided with four microstrip transmission lines 4 connecting each radiation unit 3, and the lower layer is a metal floor; the four radiation In unit 3, there are two radiating units 3 arranged vertically, and two radiating units 3 arranged horizontally (that is to say, the radiating units 3 arranged vertically have a column, and the radiating units 3 arranged horizontally have a row), which are jointly formed on the reflective floor 1. Grid antenna array; the length of each microstrip transmission line 4 is half of the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the grid antenna array.
所述每个辐射单元3的正反两面均覆盖有辐射贴片5,且每个辐射单元3的正反两面下部均腐蚀掉一段辐射贴片5露出介质部分6,这个设计主要用来调节天线与反射地板之间的距离;该露出的介质部分6的左、右两端分别贴有金属片7(正反两面,共有四块,以下称左端的金属片7为左金属片7,右端的金属片7为右金属片7),栅格天线阵列左边的辐射单元3的右金属片7分别与辐射贴片5和微带传输线4连接;栅格天线阵列右边的辐射单元3的左金属片7分别与辐射贴片5和微带传输线4连接,栅格天线阵列前面和后面的辐射单元3的左金属片7和右金属片7都分别与辐射贴片5和微带传输线4连接;所述每个辐射单元3的四周开有多个均匀分布的过孔8,所述多个过孔8贯穿辐射单元3正反两面的辐射贴片5,使正反两面的辐射贴片5连接在一起;所述同轴线2的外导体与金属地板连接,内导体穿过反射地板1的介质后与栅格天线阵列左边的辐射单元3的右金属片7连接。The front and back sides of each radiating unit 3 are covered with radiation patches 5, and a section of radiation patch 5 is etched off on the lower part of the front and back sides of each radiating unit 3 to expose the dielectric part 6. This design is mainly used to adjust the antenna The distance between the reflective floor; the left and right ends of the exposed medium part 6 are respectively pasted with metal sheets 7 (the front and back sides, there are four pieces, hereinafter referred to as the left metal sheet 7 as the left metal sheet 7, and the right end of the metal sheet 7). The metal sheet 7 is the right metal sheet 7), the right metal sheet 7 of the radiation unit 3 on the left side of the grid antenna array is connected with the radiation patch 5 and the microstrip transmission line 4 respectively; the left metal sheet of the radiation unit 3 on the right side of the grid antenna array 7 are respectively connected to the radiation patch 5 and the microstrip transmission line 4, and the left metal sheet 7 and the right metal sheet 7 of the radiation unit 3 in front of and behind the grid antenna array are respectively connected to the radiation patch 5 and the microstrip transmission line 4; A plurality of uniformly distributed via holes 8 are opened around each radiation unit 3, and the plurality of via holes 8 run through the radiation patches 5 on the front and back sides of the radiation unit 3, so that the radiation patches 5 on the front and back sides are connected to the Together; the outer conductor of the coaxial line 2 is connected to the metal floor, and the inner conductor is connected to the right metal sheet 7 of the radiation unit 3 on the left side of the grid antenna array after passing through the medium of the reflective floor 1 .
本实施例的宽带栅格天线阵列的工作原理是:同轴线2先将能量馈入到栅格天线阵列左边的辐射单元3中,然后通过微带传输线4馈入到其它的辐射单元3中,由于微带传输线4长度为栅格天线阵列中心频率所对应波长的二分之一,所以在中心频率附近每个辐射单元3的电流方向都是一样的,与传统的栅格天线不同的是,本实施例将辐射单元3竖立起来,这样避免电磁场能量储存在辐射单元3和反射地板1之间,增加了天线的辐射带宽;电流在辐射单元3上可以有很多路径,不同的电流路径可以在不同的频率点产生辐射。The working principle of the broadband grid antenna array in this embodiment is: the coaxial line 2 first feeds energy into the radiation unit 3 on the left side of the grid antenna array, and then feeds energy into other radiation units 3 through the microstrip transmission line 4 , since the length of the microstrip transmission line 4 is half of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the grid antenna array, the current direction of each radiation unit 3 is the same near the center frequency, which is different from the traditional grid antenna In this embodiment, the radiation unit 3 is erected, so as to avoid the electromagnetic field energy from being stored between the radiation unit 3 and the reflective floor 1, thereby increasing the radiation bandwidth of the antenna; the current can have many paths on the radiation unit 3, and different current paths can be Radiation is generated at different frequency points.
通过计算和电磁场仿真,对本实施例的宽带栅格天线阵列进行了验证仿真,如图5所示,给出了该天线在1.4~2.7Ghz频率范围内的S参数仿真结果的曲线,S1,1曲线是指输入回波损耗(反射系数),可以看到,在1.71GHz~2.41GHz的LTE频段内,S1,1曲线的值小于-10dB,能够满足宽带高速无线通讯系统的要求。本实施例的宽带栅格天线阵列的H面辐射方向图如图6a~6c所示(其中图6a为在2GHz时的H面辐射方向图,图6b为在2.2GHz时的H面辐射方向图,图6c为在2.4GHz时的H面辐射方向图),可以看到,H面辐射方向图在较宽的频段内保持稳定,最大辐射点均朝Z轴(垂直于反射地板1的轴向)正方向。Through calculation and electromagnetic field simulation, the broadband grid antenna array of this embodiment has been verified and simulated, as shown in Figure 5, which provides the curve of the S parameter simulation results of the antenna in the frequency range of 1.4 to 2.7Ghz, S1, 1 The curve refers to the input return loss (reflection coefficient). It can be seen that in the LTE frequency band of 1.71GHz to 2.41GHz, the value of the S1,1 curve is less than -10dB, which can meet the requirements of broadband high-speed wireless communication systems. The H surface radiation pattern of the broadband grid antenna array of this embodiment is shown in Figures 6a to 6c (wherein Figure 6a is the H surface radiation pattern at 2GHz, and Figure 6b is the H surface radiation pattern at 2.2GHz , Figure 6c is the radiation pattern of the H surface at 2.4GHz), it can be seen that the radiation pattern of the H surface remains stable in a wide frequency band, and the maximum radiation points are all towards the Z axis (perpendicular to the axial direction of the reflective floor 1 )Positive direction.
实施例2:Example 2:
如图7所示,在实施例1的结构基础上,进行横向扩展,在反射地板1上形成十个辐射单元3的栅格天线阵列,可看到纵向排列的辐射单元3有三列,横向排列的辐射单元3有三行。As shown in Figure 7, on the basis of the structure of Embodiment 1, a grid antenna array of ten radiating units 3 is formed on the reflective floor 1. It can be seen that the radiating units 3 arranged vertically have three columns, and the radiating units 3 arranged horizontally The Radiant Unit 3 has three rows.
实施例3:Example 3:
如图8所示,在实施例1的结构基础上,同时进行横向和纵向扩展,在反射地板1上形成十六个辐射单元3的栅格天线阵列,可看到纵向排列的辐射单元3有五列,横向排列的辐射单元3有五行。As shown in Figure 8, on the basis of the structure of Embodiment 1, horizontal and vertical expansion are carried out simultaneously, and a grid antenna array of sixteen radiating units 3 is formed on the reflective floor 1. It can be seen that the radiating units 3 arranged vertically have There are five columns, and the radiating elements 3 arranged horizontally have five rows.
上述实施例中,所述反射板和每个辐射单元采用的PCB板可以由FR4、聚酰亚胺、聚四氟乙烯玻璃布和共烧陶瓷任意一种介质材料构成;所述金属地板、辐射贴片和金属片采用的金属为铝、铁、锡、铜、银、金和铂的任意一种,或为铝、铁、锡、铜、银、金和铂任意一种的合金。In the above-mentioned embodiment, the PCB board adopted by the reflector and each radiation unit can be made of any dielectric material of FR4, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth and co-fired ceramics; the metal floor, radiation The metal used for the patches and metal sheets is any one of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum, or any alloy of aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold and platinum.
以上所述,仅为本实用新型专利较佳的实施例,但本实用新型专利的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型专利所公开的范围内,根据本实用新型专利的技术方案及其实用新型构思加以等同替换或改变,都属于本实用新型专利的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model patent, but the scope of protection of the utility model patent is not limited thereto, any skilled person familiar with the technical field within the disclosed scope of the utility model patent, according to The technical scheme of the utility model patent and the equivalent replacement or change of the utility model concept all belong to the protection scope of the utility model patent.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104319491A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-28 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband grid antenna array |
CN104319491B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2017-01-04 | 华南理工大学 | A Broadband Grid Antenna Array |
-
2014
- 2014-10-21 CN CN201420611454.8U patent/CN204130705U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104319491A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-28 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband grid antenna array |
CN104319491B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2017-01-04 | 华南理工大学 | A Broadband Grid Antenna Array |
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